专题01 阅读理解“4+1”限时练AB卷（全国通用）-2026年高考英语二轮零失误必刷题

2026年高考英语二轮零失误必刷题 专题01 阅读理解“4+1”限时练AB卷（限时40分钟）原卷版 一、限时训练小窍门 1.专属时间：找一节课（40分钟），掐准时间，安静专注训练。 2.先易后难：虽然试题位置固定，但是做题顺序可以灵活调整。 3.做题留痕：先画题干关键词，再锁定答题区间，定位到段落。 4.同义替换：高度重视材料原文与选项之间同义替换命题思路。 5.重视文本：注重文本结构研究，重视首尾段和段首句的作用。 6.长难分析：使用括号法标出从句非谓语和介词短语化繁为简。 7.慎重修改：相信第一感觉，一般不轻易修改自己原有的答案。 8.积累技巧：积累四大题型答题微技能并在实践中去摸索完善。 9.错题复盘：尖子生都重视错因归类是定位不准还是词汇障碍。 10.词汇积累：打造专属词汇本，收集高频单词、词块乃至句式。 二、限时训练记录卡（A卷） 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 介绍美国四个雕塑公园的相关信息 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 深耕家具修复领域并实现自我价值 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 科学家开发AI智能模型预测太阳风 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 光污染使鸟类唱歌时间延长的研究 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 介绍如何培养个人诚信的四种策略 ________/12.5 三、限时训练记录卡（B卷） 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 欧美大城市共享出行存在问题及对策 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 偶然的观鸟之旅带来的思考以及变化 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 社交点赞按钮极具吸引力的原因探秘 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 精准农业技术的研发应用及生态价值 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 肢体语言定义及改善肢体语言的办法 ________/12.5 阅读理解“4+1”限时练A卷（限时40分钟） 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Public Sculpture Parks to Visit in America Kasmin Sculpture Garden (New York City) This quiet sculpture garden in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood is far from the crowds. Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery, this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line. It is designed by Future Green, a Brooklyn, landscape architect studio, and it stands beside a famous building designed by Zaha Hadid. There’s a current exhibition featuring bronze (铜) sculptures by Alma Allen, which shows the artist’s regard for Utah. Olympic Sculpture Park (Seattle) This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by Alexander Calder called Eagle, as well as Wake by Richard Serra. Since 2007, this waterfront park has brought creativity to Elliott Bay. The landscape design fits in with the local roads and skyline, facing the harbor in what’s recognized as Seattle’s largest downtown green space. Storm King Art Center (New Windsor) By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York, it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley. Since opening in 1960, it has grown to include dozens of sculptures that change over time. In its collection, the park owns sculptures by famous artists including Carl Andre, Louise Bourgeois, and Daniel Buren. Tippet Rise Art Center (Fishtail) This sculpture garden is worth the trip to the Beartooth Mountains in Fishtail. It is a 12,500-acre ranch (牧场), which is peppered with public art, including sculptures by Mark Di Suvero, among others. This summer, the ranch will be open to those who are hiking or traveling by bike. 21．What can be learned about the garden in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood? A．It is run by Kasmin Gallery. B．It is designed by Zaha Hadid. C．It has become a part of the High Line. D．It stands for Alma Allen’s respect for Utah. 22．What is the most notable feature of the Storm King Art Center? A．Its fixed artworks. B．Unique architectural design. C．Ever-changing sculptures display. D．Annual landscape design changes. 23. Which park advocates for hiking and cycling this summer? A. Kasmin Sculpture Garden. B. Olympic Sculpture Park. C. Storm King Art Center. D. Tippet Rise Art Center. B John Hartnett’s path to becoming a skilled furniture restorer was unexpected. Unlike many of his classmates who thrived (取得成功) in traditional academic settings, John often felt out of place. “I wasn’t a bad student, but I didn’t connect with how things were taught,” he says. He believed his future was somewhere else, but he didn’t know where until a school woodworking project sparked (激发) a deep and immediate passion within him. This initial interest led him to pursue formal training in furniture making and restoration. It was during this period that he truly understood the depth of the craft. He learned not only the skills, but also the patience and respect for the material. For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future. After finishing his training, John started his own workshop. His days are now spent bringing damaged and aging furniture back to its former glory. The work is challenging, requiring careful analysis and a steady hand. However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job. Looking back, John feels he has found his true calling. He has built a meaningful career by doing the work he truly loves, combining his hands-on skill with a deep appreciation for history and family memories. He believes that in our fast-paced world, the act of restoring and valuing well-made old objects is a powerful statement. It’s a reminder of quality, sustainability, and the lasting stories that connect us all. 24. What motivated John to pursue his furniture career? A. The job market for skillful restorers. B. The need to escape academic settings. C. The woodworking experience at school. D. The desire to thrive in furniture making. 25. What did John value most during his training? A. Grasping historical values of furniture. B. Winning awards for his technical skills. C. Mastering the latest craft to design tools. D. Learning to manage a workshop efficiently. 26. What is the biggest reward for John in his job? A. Global fame. B. Flexible schedules. C. Competitive salaries. D. Clients’ satisfaction. 27. What message does John’s experience deliver? A. Time reveals the character. B. Passion fuels a meaningful life. C. Tradition holds the key to innovation. D. Success depends on advanced tools. C Scientists have recently developed an artificial intelligence model that can forecast solar wind speeds up to four days in advance, significantly more accurately than current methods. Their research was recently published in a famous scientific journal called The Astrophysical Journal supplement Series. Solar wind is a continuous stream of charged particles (带电粒子) from the Sun. Its density (密度) and speed change during periods of solar activity. When these particles speed up, they can cause “space weather” events that disrupt Earth’s atmosphere and drag satellites out of orbit, damage their electronic equipment, and cause power problems on Earth. In 2022, one such unexpectedly strong solar wind event caused SpaceX to lose forty Starlink satellites shortly after launch, showing the urgent need for better forecasts. The research team, led by Dattaraj Dhuri and Shravan Hanasoge, trained their AI model using high-resolution (高分辨率) images from Solar Dynamics Observatory, combined with historical records of solar wind. Instead of analyzing texts, like today’s popular AI language models, the system analyzes images of the Sun to identify patterns linked to solar wind changes. This new method improves forecast accuracy by 45 percent compared to current models and 20 percent over past AI-based approaches. Dr. Dhuri, the lead researcher, stated that this is a major step forward in protecting the satellites, navigation systems, and power networks that modern life depends on. By combining advanced AI with solar observations, scientists can now give early warnings to protect critical technology on Earth and in space. The breakthrough shows how AI can help solve a tough problem in space science: predicting the solar wind. With more reliable forecasts, scientists and engineers can better prepare for space weather events, keeping critical networks safe. 28. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Improve. B. Disturb. C. Protect. D. Weaken. 29. Why does the author mention the SpaceX incident in paragraph 2? A. To clarify the concept of solar activity. B. To promote space exploration progress. C. To display former satellite design errors. D. To emphasize the necessity of forecasts. 30. How did the new AI model get trained? A. By processing text-based solar wind reports. B. By analyzing solar images and historical data. C. By monitoring the improvements in accuracy. D. By combining records and AI-based approaches. 31. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A science news report. B. A geography textbook. C. An AI research paper. D. An official document. D A behavioral analysis of nearly 600 bird species suggests that light pollution from human development can lengthen the time birds spend singing by nearly an hour per day. The significant extension took the researchers by surprise. “While we expected some behavioral adjustment to the lights at night, we didn’t anticipate that it would be this impactful,” says Neil Gilbert, an ecologist at Oklahoma State University. Gilbert and Brent Pease, a wildlife ecologist at Southern Illinois University, wanted to know about light pollution’s effects on birds on a much larger scale. The researchers used data from Bird Weather, a global citizen science project. Volunteers use audio sensors to record bird sounds that machine learning then analyzes to identify the species making each sound. After filtering (筛选) the dataset for 4.4 million calls, the team studied the daily start and end times of the singing activity of 583 bird species, comparing those times and the local light pollution levels. In the brightest places, birds extended their singing time by an average of 50 minutes compared with the darkest — by 18 minutes in the morning and 32 minutes in the evening. The effect was particularly strong among bird species with larger eyes, such as a killdeer, possibly because they’re more sensitive to light overall. The effect was also greater during the breeding (繁殖) season, possibly because this is when birds naturally start singing earlier in what are normally darker morning hours. If they live in light-polluted areas, streetlamps and artificial light in the early morning might fool them into thinking it’s later than it is, further encouraging them to sing earlier. It’s still unclear whether the extended singing is harmful to birds. It might disturb their sleep, though they might balance by sleeping during the day, Gilbert says. For Pease, the findings help illustrate just how extensive even passive influences from humanity are upon wildlife. “Our lights, which we cast more or less mindlessly into the night, are having widespread and often subtle (微妙的) effects on all the lives of animals around us.” 32. What’s the original source of the data in the researchers’ study? A. Bird sounds from laboratory settings. B. Bird sounds from historical records. C. Bird sounds in their natural habitats. D. Bird sounds made by machine learning. 33. How do birds normally behave during the breeding season? A. They start singing earlier than usual. B. They choose to nest in darker places. C. They tend to wake up more often. D. They prefer to sing less than usual. 34. What does Pease suggest about human lights in the last paragraph? A. Their existence poses ongoing health risks to humans. B. They have broad yet subtle effects on all animals. C. They benefit birds by extending their singing time. D. Their impact on animals is minimal and controllable. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Artificial Light Has Lengthened Birds’ Sleep B. Birds Work Longer During Breeding Seasons C. Bird Species Are Declining Due to Pollution D. Light Pollution Makes Birds Sing Overtime 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Develop Personal Integrity Personal integrity involves being the best, most honest and morally-sound version of yourself. 36 When you work on improving it, you enrich your own life and improve the lives of others. Here are several effective ways to strengthen it. Live with honesty and keep your promises. 37 If you are dishonest or misleading with others, you cannot live a life of integrity. Part of being honest with others also includes keeping any promises that you make. A broken promise is effectively a lie, and lying is inconsistent with living with integrity. 38 You cannot live a life of integrity without being mindful of and concerned for others. A lack of compassion can result in selfishness and damaged relationships. Try to be understanding of how others feel. Be kind in daily interactions—for example, greet a hard-working cashier warmly. Create a personal mission statement for your life. A good way to ensure that you are living a life of integrity is to lay out a list for yourself. Write out your goals and values, and think hard about what kind of person you want to be. 39 Whenever you feel uncertain, your mission statement should help ground you and remind you of the person you hope to become. Finally, maintain a dedication to your values. Your values guide you through life and may change as you grow, but what matters most is never compromising them. Focus on what truly matters to you, and let those values determine how you treat others and make decisions. 40 Integrity is not achieved overnight, but through constant practicing, you can become a person truly worthy of trust and respect. A. Show compassion and empathy towards others. B. Keep this list in a visible place and review it daily. C. Honesty is one of the most important aspects of integrity. D. Your integrity may stem from your beliefs or goals in life. E. Being honest is equally important when living with integrity. F. However, flexibility in values can sometimes lead to greater success. G. After all, genuine values should not be abandoned just for convenience. 阅读理解“4+1”限时练B卷（限时40分钟） 限时训练记录卡 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 欧美大城市共享出行存在问题及对策 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 偶然的观鸟之旅带来的思考以及变化 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 社交点赞按钮极具吸引力的原因探秘 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 精准农业技术的研发应用及生态价值 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 肢体语言定义及改善肢体语言的办法 ________/12.5 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Shared mobility: Making travel easier for all In many big cities in Europe and the US, it might seem like we’ve achieved cheap and easy mobility for everyone — just use your phone to find shared e-bikes and electric cars. But if you’re elderly, living in a low-income area or imagine without a smartphone or credit card, using these shared services becomes much more difficult. Here is a survey reporting barriers to using bike sharing. Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this, but various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reach underserved communities. By combining economic support, grassroots innovation, and empathetic design, these efforts aim to make mobility available to everyone, reduce reliance on private vehicles, and ensure fair access for all. “You tend to plan for what you know. That’s why it’s so important to bring in different views in the development of mobility.” says Lina Mosshammer, founder and CEO of the Austrian mobility consulting company Point&. 21. What percentage of lower income people express concern on safety in the survey? A. 24%. B. 27%. C. 42%. D. 88%. 22. Which solution involves the idea of recycling used bikes? A. Public-Sector Intervention. B. Technology Adaptation. C. Community-Centric Design. D. Non-Profit Innovation. 23. What does Mosshammer stress to address the challenge? A. Increasing urban mobility. B. Offering affordable alternatives. C. Integrating diverse viewpoints. D. Consulting with the users beforehand. B Last September, I drove to a protected wetland near my home in Oakland, California. It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone. In some birding circles, people claim anyone who looks at birds is a birder. I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder. Birding has significantly increased the time spent outdoors. It has motivated me to explore Oakland in ways I never would have. While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled. I also feel a much deeper connection to the natural world, which I have long written about but always remained slightly distant from. These recent years have taught me that I’m smaller when I’m not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence. It’s easy to perceive birding as something you do when you’re not working, not being productive, and even an escape from reality. Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted (使分心) by small, unimportant matters. I don’t need to know who the main characters are on social media and what everyone is commenting on them, when I can instead spend an hour trying to locate a rare bird. 24. Why did the author think the journey to the wetland special? A. He protected bird species there. B. He fell in love with birding again. C. He made his true start as a birder. D. He completed his writing during it. 25. What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Attentive. B. Subject. C. Resistant. D. Sensitive. 26. What lesson does the author probably learn? A. Outdoor pursuits are a must-have. B. Self-care can help fuel self-worth. C. Happiness serves as the core of life. D. Productivity defines personal value. 27. How does the author view birding according to the last paragraph? A. A complete engagement with reality. B. A temporary escape from busy life. C. A training in focus and observation. D. A substitute for online activities. C Statistically speaking, you’ve probably already pressed a like button several times today. If you’re under 20 years old, you may press it even more. Perhaps you recently posted on social media platforms and are eagerly checking as the like count rises on your phone. But what makes the like button so appealing to us? According to Nicholas Christakis, a sociologist and physician at Yale University, it is because “the like button is built, in a very deep and distant way, on the back of evolutionary (进化的) biology”. All animals learn and evolve as they interact with a challenging world, but only certain of them have the ability to learn from the experience of other individuals. “Social learning” showed great evolutionary benefits, allowing human ancestors to raise their chances of survival by avoiding the mistakes they saw others making, and copying the successful moves. This helps explain why human beings are often affected by “homophily” (同质偏好), a preference for people we consider as similar to ourselves. Just as birds of a feather flock together (物以类聚), a vast amount of research has shown that humans have a deep-seated preference to respond positively to sameness. This tendency can lead to prejudice, but it is also connected to humans’ powerful advantage of social learning. There are other consequences of an evolved social learning ability. They include our habits of expressing gratitude and acknowledging — essentially saying “thank you for letting me learn from you”. Because we are happy to get clues about threats and to gain opportunities, we receive knowledge in a fashion that will encourage more of it to come our way. In turn, we as givers respond to that positive confirmation. It’s what keeps us sharing what we discover. All this explains why we have grown to welcome liking and being liked. It’s just not possible for something to become so popular without being connected with something fundamental in our biology. 28. How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A. By making a comparison. B. By asking pointed questions. C. By explaining an assumption. D. By presenting a social phenomenon. 29. What does the author say about “homophily”? A. It has both harm and benefits. B. It’s the key to social learning. C. It’s far from well-documented. D. It helps to express preferences. 30. Why do humans tend to say thanks? A. To gain more opportunities. B. To deepen social interaction. C. To respond to positive feedback. D. To boost more knowledge sharing. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Discovery: Humans Evolve to Like “Likes” B. Social Learning: A Real Evolutionary Advantage C. Like Buttons: The Main Driver of Social Media D. Interpretation: Homophily Shapes Human Behavior D Precision agriculture (精准农业) represents a crucial advancement in contemporary farming. One innovative application employs real-time imaging to visualize (使显现) how tiny drops of liquid are forming on plant surfaces. Different from conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and application of pesticides (杀虫剂) across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs. This development originated from the work of Vishnu Jayaprakash, who had some family exposure to the process of spraying (喷洒) crops and recognized that the main challenge in that process is how to make water-based sprays interact effectively with surfaces of plants, which is influenced by various factors including the design of the device, the temperature, wind and other conditions at the time of spraying. To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system. It can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the spraying solution on the target plants to determine what adjustments are needed. The system can be used to make changes in order to get the spray coverage “just right.” This allows farmers to use only 20-30% of the product per acre while maintaining key functions like pest control, fertilization, and growth regulation. The advancement in precision agriculture is helping farmers reduce costs while maintaining crop protection. Susan Scheufele, a researcher at the University of Massachusetts, has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for removing cotton leaves, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum application rate that is recommended on the product label. The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings. Despite the fact that this technology still has a long way to go, its adoption ensures that chemical remains in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety. 32. What can be learned about precision agriculture in paragraph 1? A. It visualizes plants more clearly. B. It uses pesticides more accurately. C. It continuously monitors plant growth. D. It estimates the need of the entire field. 33. How does Jayaprakash’s two-camera system address the challenge? A. By choosing various spraying equipment. B. By calculating the amount of pesticide required. C. By making adjustments to enhance spray efficiency. D. By using imaging to monitor the temperature and wind. 34. What can be the conclusion of Susan Scheufele’s field trials? A. The technology is workable with less costs. B. The technology is useless for removing leaves. C. The technology is only suitable for some plants. D. The technology needs to be improved for better results. 35. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To solve pesticide spraying problems. B. To help farmers reduce their costs. C. To introduce a new agricultural technology. D. To explain a technology’s working principle. 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. 36 They can impact how people judge you in the workplace. Becoming aware of the body language you use when communicating can help you ensure your message is being delivered effectively. Here are some steps you can take to improve your body language. Make eye contact It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. 37 A simple strategy to ensure you’re maintaining the right amount of eye contact is to look into the person’s eyes long enough to take note of their eye color before looking away. This strategy ensures you make proper eye contact for a length of time that’s natural and comfortable to both parties. Relax your shoulders One step you can take to improve your body language is to relax your shoulders, allowing them to drop to a comfortable height. Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. 38 Be aware of where they are currently sitting and allow them to drop to a natural position. Nod from time to time Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. 39 Also, it makes them know that you agree with or are interested in the message they’re sharing, which can help to increase their confidence. Smile from the bottom of your heart Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. 40 A. A sincere smile can brighten up the darkest day. B. However, it’s important to avoid making too much. C. Body language can be confusing in different cultures. D. They include things like gestures, tone of voice, and eye contact. E. It’s a good way to encourage them to continue what they’re saying. F. Similarly, ones that are too low can give the impression that you’re sad. G. Turning up the corners of your mouth slightly can give you a calm and pleasant look. 试卷第10页，共11页 试卷第11页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年高考英语二轮零失误必刷题 专题01 阅读理解“4+1”限时练AB卷（限时40分钟）解析版 一、限时训练小窍门 1.专属时间：找一节课（40分钟），掐准时间，安静专注训练。 2.先易后难：虽然试题位置固定，但是做题顺序可以灵活调整。 3.做题留痕：先画题干关键词，再锁定答题区间，定位到段落。 4.同义替换：高度重视材料原文与选项之间同义替换命题思路。 5.重视文本：注重文本结构研究，重视首尾段和段首句的作用。 6.长难分析：使用括号法标出从句非谓语和介词短语化繁为简。 7.慎重修改：相信第一感觉，一般不轻易修改自己原有的答案。 8.积累技巧：积累四大题型答题微技能并在实践中去摸索完善。 9.错题复盘：尖子生都重视错因归类是定位不准还是词汇障碍。 10.词汇积累：打造专属词汇本，收集高频单词、词块乃至句式。 二、限时训练记录卡（A卷） 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 介绍美国四个雕塑公园的相关信息 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 深耕家具修复领域并实现自我价值 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 科学家开发AI智能模型预测太阳风 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 光污染使鸟类唱歌时间延长的研究 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 介绍如何培养个人诚信的四种策略 ________/12.5 三、限时训练记录卡（B卷） 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 欧美大城市共享出行存在问题及对策 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 偶然的观鸟之旅带来的思考以及变化 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 社交点赞按钮极具吸引力的原因探秘 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 精准农业技术的研发应用及生态价值 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 肢体语言定义及改善肢体语言的办法 ________/12.5 阅读理解“4+1”限时练A卷（限时40分钟） 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Public Sculpture Parks to Visit in America Kasmin Sculpture Garden (New York City) This quiet sculpture garden in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood is far from the crowds. Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery, this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line. It is designed by Future Green, a Brooklyn, landscape architect studio, and it stands beside a famous building designed by Zaha Hadid. There’s a current exhibition featuring bronze (铜) sculptures by Alma Allen, which shows the artist’s regard for Utah. Olympic Sculpture Park (Seattle) This outdoor park was created by the nearby Seattle Art Museum and features a large red sculpture by Alexander Calder called Eagle, as well as Wake by Richard Serra. Since 2007, this waterfront park has brought creativity to Elliott Bay. The landscape design fits in with the local roads and skyline, facing the harbor in what’s recognized as Seattle’s largest downtown green space. Storm King Art Center (New Windsor) By far the most popular sculpture park in upstate New York, it is a 500-acre sculpture park in Hudson Valley. Since opening in 1960, it has grown to include dozens of sculptures that change over time. In its collection, the park owns sculptures by famous artists including Carl Andre, Louise Bourgeois, and Daniel Buren. Tippet Rise Art Center (Fishtail) This sculpture garden is worth the trip to the Beartooth Mountains in Fishtail. It is a 12,500-acre ranch (牧场), which is peppered with public art, including sculptures by Mark Di Suvero, among others. This summer, the ranch will be open to those who are hiking or traveling by bike. 21．What can be learned about the garden in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood? A．It is run by Kasmin Gallery. B．It is designed by Zaha Hadid. C．It has become a part of the High Line. D．It stands for Alma Allen’s respect for Utah. 22．What is the most notable feature of the Storm King Art Center? A．Its fixed artworks. B．Unique architectural design. C．Ever-changing sculptures display. D．Annual landscape design changes. 23. Which park advocates for hiking and cycling this summer? A. Kasmin Sculpture Garden. B. Olympic Sculpture Park. C. Storm King Art Center. D. Tippet Rise Art Center. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个雕塑公园的相关信息。 21. 细节理解题。根据Kasmin Sculpture Garden (New York City)部分中的“This quiet sculpture garden in Manhattan’s Chelsea neighborhood is far from the crowds. Owned and operated by Kasmin Gallery, this exhibition space can be viewed from the nearby High Line. (这座位于曼哈顿切尔西区的安静雕塑花园远离人群。这个展览空间由Kasmin Gallery拥有和运营，可以从附近的High Line观看。)”可知，Kasmin Sculpture Garden由Kasmin Gallery运营。故选A项。 22. 细节理解题。根据Storm King Art Center (New Windsor)部分中的“Since opening in 1960, it has grown to include dozens of sculptures that change over time. (自1960年开放以来，它已经发展到拥有几十座雕塑，这些雕塑随着时间的推移而变化。)”可知，随着时间的推移而变化的雕塑这是其最显著的特点，是其他几个雕塑公园所不具备的。故选C项。 23. 细节理解题。根据Tippet Rise Art Center (Fishtail)部分中的“This summer, the ranch will be open to those who are hiking or traveling by bike. (今年夏天，农场将对徒步或骑自行车旅行的人开放。)”可知，该公园今年夏天提倡徒步和骑行。故选D项。 B John Hartnett’s path to becoming a skilled furniture restorer was unexpected. Unlike many of his classmates who thrived (取得成功) in traditional academic settings, John often felt out of place. “I wasn’t a bad student, but I didn’t connect with how things were taught,” he says. He believed his future was somewhere else, but he didn’t know where until a school woodworking project sparked (激发) a deep and immediate passion within him. This initial interest led him to pursue formal training in furniture making and restoration. It was during this period that he truly understood the depth of the craft. He learned not only the skills, but also the patience and respect for the material. For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future. After finishing his training, John started his own workshop. His days are now spent bringing damaged and aging furniture back to its former glory. The work is challenging, requiring careful analysis and a steady hand. However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job. Looking back, John feels he has found his true calling. He has built a meaningful career by doing the work he truly loves, combining his hands-on skill with a deep appreciation for history and family memories. He believes that in our fast-paced world, the act of restoring and valuing well-made old objects is a powerful statement. It’s a reminder of quality, sustainability, and the lasting stories that connect us all. 24. What motivated John to pursue his furniture career? A. The job market for skillful restorers. B. The need to escape academic settings. C. The woodworking experience at school. D. The desire to thrive in furniture making. 25. What did John value most during his training? A. Grasping historical values of furniture. B. Winning awards for his technical skills. C. Mastering the latest craft to design tools. D. Learning to manage a workshop efficiently. 26. What is the biggest reward for John in his job? A. Global fame. B. Flexible schedules. C. Competitive salaries. D. Clients’ satisfaction. 27. What message does John’s experience deliver? A. Time reveals the character. B. Passion fuels a meaningful life. C. Tradition holds the key to innovation. D. Success depends on advanced tools. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了John Hartnett从对传统学术环境不适应，因一次学校木工项目激发热情，进而深耕家具修复领域并开创自己工作室，最终实现职业价值的故事。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“He believed his future was somewhere else, but he didn’t know where until a school woodworking project sparked a deep and immediate passion within him.(他认为自己的未来在别处，但直到一个学校木工项目立刻在他心中激发起强烈的热情，他才找到了方向。)”可知，是学校的木工经历促使John从事家具行业。故选C。 25. 细节理解题。 根据第二段“For John, restoration was far more than simple repair; it was a process of uncovering history. Each piece of furniture, with its unique scratches and wear, told a story of past times. He felt a sense of responsibility to preserve these stories for the future.(对John来说，修复远不只是简单的修补；这是一个发掘历史的过程。每件家具都带着独特的划痕和磨损，诉说着过去的故事。他觉得自己有责任为未来留存这些故事。)”可知，John在培训期间最看重的是领会家具的历史价值。故选A。 26. 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, the greatest reward comes from the emotional connection he builds with his clients. Often, they bring items of great emotional value — a grandmother’s favorite chair or a table around which a family has gathered for decades. Seeing their joyful reactions upon seeing a cherished piece restored is, for John, the most satisfying part of his job.(然而，最大的回报来自他与客户建立的情感联系。他们通常会带来具有巨大情感价值的物品——祖母最喜欢的椅子或几十年来一家人围坐在一起的桌子。对约翰来说，看到他们看到一件珍贵的作品被修复后的快乐反应是他工作中最令人满意的部分。)”可知，John工作中最大的回报是客户的满意。故选D。 27. 推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“Looking back, John feels he has found his true calling. He has built a meaningful career by doing the work he truly loves, combining his hands-on skill with a deep appreciation for history and family memories.(回首往事，约翰觉得他找到了自己真正的使命。他通过做自己真正热爱的工作，将自己的动手能力与对历史和家庭记忆的深刻理解相结合，建立了一个有意义的职业生涯。)”可知，John的经历传递出“热情成就有意义的人生”这一信息。故选B。 C Scientists have recently developed an artificial intelligence model that can forecast solar wind speeds up to four days in advance, significantly more accurately than current methods. Their research was recently published in a famous scientific journal called The Astrophysical Journal supplement Series. Solar wind is a continuous stream of charged particles (带电粒子) from the Sun. Its density (密度) and speed change during periods of solar activity. When these particles speed up, they can cause “space weather” events that disrupt Earth’s atmosphere and drag satellites out of orbit, damage their electronic equipment, and cause power problems on Earth. In 2022, one such unexpectedly strong solar wind event caused SpaceX to lose forty Starlink satellites shortly after launch, showing the urgent need for better forecasts. The research team, led by Dattaraj Dhuri and Shravan Hanasoge, trained their AI model using high-resolution (高分辨率) images from Solar Dynamics Observatory, combined with historical records of solar wind. Instead of analyzing texts, like today’s popular AI language models, the system analyzes images of the Sun to identify patterns linked to solar wind changes. This new method improves forecast accuracy by 45 percent compared to current models and 20 percent over past AI-based approaches. Dr. Dhuri, the lead researcher, stated that this is a major step forward in protecting the satellites, navigation systems, and power networks that modern life depends on. By combining advanced AI with solar observations, scientists can now give early warnings to protect critical technology on Earth and in space. The breakthrough shows how AI can help solve a tough problem in space science: predicting the solar wind. With more reliable forecasts, scientists and engineers can better prepare for space weather events, keeping critical networks safe. 28. What does the underlined word “disrupt” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Improve. B. Disturb. C. Protect. D. Weaken. 29. Why does the author mention the SpaceX incident in paragraph 2? A. To clarify the concept of solar activity. B. To promote space exploration progress. C. To display former satellite design errors. D. To emphasize the necessity of forecasts. 30. How did the new AI model get trained? A. By processing text-based solar wind reports. B. By analyzing solar images and historical data. C. By monitoring the improvements in accuracy. D. By combining records and AI-based approaches. 31. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A science news report. B. A geography textbook. C. An AI research paper. D. An official document. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家开发AI模型预测太阳风，提升预测准确性。 28. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“When these particles speed up, they can cause “space weather” events that disrupt Earth’s atmosphere and drag satellites out of orbit, damage their electronic equipment, and cause power problems on Earth.(当这些粒子加速时，它们会导致“太空天气”事件，这些事件会disrupt地球大气层，使卫星脱离轨道，损坏其电子设备，并在地球上造成电力问题)”可知，带电粒子加速会造成太空天气事件，这些事件会对地球大气层、卫星、电子设备以及地球上的电力造成不良影响，由此可推知，此处表示带电粒子会“扰乱”地球大气层。所以disrupt意为“扰乱”，与Disturb意思相近。故选B。 29. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“In 2022, one such unexpectedly strong solar wind event caused SpaceX to lose forty Starlink satellites shortly after launch, showing the urgent need for better forecasts.(2022 年，一次如此突如其来的强太阳风事件导致SpaceX公司的40 颗星链卫星在发射后不久失效，这凸显了对更精准预报的迫切需求)”可推知，作者提及SpaceX卫星受损事件，是为了举例说明太阳风的危害，进而强调更精准预报的必要性。故选D。 30. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The research team, led by Dattaraj Dhuri and Shravan Hanasoge, trained their AI model using high-resolution images from Solar Dynamics Observatory, combined with historical records of solar wind.(由Dattaraj Dhuri和Shravan Hanasoge领导的研究团队使用来自太阳动力学观测站的高分辨率图像，结合太阳风的历史记录来训练他们的AI模型)”可知，新的AI模型是通过分析太阳图像和历史数据来训练的。故选B。 31. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Scientists have recently developed an artificial intelligence model that can forecast solar wind speeds up to four days in advance, significantly more accurately than current methods.(科学家近期研发出一款人工智能模型，能够提前至多四天预报太阳风速，其精准度远超现有方法)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家最近开发出的一种人工智能模型，该模型能够提前四天预测太阳风速度，且比现有方法准确得多，并介绍了这一模型的相关信息。由此可推测出，这篇文章最有可能摘自一篇科学新闻报道。故选A。 D A behavioral analysis of nearly 600 bird species suggests that light pollution from human development can lengthen the time birds spend singing by nearly an hour per day. The significant extension took the researchers by surprise. “While we expected some behavioral adjustment to the lights at night, we didn’t anticipate that it would be this impactful,” says Neil Gilbert, an ecologist at Oklahoma State University. Gilbert and Brent Pease, a wildlife ecologist at Southern Illinois University, wanted to know about light pollution’s effects on birds on a much larger scale. The researchers used data from Bird Weather, a global citizen science project. Volunteers use audio sensors to record bird sounds that machine learning then analyzes to identify the species making each sound. After filtering (筛选) the dataset for 4.4 million calls, the team studied the daily start and end times of the singing activity of 583 bird species, comparing those times and the local light pollution levels. In the brightest places, birds extended their singing time by an average of 50 minutes compared with the darkest — by 18 minutes in the morning and 32 minutes in the evening. The effect was particularly strong among bird species with larger eyes, such as a killdeer, possibly because they’re more sensitive to light overall. The effect was also greater during the breeding (繁殖) season, possibly because this is when birds naturally start singing earlier in what are normally darker morning hours. If they live in light-polluted areas, streetlamps and artificial light in the early morning might fool them into thinking it’s later than it is, further encouraging them to sing earlier. It’s still unclear whether the extended singing is harmful to birds. It might disturb their sleep, though they might balance by sleeping during the day, Gilbert says. For Pease, the findings help illustrate just how extensive even passive influences from humanity are upon wildlife. “Our lights, which we cast more or less mindlessly into the night, are having widespread and often subtle (微妙的) effects on all the lives of animals around us.” 32. What’s the original source of the data in the researchers’ study? A. Bird sounds from laboratory settings. B. Bird sounds from historical records. C. Bird sounds in their natural habitats. D. Bird sounds made by machine learning. 33. How do birds normally behave during the breeding season? A. They start singing earlier than usual. B. They choose to nest in darker places. C. They tend to wake up more often. D. They prefer to sing less than usual. 34. What does Pease suggest about human lights in the last paragraph? A. Their existence poses ongoing health risks to humans. B. They have broad yet subtle effects on all animals. C. They benefit birds by extending their singing time. D. Their impact on animals is minimal and controllable. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Artificial Light Has Lengthened Birds’ Sleep B. Birds Work Longer During Breeding Seasons C. Bird Species Are Declining Due to Pollution D. Light Pollution Makes Birds Sing Overtime 【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了光污染使鸟类唱歌时间延长，并探讨了这一现象及其影响。 32. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The researchers used data from Bird Weather, a global citizen science project. Volunteers use audio sensors to record bird sounds that machine learning then analyzes to identify the species making each sound.(研究人员使用了Bird Weather全球公民科学项目的数据。志愿者使用音频传感器记录鸟类声音，然后机器学习对这些声音进行分析，以识别发出每种声音的物种。)”可知，研究人员的数据来源于志愿者用音频传感器记录的鸟类声音，这些声音是鸟类在自然栖息地发出的。故选C。 33. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The effect was also greater during the breeding (繁殖) season, possibly because this is when birds naturally start singing earlier in what are normally darker morning hours.(这种影响在繁殖季节也更大，可能是因为在这个季节，鸟类通常会在较暗的清晨更早地开始鸣叫。)”可知，在繁殖季节，鸟类通常比平时更早开始鸣叫。故选A。 34. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For Pease, the findings help illustrate just how extensive even passive influences from humanity are upon wildlife. “Our lights, which we cast more or less mindlessly into the night, are having widespread and often subtle (微妙的) effects on all the lives of animals around us.”(对于Pease来说，这些发现有助于说明人类对野生动物的影响是多么广泛，即使是被动的影响也是如此。“我们的灯光，或多或少是无意识地投射到夜晚，对我们周围所有动物的生命都有着广泛而微妙的影响。”)”可知，Pease认为人类灯光对所有动物都有广泛而微妙的影响。故选B。 35. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“A behavioral analysis of nearly 600 bird species suggests that light pollution from human development can lengthen the time birds spend singing by nearly an hour per day.(一项对近600种鸟类的行为分析表明，人类发展带来的光污染会使鸟类每天唱歌的时间延长近一个小时。)”可知，文章主要讲述了光污染使鸟类唱歌时间延长，并探讨了这一现象及其影响。“Light Pollution Makes Birds Sing Overtime(光污染使鸟类唱歌时间延长)”最符合文章主旨，可以作为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Develop Personal Integrity Personal integrity involves being the best, most honest and morally-sound version of yourself. 36 When you work on improving it, you enrich your own life and improve the lives of others. Here are several effective ways to strengthen it. Live with honesty and keep your promises. 37 If you are dishonest or misleading with others, you cannot live a life of integrity. Part of being honest with others also includes keeping any promises that you make. A broken promise is effectively a lie, and lying is inconsistent with living with integrity. 38 You cannot live a life of integrity without being mindful of and concerned for others. A lack of compassion can result in selfishness and damaged relationships. Try to be understanding of how others feel. Be kind in daily interactions—for example, greet a hard-working cashier warmly. Create a personal mission statement for your life. A good way to ensure that you are living a life of integrity is to lay out a list for yourself. Write out your goals and values, and think hard about what kind of person you want to be. 39 Whenever you feel uncertain, your mission statement should help ground you and remind you of the person you hope to become. Finally, maintain a dedication to your values. Your values guide you through life and may change as you grow, but what matters most is never compromising them. Focus on what truly matters to you, and let those values determine how you treat others and make decisions. 40 Integrity is not achieved overnight, but through constant practicing, you can become a person truly worthy of trust and respect. A. Show compassion and empathy towards others. B. Keep this list in a visible place and review it daily. C. Honesty is one of the most important aspects of integrity. D. Your integrity may stem from your beliefs or goals in life. E. Being honest is equally important when living with integrity. F. However, flexibility in values can sometimes lead to greater success. G. After all, genuine values should not be abandoned just for convenience. 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养个人诚信，并给出了几种有效的方法。 36. 上文“Personal integrity involves being the best, most honest and morally-sound version of yourself. (个人诚信包括成为最好的、最诚实的、道德健全的自己)”提到个人诚信与诚实有关，D选项“Your integrity may stem from your beliefs or goals in life. (你的诚信可能源于你生活中的信仰或目标)”进一步说明诚信的来源，承接上文，且选项中的“integrity”与上文一致。故选D项。 37. 下文“If you are dishonest or misleading with others, you cannot live a life of integrity. Part of being honest with others also includes keeping any promises that you make.(如果你对别人不诚实或误导别人，你就不能过一种正直的生活。对他人诚实的部分也包括遵守你做出的任何承诺)”说明了诚实对个人诚信的重要性，C选项“Honesty is one of the most important aspects of integrity.(诚实是诚信最重要的方面之一)”引出下文，指出诚实是诚信的重要组成部分，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 38. 下文“You cannot live a life of integrity without being mindful of and concerned for others. A lack of compassion can result in selfishness and damaged relationships.(如果你不关心和体贴别人，你就不能过一种正直的生活。缺乏同情心会导致自私和人际关系受损)”说明了同情心对个人诚信的重要性，A选项“Show compassion and empathy towards others.(对他人表现出同情和同理心)”引出下文，指出要对他人表现出同情和同理心，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 39. 上文“Create a personal mission statement for your life. A good way to ensure that you are living a life of integrity is to lay out a list for yourself. Write out your goals and values, and think hard about what kind of person you want to be.(为你的生活制定一个个人使命宣言。确保你过一种正直的生活的一个好方法就是为自己列一份清单。写出你的目标和价值观，并认真思考你想成为什么样的人)”建议制定个人使命宣言，B选项“Keep this list in a visible place and review it daily.(把这份清单放在显眼的地方，每天复习)”承接上文，说明应该把这份清单放在显眼的地方，并且每天复习，以提醒自己，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 40. 上文“Finally, maintain a dedication to your values. Your values guide you through life and may change as you grow, but what matters most is never compromising them.(最后，坚持你的价值观。你的价值观指引你度过一生，可能会随着你的成长而改变，但最重要的是永远不要妥协它们)”建议坚持自己的价值观，不要妥协，G选项“After all, genuine values should not be abandoned just for convenience.(毕竟，真正的价值观不应该仅仅为了方便而放弃)”承接上文，进一步解释了为什么要坚持自己的价值观，不要为了方便而放弃，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 阅读理解“4+1”限时练B卷（限时40分钟） 限时训练记录卡 目录 主题 摘要 得分 阅读A篇 人与社会 欧美大城市共享出行存在问题及对策 ________/7.5 阅读B篇 人与自我 偶然的观鸟之旅带来的思考以及变化 ________/10 阅读C篇 人与社会 社交点赞按钮极具吸引力的原因探秘 ________/10 阅读D篇 人与自然 精准农业技术的研发应用及生态价值 ________/10 七选五 人与自我 肢体语言定义及改善肢体语言的办法 ________/12.5 第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Shared mobility: Making travel easier for all In many big cities in Europe and the US, it might seem like we’ve achieved cheap and easy mobility for everyone — just use your phone to find shared e-bikes and electric cars. But if you’re elderly, living in a low-income area or imagine without a smartphone or credit card, using these shared services becomes much more difficult. Here is a survey reporting barriers to using bike sharing. Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this, but various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reach underserved communities. By combining economic support, grassroots innovation, and empathetic design, these efforts aim to make mobility available to everyone, reduce reliance on private vehicles, and ensure fair access for all. “You tend to plan for what you know. That’s why it’s so important to bring in different views in the development of mobility.” says Lina Mosshammer, founder and CEO of the Austrian mobility consulting company Point&. 21. What percentage of lower income people express concern on safety in the survey? A. 24%. B. 27%. C. 42%. D. 88%. 22. Which solution involves the idea of recycling used bikes? A. Public-Sector Intervention. B. Technology Adaptation. C. Community-Centric Design. D. Non-Profit Innovation. 23. What does Mosshammer stress to address the challenge? A. Increasing urban mobility. B. Offering affordable alternatives. C. Integrating diverse viewpoints. D. Consulting with the users beforehand. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章指出欧美大城市共享出行看似便捷，但老人、低收入者等群体因条件受限难使用，强调其需普惠，还提及通过多举措助力边缘群体，及融入多元视角的重要性。 21. 细节理解题。根据图表“Barrier3: Concern that riding a bike would expose them to risks(障碍 3：担心骑自行车会让他们面临风险)”部分中“Lower income(低收入)”为27%，可知，在此次调查中，低收入人群中有27%的人对安全问题表示担忧，故选B。 22. 细节理解题。根据Non-Profit Innovation部分“Organizations repurpose abandoned resources (e.g.， Uber’s deserted e-bikes) into community-driven initiatives like E-Bike Libraries, offering free bikes, training, and social rides to underserved areas.(各组织会将闲置的资源重新利用起来（比如优步公司闲置的电动自行车），将其转化为由社区主导的项目，如电动自行车图书馆，为经济欠发达地区提供免费的自行车、培训以及社交骑行服务)”可知，非营利性创新包含了对废旧自行车进行回收利用这一理念。故选D。 23. 细节理解题。根据最后一段““You tend to plan for what you know. That’s why it’s so important to bring in different views in the development of mobility.” says Lina Mosshammer, founder and CEO of the Austrian mobility consulting company Point&.(“人们往往会根据已知的情况来制定计划。这就是为什么在交通发展过程中引入不同观点如此重要的原因。”奥地利移动咨询公司 Point& 的创始人兼首席执行官莉娜·莫希萨默说道)”可知，莫什哈默强调应对这一挑战需要结合不同的观点。故选C。 B Last September, I drove to a protected wetland near my home in Oakland, California. It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone. In some birding circles, people claim anyone who looks at birds is a birder. I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder. Birding has significantly increased the time spent outdoors. It has motivated me to explore Oakland in ways I never would have. While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled. I also feel a much deeper connection to the natural world, which I have long written about but always remained slightly distant from. These recent years have taught me that I’m smaller when I’m not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence. It’s easy to perceive birding as something you do when you’re not working, not being productive, and even an escape from reality. Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted (使分心) by small, unimportant matters. I don’t need to know who the main characters are on social media and what everyone is commenting on them, when I can instead spend an hour trying to locate a rare bird. 24. Why did the author think the journey to the wetland special? A. He protected bird species there. B. He fell in love with birding again. C. He made his true start as a birder. D. He completed his writing during it. 25. What does the underlined word “impervious” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Attentive. B. Subject. C. Resistant. D. Sensitive. 26. What lesson does the author probably learn? A. Outdoor pursuits are a must-have. B. Self-care can help fuel self-worth. C. Happiness serves as the core of life. D. Productivity defines personal value. 27. How does the author view birding according to the last paragraph? A. A complete engagement with reality. B. A temporary escape from busy life. C. A training in focus and observation. D. A substitute for online activities. 【答案】24. C 25. C 26. C 27. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去年九月一次偶然的观鸟之旅让他正式成为观鸟者，此后观鸟不仅增加了他的户外时间、让他更亲近自然，还让他领悟到生活的本质，重新认识了观鸟的意义。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“It was the first time that I had gone somewhere merely to watch birds. Since this unique journey, I’ve seen 452 species, including 307 this year alone. (这是我第一次专门去某个地方观鸟。自从这次特别的旅行后，我已经见过452种鸟类，仅今年就有307种)”及第二段“I’ve cared about birds and other animals for my entire life, and I’ve written about them throughout my two decades as a science writer, but I mark the moment when I specifically chose to devote time and energy to them as the moment I became a birder. (我一生都在关心鸟类和其他动物，在我作为一名科学作家的二十年里，我一直在写关于它们的文章，但我把我特别选择为它们投入时间和精力的那一刻标记为我成为观鸟者的那一时刻)”可知，作者认为这次湿地之旅特别，是因为它让自己真正开启了观鸟者的身份。故选C。 25. 词义猜测题。根据第三段“While birding, I seem impervious to heat, cold, hunger and thirst. My senses focus only on the present, and my head becomes extremely untroubled (观鸟时，我似乎对冷热饥渴都impervious。我的感官只专注于当下，内心变得异常平静)”可知，观鸟时作者专注于当下，不受冷热饥渴的影响，因此“impervious”意为“抵抗的、不受影响的”。故选C。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段“These recent years have taught me that I'm smaller when I'm not actively looking after myself, that I have value for my world and my community beyond ceaseless production, and that pursuits like birding that encourage joy, wonder and bond with places are not sidebars to a fulfilled life but the essence (这些年我明白了，当我不积极关爱自己时，我会变得渺小；除了无休止的工作产出，我对自己的世界和社区也有价值；而像观鸟这样能带来喜悦、惊奇并与周遭建立联结的追求，并非充实生活的点缀，而是其本质)”可知，作者领悟到能带来快乐的追求是生活的核心，即幸福是生活的核心。故选C。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Instead, for me, birding means absorbing myself in the present moment: my thoughts quiet, my senses heightened, and I respond to real, observable events in nature with focused awareness without being distracted by small, unimportant matters (相反，对我来说，观鸟意味着全身心投入当下：思绪沉静，感官敏锐，我以专注的意识回应自然界中真实可观察的事物，不会被琐碎小事分心)”可知，作者认为观鸟是对现实的全身心投入。故选A。 C Statistically speaking, you’ve probably already pressed a like button several times today. If you’re under 20 years old, you may press it even more. Perhaps you recently posted on social media platforms and are eagerly checking as the like count rises on your phone. But what makes the like button so appealing to us? According to Nicholas Christakis, a sociologist and physician at Yale University, it is because “the like button is built, in a very deep and distant way, on the back of evolutionary (进化的) biology”. All animals learn and evolve as they interact with a challenging world, but only certain of them have the ability to learn from the experience of other individuals. “Social learning” showed great evolutionary benefits, allowing human ancestors to raise their chances of survival by avoiding the mistakes they saw others making, and copying the successful moves. This helps explain why human beings are often affected by “homophily” (同质偏好), a preference for people we consider as similar to ourselves. Just as birds of a feather flock together (物以类聚), a vast amount of research has shown that humans have a deep-seated preference to respond positively to sameness. This tendency can lead to prejudice, but it is also connected to humans’ powerful advantage of social learning. There are other consequences of an evolved social learning ability. They include our habits of expressing gratitude and acknowledging — essentially saying “thank you for letting me learn from you”. Because we are happy to get clues about threats and to gain opportunities, we receive knowledge in a fashion that will encourage more of it to come our way. In turn, we as givers respond to that positive confirmation. It’s what keeps us sharing what we discover. All this explains why we have grown to welcome liking and being liked. It’s just not possible for something to become so popular without being connected with something fundamental in our biology. 28. How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A. By making a comparison. B. By asking pointed questions. C. By explaining an assumption. D. By presenting a social phenomenon. 29. What does the author say about “homophily”? A. It has both harm and benefits. B. It’s the key to social learning. C. It’s far from well-documented. D. It helps to express preferences. 30. Why do humans tend to say thanks? A. To gain more opportunities. B. To deepen social interaction. C. To respond to positive feedback. D. To boost more knowledge sharing. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Discovery: Humans Evolve to Like “Likes” B. Social Learning: A Real Evolutionary Advantage C. Like Buttons: The Main Driver of Social Media D. Interpretation: Homophily Shapes Human Behavior 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. D 31. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍点赞按钮极具吸引力的原因，揭示其与人类进化生物学中的社会学习、同质偏好等因素相关联。 28. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Statistically speaking, you’ve probably already pressed a like button several times today. If you’re under 20 years old, you may press it even more. Perhaps you recently posted on social media platforms and are eagerly checking as the like count rises on your phone.(从统计数据来看，你今天可能已经按了好几次点赞按钮。如果你不到20岁，可能按得更多。也许你最近在社交媒体平台上发了帖，正急切地看着手机上的点赞数不断增加。)”可知，作者通过呈现人们日常点赞、关注点赞数的普遍社会现象，引出“点赞按钮为何极具吸引力”这一主题。故选D项。 29. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This tendency can lead to prejudice, but it is also connected to humans’ powerful advantage of social learning.(这种倾向可能会导致偏见，但它也与人类强大的社会学习优势有关。)”可知，同质偏好既有可能引发偏见的危害，也与人类社会学习优势相关联，即兼具弊端与益处。故选A项。 30. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They include our habits of expressing gratitude and acknowledging — essentially saying “thank you for letting me learn from you”. Because we are happy to get clues about threats and to gain opportunities, we receive knowledge in a fashion that will encourage more of it to come our way.(这包括我们表达感激和认可的习惯——本质上是在说“谢谢你让我向你学习”。因为我们乐于获得有关威胁的线索并抓住机会，所以我们会以一种能鼓励更多知识涌向我们的方式来接受知识。)”可知，人类表达感谢是为了鼓励他人分享更多知识，让自己获得更多学习机会。故选D项。 31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“But what makes the like button so appealing to us? According to Nicholas Christakis, a sociologist and physician at Yale University, it is because “the like button is built, in a very deep and distant way, on the back of evolutionary (进化的) biology”.(但是什么让点赞按钮对我们如此有吸引力呢？根据耶鲁大学社会学家兼医生尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯的说法，这是因为“点赞按钮在很深很远的程度上是建立在进化生物学的基础上的”。)”及最后一段中的“All this explains why we have grown to welcome liking and being liked. It’s just not possible for something to become so popular without being connected with something fundamental in our biology.(所有这一切都解释了为什么我们逐渐喜欢点赞和被点赞。如果某件事没有与我们生物学中的某些基本要素相关联，它就不可能变得如此受欢迎。)”可知，文章围绕“点赞按钮为何吸引人”展开，核心是说明人类喜欢点赞、被点赞的行为源于进化生物学的深层因素，“发现：人类进化到喜欢‘点赞’”精准概括了全文主旨，适合作为标题。故选A项。 D Precision agriculture (精准农业) represents a crucial advancement in contemporary farming. One innovative application employs real-time imaging to visualize (使显现) how tiny drops of liquid are forming on plant surfaces. Different from conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and application of pesticides (杀虫剂) across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs. This development originated from the work of Vishnu Jayaprakash, who had some family exposure to the process of spraying (喷洒) crops and recognized that the main challenge in that process is how to make water-based sprays interact effectively with surfaces of plants, which is influenced by various factors including the design of the device, the temperature, wind and other conditions at the time of spraying. To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system. It can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the spraying solution on the target plants to determine what adjustments are needed. The system can be used to make changes in order to get the spray coverage “just right.” This allows farmers to use only 20-30% of the product per acre while maintaining key functions like pest control, fertilization, and growth regulation. The advancement in precision agriculture is helping farmers reduce costs while maintaining crop protection. Susan Scheufele, a researcher at the University of Massachusetts, has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for removing cotton leaves, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum application rate that is recommended on the product label. The primary benefit of precision agriculture methods lies beyond cost savings. Despite the fact that this technology still has a long way to go, its adoption ensures that chemical remains in crops are well below harmful levels, safeguarding ecosystems and food safety. 32. What can be learned about precision agriculture in paragraph 1? A. It visualizes plants more clearly. B. It uses pesticides more accurately. C. It continuously monitors plant growth. D. It estimates the need of the entire field. 33. How does Jayaprakash’s two-camera system address the challenge? A. By choosing various spraying equipment. B. By calculating the amount of pesticide required. C. By making adjustments to enhance spray efficiency. D. By using imaging to monitor the temperature and wind. 34. What can be the conclusion of Susan Scheufele’s field trials? A. The technology is workable with less costs. B. The technology is useless for removing leaves. C. The technology is only suitable for some plants. D. The technology needs to be improved for better results. 35. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To solve pesticide spraying problems. B. To help farmers reduce their costs. C. To introduce a new agricultural technology. D. To explain a technology’s working principle. 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍精准农业这一现代农业技术，包括其基于实时成像的创新应用、双摄像头系统的研发及优势，还有相关田间试验结果与生态价值。 32. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Different from conventional agriculture where farmers often rely on general estimates and application of pesticides (杀虫剂) across the entire field, this technology helps farmers maximize productivity while minimizing inputs. (与传统农业中农民通常依靠大致估计并在整块田地施用杀虫剂不同，这项技术帮助农民在最大限度提高产量的同时，将投入降至最低。)”可知，精准农业能更精准地使用杀虫剂。故选B项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“To effectively address this issue, Jayaprakash developed a two-camera system. It can be connected to typical spraying equipment and use imaging of the spraying solution on the target plants to determine what adjustments are needed. The system can be used to make changes in order to get the spray coverage “just right.””(为有效解决这一问题，贾亚普拉卡什研发了一套双摄像头系统。该系统可连接到常规喷洒设备，通过拍摄目标植物上喷洒液的成像来确定需要进行哪些调整。通过调整，系统能实现“恰到好处”的喷洒覆盖。)”可知，贾亚普拉卡什的双摄像头系统通过调整来提高喷洒效率，从而应对挑战。故选C项。 34. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Susan Scheufele, a researcher at the University of Massachusetts, has conducted field trials with this technology on vegetable crops. In trials for removing cotton leaves, it has shown positive results even when used at 50% of the minimum application rate that is recommended on the product label. (马萨诸塞大学的研究员苏珊·绍费勒已将该技术应用于蔬菜作物的田间试验。在棉花去叶试验中，即使仅使用产品标签上推荐最低用量的50%，该技术也取得了良好效果。)”可知，苏珊·绍费勒的田间试验表明，该技术在降低用量（减少成本）的情况下仍可行。故选A项。 35. 推理判断题。通读全文，第一段介绍精准农业的创新应用，第二段说明其技术研发背景，第三段阐述双摄像头系统的工作方式与优势，第四段提及田间试验结果，第五段强调其生态与食品安全价值，整体围绕“介绍一项新型农业技术（精准农业相关技术）”展开，因此文章的目的是介绍一项新的农业技术。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. 36 They can impact how people judge you in the workplace. Becoming aware of the body language you use when communicating can help you ensure your message is being delivered effectively. Here are some steps you can take to improve your body language. Make eye contact It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. 37 A simple strategy to ensure you’re maintaining the right amount of eye contact is to look into the person’s eyes long enough to take note of their eye color before looking away. This strategy ensures you make proper eye contact for a length of time that’s natural and comfortable to both parties. Relax your shoulders One step you can take to improve your body language is to relax your shoulders, allowing them to drop to a comfortable height. Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. 38 Be aware of where they are currently sitting and allow them to drop to a natural position. Nod from time to time Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. 39 Also, it makes them know that you agree with or are interested in the message they’re sharing, which can help to increase their confidence. Smile from the bottom of your heart Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. 40 A. A sincere smile can brighten up the darkest day. B. However, it’s important to avoid making too much. C. Body language can be confusing in different cultures. D. They include things like gestures, tone of voice, and eye contact. E. It’s a good way to encourage them to continue what they’re saying. F. Similarly, ones that are too low can give the impression that you’re sad. G. Turning up the corners of your mouth slightly can give you a calm and pleasant look. 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. F 39. E 40. G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言的定义及改善肢体语言的四个具体方法。 36. 上文“Body language refers to the nonverbal signals that people use to communicate. (肢体语言是指人们用来交流的非语言信号)”介绍了肢体语言的定义，空处需具体说明非语言信号包含的内容。D选项“它们包括手势、语调、眼神交流等”，其中“They”指代上文的“nonverbal signals”，且列举的内容符合非语言信号的范畴，承接上文逻辑。故选D。 37. 上文“It’s important to make eye contact with the person you’re speaking to. (和与你说话的人进行眼神交流很重要)”强调了眼神交流的重要性，空处需补充眼神交流的注意事项。B选项“然而，重要的是要避免过度眼神交流”，用“However”形成转折，既不否定前文的重要性，又指出合理的边界，符合“保持适当眼神交流”的后续说明逻辑。故选B。 38. 上文“Shoulders that are too high can make you look nervous. (肩膀太高会让你看起来很紧张)”说明了肩膀过高的问题，空处需对应说明肩膀过低的情况。F选项“同样，肩膀太低会给人留下你很难过的印象”，“Similarly”表示与上文情况类似，进一步说明肩膀位置不合适（太低）带来的问题，符合语境。故选F。 39. 上文“Nodding is a good way to show the person you’re speaking with that you’ re listening and engaged in what they’re saying. (点头是向与你交谈的人表明你在倾听并参与他们所说内容的好方法)”介绍了点头的作用，空处需进一步说明其效果。E选项“这是鼓励他们继续说下去的好方法”承接上文，进一步阐述点头带来的积极影响，即鼓励对方继续说，符合语境。故选E。 40. 上文“Smile when you’re first introduced to someone and throughout the conversation, when appropriate. Be aware of your facial expressions throughout the course of the conversation, as an expressionless face can often appear as an angry expression. (当你第一次被介绍给某人时，以及在交谈过程中，在适当的时候微笑。在整个交谈过程中注意你的面部表情，因为面无表情往往会让人觉得你在生气)”强调了微笑以及注意面部表情的重要性，空处需给出具体建议及效果。G选项“微微扬起嘴角可以让你看起来平静而愉快”具体说明了如何通过面部表情来展现好的状态，符合语境。故选G。 试卷第18页，共18页 试卷第17页，共18页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $