专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——奥秘探索与社会交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·江苏南通·期末） In one apartment in Jos, Nigeria, Wuni Bitrus and a dozen students gathered around a table covered with a toolbox, a 12-volt adapter (适配器), and a mix of colored wires. The students’ idea was to build a “smart” door that opens with the touch of a finger. The students chatted in sign language, and Mr. Bitrus signed back. The group discussed using Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, and one student wondered how fingerprints could be stored. Mindful of Nigeria’s electricity problems, Mr. Bitrus advised the group to use a battery-powered keypad lock system first and include a fingerprint feature later. After nodding in agreement, the students excitedly started working. This is one typical scene in a club run by the Deaf Technology Foundation (DTF), a nonprofit co-founded by Mr. Bitrus. It coaches deaf Nigerian children and young adults in computer programming and robotics which are believed to maintain a rising trend in today’s labor market. The students also work to improve their reading skills and receive career guidance. Mr. Bitrus’ desire to change Nigeria’s deaf communities was awakened in 2014. While teaching, he noticed a 13-year-old girl was treated unfairly and he became determined to learn sign language. Three years later, he got funded by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and established DTF. One of the darkest memories that Mercy Samson Grimah, a student of the foundation, has about growing up is looking at the faces of people around her. Ms. Grimah says her private secondary school did not formally teach sign language to her, nor much of anything else. But fortunately, she formed a bond with the Deaf Technology Foundation. “I had never touched a laptop before in my life,” she says. Now, she wants to become a computer scientist. So far, DTF has been struggling to keep the dreams of these students alive, as it can only afford two paid instructors and it is difficult to keep up with the growing number of students. DTF intends to take advantage of Nigeria’s rapid tech development, joining hands with companies on self-driving car technology and automated wheelchairs to secure its existence. 1．What happened in one apartment in Jos? A．A classroom lecture on electronics. B．A debate about door security issues. C．A discussion on fingerprint technology. D．A scene of deaf students doing research. 2．What is the primary goal of DTF? A．To bridge the mental gap for deaf youth. B．To build smart devices for deaf students. C．To create a social platform for deaf students. D．To provide technological aid for deaf students. 3．What aspect of DTF does paragraph 4 focus on? A．Its influence. B．Its objective. C．Its challenges. D．Its origins. 4．What difficulty is DTF experiencing? A．Inaccessible learning materials. B．Shortage of skilled instructors. C．Insufficient financial supports. D．Failure to attract more students. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西晋中·期末） Research shows that when social media use is high, depression is also high. But the question is — is that because social media causes that person to be depressed? Or is it because people who are depressed tend to also use social media more, and spend less time exercising and being in green spaces? “That is what we wanted to understand,” says Carol Vidal, the first author of the study, a child and adolescent psychiatrist at Johns Hopkins Children’s Center. In their study, 376 young adults in Canada were asked to complete three online questionnaires between May 2021 and January 2022. At each point, participants self-reported depressive symptoms based on the PHQ-9 — a nine-item scale (表) that is commonly used to measure depression — as well as social media use, green space exposure, and physical activity. Researchers found that participants who had higher social media use tended to be more depressed, and people who were more depressed also tended to use social media more. However, researchers found that social media use did not cause an increase or decrease in depressive symptom levels over time. Researchers also found that higher levels of social media use and higher levels of depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of green space exposure. In addition, higher eveningness was also associated with higher depressive symptom levels. One study author says these results show social media use and depression are associated, but do not provide evidence that greater social media use predicts an increase in depressive symptoms over time. Other professionals in the team also say these findings indicate people who suffer from depression should be careful about the amount of time they spend on social media and should be encouraged to integrate other healthy habits into their lifestyle. Vidal and other investigators believe there are many aspects to social media, and there are important next steps to learn more about its impact on the mental health of people of all ages, including younger children and adolescents. 5．Why did Carol Vidal conduct the study? A．To explore how depression affects social media use. B．To investigate if green spaces benefit mental health. C．To find the link between social media and depression. D．To determine why social media contributes to depression. 6．How did the researchers measure depression in the study? A．By using a nine-item form called PHQ-9. B．By observing the participants’ daily behavior. C．By asking the participants’ friends and families. D．By analyzing the participants’ social media posts. 7．What do the researchers advise people with depression to do? A．Avoid using mobile phones. B．Develop healthy eating habits. C．Seek professional help regularly. D．Cut down the time on social media. 8．What does the follow-up study aim to find out? A．The types of social media. B．The influence of social media on mental health. C．The popularity of social media among younger children. D．Effective ways to limit social media use among the youth. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏徐州·期末） People consistently underestimate how much others in their social circle might appreciate an unexpected phone call, text or email just to say hello, and the more surprising the connection, the greater the appreciation, according to a new study. In the study, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh conducted some experiments involving more than 5, 900 participants. In one experiment, half of the participants were asked to recall the last time they reached out to someone in their social circle after a prolonged (长期的) period of not interacting with them. The rest were asked to recall a similar situation where someone reached out to them. Participants were then asked to indicate on a 7-point scale how much either they or the person they reached out to appreciated. People who recalled reaching out thought the gesture was significantly less appreciated than those who recalled receiving a communication. In other experiments, participants sent a short note, or a small gift, to someone in their social circle with whom they had not interacted in a while. Similar to the previous experiment, participants who initiated (发起) contact were asked to rate on a 7-point scale the extent to which they thought the recipient would appreciate or feel grateful for the contact. After the notes or gifts were sent, researchers also asked the recipients to rate their appreciation. Across all experiments, those who initiated the communication significantly underestimated the extent to which recipients would appreciate the act of reaching out. Besides, the researchers found that people receiving the communication placed greater focus than those initiating the communication on the surprise element, and this heightened focus on surprise was associated with higher appreciation. “We also found that people underestimated others’ appreciation to a greater extent when the communication was more surprising, as opposed to part of a regular communication pattern, or the social ties between the two participants were weak,” added lead author Peggy Liu. Initiating social contact after a prolonged period of disconnection can be daunting because people worry about how such a gesture might be received. But these findings suggest that their hesitations may be unnecessary, as others are likely to appreciate being reached out to more than people think. 9．How did the researchers conduct the experiments? A．By listing arguments. B．By giving examples. C．By making assumptions. D．By making comparisons. 10．According to paragraph 3, what were the participants asked to do? A．To rank their appreciation. B．To make an unexpected call. C．To express their thoughts. D．To do the same experiments. 11．Based on the research, who would show higher appreciation? A．One receiving a gift of great value. B．One often contacted by a close friend. C．One connected quite unexpectedly. D．One making regular contacts with others. 12．What does the underlined word “daunting” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Unbearable. B．Discouraging. C．Illogical. D．Immoral. 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末） Gen Z’s cultural habits are often perceived as screen-focused, but a recent survey by the Booksellers Association challenges this view. It has found that the new generation are more likely than older ones to buy a book based on in-person recommendations from booksellers. UK booksellers have noticed a sharp rise in young readers visiting stores, seeking human interaction rather than relying on algorithm-driven (算法驱动) online recommendations. The Internet, especially BookTok, the corner of TikTok, does have a role to play in bookshops’ popularity. Booksellers agree that social media has helped to promote the bookshop to younger readers who travel from neighbouring towns and cities to visit. However, a resistance to algorithmic recommendations popular on BookTok (as well as online bookstores like Amazon) might be one of the most common things driving young readers into physical bookshops. Almost everyone — both booksellers and young readers — were doubtful about giving BookTok too much credit for the popularity of shopping in physical shops. Some readers said they experienced a kind of “BookTok burnout”, and have actually sought out in-person recommendations as a solution to being pushed the same books. What really draws young readers into bookshops, though, is something more personal. Booksellers say readers come out for signed books and author talks, especially for younger readers wanting to connect with their favourite writers. “I think it’s kind of a misunderstanding that younger people want to do everything online,” Grace Gooda, the manager at Morocco Bound in Bermondsey says. “In our experience... it creates a relationship where they trust our recommendations and might take home something they wouldn’t have seen advertised elsewhere. ” This is what really makes physical bookshops appeal to many younger readers. “Bookshops aren’t just places to buy books, they’re places of community, of gathering and this is something that’s actively promoted by so many bookshops,” Ash, 29, from Yorkshire, says. “Speaking to staff to get book recommendations is often a path into hearing more about the community aspects of bookshops, too — it’s often more than just a book recommendation.” 1．What has the survey found about Gen Z? A．They are keen to live mostly through a screen. B．More and more visit bookstores for new books. C．They value booksellers’ advice more than expected. D．They rely heavily on online book recommendations. 2．What effect does the Internet have on bookshops, according to paragraph 2? A．It replaces the need for physical bookshops. B．It has a significant impact on bookshops’ popularity. C．It drives young readers away from physical bookshops. D．It expands the bookshops’ influence among young readers. 3．Why might young readers resist algorithmic recommendations? A．They are fed up with them. B．They trust advice from authors. C．They prefer to buy books in person. D．They think social media unreliable. 4．Why do physical bookshops appeal to younger readers? A．They sell signed books. B．They provide a deeper connection. C．They offer a wider range of services. D．They create better reading environment. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·云南曲靖·期末） When you’ve reached the top of your game, where can you go next? It’s a question that troubles the main character of Taylor Jenkins Reid’s latest novel, the 1990s-set tennis drama Carrie Soto Is Back, coming August 30. Carrie, 37, steps out of retirement to reclaim the record that made her a legend, just tied by a young player. With 20 Grand Slams (大满贯) to her name, she’s desperate to live up to the reputation for dominance she once believed was beyond doubt but now feels slipping away, forcing her to reconsider if she’s expecting too much of herself in an attempt to prove her worth to the world. Reid, 38, knows these feelings well. She’s been working for a decade, producing book after book, the last three of which, part of a quartet (四部曲) about famous women, have finally made the author a household name. Carrie Soto is the final book of the bundle. Each of the books centres an aggressive character managing the tensions between her charming life in the public eye and the pressures she feels in private. And each captures a specific time and place, with Reid skilfully collecting small yet meaningful details to help build immersive (身临其境的) worlds. For Carrie Soto, that meant learning about a sport she had barely ever watched, let alone played; reading on game strategy and technique; studying different playing styles and court surfaces; and watching old matches, absorbing the language of commentators. Reid brings this intensity to all her eight books in the last nine years. But now that her quartet is finished, Reid is determined to rest. It’s fitting, then, that the author decided to end the quartet with a story about a woman struggling with her constant pursuit of success — and finally realizing it might just be too much. "This isn’t really a story about whether Carrie can win a Slam," she says. "It’s about whether she can stop climbing mountains." 5．Which of the following can best describe Carrie before she retired? A．Selfish and confident. B．Modest and gentle. C．Determined and ambitious. D．Conservative and demanding. 6．Which of the following is true about the novel? A．It is set in the present. B．The author is a retired tennis player. C．The story discusses how to get to the top. D．It centres a record-holder defending her honour. 7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The leading character of the novel. B．The pressure Carrie faces. C．The efforts Reid put into writing. D．The details of the story’s background. 8．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To tell a tennis player’s story. B．To call attention to famous women. C．To introduce a newly written book. D．To argue for less success addiction. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西运城·期末） How long does it take for a reader to get a book after placing an order in a library of over 8 million? The answer from a new library in suburban Beijing is less than 15 minutes. Located in the eastern district of Tongzhou, Beijing Library has become a popular destination since it opened. It received over 80, 000 visits during the three-day New Year holiday. Book lovers are attracted not only by the library’s architectural design, but also by its large collection of books and smart services. Covering some 75,000 square meters, Beijing Library houses over 8 million books. The towering stacks (书库) on the library’s basement floor contribute to its massive capacity. They are part of the largest single automated storage and retrieval (检索) system for books in China. The stacks have a total storage area of less than 3,000 square meters, yet they can store up to 7.1 million books largely due to their special design. Besides, the smart system includes various types of smart equipment like robots, which enable intelligent book delivery and sorting. The automated book storage and retrieval system functions like the smart brain of the library, enabling an array of highly efficient services that reduce manual labor. Beijing Library is not alone in adopting innovative storage methods. The Suzhou No. 2 Library, which opened in late 2019, was the first Chinese library to apply the smart book storage and retrieval system. To make borrowing books easier, visitors to Beijing Library can register for a seamless (无缝的) borrowing service empowered by facial recognition and other technologies. A digital guide at the library’s entrance also offers on-demand interactions with visitors. Readers who want to avoid travel to the library can use the online borrowing service, which will deliver the book to their doorstep. The library’s online borrowing service is open to readers not only in Beijing but also in neighboring areas. “It’s quite a refreshing experience to visit the library,” says Meng Fan, a local sixth-grader. “The books here enrich our mind, and some of the smart services here can blow our mind.” 9．Which of the following is a reason for Beijing Library’s popularity? A．Its location is convenient. B．Its outer walls are unique. C．It has a large collection of books. D．It is the largest library of Beijing. 10．What do Beijing Library and Suzhou No. 2 Library have in common? A．They both offer a digital guide. B．They both use the facial recognition technology. C．They both adopt special architectural designs. D．They both use the smart book storage and retrieval system. 11．What do we know about the online borrowing service of Beijing Library? A．It is open to readers nationwide. B．It can deliver books in and around Beijing. C．It can only be used by the librarians. D．It still needs to be upgraded. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Smart Service of Beijing Library B．The Popularity of Beijing Library C．The History of Beijing Library D．The Future Development of Beijing Library 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与奥秘探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） Typically, meteors (流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events. As particles of space dust zip through the atmosphere, they create a bright flash before evaporating. However, some meteors leave behind a lasting glow, a phenomenon that astronomers have observed for over a century, though its origins remained unclear. Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails (尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness. This finding challenges previous assumptions that only the brightest and fastest meteors could produce afterglows. Earlier studies suggested these trails were rare, occurring in about 1 in 750 meteors, primarily associated with the brightest examples. On the other hand, some recent observations focused on the Leonid meteor storm (狮子座流星雨) concluded that only the fastest meteors, travelling around 70 kilometres per second, left trails. But these surveys were not accurate. To create a more comprehensive catalog (目录), researchers set up a camera in New Mexico to observe the same section of sky for nearly two years. From October 2021 to July 2023, nearly 7,500 meteors were recorded, with about 850 leaving lasting trails. Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses. The determining factor in leaving trails was found to be the presence of ozone. Meteors penetrating to altitudes of 90 kilometres had a higher likelihood of leaving trails than those that were higher due to the small concentration of ozone (臭氧) at higher altitudes. Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind. 1．What does the underlined word “evaporating” in Para. 1 mean? A．Changing. B．Disappearing. C．Burning. D．Moving. 2．Which plays the major role in the phenomenon according to the systematic survey? A．How fast a meteor travels. B．How bright a meteor appears. C．How high a meteor burns. D．How clearly a meteor is seen. 3．Why are the previous studies’ findings inaccurate? A．The trails are much more ordinary. B．The trails are left by slow meteors. C．The trails are much more lasting. D．The trails are brighter than meteors. 4．What causes the trails to come into existence according to the last paragraph? A．Meteors reacting with atmosphere. B．The lower concentration of ozone. C．Meteors giving off light on their own. D．Wind keeping the trails in the air. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末） Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates. But across the islands, a wave of innovation is pushing back — blending ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science to protect paradise.​ On Oahu’s north shore, marine biologists and local fishermen have joined forces on the Reef Tender project. Using 3D-printed coral “seeds” made from limestone and recycled oyster shells, they’re restoring damaged reefs. These seeds, shaped like tiny antlers, mimic natural coral structures, allowing baby coral polyps to attach and grow 50% faster than in the wild. What makes it unique? Fishermen, who’ve guarded these waters for generations, now monitor the reefs daily, using a simple app to log growth — turning stewards into scientists.​ In Maui’s rainforests, invasive species like the miconia plant once spread unchecked. Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves. It’s a targeted approach, preserving native flora while honoring the Hawaiian principle of kākoʻo .​ Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative, which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish. Farmers now share real-time data via a community dashboard, balancing crop needs with something in a way that feels both old and new.​ Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined. 5．What is the silent crisis mentioned in the text? A．Overfishing in Hawaii’s waters B．Coral reefs bleaching at alarming rates C．Invasive species destroying rainforests D．Pollution of freshwater streams 6．How does Aloha AirWatch deal with invasive miconia plants? A．By spraying chemicals to kill them B．By using drones to cut them down C．By introducing Hawaiian wasps that feed on them D．By using thermal cameras to burn them 7．What does the Hui o Ka Wai initiative aim to do? A．Revive traditional water management with modern technology B．Build new dams to control water flow in streams C．Expand taro farms to increase crop production D．Protect coral reefs from freshwater pollution 8．What is the author’s attitude towards Hawaii’s efforts to protect nature? A．Critical B．Doubtful C．Praising D．Indifferent Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广西·期末） Our planet faces severe environmental threats, mainly due to human activities such as large farming and burning fossil fuels, which lead to climate change and natural disasters. One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is cutting down forests – deforestation. This is done for many reasons, such as providing wood for fuel, making land available for housing or for creating space for more farm animals. This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s largest rainforest. Deforestation there has hit its highest rate in a decade, according to official data. Over the course of a year, an area about five times the size of London has been destroyed. Although deforestation rates in the Amazon and other tropical(热带的) regions have declined, the scale remains vast. In 2018, Global Forest Watch reported that 30 football fields’ worth of forest were cut down every minute. Frances Seymour from the World Resources Institute warns that the overall trend is still upward, indicating we are far from winning the battle against deforestation. Primary forests like the Amazon are crucial for biodiversity, housing rare species and acting as carbon dioxide stores. The loss of 3.6 million hectares in 2018 is alarming. Brazil has taken policies to reduce deforestation, including fines for illegal land use and logging(采伐). International actions against soy and beef trade from deforested Amazon areas have also helped. However, other regions like Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo are witnessing increases in deforestation. It appears that only political will and human conscience(良知) can effectively solve this problem and protect our planet. 9．What is the main cause of environmental threats according to the passage? A．Natural disasters. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change. D．Human activities. 10．What is the significance of primary forests like the Amazon? A．They provide fuel wood. B．They are used for farm animals. C．They are home to unique species. D．They are involved in international trade. 11．What measures have been taken to decrease deforestation in Brazil? A．Ignoring land use requirements. B．Encouraging more farm animals. C．Introducing government policies. D．Increasing the rate of deforestation. 12．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce deforestation. B．To call for action against deforestation. C．To suggest a way to protect the planet. D．To argue the cause of environmental threats. 主题01 人与社会——学科文化与知识融合 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·内蒙古包头·期末） The poetry of William Butler Yeats often touches upon the idea of chucking it all away and heading off somewhere. One of his best-known poems about moving on to another place is “The Lake Isle of Innisfree”, a poem which was first published in 1890 when Yeats was still a young man in his 20s. Innisfree is an island located within Lough Gill, in County Sligo, Ireland. It seems that Yeats wants to forget about the complicated world and get back to nature because the life there will be more spiritually fulfilling and peaceful. This is what “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” is about. In summary, Yeats describes his intention to go to Innisfree and build a small cabin to grow beans and keep bees for honey, and live on his own there. The world is quiet and peaceful at Innisfree. The sound of the birds is the only thing puncturing the peaceful silence of the evening. Inhabiting the town or city as he does, a place marked by pavements, roads, and all the bustle and noise of urban life, he nevertheless feels the earth calling to him. One of the most intriguing features of “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” is the repetitive language Yeats employs to convey meanings. In the poem, the line “I will arise and go now” appears twice. Does the poet really intend to go? Or is the poem merely an expression of his desire to do so, when he knows that he will probably never have the courage to leave the city behind and go into the seclusion (清净) of the lake isle? There is, perhaps, no straightforward answer, nor should there be. 1．What do we know about Innisfree? A．Yeats went there in his 20s. B．It is an imaginary place in Yeats’ poem. C．It can bring peace and spiritual fulfilment. D．Yeats wrote a poem about it after going there. 2．What does the underlined word “puncturing” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Flying. B．Banning. C．Breaking. D．Sweeping. 3．What is the probable intention of using repetitive language in this poem? A．To draw the readers’ attention. B．To express the poet’s hesitation. C．To emphasise the pattern and rhythm. D．To make the language more understandable. 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To analyse one of Yeats’ poems. B．To attract people to visit Innisfree. C．To introduce the life story of Yeats. D．To appreciate Yeats’ fantastic writing skills. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·重庆九龙坡·期末） “Mathematical symbolism and metaphor (隐喻) are present in every kind of literature, from fairy tales to War and Peace,” says mathematician Sarah Hart. In Once Upon a Prime, she lays bare some of this hidden math and meaning in a host of poetry, novels and legends. She starts with nursery rhymes, often full of counting — such as One, Two, Buckle My Shoe — showing how numbers go into our very first encounters with the world of words. This is not just through counting but also through the rhythms and rhyme patterns. It’s also through trebling — where a word or phrase is repeated three times, such as “Row, Row, Row Your Boat”. The number three is everywhere in common expressions — “Ready, Set, Go!” or “Learning your ABCs.” It’s also central to story structure. Characters tend to come in threes, too, like The Three Little Pigs, and even in jokes. Hart suggests this emphasis on three has some basis in geometry. Three is the smallest number of sticks that can make a triangle. Therefore the number three is given “a sense of strength and completeness,” Hart writes. For a book about math and literature, it’s not surprising that Hart focuses quite a bit on poetry, which is often defined by patterns of some sort. Perhaps more meaningful is her look at how math also creates the structure of novels. Some readers may wonder if Hart’s love of math simply leads her to find these patterns in literature. But the chances must be extremely high for the examples she presents to be only chance. Hart’s simple breakdowns of both math and literature make the book easy for anyone to follow, no matter their proficiency in either subject. Not everyone will finish the book and discover the mathematical treasures hidden in a book or poem. But that takes little away from the pleasure of reading it. 5．What does the underlined phrase “lays bare” mean in paragraph 1? A．Picks. B．Creates. C．Uncovers. D．Receives. 6．How does Sarah Hart support her opinions in her book? A．By referring to a subject. B．By drawing comparisons. C．By providing examples. D．By using experts’ words. 7．What is a feature of Once Upon a Prime according to the text? A．It highlights the charm of poetry. B．It focuses on the origin of geometry. C．It explains a difficult mathematical theory. D．It reveals the mathematical impact on novels. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Glimpse into Mathematics B．The Hidden Math in Literature C．Strength and Completeness of Numbers D．Mathematical Symbolism and Metaphor Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东日照·期末） Storytelling is universal and is as ancient as humankind. Before there was writing, there was storytelling. It exists (and existed) to entertain, to inform, and to promote cultural traditions and values. Oral storytelling is telling a story through voice and gestures. The oral tradition can take many forms, including epic poems, chants, rhymes, songs, and more. Not all of these stories are historically accurate or even true. It can contain myths, legends, fables, prayers, proverbs, and instructions. Like all native American tribes, the Choctaw have an oral storytelling tradition going back generations. Their stories were intended to preserve the tribe’s history and educate the young. For example, the Choctaw oral tradition includes two creation stories: One relates to migration from the west and another to creation from a mound. In addition, the oral tradition includes history as well as life lessons or moral teachings. Most of the Choctaw traditional tales employ animal characters to teach such lessons in a humorous manner. The seanchai were the traditional Irish keepers of story. They would travel from village to village, reciting ancient lore and tales of wisdom. They told the old myths as well as local news and happenings. Tales of kings and heroes are the highlights in the Irish oral tradition. The peoples of sub-Saharan Africa have strong storytelling traditions. In many parts of Africa, after dinner, the villagers gather around a central fire to listen to the storyteller. The griots have long been a vital part of Western African culture: they are storytellers, troubadours, and advisors to kings. They perform the functions of storytellers, genealogists, historians, ambassadors, and more. The griots are traditionally hereditary (世袭的), a profession passed from one generation to the next. There are also griot schools where more formal training can be offered. Both men and women can take up the profession. Today, storytelling and interest in storytelling appear to be making a comeback. As one Irish storyteller puts it, “It’s a need for connection... I think storytelling nurtures connections with people in real life.” 9．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To emphasize the importance of storytelling. B．To explain the artistic feature of storytelling. C．To give a general introduction of storytelling. D．To show the different patterns of storytelling. 10．Which of the following is a feature of the Choctaw traditional tales? A．Recording man’s migration journey. B．Telling of local news and happenings. C．Praising the brave deeds of kings and heroes. D．Using animal characters to educate the young. 11．What can we infer from the storytelling traditions in sub-Saharan Africa? A．Storytellers are popular and receive high pay. B．Storytellers are learned with high social positions. C．Storytellers teach the young generations moral lessons. D．Storytellers play an important role in economic development. 12．What can be the best title for the text? A．Storytelling Is on the Decline B．Storytelling Enjoys a Long History C．Storytelling Keeps Cultures Alive D．Storytelling Is an Attractive Profession 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河南开封·期末） Ever find yourself yawning and reaching for the pillow after only a few chapters of your favorite book? Trust me, I’ve been there too; it appears that reading can indeed tire us out. There are several reasons for this. First of all, reading domains mental effort. Engaging in a cognitive (认知的) activity like roading requires focused mental efforts and intense concentration. As your brain processes unfamiliar words, builds images from the text’s descriptions, and keeps track of multiple characters or concepts, it uses physical energy just like any other part of your body would during physical work. This high level of mental struggle can eventually lead to tiredness over time. Eye strain is also an important factor. Strain occurs when our eyes endure long periods of use without breaks. For instance, following the twisting plot of a mystery novel without pausing can lead to this condition. Eye strain isn’t just about exhaustion though; it brings along symptoms like headaches, blurred vision, twitching eyelids, watery or dry eyes — things that certainly paint a rather awful picture for your otherwise relaxing leisure activity! So next time you wonder why does reading make me tired’, know that your exhausted eyes might be signaling for some well-deserved rest! Even more importantly, reading has a calming effect. As a passionate reader, you might’ve noticed the relaxing power of books. When you read a good story, reality fades and your mind finds peace in the words on pages. The sensation isn’t by accident; reading has a calming effect that can make us tired. Seeing those shapes we recognize as letters and transforming them into meaningful dialogue or narrative requires mental energy. This effort engages your mind in an immensely focused task which might feel relaxing because it’s distracting from other stressors around us — but don’t be mistaken — it’s like running a spiritual marathon! It explains why reading before bed can improve sleep quality. So next time when tiredness surrounds you while halfway through your favorite characters’ tale, embrace its presence knowing it’s just part of the journey. 1．Why does reading make us tired in terms of mental aspect? A．Because reading makes our minds go blank. B．Because reading forces our brains to work slowly. C．Because our brains use energy to process information. D．Because reading makes our brains think about unrelated things. 2．What are the symptoms of eye strain according to the text? A．Aching throat and cough. B．Stomachache and sickness. C．Back pain and muscle ache. D．Headaches, poor sight, discomfort in eyes. 3．The expression “a spiritual marathon” in the last paragraph refers to ______ . A．a long tiring but rewarding mental journey B．a competition that tests one’s spiritual beliefs C．a simple and effortless way of killing the time D．a physical activity that requires great endurance 4．What is the author’s attitude towards reading making people tired? A．Critical. B．Understanding. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江金华·期末）We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading along and suddenly realize that although our eyes are scanning the words on the page, nothing is actually registering. Minutes pass before we realize that we’ve lost the plot entirely. In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical — the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history. In a 2024 study of “mindless reading,” researchers from the University of Würzburg tracked the reading speed and attention of undergraduates studying a complex science text. At multiple points during the exercise, prompts (提示) appeared asking students “Was your mind wandering when you read the last sentence?” Students confirmed multiple instances of loss of attention. Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material, and also predicted poorer performance on later tests. But these problems are not insolvable. The University of Wü rzburg researchers also concluded that when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages — and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading” — they were able to successfully re-route their attention. To convince students of the importance of effective reading strategies, it’s important to explain the long-term benefits of sticking through complex texts. For example, learning how to make sense of a technical science text may help if students decide to work in engineering. The skills they use to make sense of a history text may help in future legal careers. Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.” 5．Students tend to lose their focus while reading if ________. A．the reading text is long B．they are in a classroom C．the reading material is complex D．they are middle or high schoolers 6．Which of the following is a signal of “mindless reading”? A．Reading too quickly. B．Poor performance on tests. C．Changes in reading speed. D．Spending much time reading. 7．What should students do if they experience “mindless reading”? A．Change the reading materials. B．Get to know why they get stuck on passages. C．Learn to notice when their attention wanders. D．Pay more attention to sentence-level information. 8．What is Shanahan’s attitude to helping students push through difficult texts? A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏苏州·期末） Will there be another Harry Potter? Between 1997 and 2007, it seemed like every child was reading J.K. Rowling’s fantasy novels about a teenager’s adventures. Kids worldwide spent long hours reading the thick hardcovers many times. But when digital reading began supplanting print reading, we may never again see another book series attract kids’ attention as Harry Potter did. In addition, the switch to digital reading may be affecting kids’ reading comprehension skills, a recently published study finds. Scientists at the University of Valencia in Spain analyzed 26 previous studies, each exploring the effect of leisure-time digital reading on comprehension. They found that digital reading does improve comprehension skills, but the beneficial effect of deep reading is between six and seven times smaller than that of print reading, and it’s smallest for children. Great exposure to digital reading activities may prevent early readers from building firm reading basics in a critical period. Digital texts tend to be much shorter and have worse linguistic (语言学的) quality compared to printed works. Phones and computers also expose readers to distractions (干扰) from social media, You tube, and video games. Because youth tend to have poor impulse (冲动) control, they are more likely to be distracted than adults when engaging in digital reading. They also are less likely to have mastered vocabulary and grammar rules. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. The more kids are exposed to print reading, the better able they are to understand and recall what they are reading. Moreover, as young readers consume longer and more complex texts, their reading skills improve, further boosting their abilities. It is therefore recommended that parents and teachers limit kids’ time with digital content, or at least emphasize printed works or using basic e-readers with ink-screens. 9．What does the underlined word “supplanting” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Changing. B．Replacing. C．Influencing. D．Aiding. 10．What does the author focus on in the first two paragraphs? A．The loss of deep reading. B．The importance of reading. C．The appeal of print reading. D．The benefits of digital reading. 11．The study finds that print reading can enhance kids’ reading abilities because of __________. A．Parents’ reading skills. B．Social Media’s support. C．Paper’s physical properties. D．Kids’ consumption of easy texts. 12．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Basic e-readers can be promoted. B．Print reading still has a place nowadays. C．Teachers should limit kids’ reading time. D．Parents should emphasize digital reading. 主题03 人与自然——生态保护与环境污染 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·云南昭通·期末） To find food in the darkness, deep-diving whales rely on their built-in sonar, which bounces sound waves off potential prey to reveal their location. But to these whales, plastic junk floating in the ocean may also “sound” just like a delicious squid. A new study suggests plastic pieces like shopping bags bear remarkably similar “echoes” to those of squid — likely due to some combination of their shape, size, degree of weathering, and chemical composition. As it fills marine environments, it’s also showing up in the guts of marine mammals across hundreds of reported cases, damaging their stomach tissues and causing infection, suffocation, and malnutrition (营养不良) to the point of starvation. Washed-up whales carry tens of pounds of plastic trash in their stomachs. In May, the team strung the items to a rig underneath the boat and hit them with sound waves at frequencies that toothed whales use to hunt. They repeated the process on five dead squid bodies provided by a university at Chapel Hill, as well as five squid beaks taken from a stranded sperm whale’s stomach. The team found all tested plastic items returned echoes as strong as or stronger than those from the squid. “They don’t really chew and taste like us… it’s more like suction,” says Laura Redaelli, a Ph. D．student in marine biology and the lead author of the June study. As soon as inedible items enter their mouths, she says, “it’s a little bit too late for them to realize.” And why would they? Before plastic existed, Redaelli and her colleagues note, anything a whale encountered in the deep ocean that returned a strong enough echo was probably biological — and likely edible. And it’s important research, considering the growing amount of junk in the ocean and the consequences to animals who consume it. Plastics manufacturers could try engineering plastics to be less acoustically (听觉上) similar to prey. Another solution might swap existing plastics for biodegradable materials that break down rapidly in the ocean or in whale stomachs. 1．Why do whales confuse plastic for prey? A．They can reveal its location easily. B．Plastic looks like a delicious squid. C．It’s too dark to distinguish plastic from prey. D．Plastic and squids bear the similar returned echoes. 2．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3? A．The process of the research. B．The result of the research. C．The reasons of this phenomenon. D．The potential effects of the research. 3．What can we infer, according to Laura Redaelli? A．Everything is edible after plastic existed. B．Whales can’t recognize plastic timely. C．It’s never too late for whales to realize the plastic. D．Whales chew and taste food before it enters their stomachs. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Solve Plastic Bags in Ocean? B．Why Are Whales Eating Plastic Bags? C．Why does Plastic Bear Similar Sound to Squid? D．What Effects does the Plastic have on Ocean Creatures? Passage 2 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末） Many woodland creatures enjoy eating acorns (橡子), but nothing is quite like the acorn woodpecker (啄木鸟). This medium-sized woodpecker is found across Central America and the western United States. They use their impressive pecking ability to create an incredible storage system for their precious acorns. Acorn woodpeckers create storage trees out of dead branches, trees, houses, or even poles. Used year after year, the birds store their winter food supply in the perfectly formed holes they peck in the dead wood. Given that these impressive food stores can have upwards of 50,000holes, they aren’t just the work of a single acorn woodpecker. The species lives in family groups of up to 12 birds that share nests and even raise chicks together. They also work as a team to build the storage trees, which future generations will use to keep themselves fed throughout the year. While there might be concerns that other animals could find these storage trees and take the acorns for themselves, the woodpeckers ensure that won’t happen. They manage to pack the acorns in so tightly that anyone looking for a free snack would have a hard time removing them from the holes. As the acorns dry out, they become smaller in size, making them easier for the acorn woodpeckers to remove once it’s feeding time. To ensure that nothing is too loose before they’re ready to eat, a member of the group checks all the acorns from time to time and moves any shrunken (皱缩的) acorns to a smaller hole. These complex social behaviors have long attracted scientists, and are widely studied. Though acorn woodpeckers are closely associated with acorns, it’s actually not their primary food source throughout the year. They prefer insects and fruits, relying on their backup food source of acorns to get them through the winter. 5．What’s the main characteristic of acorn woodpeckers according to Paragraph 1? A．Their love for acorns. B．Their ability to peck. C．Their natural habitat. D．Their medium size. 6．What can we know about acorn woodpeckers? A．They live in family groups and work together. B．They store food in holes of living trees. C．Their year-round main food source is the acron. D．They exist across the United States. 7．Why do acorn woodpeckers pack the acorns tightly in the holes? A．To help the acorns dry out faster. B．To let acorns easier to remove later. C．To make the storage trees look neat. D．To prevent other animals taking the acorns. 8．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．The Diet of Acorn Woodpeckers B．The Social Life of Acorn Woodpeckers C．The Acorn Woodpecker’s Family Structure D．The Acorn Woodpecker’s Amazing Acorn Storage Passage 3 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期中） When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to document the coexistence of humans and wildlife, he found a story on the side of the road — a group of bears begging for food. This close encounter led to incredible photographs. But it also emphasizes the hurdles that conservationists (自然环境保护主义者) in Romania and elsewhere face in their efforts to restore and protect wild places. Tourists attracted by the region’s brown bears often give in to the temptation to feed them This can have disastrous effects. Usually shy around people, it takes just a few meals to get bears hooked on human food — and, after that, they don’t stay wild long. Instead, they can become dependent on humans for food, fueling more bear-human run-ins and putting bears in danger when they get too close. This region has seen a rise in bear-human conflicts. In 2023, there were 95 bear incidents, and a hiker was fatally mauled. This prompted officials to raise the annual bear kill quota. Doest also documented an attacked mother bear whose leg had been lost, forced to beg for food along the road. Bears fed by humans become “problem bears”, fueling local opposition to rewilding (再野生化) projects, as more forests mean more bears. While driving on a mountain pass, Doest and his assistant realized the bears were waiting for human handouts. They had completely changed their behavior. Doest saw other examples of how tourists’ handouts had changed the ecosystem. As he watched people feeding bears snacks like doughnuts, he realized the story of conversation in the region was as much about people as wildlife. “It isn’t just about rewilding — it’s about the opportunities and struggles rewilding brings us,” he says. “It’s about how to accept nature in our lives, and how we could benefit if we do it the right way.” So don’t feed the bears. You could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation. 9．What does the underlined word “hurdles” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Challenges. B．Responsibilities. C．Measures. D．Dangers. 10．What is the main reason for the increase in bear-human conflicts in the region? A．The growing number of tourists. B．The expansion of human settlements. C．The bears’ dependence on human food. D．The decrease in natural food sources for bears. 11．Why do some locals oppose rewilding projects? A．They believe that rewilding will attract more tourists. B．They fear that rewilding will harm the local economy. C．They think that rewilding is not effective in protecting wildlife. D．They worry that rewilding will cause more bear-human conflicts. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards feeding bears? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与社会——奥秘探索与社会交往 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二上·江苏南通·期末） In one apartment in Jos, Nigeria, Wuni Bitrus and a dozen students gathered around a table covered with a toolbox, a 12-volt adapter (适配器), and a mix of colored wires. The students’ idea was to build a “smart” door that opens with the touch of a finger. The students chatted in sign language, and Mr. Bitrus signed back. The group discussed using Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, and one student wondered how fingerprints could be stored. Mindful of Nigeria’s electricity problems, Mr. Bitrus advised the group to use a battery-powered keypad lock system first and include a fingerprint feature later. After nodding in agreement, the students excitedly started working. This is one typical scene in a club run by the Deaf Technology Foundation (DTF), a nonprofit co-founded by Mr. Bitrus. It coaches deaf Nigerian children and young adults in computer programming and robotics which are believed to maintain a rising trend in today’s labor market. The students also work to improve their reading skills and receive career guidance. Mr. Bitrus’ desire to change Nigeria’s deaf communities was awakened in 2014. While teaching, he noticed a 13-year-old girl was treated unfairly and he became determined to learn sign language. Three years later, he got funded by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and established DTF. One of the darkest memories that Mercy Samson Grimah, a student of the foundation, has about growing up is looking at the faces of people around her. Ms. Grimah says her private secondary school did not formally teach sign language to her, nor much of anything else. But fortunately, she formed a bond with the Deaf Technology Foundation. “I had never touched a laptop before in my life,” she says. Now, she wants to become a computer scientist. So far, DTF has been struggling to keep the dreams of these students alive, as it can only afford two paid instructors and it is difficult to keep up with the growing number of students. DTF intends to take advantage of Nigeria’s rapid tech development, joining hands with companies on self-driving car technology and automated wheelchairs to secure its existence. 1．What happened in one apartment in Jos? A．A classroom lecture on electronics. B．A debate about door security issues. C．A discussion on fingerprint technology. D．A scene of deaf students doing research. 2．What is the primary goal of DTF? A．To bridge the mental gap for deaf youth. B．To build smart devices for deaf students. C．To create a social platform for deaf students. D．To provide technological aid for deaf students. 3．What aspect of DTF does paragraph 4 focus on? A．Its influence. B．Its objective. C．Its challenges. D．Its origins. 4．What difficulty is DTF experiencing? A．Inaccessible learning materials. B．Shortage of skilled instructors. C．Insufficient financial supports. D．Failure to attract more students. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了位于尼日利亚的聋人技术基金会（DTF）是如何通过自动化和机器人技术帮助聋哑学生学习并提高就业能力，同时面临的挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In one apartment in Jos, Nigeria, Wuni Bitrus and a dozen students gathered around a table covered with a toolbox, a 12-volt adapter(适配器), and a mix of colored wires. The students’ idea was to build a “smart” door that opens with the touch of a finger.(在尼日利亚乔斯的一间公寓里，Wuni Bitrus和十几个学生围坐在一张放满工具箱、12伏适配器和五颜六色电线的桌子旁。这些学生的想法是建造一个用手指触摸就可以打开的“智能”门)”以及根据第二段“The students chatted in sign language, and Mr. Bitrus signed back.(学生们用手语交流，Bitrus先生也用手语回答)”可知，在乔斯的一间公寓里发生的事情是聋哑学生进行的一项研究活动。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“It coaches deaf Nigerian children and young adults in computer programming and robotics which are believed to maintain a rising trend in today’s labor market. The students also work to improve their reading skills and receive career guidance.(该组织为尼日利亚失聪儿童和年轻人提供计算机编程和机器人技术的培训，这两项技术在当今的劳动力市场中被认为是保持上升趋势的。学生们还致力于提高他们的阅读技能，并获得职业指导)”可知，DTF的主要目标是为聋哑学生提供技术援助。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Mr. Bitrus’ desire to change Nigeria’s deaf communities was awakened in 2014. While teaching, he noticed a 13-year-old girl was treated unfairly and he became determined to learn sign language. Three years later, he got funded by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and established DTF.(2014年，比鲁斯改变尼日利亚聋人社区的愿望被唤醒。在教学过程中，他注意到一个13岁的女孩受到了不公平的对待，于是他下定决心要学习手语。三年后，他得到了麻省理工学院的资助，成立了DTF)”可知，第4段关注的是DTF的起源。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So far, DTF has been struggling to keep the dreams of these students alive, as it can only afford two paid instructors and it is difficult to keep up with the growing number of students.(到目前为止，DTF一直在努力维持这些学生的梦想，因为它只能负担得起两个有偿的导师，并且很难跟上不断增长的学生人数)”可知，DTF所面临的困难是财政支持不足。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·山西晋中·期末） Research shows that when social media use is high, depression is also high. But the question is — is that because social media causes that person to be depressed? Or is it because people who are depressed tend to also use social media more, and spend less time exercising and being in green spaces? “That is what we wanted to understand,” says Carol Vidal, the first author of the study, a child and adolescent psychiatrist at Johns Hopkins Children’s Center. In their study, 376 young adults in Canada were asked to complete three online questionnaires between May 2021 and January 2022. At each point, participants self-reported depressive symptoms based on the PHQ-9 — a nine-item scale (表) that is commonly used to measure depression — as well as social media use, green space exposure, and physical activity. Researchers found that participants who had higher social media use tended to be more depressed, and people who were more depressed also tended to use social media more. However, researchers found that social media use did not cause an increase or decrease in depressive symptom levels over time. Researchers also found that higher levels of social media use and higher levels of depressive symptoms were associated with lower levels of green space exposure. In addition, higher eveningness was also associated with higher depressive symptom levels. One study author says these results show social media use and depression are associated, but do not provide evidence that greater social media use predicts an increase in depressive symptoms over time. Other professionals in the team also say these findings indicate people who suffer from depression should be careful about the amount of time they spend on social media and should be encouraged to integrate other healthy habits into their lifestyle. Vidal and other investigators believe there are many aspects to social media, and there are important next steps to learn more about its impact on the mental health of people of all ages, including younger children and adolescents. 5．Why did Carol Vidal conduct the study? A．To explore how depression affects social media use. B．To investigate if green spaces benefit mental health. C．To find the link between social media and depression. D．To determine why social media contributes to depression. 6．How did the researchers measure depression in the study? A．By using a nine-item form called PHQ-9. B．By observing the participants’ daily behavior. C．By asking the participants’ friends and families. D．By analyzing the participants’ social media posts. 7．What do the researchers advise people with depression to do? A．Avoid using mobile phones. B．Develop healthy eating habits. C．Seek professional help regularly. D．Cut down the time on social media. 8．What does the follow-up study aim to find out? A．The types of social media. B．The influence of social media on mental health. C．The popularity of social media among younger children. D．Effective ways to limit social media use among the youth. 【答案】5．C 6．A 7．D 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究表明社交媒体使用与抑郁症存在相关性，但未证明社交媒体使用会导致抑郁症状的加重或减轻，研究人员建议抑郁症患者注意社交媒体使用时间并培养健康生活习惯。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Research shows that when social media use is high, depression is also high. But the question is — is that because social media causes that person to be depressed? Or is it because people who are depressed tend to also use social media more, and spend less time exercising and being in green spaces? “That is what we wanted to understand,” says Carol Vidal (研究表明，当社交媒体的使用率很高时，抑郁症也很严重。但问题是，这是因为社交媒体导致这个人抑郁吗？还是因为抑郁的人也倾向于更多地使用社交媒体，花更少的时间锻炼和呆在绿地上？“这就是我们想要了解的，”Carol Vidal说)”可知，Carol Vidal开展这项研究是为了发现社交媒体和抑郁症之间的联系。故选C项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At each point, participants self-reported depressive symptoms based on the PHQ-9 — a nine-item scale (表) that is commonly used to measure depression — as well as social media use, green space exposure, and physical activity. (在每个时间点，参与者根据PHQ-9，一份通常用于测量抑郁的9项量表，以及社交媒体使用、绿地空间接触和身体活动自我报告抑郁症状)”可知，研究人员通过一个名为PHQ-9的9项量表来测量抑郁。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Other professionals in the team also say these findings indicate people who suffer from depression should be careful about the amount of time they spend on social media and should be encouraged to integrate other healthy habits into their lifestyle. (团队中的其他专业人士也表示，这些发现表明，抑郁症患者应该注意他们花在社交媒体上的时间，并应鼓励他们将其他健康习惯融入他们的生活方式中)”可知，研究人员建议抑郁症患者减少使用社交媒体的时间。故选D项。 8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Vidal and other investigators believe there are many aspects to social media, and there are important next steps to learn more about its impact on the mental health of people of all áges, including younger children and adolescents. (维达尔和其他调查人员认为，社交媒体有很多方面，要进一步了解它对所有年龄段的人的心理健康的影响，包括年幼的儿童和青少年，还有重要的下一步工作要做)”可知，后续研究旨在了解社交媒体对心理健康的影响。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏徐州·期末） People consistently underestimate how much others in their social circle might appreciate an unexpected phone call, text or email just to say hello, and the more surprising the connection, the greater the appreciation, according to a new study. In the study, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh conducted some experiments involving more than 5, 900 participants. In one experiment, half of the participants were asked to recall the last time they reached out to someone in their social circle after a prolonged (长期的) period of not interacting with them. The rest were asked to recall a similar situation where someone reached out to them. Participants were then asked to indicate on a 7-point scale how much either they or the person they reached out to appreciated. People who recalled reaching out thought the gesture was significantly less appreciated than those who recalled receiving a communication. In other experiments, participants sent a short note, or a small gift, to someone in their social circle with whom they had not interacted in a while. Similar to the previous experiment, participants who initiated (发起) contact were asked to rate on a 7-point scale the extent to which they thought the recipient would appreciate or feel grateful for the contact. After the notes or gifts were sent, researchers also asked the recipients to rate their appreciation. Across all experiments, those who initiated the communication significantly underestimated the extent to which recipients would appreciate the act of reaching out. Besides, the researchers found that people receiving the communication placed greater focus than those initiating the communication on the surprise element, and this heightened focus on surprise was associated with higher appreciation. “We also found that people underestimated others’ appreciation to a greater extent when the communication was more surprising, as opposed to part of a regular communication pattern, or the social ties between the two participants were weak,” added lead author Peggy Liu. Initiating social contact after a prolonged period of disconnection can be daunting because people worry about how such a gesture might be received. But these findings suggest that their hesitations may be unnecessary, as others are likely to appreciate being reached out to more than people think. 9．How did the researchers conduct the experiments? A．By listing arguments. B．By giving examples. C．By making assumptions. D．By making comparisons. 10．According to paragraph 3, what were the participants asked to do? A．To rank their appreciation. B．To make an unexpected call. C．To express their thoughts. D．To do the same experiments. 11．Based on the research, who would show higher appreciation? A．One receiving a gift of great value. B．One often contacted by a close friend. C．One connected quite unexpectedly. D．One making regular contacts with others. 12．What does the underlined word “daunting” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Unbearable. B．Discouraging. C．Illogical. D．Immoral. 【答案】7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了查尔斯顿地区的几家酒店及其提供的节日套餐和特色活动，旨在吸引游客在节假日期间入住这些酒店，享受独特的庆祝体验。 7．细节理解题。根据小标题The Spectator Hotel下的“Enjoy a holiday cocktail carefully made by our award-winning mixologist (调酒师), a nightly $10 credit (积分) to The Bar, and a his & hers set from Brackish—one Gatsby bow tie and one pair of Delores Stud Earrings.(品尝由我们屡获殊荣的调酒师精心调制的节日鸡尾酒，每晚享有10美元的酒吧积分，以及来自Brackish的他与她套装——一款盖茨比领结和一对Delores耳钉)”以及小标题Wild Dunes Resort下的“Make your Charleston holiday memorable with our exclusive offer (独家优惠), a fantastic getaway to Charleston’s island resort and receive the following inclusions: accommodations for two nights, two seasonal welcome cocktails at Coastal Provisions, Oyster Catcher, or Sippin’ Santa (only available in December), and $50 resort credit.(凭借我们的独家优惠，让您的查尔斯顿假期变得难忘，这是一次前往查尔斯顿海岛度假村的美妙之旅，并包括以下内容：两晚住宿、在Coastal Provisions、Oyster Catcher或Sippin’ Santa（仅限12月）享用两杯季节性欢迎鸡尾酒，以及50美元的度假村积分)”可知，在The Spectator Hotel和Wild Dunes Resort都提供鸡尾酒。故选C项。 8．细节理解题。根据小标题The Tides at Folly Beach下的“Sip and enjoy the delights of the holidays with two insulated tumblers (水杯) perfect for enjoying steaming hot chocolate on cold nights.(用两个隔热杯啜饮，尽情享受节日的乐趣，这非常适合在寒冷的夜晚享用热气腾腾的热巧克力)”可知，游客可以在The Tides at Folly Beach品尝热气腾腾的巧克力。故选D项。 9．细节理解题。根据小标题The Tides at Folly Beach — Light Up the Holidays下的“Embrace the spirit of the season as you experience the charming Holiday Festival of Lights at James Island County Park, a beloved annual tradition.(在詹姆斯岛县公园迷人的“灯光假期狂欢节”中感受节日的气氛，这是一项备受喜爱的年度传统)”可知，the Holiday Festival of Lights是每年举办一次。故选A项。 10．推理判断题。根据第一段“No matter what your holiday wish is, you’ll find a home here in the Charleston area.(无论您的节日愿望是什么，您都能在查尔斯顿地区找到归宿)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了查尔斯顿地区的几家酒店及其提供的节日套餐和特色活动，所以本文是可能取自旅游指南。故选B项。 主题02 人与自我——自我认知与成长 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·广东广州·期末） Gen Z’s cultural habits are often perceived as screen-focused, but a recent survey by the Booksellers Association challenges this view. It has found that the new generation are more likely than older ones to buy a book based on in-person recommendations from booksellers. UK booksellers have noticed a sharp rise in young readers visiting stores, seeking human interaction rather than relying on algorithm-driven (算法驱动) online recommendations. The Internet, especially BookTok, the corner of TikTok, does have a role to play in bookshops’ popularity. Booksellers agree that social media has helped to promote the bookshop to younger readers who travel from neighbouring towns and cities to visit. However, a resistance to algorithmic recommendations popular on BookTok (as well as online bookstores like Amazon) might be one of the most common things driving young readers into physical bookshops. Almost everyone — both booksellers and young readers — were doubtful about giving BookTok too much credit for the popularity of shopping in physical shops. Some readers said they experienced a kind of “BookTok burnout”, and have actually sought out in-person recommendations as a solution to being pushed the same books. What really draws young readers into bookshops, though, is something more personal. Booksellers say readers come out for signed books and author talks, especially for younger readers wanting to connect with their favourite writers. “I think it’s kind of a misunderstanding that younger people want to do everything online,” Grace Gooda, the manager at Morocco Bound in Bermondsey says. “In our experience... it creates a relationship where they trust our recommendations and might take home something they wouldn’t have seen advertised elsewhere. ” This is what really makes physical bookshops appeal to many younger readers. “Bookshops aren’t just places to buy books, they’re places of community, of gathering and this is something that’s actively promoted by so many bookshops,” Ash, 29, from Yorkshire, says. “Speaking to staff to get book recommendations is often a path into hearing more about the community aspects of bookshops, too — it’s often more than just a book recommendation.” 1．What has the survey found about Gen Z? A．They are keen to live mostly through a screen. B．More and more visit bookstores for new books. C．They value booksellers’ advice more than expected. D．They rely heavily on online book recommendations. 2．What effect does the Internet have on bookshops, according to paragraph 2? A．It replaces the need for physical bookshops. B．It has a significant impact on bookshops’ popularity. C．It drives young readers away from physical bookshops. D．It expands the bookshops’ influence among young readers. 3．Why might young readers resist algorithmic recommendations? A．They are fed up with them. B．They trust advice from authors. C．They prefer to buy books in person. D．They think social media unreliable. 4．Why do physical bookshops appeal to younger readers? A．They sell signed books. B．They provide a deeper connection. C．They offer a wider range of services. D．They create better reading environment. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了实体书店对年轻一代读者的吸引力。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“It has found that the new generation are more likely than older ones to buy a book based on in-person recommendations from booksellers. (调查发现，与年长者相比，新一代人更有可能因为书店店员的当面推荐而购买一本书。)”可知，他们比预期更看重书店店员的建议。故选C。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段“The Internet, especially BookTok, the corner of TikTok, does have a role to play in bookshops’ popularity. Booksellers agree that social media has helped to promote the bookshop to younger readers who travel from neighbouring towns and cities to visit. (互联网，尤其是 BookTok（TikTok 上专门关于书籍的板块），确实在书店的受欢迎程度上起到了一定作用。书商们一致认为，社交媒体有助于向那些从周边城镇赶来光顾的年轻读者推广书店。)”可知，互联网扩大了书店在年轻读者中的影响力。故选D。 3．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Some readers said they experienced a kind of “BookTok burnout”, and have actually sought out in-person recommendations as a solution to being pushed the same books. (一些读者表示，他们经历了一种“BookTok倦怠”，实际上已经开始寻求当面的推荐，以此来摆脱总是被推荐同样的书籍的困扰。)”可知，年轻读者可能对算法推荐感到厌烦。故选A。 4．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中““Bookshops aren’t just places to buy books, they’re places of community, of gathering and this is something that’s actively promoted by so many bookshops,” Ash, 29, from Yorkshire, says. “Speaking to staff to get book recommendations is often a path into hearing more about the community aspects of bookshops, too — it’s often more than just a book recommendation.” (“书店不只是买书的地方，它们还是社区场所、聚会场所，这也是许多书店积极宣传的一点，”来自约克郡的29岁的阿什说，“和店员交流以获取书籍推荐，往往也是了解书店更多社区方面信息的一条途径——这通常不只是得到一个书籍推荐那么简单。”)”可知，实体书店对年轻读者有吸引力是因为它们提供了更深的联系。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·云南曲靖·期末） When you’ve reached the top of your game, where can you go next? It’s a question that troubles the main character of Taylor Jenkins Reid’s latest novel, the 1990s-set tennis drama Carrie Soto Is Back, coming August 30. Carrie, 37, steps out of retirement to reclaim the record that made her a legend, just tied by a young player. With 20 Grand Slams (大满贯) to her name, she’s desperate to live up to the reputation for dominance she once believed was beyond doubt but now feels slipping away, forcing her to reconsider if she’s expecting too much of herself in an attempt to prove her worth to the world. Reid, 38, knows these feelings well. She’s been working for a decade, producing book after book, the last three of which, part of a quartet (四部曲) about famous women, have finally made the author a household name. Carrie Soto is the final book of the bundle. Each of the books centres an aggressive character managing the tensions between her charming life in the public eye and the pressures she feels in private. And each captures a specific time and place, with Reid skilfully collecting small yet meaningful details to help build immersive (身临其境的) worlds. For Carrie Soto, that meant learning about a sport she had barely ever watched, let alone played; reading on game strategy and technique; studying different playing styles and court surfaces; and watching old matches, absorbing the language of commentators. Reid brings this intensity to all her eight books in the last nine years. But now that her quartet is finished, Reid is determined to rest. It’s fitting, then, that the author decided to end the quartet with a story about a woman struggling with her constant pursuit of success — and finally realizing it might just be too much. "This isn’t really a story about whether Carrie can win a Slam," she says. "It’s about whether she can stop climbing mountains." 5．Which of the following can best describe Carrie before she retired? A．Selfish and confident. B．Modest and gentle. C．Determined and ambitious. D．Conservative and demanding. 6．Which of the following is true about the novel? A．It is set in the present. B．The author is a retired tennis player. C．The story discusses how to get to the top. D．It centres a record-holder defending her honour. 7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The leading character of the novel. B．The pressure Carrie faces. C．The efforts Reid put into writing. D．The details of the story’s background. 8．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To tell a tennis player’s story. B．To call attention to famous women. C．To introduce a newly written book. D．To argue for less success addiction. 【答案】5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Taylor Jenkins Reid的最新小说《Carrie Soto Is Back》，并探讨了小说的主题和创作背景。小说讲述了主角Carrie Soto在退役后重新回到网球场，试图捍卫她作为传奇选手的荣誉。文章还通过作者的创作过程，揭示了小说背后关于成功、自我价值和内心压力的深刻主题。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Carrie, 37, steps out of retirement to reclaim the record that made her a legend, just tied by a young player. With 20 Grand Slams（大满贯）to her name, she's desperate to live up to the reputation for dominance she once believed was beyond doubt but now feels slipping away, forcing her to reconsider if she's expecting too much of herself in an attempt to prove her worth to the world.( Carrie，37岁，从退役中复出，试图夺回使她成为传奇的记录——这一记录刚刚被一名年轻选手追平。她拥有20个大满贯冠军头衔，她迫切希望保持曾经被认为不可撼动的统治地位，但现在却感觉这一地位正在逐渐溜走。这迫使她重新考虑，自己是否对自身期望过高，试图向世界证明自己的价值。)”可知，Carrie在退役前是一名传奇网球选手，拥有20个大满贯冠军，并且她渴望捍卫自己的记录，这表明她是一个非常有决心和抱负的人。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段的“It's a question that troubles the main character of Taylor Jenkins Reid's latest novel, the 1990s-set tennis drama Carrie Soto Is Back, coming August 30.(这是Taylor Jenkins Reid最新小说《Carrie Soto Is Back》中主角面临的问题。这部以1990年代为背景的网球小说将于8月30日出版。)”；第二段内容“Carrie, 37, steps out of retirement to reclaim the record that made her a legend, just tied by a young player.( Carrie，37岁，从退役中复出，试图夺回使她成为传奇的记录——这一记录刚刚被一名年轻选手追平。)”和第三段的“Reid, 38, knows these feelings well. She's been working for a decade, producing book after book, the last three of which, part of a quartet（四部曲）about famous women, have finally made the author a household name.( Reid，38岁，对这种感受非常熟悉。她已经工作了十年，一本接一本地创作书籍，其中最近的三部构成了作品一个关于著名女性的四部曲，最终使她成为家喻户晓的作家。)”可知，文章提到小说的背景设定在1990年代（不是现在），因此选项A错误。作者Taylor Jenkins Reid并不是一名退役网球选手，而是通过研究来创作小说的作家，因此选项B错误。小说的核心是Carrie试图捍卫她的记录，而不是讨论如何达到巅峰，因此选项C错误。小说围绕一位记录保持者（Carrie）捍卫她的荣誉展开。故选D。 7．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“For Carrie Soto, that meant learning about a sport she had barely ever watched, let alone played; reading on game strategy and technique; studying different playing styles and court surfaces; and watching old matches, absorbing the language of commentators.(对于《Carrie Soto》来说，这意味着她需要学习一项她几乎从未观看过、更别提参与过的运动；阅读比赛策略和技术；研究不同的打球风格和场地；观看旧比赛，吸收评论员的语言。)”可知，主要描述了作者Taylor Jenkins Reid为了创作这部小说所做的努力，包括学习网球知识、阅读比赛策略和技术、研究不同场地和风格，以及观看旧比赛等。因此，这段的主旨是讲述Reid的创作努力。故选C。 8．推理判断题。总管全文，特别是第一段内容“When you've reached the top of your game, where can you go next? It's a question that troubles the main character of Taylor Jenkins Reid's latest novel, the 1990s-set tennis drama Carrie Soto Is Back, coming August 30. (当你已经站在巅峰，接下来还能去哪里？这是Taylor Jenkins Reid最新小说《Carrie Soto Is Back》中主角面临的问题。这部以1990年代为背景的网球小说将于8月30日出版。)”可知，文章的主要目的是介绍Taylor Jenkins Reid即将出版的新书《Carrie Soto Is Back》，并通过对作者和小说内容的描述，吸引读者的兴趣。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山西运城·期末） How long does it take for a reader to get a book after placing an order in a library of over 8 million? The answer from a new library in suburban Beijing is less than 15 minutes. Located in the eastern district of Tongzhou, Beijing Library has become a popular destination since it opened. It received over 80, 000 visits during the three-day New Year holiday. Book lovers are attracted not only by the library’s architectural design, but also by its large collection of books and smart services. Covering some 75,000 square meters, Beijing Library houses over 8 million books. The towering stacks (书库) on the library’s basement floor contribute to its massive capacity. They are part of the largest single automated storage and retrieval (检索) system for books in China. The stacks have a total storage area of less than 3,000 square meters, yet they can store up to 7.1 million books largely due to their special design. Besides, the smart system includes various types of smart equipment like robots, which enable intelligent book delivery and sorting. The automated book storage and retrieval system functions like the smart brain of the library, enabling an array of highly efficient services that reduce manual labor. Beijing Library is not alone in adopting innovative storage methods. The Suzhou No. 2 Library, which opened in late 2019, was the first Chinese library to apply the smart book storage and retrieval system. To make borrowing books easier, visitors to Beijing Library can register for a seamless (无缝的) borrowing service empowered by facial recognition and other technologies. A digital guide at the library’s entrance also offers on-demand interactions with visitors. Readers who want to avoid travel to the library can use the online borrowing service, which will deliver the book to their doorstep. The library’s online borrowing service is open to readers not only in Beijing but also in neighboring areas. “It’s quite a refreshing experience to visit the library,” says Meng Fan, a local sixth-grader. “The books here enrich our mind, and some of the smart services here can blow our mind.” 9．Which of the following is a reason for Beijing Library’s popularity? A．Its location is convenient. B．Its outer walls are unique. C．It has a large collection of books. D．It is the largest library of Beijing. 10．What do Beijing Library and Suzhou No. 2 Library have in common? A．They both offer a digital guide. B．They both use the facial recognition technology. C．They both adopt special architectural designs. D．They both use the smart book storage and retrieval system. 11．What do we know about the online borrowing service of Beijing Library? A．It is open to readers nationwide. B．It can deliver books in and around Beijing. C．It can only be used by the librarians. D．It still needs to be upgraded. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Smart Service of Beijing Library B．The Popularity of Beijing Library C．The History of Beijing Library D．The Future Development of Beijing Library 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了北京图书馆，包括其受欢迎的原因、藏书量、智能的图书存储和检索系统、便捷的借阅服务等，重点突出了其智能服务。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Book lovers are attracted not only by the library’s architectural design, but also by its large collection of books and smart services.( 引书迷的不仅是图书馆的建筑设计，还有它丰富的藏书和智能的服务。)”可知，北京图书馆吸引读者的原因不仅有建筑设计，还有大量的藏书和智能服务。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Besides, the smart system includes various types of smart equipment like robots, which enable intelligent book delivery and sorting. The automated book storage and retrieval system functions like the smart brain of the library, enabling an array of highly efficient services that reduce manual labor.( 此外，智能系统包括各种类型的智能设备，如机器人，可以实现智能图书交付和分类。自动图书存储和检索系统的功能就像图书馆的智能大脑，可以提供一系列高效的服务，减少人工劳动。)”以及第五段“Beijing Library is not alone in adopting innovative storage methods. The Suzhou No. 2 Library, which opened in late 2019, was the first Chinese library to apply the smart book storage and retrieval system.( 北京图书馆并不是唯一采用创新存储方法的图书馆。苏州第二图书馆于2019年底开馆，是国内首家应用智能图书检索系统的图书馆。)”可知，北京图书馆和苏州第二图书馆都采用了智能图书存储和检索系统。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Readers who want to avoid travel to the library can use the online borrowing service, which will deliver the book to their doorstep. The library’s online borrowing service is open to readers not only in Beijing but also in neighboring areas.( 想要避免去图书馆的读者可以使用在线借阅服务，该服务将把书送到他们家门口。该图书馆的网上借阅服务不仅对北京的读者开放，而且对邻近地区的读者开放。)”可知，北京图书馆的在线借阅服务不仅对北京的读者开放，也对周边地区的读者开放，并且会把书送到读者家门口，也就是它可以在北京及周边地区送书。故选B项。 12．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“It received over 80, 000 visits during the three-day New Year holiday. Book lovers are attracted not only by the library’s architectural design, but also by its large collection of books and smart services.( 在为期三天的新年假期中，它接待了8万多名游客。吸引书迷的不仅是图书馆的建筑设计，还有它丰富的藏书和智能的服务。)”可知，文章主要介绍了北京图书馆，包括其受欢迎的原因、藏书量、智能的图书存储和检索系统、便捷的借阅服务等，重点突出了其智能服务。A选项“北京图书馆的智能服务”能很好地概括文章内容，作为标题合适。故选A项。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护与奥秘探索 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·江苏无锡·期末） Typically, meteors (流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events. As particles of space dust zip through the atmosphere, they create a bright flash before evaporating. However, some meteors leave behind a lasting glow, a phenomenon that astronomers have observed for over a century, though its origins remained unclear. Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails (尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness. This finding challenges previous assumptions that only the brightest and fastest meteors could produce afterglows. Earlier studies suggested these trails were rare, occurring in about 1 in 750 meteors, primarily associated with the brightest examples. On the other hand, some recent observations focused on the Leonid meteor storm (狮子座流星雨) concluded that only the fastest meteors, travelling around 70 kilometres per second, left trails. But these surveys were not accurate. To create a more comprehensive catalog (目录), researchers set up a camera in New Mexico to observe the same section of sky for nearly two years. From October 2021 to July 2023, nearly 7,500 meteors were recorded, with about 850 leaving lasting trails. Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses. The determining factor in leaving trails was found to be the presence of ozone. Meteors penetrating to altitudes of 90 kilometres had a higher likelihood of leaving trails than those that were higher due to the small concentration of ozone (臭氧) at higher altitudes. Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind. 1．What does the underlined word “evaporating” in Para. 1 mean? A．Changing. B．Disappearing. C．Burning. D．Moving. 2．Which plays the major role in the phenomenon according to the systematic survey? A．How fast a meteor travels. B．How bright a meteor appears. C．How high a meteor burns. D．How clearly a meteor is seen. 3．Why are the previous studies’ findings inaccurate? A．The trails are much more ordinary. B．The trails are left by slow meteors. C．The trails are much more lasting. D．The trails are brighter than meteors. 4．What causes the trails to come into existence according to the last paragraph? A．Meteors reacting with atmosphere. B．The lower concentration of ozone. C．Meteors giving off light on their own. D．Wind keeping the trails in the air. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新系统研究发现，流星尾迹的形成主要取决于其燃烧高度（与臭氧反应），而非传统认为的速度或亮度，且尾迹出现频率远超此前预期。 1．词句猜测题。根据上文“Typically, meteors(流星) are blink-and-you’ll-miss-it events.(通常，流星是一闪而过的事件。)”可知，此处强调了流星的短暂性，可推知划线句句意：当太空尘埃颗粒在大气层中快速移动时，它们会在蒸发之前产生一道明亮的闪光。划线词是“消失”的意思。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Now the first systematic survey of these lasting trails(尾迹) reveals that their likelihood depends on the height at which the meteor burns, rather than its speed or brightness.(如今，对这些持久流星轨迹的首次系统性调查表明，其出现的可能性取决于流星燃烧的高度，而非其速度或亮度。)”可知，根据系统的调查，该现象的主要原因是流星燃烧的高度。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Not only were trails more common than expected — about 1 in 8 meteors left a trail, and 1 in 19 lasted longer than five minutes — but trails were left by meteors of all speeds and brightnesses.(不仅流星的轨迹比预期的更为普通常见——大约每8颗流星中就有1颗会留下轨迹，每19颗流星中就有1颗的轨迹持续时间超过 5 分钟——而且各种速度和亮度的流星都留下了轨迹。)”可知，之前的研究结果不准确是因为这些轨迹要普通得多。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Lasting trails form when metals from the meteor react with oxygen, particularly ozone, in the atmosphere. This chemical reaction gives off heat and light, sustaining the glow for tens of minutes, or even up to an hour, creating brilliant, snake-like formations that twist in the wind.(当流星中的金属与大气中的氧气，特别是臭氧反应时，会形成持久的痕迹。这种化学反应会释放热量和光线，持续发光数十分钟，甚至长达一个小时，形成在风中扭曲的蛇形结构。)”可知，是流星与大气的反应导致了尾迹的形成。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·福建莆田·期末） Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates. But across the islands, a wave of innovation is pushing back — blending ancient wisdom with cutting-edge science to protect paradise.​ On Oahu’s north shore, marine biologists and local fishermen have joined forces on the Reef Tender project. Using 3D-printed coral “seeds” made from limestone and recycled oyster shells, they’re restoring damaged reefs. These seeds, shaped like tiny antlers, mimic natural coral structures, allowing baby coral polyps to attach and grow 50% faster than in the wild. What makes it unique? Fishermen, who’ve guarded these waters for generations, now monitor the reefs daily, using a simple app to log growth — turning stewards into scientists.​ In Maui’s rainforests, invasive species like the miconia plant once spread unchecked. Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves. It’s a targeted approach, preserving native flora while honoring the Hawaiian principle of kākoʻo .​ Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative, which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish. Farmers now share real-time data via a community dashboard, balancing crop needs with something in a way that feels both old and new.​ Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined. 5．What is the silent crisis mentioned in the text? A．Overfishing in Hawaii’s waters B．Coral reefs bleaching at alarming rates C．Invasive species destroying rainforests D．Pollution of freshwater streams 6．How does Aloha AirWatch deal with invasive miconia plants? A．By spraying chemicals to kill them B．By using drones to cut them down C．By introducing Hawaiian wasps that feed on them D．By using thermal cameras to burn them 7．What does the Hui o Ka Wai initiative aim to do? A．Revive traditional water management with modern technology B．Build new dams to control water flow in streams C．Expand taro farms to increase crop production D．Protect coral reefs from freshwater pollution 8．What is the author’s attitude towards Hawaii’s efforts to protect nature? A．Critical B．Doubtful C．Praising D．Indifferent 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述夏威夷珊瑚礁白化危机显现，当地通过3D打印珊瑚、无人机控制入侵物种、传统与现代结合管水等创新方式保护自然，效果显著。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Beneath Hawaii’s turquoise waves, a silent crisis unfolds: coral reefs, home to 25% of marine species, are bleaching at alarming rates.(在夏威夷碧绿的海浪之下，一场无声的危机正在上演：作为25%海洋物种栖息地的珊瑚礁，正以惊人的速度白化。)”可知，文中提到的无声危机是珊瑚礁以惊人速度白化。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段“Enter Aloha AirWatch, a drone program with a twist: drones equipped with thermal cameras scan the canopy, identifying invasive plants by their heat signatures. Instead of spraying chemicals, teams deploy biocontrol agents — tiny Hawaiian wasps that feed exclusively on miconia leaves.(Enter Aloha AirWatch，这是一个别出心裁的无人机计划：配备热成像相机的无人机对树冠进行扫描，通过热信号识别入侵植物。工作人员不会喷洒化学药剂，而是投放生物防治媒介 —— 一种只以绢木属叶片为食的小型夏威夷黄蜂。)”可知，Enter Aloha AirWatch通过引入以绢木属叶子为食的夏威夷蜂来应对这种入侵植物。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps most inspiring is the Hui o Ka Wai initiative, which revives traditional Hawaiian water management. Ancient ʻauwai are being restored with modern sensors that track water flow, ensuring streams stay healthy for both taro farms and endangered freshwater fish.(或许最令人振奋的是Hui o Ka Wai计划，该计划复兴了夏威夷传统的水资源管理方式。古老的灌溉渠正通过现代传感器得到修复，这些传感器可以追踪水流，确保芋头农场和濒危淡水鱼的溪流健康。)”可知，该计划旨在用现代技术复兴传统水资源管理。故选A项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hawaii’s lesson is clear: protecting nature thrives when innovation listens — to the land, the sea, and the people who call them home. Here, paradise isn’t just preserved; it’s reimagined.(夏威夷的经验很明确：当创新倾听土地、海洋以及居住在那里的人们的声音时，自然保护就能蓬勃发展。在这里，天堂不仅得到了保护，更被重新塑造。)”可知，作者对夏威夷的自然保护努力持赞赏态度。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·广西·期末） Our planet faces severe environmental threats, mainly due to human activities such as large farming and burning fossil fuels, which lead to climate change and natural disasters. One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is cutting down forests – deforestation. This is done for many reasons, such as providing wood for fuel, making land available for housing or for creating space for more farm animals. This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s largest rainforest. Deforestation there has hit its highest rate in a decade, according to official data. Over the course of a year, an area about five times the size of London has been destroyed. Although deforestation rates in the Amazon and other tropical(热带的) regions have declined, the scale remains vast. In 2018, Global Forest Watch reported that 30 football fields’ worth of forest were cut down every minute. Frances Seymour from the World Resources Institute warns that the overall trend is still upward, indicating we are far from winning the battle against deforestation. Primary forests like the Amazon are crucial for biodiversity, housing rare species and acting as carbon dioxide stores. The loss of 3.6 million hectares in 2018 is alarming. Brazil has taken policies to reduce deforestation, including fines for illegal land use and logging(采伐). International actions against soy and beef trade from deforested Amazon areas have also helped. However, other regions like Ghana and the Democratic Republic of Congo are witnessing increases in deforestation. It appears that only political will and human conscience(良知) can effectively solve this problem and protect our planet. 9．What is the main cause of environmental threats according to the passage? A．Natural disasters. B．Deforestation. C．Climate change. D．Human activities. 10．What is the significance of primary forests like the Amazon? A．They provide fuel wood. B．They are used for farm animals. C．They are home to unique species. D．They are involved in international trade. 11．What measures have been taken to decrease deforestation in Brazil? A．Ignoring land use requirements. B．Encouraging more farm animals. C．Introducing government policies. D．Increasing the rate of deforestation. 12．What is the purpose of writing this text? A．To introduce deforestation. B．To call for action against deforestation. C．To suggest a way to protect the planet. D．To argue the cause of environmental threats. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．C 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了地球面临的环境威胁，特别是森林砍伐这一最具破坏性的活动，以及全球森林砍伐的现状、影响和应对措施。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Our planet faces severe environmental threats, mainly due to human activities such as large farming and burning fossil fuels, which lead to climate change and natural disasters.(我们的星球正面临严峻的环境威胁，这主要归咎于大规模农业生产和燃烧化石燃料等人类活动，这些活动导致了气候变化和自然灾害。)”可知，环境威胁的主要原因是人类活动，如大规模农业和燃烧化石燃料。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Primary forests like the Amazon are crucial for biodiversity, housing rare species and acting as carbon dioxide stores. The loss of 3.6 million hectares in 2018 is alarming.(像亚马逊这样的原始森林对生物多样性至关重要，它们是稀有物种的栖息地，也是二氧化碳的储存库。2018年360万公顷森林的消失令人震惊。)”可知，亚马逊等原始森林的重要性在于是生物多样性的关键载体，为稀有物种提供栖息地。故选C。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Brazil has taken policies to reduce deforestation, including fines for illegal land use and logging(采伐).(巴西已采取政策减少森林砍伐，包括对非法土地使用和伐木进行罚款。)”可知，巴西采取的措施包括政府政策，如对非法土地使用和伐木进行罚款。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，全文不仅介绍了森林砍伐的现状、原因及危害（如导致生物多样性丧失、加剧气候变化），还重点提及巴西的政策措施和国际行动，并在结尾强调“It appears that only political will and human conscience(良知) can effectively solve this problem and protect our planet.(似乎只有政治意愿和人类良知才能有效解决这一问题，保护我们的星球。)”。由此可知，作者通过数据和案例警示问题的严重性，核心目的是呼吁采取行动对抗森林砍伐。故选B。 主题01 人与社会——学科文化与知识融合 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·内蒙古包头·期末） The poetry of William Butler Yeats often touches upon the idea of chucking it all away and heading off somewhere. One of his best-known poems about moving on to another place is “The Lake Isle of Innisfree”, a poem which was first published in 1890 when Yeats was still a young man in his 20s. Innisfree is an island located within Lough Gill, in County Sligo, Ireland. It seems that Yeats wants to forget about the complicated world and get back to nature because the life there will be more spiritually fulfilling and peaceful. This is what “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” is about. In summary, Yeats describes his intention to go to Innisfree and build a small cabin to grow beans and keep bees for honey, and live on his own there. The world is quiet and peaceful at Innisfree. The sound of the birds is the only thing puncturing the peaceful silence of the evening. Inhabiting the town or city as he does, a place marked by pavements, roads, and all the bustle and noise of urban life, he nevertheless feels the earth calling to him. One of the most intriguing features of “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” is the repetitive language Yeats employs to convey meanings. In the poem, the line “I will arise and go now” appears twice. Does the poet really intend to go? Or is the poem merely an expression of his desire to do so, when he knows that he will probably never have the courage to leave the city behind and go into the seclusion (清净) of the lake isle? There is, perhaps, no straightforward answer, nor should there be. 1．What do we know about Innisfree? A．Yeats went there in his 20s. B．It is an imaginary place in Yeats’ poem. C．It can bring peace and spiritual fulfilment. D．Yeats wrote a poem about it after going there. 2．What does the underlined word “puncturing” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Flying. B．Banning. C．Breaking. D．Sweeping. 3．What is the probable intention of using repetitive language in this poem? A．To draw the readers’ attention. B．To express the poet’s hesitation. C．To emphasise the pattern and rhythm. D．To make the language more understandable. 4．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To analyse one of Yeats’ poems. B．To attract people to visit Innisfree. C．To introduce the life story of Yeats. D．To appreciate Yeats’ fantastic writing skills. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了叶芝的著名诗歌《茵尼斯弗利岛》。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Innisfree is an island located within Lough Gill, in County Sligo, Ireland. It seems that Yeats wants to forget about the complicated world and get back to nature because the life there will be more spiritually fulfilling and peaceful. (茵尼斯弗利岛是一座位于爱尔兰斯莱戈郡吉尔湖中的岛屿。叶芝似乎想忘却纷繁复杂的世界，回归自然，因为那里的生活在精神上会更充实、更安宁)”可知，茵尼斯弗利岛能带来内心的平静和精神上的满足。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。画线词所在句的前一句“The world is quiet and peaceful at Innisfree. (在茵尼斯弗利岛，世界是宁静祥和的)”表明这里的世界非常宁静，再结合画线词的上文“The sound of the birds (鸟儿的声音)”和下文“the peaceful silence of the evening (宁静的夜晚)”可推知，鸟儿的声音应该是打破了夜晚的这种宁静，画线词在这里意为“打破”，与Breaking“打破”意思相近。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“One of the most intriguing features of “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” is the repetitive language Yeats employs to convey meanings. In the poem, the line “I will arise and go now” appears twice. Does the poet really intend to go? Or is the poem merely an expression of his desire to do so, when he knows that he will probably never have the courage to leave the city behind and go into the seclusion (清净) of the lake isle? (《茵尼斯弗利岛》这首诗最引人入胜的特点之一，是叶芝运用重复的语言来传达意义。在诗中，“我就要起身走了”这句诗出现了两次。诗人真的打算前往吗？还是说，这首诗仅仅是他表达自己有这样的愿望，而他心里明白，自己可能永远都没有勇气离开城市，隐居到那座湖心小岛上呢)”可推知，诗人通过重复的语言体现出他对于是否真的要去茵尼斯弗利岛的犹豫。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕叶芝的诗歌《茵尼斯弗利岛》展开，介绍了诗的创作背景、诗中描述的岛屿的情况以及诗中运用重复语言的特点等。因此，文章的目的应该是对这首诗进行分析。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·重庆九龙坡·期末） “Mathematical symbolism and metaphor (隐喻) are present in every kind of literature, from fairy tales to War and Peace,” says mathematician Sarah Hart. In Once Upon a Prime, she lays bare some of this hidden math and meaning in a host of poetry, novels and legends. She starts with nursery rhymes, often full of counting — such as One, Two, Buckle My Shoe — showing how numbers go into our very first encounters with the world of words. This is not just through counting but also through the rhythms and rhyme patterns. It’s also through trebling — where a word or phrase is repeated three times, such as “Row, Row, Row Your Boat”. The number three is everywhere in common expressions — “Ready, Set, Go!” or “Learning your ABCs.” It’s also central to story structure. Characters tend to come in threes, too, like The Three Little Pigs, and even in jokes. Hart suggests this emphasis on three has some basis in geometry. Three is the smallest number of sticks that can make a triangle. Therefore the number three is given “a sense of strength and completeness,” Hart writes. For a book about math and literature, it’s not surprising that Hart focuses quite a bit on poetry, which is often defined by patterns of some sort. Perhaps more meaningful is her look at how math also creates the structure of novels. Some readers may wonder if Hart’s love of math simply leads her to find these patterns in literature. But the chances must be extremely high for the examples she presents to be only chance. Hart’s simple breakdowns of both math and literature make the book easy for anyone to follow, no matter their proficiency in either subject. Not everyone will finish the book and discover the mathematical treasures hidden in a book or poem. But that takes little away from the pleasure of reading it. 5．What does the underlined phrase “lays bare” mean in paragraph 1? A．Picks. B．Creates. C．Uncovers. D．Receives. 6．How does Sarah Hart support her opinions in her book? A．By referring to a subject. B．By drawing comparisons. C．By providing examples. D．By using experts’ words. 7．What is a feature of Once Upon a Prime according to the text? A．It highlights the charm of poetry. B．It focuses on the origin of geometry. C．It explains a difficult mathematical theory. D．It reveals the mathematical impact on novels. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Glimpse into Mathematics B．The Hidden Math in Literature C．Strength and Completeness of Numbers D．Mathematical Symbolism and Metaphor 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．D 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数学家莎拉·哈特所著的《昔日盛世》，书中揭示了文学中隐藏的数学元素及意义，并阐述了数学对文学结构的影响。 5．词句猜测题。根据前文“‘Mathematical symbolism and metaphor (隐喻) are present in every kind of literature, from fairy tales to War and Peace,’ says mathematician Sarah Hart.(数学家莎拉·哈特说：“从童话到《战争与和平》，各种文学作品中都存在着数学象征和隐喻)”可知，莎拉·哈特认为文学作品中都存在着数学象征和隐喻，所以划线词所在句“In Once Upon a Prime, she lays bare some of this hidden math and meaning in a host of poetry, novels and legends.(在《昔日盛世》一书中，她lays bare许多诗歌、小说和传说中隐藏的数学和意义)”是指，莎拉·哈特在她作品《昔日盛世》揭示了诗歌、小说和传说中隐藏的数学和意义。划线短语lays bare有“揭露、揭示”之意，与“Uncovers”意思相近。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“She starts with nursery rhymes, often full of counting — such as One, Two, Buckle My Shoe — showing how numbers go into our very first encounters with the world of words.(她从童谣开始讲起，童谣里常常充满了数数的内容，比如《一二，系好鞋带》，展示了数字是如何融入我们最初接触的文字世界的)”，第三段中“The number three is everywhere in common expressions — ‘Ready, Set, Go!’ or ‘Learning your ABCs.’ It’s also central to story structure. Characters tend to come in threes, too, like The Three Little Pigs, and even in jokes.(数字三在常见表达中无处不在——“预备，开始!”或者“学习你的ABC”。它也是故事结构的核心。角色也往往以三个为一组出现，比如《三只小猪》，甚至在笑话里也是如此)”等内容可知，莎拉·哈特在书中通过列举童谣、常见表达、故事等例子来支持她的观点。故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Perhaps more meaningful is her look at how math also creates the structure of novels.(也许更有意义的是，她研究了数学是如何构建小说结构的)”可知，《昔日盛世》这本书揭示了数学对小说的影响。故选D项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“‘Mathematical symbolism and metaphor (隐喻) are present in every kind of literature, from fairy tales to War and Peace,’ says mathematician Sarah Hart. In Once Upon a Prime, she lays bare some of this hidden math and meaning in a host of poetry, novels and legends.(数学家莎拉·哈特说：“从童话到《战争与和平》，各种文学作品中都存在着数学象征和隐喻。”在《昔日盛世》一书中，她揭示了许多诗歌、小说和传说中隐藏的数学和意义)”可知，本文主要介绍了数学家莎拉·哈特在她的著作《从前有个质数》中揭示了诗歌、小说和传说等文学作品中隐藏的数学元素和意义。所以B项“The Hidden Math in Literature(文学中隐藏的数学)”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东日照·期末） Storytelling is universal and is as ancient as humankind. Before there was writing, there was storytelling. It exists (and existed) to entertain, to inform, and to promote cultural traditions and values. Oral storytelling is telling a story through voice and gestures. The oral tradition can take many forms, including epic poems, chants, rhymes, songs, and more. Not all of these stories are historically accurate or even true. It can contain myths, legends, fables, prayers, proverbs, and instructions. Like all native American tribes, the Choctaw have an oral storytelling tradition going back generations. Their stories were intended to preserve the tribe’s history and educate the young. For example, the Choctaw oral tradition includes two creation stories: One relates to migration from the west and another to creation from a mound. In addition, the oral tradition includes history as well as life lessons or moral teachings. Most of the Choctaw traditional tales employ animal characters to teach such lessons in a humorous manner. The seanchai were the traditional Irish keepers of story. They would travel from village to village, reciting ancient lore and tales of wisdom. They told the old myths as well as local news and happenings. Tales of kings and heroes are the highlights in the Irish oral tradition. The peoples of sub-Saharan Africa have strong storytelling traditions. In many parts of Africa, after dinner, the villagers gather around a central fire to listen to the storyteller. The griots have long been a vital part of Western African culture: they are storytellers, troubadours, and advisors to kings. They perform the functions of storytellers, genealogists, historians, ambassadors, and more. The griots are traditionally hereditary (世袭的), a profession passed from one generation to the next. There are also griot schools where more formal training can be offered. Both men and women can take up the profession. Today, storytelling and interest in storytelling appear to be making a comeback. As one Irish storyteller puts it, “It’s a need for connection... I think storytelling nurtures connections with people in real life.” 9．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To emphasize the importance of storytelling. B．To explain the artistic feature of storytelling. C．To give a general introduction of storytelling. D．To show the different patterns of storytelling. 10．Which of the following is a feature of the Choctaw traditional tales? A．Recording man’s migration journey. B．Telling of local news and happenings. C．Praising the brave deeds of kings and heroes. D．Using animal characters to educate the young. 11．What can we infer from the storytelling traditions in sub-Saharan Africa? A．Storytellers are popular and receive high pay. B．Storytellers are learned with high social positions. C．Storytellers teach the young generations moral lessons. D．Storytellers play an important role in economic development. 12．What can be the best title for the text? A．Storytelling Is on the Decline B．Storytelling Enjoys a Long History C．Storytelling Keeps Cultures Alive D．Storytelling Is an Attractive Profession 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了讲故事的普遍性、历史及其在文化传承中的作用。 9．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Storytelling is universal and is as ancient as humankind. Before there was writing, there was storytelling. It exists (and existed) to entertain, to inform, and to promote cultural traditions and values. Oral storytelling is telling a story through voice and gestures. The oral tradition can take many forms, including epic poems, chants, rhymes, songs, and more. Not all of these stories are historically accurate or even true. It can contain myths, legends, fables, prayers, proverbs, and instructions. (故事讲述是普遍存在的，其历史与人类一样悠久。在文字出现之前，就有了故事讲述。它（过去和现在都存在）的目的是为了娱乐、传递信息以及弘扬文化传统和价值观。口头故事讲述是通过声音和手势来讲述故事。口头传统可以有很多形式，包括史诗、吟唱、押韵诗、歌曲等等。并非所有这些故事都是历史上真实发生过的，甚至都不是真实的。它可以包含神话、传说、寓言、祈祷文、谚语以及指示说明)”可知，本段主要介绍了讲故事的普遍性、历史以及它的目的。由此推知，本段的目的是对讲故事做一个总体的介绍。故选C。 10．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Most of the Choctaw traditional tales employ animal characters to teach such lessons in a humorous manner. (大多数乔克托人的传统故事都运用动物角色，以幽默的方式传授这些教训)”可知，乔克托人的传统故事大多使用动物角色以幽默的方式教授生活教训或道德教导。由此可知，使用动物角色教育年轻人是肖托人传统故事的一个特点。故选D。 11．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“The griots have long been a vital part of Western African culture: they are storytellers, troubadours, and advisors to kings. They perform the functions of storytellers, genealogists, historians, ambassadors, and more. The griots are traditionally hereditary (世袭的), a profession passed from one generation to the next. There are also griot schools where more formal training can be offered. Both men and women can take up the profession. (格里奥一直是西非文化中不可或缺的一部分：他们是故事讲述者、游吟诗人，也是国王的顾问。他们履行着故事讲述者、家谱学者、历史学家、大使等多重职责。格里奥的传统是世袭的，这一职业代代相传。还有格里奥学校可以提供更正式的培训。男性和女性都可以从事这一职业)”可知，格里奥是有学问的，社会地位较高。由此推知，在撒哈拉以南非洲，讲故事的人社会地位很高。故选B。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Storytelling is universal and is as ancient as humankind. Before there was writing, there was storytelling. It exists (and existed) to entertain, to inform, and to promote cultural traditions and values. (故事讲述是普遍存在的，其历史与人类一样悠久。在文字出现之前，就有了故事讲述。它（过去和现在都存在）的目的是为了娱乐、传递信息以及弘扬文化传统和价值观)”可知，文章主要讲述了讲故事的普遍性、历史以及它在不同文化中的重要性，特别是在保存和传播文化传统和价值观方面的作用。由此可知，最适合本文的标题是“Storytelling Keeps Cultures Alive (讲故事让文化保持活力)”。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——个人成长与学习策略 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·河南开封·期末） Ever find yourself yawning and reaching for the pillow after only a few chapters of your favorite book? Trust me, I’ve been there too; it appears that reading can indeed tire us out. There are several reasons for this. First of all, reading domains mental effort. Engaging in a cognitive (认知的) activity like roading requires focused mental efforts and intense concentration. As your brain processes unfamiliar words, builds images from the text’s descriptions, and keeps track of multiple characters or concepts, it uses physical energy just like any other part of your body would during physical work. This high level of mental struggle can eventually lead to tiredness over time. Eye strain is also an important factor. Strain occurs when our eyes endure long periods of use without breaks. For instance, following the twisting plot of a mystery novel without pausing can lead to this condition. Eye strain isn’t just about exhaustion though; it brings along symptoms like headaches, blurred vision, twitching eyelids, watery or dry eyes — things that certainly paint a rather awful picture for your otherwise relaxing leisure activity! So next time you wonder why does reading make me tired’, know that your exhausted eyes might be signaling for some well-deserved rest! Even more importantly, reading has a calming effect. As a passionate reader, you might’ve noticed the relaxing power of books. When you read a good story, reality fades and your mind finds peace in the words on pages. The sensation isn’t by accident; reading has a calming effect that can make us tired. Seeing those shapes we recognize as letters and transforming them into meaningful dialogue or narrative requires mental energy. This effort engages your mind in an immensely focused task which might feel relaxing because it’s distracting from other stressors around us — but don’t be mistaken — it’s like running a spiritual marathon! It explains why reading before bed can improve sleep quality. So next time when tiredness surrounds you while halfway through your favorite characters’ tale, embrace its presence knowing it’s just part of the journey. 1．Why does reading make us tired in terms of mental aspect? A．Because reading makes our minds go blank. B．Because reading forces our brains to work slowly. C．Because our brains use energy to process information. D．Because reading makes our brains think about unrelated things. 2．What are the symptoms of eye strain according to the text? A．Aching throat and cough. B．Stomachache and sickness. C．Back pain and muscle ache. D．Headaches, poor sight, discomfort in eyes. 3．The expression “a spiritual marathon” in the last paragraph refers to ______ . A．a long tiring but rewarding mental journey B．a competition that tests one’s spiritual beliefs C．a simple and effortless way of killing the time D．a physical activity that requires great endurance 4．What is the author’s attitude towards reading making people tired? A．Critical. B．Understanding. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了阅读使人疲劳的几个原因。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Engaging in a cognitive (认知的) activity like reading requires focused mental efforts and intense concentration. As your brain processes unfamiliar words, builds images from the text’s descriptions, and keeps track of multiple characters or concepts, it uses physical energy just like any other part of your body would during physical work.(从事像开车这样的认知活动需要集中精神和高度集中注意力。当你的大脑处理不熟悉的单词，根据文本的描述构建图像，并跟踪多个字符或概念时，它就像你身体的任何其他部分在体力劳动时一样消耗体力)”可知，大脑在处理文字和故事元素时消耗能量导致疲劳，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Eye strain isn’t just about exhaustion though; it brings along symptoms like headaches, blurred vision, twitching eyelids, watery or dry eyes — things that certainly paint a rather awful picture for your otherwise relaxing leisure activity!(眼疲劳不仅仅是疲劳所致；它会带来头痛、视力模糊、眼皮抽动、眼睛湿润或干燥等症状——这些症状肯定会给你原本轻松的休闲活动画上一幅相当糟糕的画面！)”可知，眼睛疲劳的症状是头痛、视力差、眼睛不适。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This effort engages your mind in an immensely focused task which might feel relaxing because it’s distracting from other stressors around us(这种努力使你的思想集中在一个高度集中的任务上，这可能会让你感到放松，因为它分散了我们周围其他压力源的注意力)”可知，将看到的字母形状转化为有意义的对话或叙述需要精神能量，这种努力让大脑专注于一项任务，虽有放松之感但也消耗精力，如同跑一场精神马拉松。这表明阅读就像马拉松一样，是一个漫长的过程，故划线部分意思是“长而劳累但有益的精神之旅”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Ever find yourself yawing  and reaching for the pillow after only a few chapters of your favorite  book? Trust me, I’ve been there too; it appears that reading can indeed  tire us out. There are several reasons for this.(你有没有发现自己在看完最喜欢的书的几章后就打哈欠，想要上床睡觉？相信我，我也有过这样的经历；看来阅读确实会使我们疲惫。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江金华·期末）We’ve all had the experience. We’re reading along and suddenly realize that although our eyes are scanning the words on the page, nothing is actually registering. Minutes pass before we realize that we’ve lost the plot entirely. In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical — the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history. In a 2024 study of “mindless reading,” researchers from the University of Würzburg tracked the reading speed and attention of undergraduates studying a complex science text. At multiple points during the exercise, prompts (提示) appeared asking students “Was your mind wandering when you read the last sentence?” Students confirmed multiple instances of loss of attention. Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material, and also predicted poorer performance on later tests. But these problems are not insolvable. The University of Wü rzburg researchers also concluded that when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages — and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading” — they were able to successfully re-route their attention. To convince students of the importance of effective reading strategies, it’s important to explain the long-term benefits of sticking through complex texts. For example, learning how to make sense of a technical science text may help if students decide to work in engineering. The skills they use to make sense of a history text may help in future legal careers. Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.” 5．Students tend to lose their focus while reading if ________. A．the reading text is long B．they are in a classroom C．the reading material is complex D．they are middle or high schoolers 6．Which of the following is a signal of “mindless reading”? A．Reading too quickly. B．Poor performance on tests. C．Changes in reading speed. D．Spending much time reading. 7．What should students do if they experience “mindless reading”? A．Change the reading materials. B．Get to know why they get stuck on passages. C．Learn to notice when their attention wanders. D．Pay more attention to sentence-level information. 8．What is Shanahan’s attitude to helping students push through difficult texts? A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生在阅读复杂或具有技术性的文本时容易分心，并且对其后果进行了分析，提出了解决的方法，并强调培养有效阅读策略的重要性。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In classrooms, students tend to experience this drift (偏移) in attention while reading texts that are challenging or highly technical—the sorts of passages middle schoolers and high schoolers might encounter in science, math, or history.”(在课堂上，学生在阅读具有挑战性或高度技术性的文本时往往会注意力涣散——这类文本可能出现在中学生或高中生的科学、数学或历史内容中)”可知，学生在阅读复杂材料时容易失去注意力。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers found that variations in reading speed, lingering (逗留) on the same passage for long periods, and skipping words were signals that students were struggling to remain focused or to understand the material.(研究人员发现，阅读速度的变化、长时间停留在同一段落，以及跳过单词是学生难以集中注意力或理解材料的信号)”可知，“心不在焉的阅读”的信号是阅读速度发生变化。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“when students were trained to recognize when they lost track of sentence-level information or got stuck on passages—and were taught strategies to “plan, monitor, and regulate their reading”—they were able to successfully re-route their attention.(当学生被训练识别出他们在句子层面上失去信息或在段落中卡住时——并被教授“计划、监控和调节阅读”的策略——他们能够成功地重新集中注意力)”可知，学生应学会识别什么时候注意力涣散了。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Try to make it clear, literacy expert Timothy Shanahan says, that when we teach students how to push through difficult texts, “what we’re really doing is showing them how to gain access to all of these different fields in our society.(试着讲清楚，阅读专家蒂莫西·沙纳汉说，当我们教学生如何克服难懂的文本时，“我们实际上是在向他们展示如何进入我们社会的所有这些不同领域。”)”可知，Shanahan对帮助学生克服困难文本持支持态度。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江苏苏州·期末） Will there be another Harry Potter? Between 1997 and 2007, it seemed like every child was reading J.K. Rowling’s fantasy novels about a teenager’s adventures. Kids worldwide spent long hours reading the thick hardcovers many times. But when digital reading began supplanting print reading, we may never again see another book series attract kids’ attention as Harry Potter did. In addition, the switch to digital reading may be affecting kids’ reading comprehension skills, a recently published study finds. Scientists at the University of Valencia in Spain analyzed 26 previous studies, each exploring the effect of leisure-time digital reading on comprehension. They found that digital reading does improve comprehension skills, but the beneficial effect of deep reading is between six and seven times smaller than that of print reading, and it’s smallest for children. Great exposure to digital reading activities may prevent early readers from building firm reading basics in a critical period. Digital texts tend to be much shorter and have worse linguistic (语言学的) quality compared to printed works. Phones and computers also expose readers to distractions (干扰) from social media, You tube, and video games. Because youth tend to have poor impulse (冲动) control, they are more likely to be distracted than adults when engaging in digital reading. They also are less likely to have mastered vocabulary and grammar rules. With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page. The more kids are exposed to print reading, the better able they are to understand and recall what they are reading. Moreover, as young readers consume longer and more complex texts, their reading skills improve, further boosting their abilities. It is therefore recommended that parents and teachers limit kids’ time with digital content, or at least emphasize printed works or using basic e-readers with ink-screens. 9．What does the underlined word “supplanting” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Changing. B．Replacing. C．Influencing. D．Aiding. 10．What does the author focus on in the first two paragraphs? A．The loss of deep reading. B．The importance of reading. C．The appeal of print reading. D．The benefits of digital reading. 11．The study finds that print reading can enhance kids’ reading abilities because of __________. A．Parents’ reading skills. B．Social Media’s support. C．Paper’s physical properties. D．Kids’ consumption of easy texts. 12．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．Basic e-readers can be promoted. B．Print reading still has a place nowadays. C．Teachers should limit kids’ reading time. D．Parents should emphasize digital reading. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电子阅读的兴起，以及其对孩子们阅读的积极和消极的影响。 9．词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Kids worldwide spent long hours reading the thick hardcovers many times.( 世界各地的孩子们花很长时间反复阅读这本厚厚的精装书。)”以及划线单词句中“... we may never again see another book series attract kids’ attention as Harry Potter did.( ……我们可能再也不会看到像《哈利波特》这样吸引孩子们注意力的系列图书了。)”可知，前后文形成对比，提到数字阅读和纸质阅读，且表示数字阅读开始后，像《哈利・波特》那样吸引孩子注意力的纸质书系列可能不会再出现了，由此可推测“supplanting”意思是“取代”，即数字阅读开始取代纸质阅读，“replace”有“取代”之意。故选B项。 10．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But when digital reading began supplanting print reading, we may never again see another book series attract kids’ attention as Harry Potter did. In addition, the switch to digital reading may be affecting kids’ reading comprehension skills, a recently published study finds.( 但是，当数字阅读开始取代纸质阅读时，我们可能再也不会看到像《哈利波特》这样吸引孩子们注意力的系列图书了。此外，最近发表的一项研究发现，转向数字阅读可能会影响孩子们的阅读理解能力。)”以及第二段中“They found that digital reading does improve comprehension skills, but the beneficial effect of deep reading is between six and seven times smaller than that of print reading, and it’s smallest for children.( 他们发现，数字阅读确实能提高理解能力，但深度阅读的有益效果比纸质阅读小6到7倍，对儿童的影响最小。)”可知，第一段提到数字阅读开始取代纸质阅读，可能不会再有像《哈利・波特》那样吸引孩子的书系列，第二段指出数字阅读对阅读理解技能提升效果不如纸质阅读，尤其是对孩子，综合两段内容，作者重点关注的是深度阅读的缺失，因为数字阅读的兴起影响了孩子像以前那样进行深度阅读。故选A项。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段中“With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. People often link their memory of what they’ve read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.( 在纸上，有一个字面上的手，以及不同页面的视觉地理。人们通常会把他们对所读内容的记忆与书的深度或在书页上的位置联系起来。)”可知，研究发现，纸质阅读可以提高孩子的阅读能力，是因为纸质书的物理特性，这种特性有助于提高孩子的阅读能力。故选C项。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is therefore recommended that parents and teachers limit kids’ time with digital content, or at least emphasize printed works or using basic e-readers with ink-screens.( 因此，建议家长和老师限制孩子接触数字内容的时间，或者至少强调印刷作品或使用基本的带墨水屏幕的电子阅读器。)”可推知，作者在最后一段暗示了在如今，纸质阅读仍然有其存在的价值和地位。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然——生态保护与环境污染 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·云南昭通·期末） To find food in the darkness, deep-diving whales rely on their built-in sonar, which bounces sound waves off potential prey to reveal their location. But to these whales, plastic junk floating in the ocean may also “sound” just like a delicious squid. A new study suggests plastic pieces like shopping bags bear remarkably similar “echoes” to those of squid — likely due to some combination of their shape, size, degree of weathering, and chemical composition. As it fills marine environments, it’s also showing up in the guts of marine mammals across hundreds of reported cases, damaging their stomach tissues and causing infection, suffocation, and malnutrition (营养不良) to the point of starvation. Washed-up whales carry tens of pounds of plastic trash in their stomachs. In May, the team strung the items to a rig underneath the boat and hit them with sound waves at frequencies that toothed whales use to hunt. They repeated the process on five dead squid bodies provided by a university at Chapel Hill, as well as five squid beaks taken from a stranded sperm whale’s stomach. The team found all tested plastic items returned echoes as strong as or stronger than those from the squid. “They don’t really chew and taste like us… it’s more like suction,” says Laura Redaelli, a Ph. D．student in marine biology and the lead author of the June study. As soon as inedible items enter their mouths, she says, “it’s a little bit too late for them to realize.” And why would they? Before plastic existed, Redaelli and her colleagues note, anything a whale encountered in the deep ocean that returned a strong enough echo was probably biological — and likely edible. And it’s important research, considering the growing amount of junk in the ocean and the consequences to animals who consume it. Plastics manufacturers could try engineering plastics to be less acoustically (听觉上) similar to prey. Another solution might swap existing plastics for biodegradable materials that break down rapidly in the ocean or in whale stomachs. 1．Why do whales confuse plastic for prey? A．They can reveal its location easily. B．Plastic looks like a delicious squid. C．It’s too dark to distinguish plastic from prey. D．Plastic and squids bear the similar returned echoes. 2．What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3? A．The process of the research. B．The result of the research. C．The reasons of this phenomenon. D．The potential effects of the research. 3．What can we infer, according to Laura Redaelli? A．Everything is edible after plastic existed. B．Whales can’t recognize plastic timely. C．It’s never too late for whales to realize the plastic. D．Whales chew and taste food before it enters their stomachs. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Solve Plastic Bags in Ocean? B．Why Are Whales Eating Plastic Bags? C．Why does Plastic Bear Similar Sound to Squid? D．What Effects does the Plastic have on Ocean Creatures? 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了深海鲸鱼如何通过声呐系统寻找食物，但由于塑料垃圾的回声与鱿鱼相似，导致鲸鱼误食塑料，进而对它们的健康造成严重危害。文章还提到了一些可能的解决方案。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study suggests plastic pieces like shopping bags bear remarkably similar “echoes” to those of squid—likely due to some combination of their shape, size, degree of weathering, and chemical composition.(一项新研究表明，塑料袋等塑料制品与鱿鱼的回声非常相似，这可能是由于它们的形状、大小、风化程度和化学成分的综合作用)”可知，塑料和鱿鱼的回声相似，导致鲸鱼误食。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据第三段“In May, the team strung the items to a rig underneath the boat and hit them with sound waves at frequencies that toothed whales use to hunt. They repeated the process on five dead squid bodies provided by a university at Chapel Hill, as well as five squid beaks taken from a stranded sperm whale’s stomach. The team found all tested plastic items returned echoes as strong as or stronger than those from the squid.(五月，研究团队将塑料制品挂在船下的装置上，并用齿鲸捕猎时使用的频率对它们发射声波。他们重复了这一过程，对由教堂山大学提供的五只死鱿鱼尸体以及从一只搁浅的抹香鲸胃中取出的五只鱿鱼喙进行了测试。研究团队发现，所有测试的塑料制品返回的回声与鱿鱼的回声一样强，甚至更强。）可知，该段主要描述了研究的过程。故选A 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“As soon as inedible items enter their mouths, she says, “it’s a little bit too late for them to realize.”(她表示，一旦不可食用的物品进入它们的口中，“它们意识到时已经有点晚了”)”可知，鲸鱼无法及时识别塑料。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。主要讲述了深海鲸鱼如何通过声呐系统寻找食物，但由于塑料垃圾的回声与鱿鱼相似，导致鲸鱼误食塑料，进而对它们的健康造成严重危害。文章还提到了一些可能的解决方案。故B项“为什么鲸鱼要吃塑料袋？”切题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·安徽·期末） Many woodland creatures enjoy eating acorns (橡子), but nothing is quite like the acorn woodpecker (啄木鸟). This medium-sized woodpecker is found across Central America and the western United States. They use their impressive pecking ability to create an incredible storage system for their precious acorns. Acorn woodpeckers create storage trees out of dead branches, trees, houses, or even poles. Used year after year, the birds store their winter food supply in the perfectly formed holes they peck in the dead wood. Given that these impressive food stores can have upwards of 50,000holes, they aren’t just the work of a single acorn woodpecker. The species lives in family groups of up to 12 birds that share nests and even raise chicks together. They also work as a team to build the storage trees, which future generations will use to keep themselves fed throughout the year. While there might be concerns that other animals could find these storage trees and take the acorns for themselves, the woodpeckers ensure that won’t happen. They manage to pack the acorns in so tightly that anyone looking for a free snack would have a hard time removing them from the holes. As the acorns dry out, they become smaller in size, making them easier for the acorn woodpeckers to remove once it’s feeding time. To ensure that nothing is too loose before they’re ready to eat, a member of the group checks all the acorns from time to time and moves any shrunken (皱缩的) acorns to a smaller hole. These complex social behaviors have long attracted scientists, and are widely studied. Though acorn woodpeckers are closely associated with acorns, it’s actually not their primary food source throughout the year. They prefer insects and fruits, relying on their backup food source of acorns to get them through the winter. 5．What’s the main characteristic of acorn woodpeckers according to Paragraph 1? A．Their love for acorns. B．Their ability to peck. C．Their natural habitat. D．Their medium size. 6．What can we know about acorn woodpeckers? A．They live in family groups and work together. B．They store food in holes of living trees. C．Their year-round main food source is the acron. D．They exist across the United States. 7．Why do acorn woodpeckers pack the acorns tightly in the holes? A．To help the acorns dry out faster. B．To let acorns easier to remove later. C．To make the storage trees look neat. D．To prevent other animals taking the acorns. 8．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．The Diet of Acorn Woodpeckers B．The Social Life of Acorn Woodpeckers C．The Acorn Woodpecker’s Family Structure D．The Acorn Woodpecker’s Amazing Acorn Storage 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了橡子啄木鸟的生活习性、储存食物的方式、社会行为以及它们与橡子的关系。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“This medium-sized woodpecker is found across Central America and the western United States. They use their impressive pecking ability to create an incredible storage system for their precious acorns.(这种中等大小的啄木鸟遍布中美洲和美国西部。它们用它们令人印象深刻的啄食能力为它们珍贵的橡子创造了一个令人难以置信的储存系统)”可知，橡子啄木鸟的主要特征是它们令人印象深刻的啄食能力。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“The species lives in family groups of up to 12 birds that share nests and even raise chicks together. They also work as a team to build the storage trees, which future generations will use to keep themselves fed throughout the year.(该物种生活在多达12只鸟的家庭群体中，它们共享巢穴，甚至一起抚养小鸡。他们还组成一个团队来建造储存树，后代将用这些树来保证自己全年的食物供应)”可知，橡子啄木鸟以家庭为单位生活，一起工作。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段“While there might be concerns that other animals could find these storage trees and take the acorns for themselves, the woodpeckers ensure that won’t happen. They manage to pack the acorns in so tightly that anyone looking for a free snack would have a hard time removing them from the holes.(虽然人们可能会担心其他动物会发现这些储存树并将橡子占为己有，但啄木鸟确保不会发生这种情况。他们设法把橡子塞得很紧，以至于任何想要免费零食的人都很难把橡子从洞里拿出来)”可知，橡子啄木鸟把橡子紧紧地塞在洞里是为了防止其他动物拿走橡子。故选D项。 8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many woodland creatures enjoy eating acorns (橡子), but nothing is quite like the acorn woodpecker (啄木鸟). This medium-sized woodpecker is found across Central America and the western United States. They use their impressive pecking ability to create an incredible storage system for their precious acorns.(许多森林生物都喜欢吃橡子，但没有什么比得上橡子啄木鸟。这种中等大小的啄木鸟遍布中美洲和美国西部。它们用它们令人印象深刻的啄食能力为它们珍贵的橡子创造了一个令人难以置信的储存系统)”以及纵观全文可知，全文围绕橡子啄木鸟独特的橡子存储系统展开，包括协作建造存储树、防盗措施及社会行为，所以D项“橡子啄木鸟惊人的橡子储存”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·浙江杭州·期中） When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to document the coexistence of humans and wildlife, he found a story on the side of the road — a group of bears begging for food. This close encounter led to incredible photographs. But it also emphasizes the hurdles that conservationists (自然环境保护主义者) in Romania and elsewhere face in their efforts to restore and protect wild places. Tourists attracted by the region’s brown bears often give in to the temptation to feed them This can have disastrous effects. Usually shy around people, it takes just a few meals to get bears hooked on human food — and, after that, they don’t stay wild long. Instead, they can become dependent on humans for food, fueling more bear-human run-ins and putting bears in danger when they get too close. This region has seen a rise in bear-human conflicts. In 2023, there were 95 bear incidents, and a hiker was fatally mauled. This prompted officials to raise the annual bear kill quota. Doest also documented an attacked mother bear whose leg had been lost, forced to beg for food along the road. Bears fed by humans become “problem bears”, fueling local opposition to rewilding (再野生化) projects, as more forests mean more bears. While driving on a mountain pass, Doest and his assistant realized the bears were waiting for human handouts. They had completely changed their behavior. Doest saw other examples of how tourists’ handouts had changed the ecosystem. As he watched people feeding bears snacks like doughnuts, he realized the story of conversation in the region was as much about people as wildlife. “It isn’t just about rewilding — it’s about the opportunities and struggles rewilding brings us,” he says. “It’s about how to accept nature in our lives, and how we could benefit if we do it the right way.” So don’t feed the bears. You could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation. 9．What does the underlined word “hurdles” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Challenges. B．Responsibilities. C．Measures. D．Dangers. 10．What is the main reason for the increase in bear-human conflicts in the region? A．The growing number of tourists. B．The expansion of human settlements. C．The bears’ dependence on human food. D．The decrease in natural food sources for bears. 11．Why do some locals oppose rewilding projects? A．They believe that rewilding will attract more tourists. B．They fear that rewilding will harm the local economy. C．They think that rewilding is not effective in protecting wildlife. D．They worry that rewilding will cause more bear-human conflicts. 12．What is the author’s attitude towards feeding bears? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Indifferent. 【答案】9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了摄影记者Jasper Doest在罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山的所见所闻，强调了人类活动对野生动物的影响以及保护野生环境的挑战。 9．词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“When photojournalist Jasper Doest arrived in the Transylvanian Alps to document the coexistence of humans and wildlife, he found a story on the side of the road — a group of bears begging for food. This close encounter led to incredible photographs. But it also emphasizes the hurdles that conservationists (自然环境保护主义者) in Romania and elsewhere face in their efforts to restore and protect wild places. (当摄影记者Jasper Doest抵达特兰西瓦尼亚阿尔卑斯山，记录人类与野生动物共存的场景时，他在路边发现了一个故事——一群熊在乞求食物。这次近距离的遭遇让他拍摄到了令人惊叹的照片。但这同时也凸显了罗马尼亚和其他地方的环保人士在恢复和保护野生环境方面所面临的hurdles)”可知，一群熊在乞求食物，而不是自己寻找食物，这反应了自然环境保护主义者在恢复和保护野生环境方面所面临的挑战，hurdles的含义是“挑战”，与“Challenges(挑战)”意思相符。故选A。 10．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Usually shy around people, it takes just a few meals to get bears hooked on human food — and, after that, they don’t stay wild long. Instead, they can become dependent on humans for food, fueling more bear-human run-ins and putting bears in danger when they get too close. This region has seen a rise in bear-human conflicts. (棕熊通常对人类很害羞，但只要吃过几次人类的食物，它们就会上瘾——之后，它们就不会再保持野性多久。相反，它们可能会变得依赖人类获取食物，这会导致更多熊与人类的冲突，而当它们靠得太近时，熊也会陷入危险。该地区熊与人类的冲突已经有所增加)”可知，该地区熊与人冲突增加的主要原因是熊对人类食物的依赖。故选C。 11．推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Bears fed by humans become “problem bears”, fueling local opposition to rewilding (再野生化) projects, as more forests mean more bears. (被人类喂食的熊变成了“问题熊”，这加剧了当地对再野生化项目的反对，因为更多的森林意味着更多的熊)”可知，一些当地人反对再野生化项目是因为他们担心这会导致更多的熊与人之间的冲突。故选D。 12．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“So don’t feed the bears. You could save an animal’s life, and a community’s commitment to wildlife conservation. (所以不要给熊喂食。你可能会挽救一个动物的生命，以及一个社区对野生动物保护的承诺)”可知，作者对喂熊的态度是否定的。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $