主题素养练（1）Unit 1 Back to School（Word练习）-【金版新学案】2026年高考英语高三总复习大一轮复习讲义（译林版）

主题素养练（一） A卷 (时间：25分钟　满分：32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题，每小题2.5分，共20分) A A decade ago, many schools recognized the importance of computer science and integrated it into their core K­12 education, offering students the opportunity to learn this valuable skill.Nowadays, parents have even more options, such as considering top­coding summer camps for their kids or starting even younger with the Baby Code program. This trend is gaining further support in 2023, as North Carolina considers making coding a graduation requirement for high school students.If this proposal is legislated, North Carolina will be joining the ranks of five other states—Nevada, South Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Nebraska—that have similar policies, recognizing coding and computer education as essential components of a comprehensive education. Advocates for these policies argue that they broaden students' educational and economic prospects．They suggest that an increasing number of jobs require some level of computer science knowledge, making coding skills increasingly valuable. This enthusiasm for coding is not a recent phenomenon.Back in 1978, Andrew Molnar, an expert from the National Science Foundation, already emphasized the importance of computer literacy, describing it as a necessary condition for effective participation in an information society, along with reading literacy as a social obligation (义务). Molnar pointed to two pioneering programs that originated in the 1960s: the Logo project at MIT's Artificial Intelligence Lab, which aimed to introduce computing to primary school children, while a program at Dartmouth College allowed undergraduates to learn to write programs on a campus­wide computing network.These and other computing­related educational activities that flourished from the 1960s to 1980s often favored the upper class of society.However, it's worth noting that, just as today, learning to code alone is neither a guarantee of a stable financial future for those from economically disadvantaged backgrounds nor a strategy for addressing the shortcomings of the education system. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国北卡罗来纳州考虑将编程作为高中毕业要求之一的做法，编程进入学校的历史以及人们对此的看法。 1．What was the reason for the integration of computer science into K­12 education? A．To equip students with a certain skill. B．To provide more fun activities for students. C．To make parents satisfied with school education. D.To help students prepare for university entrance exams. A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A decade ago, many schools recognized the importance of computer science and integrated it into their core K­12 education, offering students the opportunity to learn this valuable skill.”可知，学校意识到计算机科学的重要性，并将其纳入学校课程，为学生提供学习该项重要技术的机会。故选A项。] 2．What does the underlined word “legislated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Checked strictly. B．Submitted timely. C．Considered seriously. D．Approved officially. D　[词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，这种趋势在2023年变得越来越流行，北卡罗来纳州正在考虑将编程作为高中毕业要求之一。北卡罗来纳州将成为第六个有相似政策的州。由此推测，画线词的意思是“官方批准”。故选D项。] 3．What is computer literacy according to Andrew Molnar? A．A basic quality for successful careers. B．A social obligation similar to reading literacy. C．A replacement for traditional subjects in schools. D．A skill designed for professionals in the IT industry. B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Back in 1978, Andrew Molnar, an expert from the National Science Foundation, already emphasized the importance of computer literacy, describing it as a necessary condition for effective participation in an information society, along with reading literacy as a social obligation (义务).”可知，在 Andrew Molnar 看来，计算机素养和阅读素养一样，是一种社会义务。故选B项。] 4．What does the text imply about coding education in the last paragraph? A.Coding education can solve educational inequality. B.Coding education alone cannot ensure a successful future． C．Coding education helps economically disadvantaged students more. D．Coding education shouldn't be limited to people from the upper class of society. B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“However, it's worth noting that, just as today, learning to code alone is neither a guarantee of a stable financial future for those from economically disadvantaged backgrounds nor a strategy for addressing the shortcomings of the education system.”可知，仅学习计算机编程无法保证未来的成功。故选B项。] B (2025·南京市学情调研)Can you think of someone who is an excellent communicator? He must have good skills of speaking confidently in various situations, including presentations, group discussions and activities.Also, he should be good at listening to others, understanding group dynamics, and promoting shared decision­making. Research on classroom­based group work reveals a paradox(悖论)：while cooperative learning can be highly effective, merely placing children in groups often proves unproductive.The solution lies in teaching children how to cooperate effectively.Teachers play a crucial role in this process through their interaction with students. To ensure effective group work, teachers must first raise students' awareness of the purpose and value of group activities.More importantly, they need to teach students how to engage in reasoned discussions, known as Exploratory Talk.This involves considering everyone's viewpoints, justifying opinions with reasons, and making collective decisions.In Exploratory Talk, participants engage critically but constructively with each other's ideas, invite contributions, and seek further explanations. Successful cooperation requires a reasoned discussion, which can be facilitated by establishing a set of “Ground Rules” for Exploratory Talk.These rules guide behaviors such as asking for information, seeking and providing reasons, and evaluating proposals.Ground Rules help children work towards joint conclusions, respect opinions, and develop their ideas.For instance, children learn to ask, “What do you think? Why？” and listen attentively to each other's responses, reaching reasoned conclusions. Exploratory Talk enhances group activities as a powerful learning tool.Certain activities, like Talking Points, are particularly effective in stimulating such discussions.Talking Points are inspiring statements designed to encourage children to share their knowledge and uncertainties on a specific topic.Research indicates that Talking Points bring about more imaginative and extensive responses than traditional questions.They help children focus on the topic and compare their viewpoints with others'.As they discuss, children realize that their ideas can develop with new evidence and that classmates are valuable resources for new thinking.With proper guidance, the students will soon begin to see their ideas flowing.And gradually they will learn to participate fully not only in education but also in life as well. [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章解释了什么是小组工作悖论，并说明教师应如何引导学生进行合乎逻辑的讨论来解决小组工作悖论，从而让小组学习变得有效。 5．What may help solve the group work paradox? A．Active interaction among teachers. B．Group learning among students. C．Teachers' effective guidance. D．Students' deep engagement. C　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，解决小组工作悖论的方法是教孩子如何有效合作，教师通过与学生互动而在这一过程中发挥重要作用。由此可知，教师的有效指导可以帮助解决小组工作悖论。故选C。] 6．Why should Ground Rules be set for the students? A．To popularize group activities. B．To build up their individuality. C．To stimulate more proposals. D．To encourage reasoning in talks. D　[推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知，成功的合作需要合乎逻辑的讨论，这一讨论可以通过建立一套“基本规则”来改善。由此可知，为学生制订基本规则的原因是鼓励学生在谈话中进行推理。故选D。] 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Students should be challenged with uncertainties. B．Traditional questions should be avoided in classes. C．Well­designed brainstorming matters in group activities. D．Idea exchanges between the students deserve top priority. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，探索性谈话作为一种强大的学习工具改善了小组活动。像谈话要点类的某些活动在激发这类讨论方面尤其有效。有了教师的适当指导，学生思维将会很快活跃起来。所以可推知，教师精心设计的头脑风暴会在小组活动中起重要作用。故选C。] 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A.Why Putting Children in Groups Doesn't Always Work B.What Effects a Good Communicator Has on Discussions C.Whether Teachers Should Use Exploratory Talk or Not D.Where Students' Participation in Activities Should Go A　[标题归纳题。本文主要解释了什么是小组工作悖论并说明教师应如何在教学中解决这一悖论，让小组学习变得有效。由此可知，A选项“为什么把孩子分组并不总是有效的”最符合文章主题。故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5分，共12.5分) (2025·江西省新高三摸底考)I'm an Indonesian student and finished my Master's degree in Sweden.1( ) Here are my top four things that I've learned from my experience. I understand my home country better. Being a local in my home country for almost a lifetime got me thinking that the grass was always greener in other countries.2( ) And my country has different positive angles that I've learned to see and be proud of. I get much deeper understanding of other cultures' perspectives. Studying abroad has changed my perspective and made me shift my beliefs.I've learned the issue of privacy.I used to see that the internet is the place where we should talk about our activities and share many parts of ourselves to the world.I used to take everyone's pictures and share them online.3( ) I see travelling in a new way. What is travelling all about? Why do we need travelling? 4( ) I learned that by being a tourist, understanding local perspectives and needs is important.And most importantly, I found that you can find a whole new way of life when you really take time to understand the country you're in. 5( ) When you study abroad, the first thing you might notice are the many differences between people.But you also see that all of these differences are also universal—people in many ways are the same everywhere.Studying abroad gives you the opportunity to really understand people from different culture backgrounds.And when you make friends, you learn to accept their perfections alongside their shortcomings. A．I learn to accept people's differences. B．What should you take while you are travelling? C．Learning in a foreign country taught me lots of things. D．I like to make friends from different culture backgrounds. E．Yet being abroad has given me the chance to see that no country is perfect. F．By trying answering these questions, I started to understand travelling differently. G．Now I secure my personal information, respect people's privacy, and even remind others to do so. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。作者总结了自己在国外求学经历中所获得的一些生活智慧、人生感悟以及留学经历对自己的影响。 1．C　[前句提到作者在国外学习，后句引出本文的话题，即介绍作者从个人经历中学到的四件事情，因此判断C 选项“在国外学习教会了我很多东西”符合语境。故选C。] 2．E　[后句提到作者了解到了自己的国家也有值得骄傲的方面，可知本句为转折句，因此判断E选项“然而，出国让我有机会看到，没有一个国家是完美的”符合语境。故选E。] 3．G　[上文提到作者以前认为网络就是向世界分享活动和自我的地方，而且经常拍下别人的照片并上传到网上，由此判断G 选项“现在我保护我的个人信息，尊重别人的隐私，甚至提醒别人这样做”可以承接上文，和前句构成转折关系。故选G。] 4．F　[根据前面提到的问题“什么是旅行？我们为什么需要旅行？”，并结合“questions”可知F选项“通过回答这些问题，我开始对旅行有了不同的理解”符合语境。故选F。] 5．A　[本段内容介绍了在国外学习时作者注意到人与人之间的差异，但也发现这种差异是普遍存在的，从而在接受人们优点的同时也学会了接受人们的缺点，故A 选项“我逐渐学会接受人与人之间的差异”可以作为本段主题句。故选A。] B卷 (时间：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4小题，每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·甘肃张掖模拟)“What do you mean by this phrase? It's incorrect and adds nothing to the sentence.Omit (省略)！” Professor Jones's critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it.I scanned his comments for a “Good job！” or “I love this idea，” but they were nowhere to be found. Everyone likes warmth and encouragement, but purely positive affirmations (肯定) don't communicate what can be improved.Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective.For Professor Jones, this looked like a note at the end of another paper: “I'm sure things will improve as the term and year wear on.” However, feedback that does the work for a student—correcting a misspelled word, rewriting a sentence—can signal a teacher's low expectations. When kids see comments that suggest what needs to be changed, they come to realize they can do things on their own and become more independent learners.As a bonus, this kind of feedback lets students know that their teacher believes in them. As for me, I was benedictory for Professor Jones's pointed criticism which let me know that he took me seriously.He was expecting me to do better, and the detailed comments scrawled (潦草地写) on every page gave me the tools to improve.Teachers can add affirmations to their feedback as long as it's not the only thing they're doing. Don't confuse warmth with promoting a growth mindset.Being nice isn't the same as showing someone you believe they can improve.So give detailed feedback that sets young people up to take charge of their own learning.For example, instead of rewriting a sentence, say: “This is a run­on sentence.Try reading it out loud and add punctuation in places where you naturally take a breath.” Ask worth­exploring questions that inspire students to think about their approach, then let them revise on their own.When it comes to writing, the easiest path isn't always the best one. [语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章强调了建设性的反馈对学生学习的重要性。作者通过自己的论文被批评的经历，认识到直接且有用的反馈比单纯鼓励更有助于改进。研究显示，要求学生修改作业的直接反馈更有效，而过于温和的反馈可能暗示低期望。作者认为，教师应该提供建设性的反馈，激发学生的独立学习能力，帮助学生真正取得进步。 1．How did the author initially feel about Professor Jones's feedback? A．Happy and motivated. B．Upset and disappointed. C．Indifferent and unconcerned. D．Confident and encouraged. B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“Professor Jones's critical feedback on my paper hurt me when I first read it.I scanned his comments for a ‘Good job！’ or ‘I love this idea，’ but they were nowhere to be found.”可知，此时作者因为读到评语很伤心，而且没有找到任何积极的建议。由此可知，作者一开始对Jones教授的反馈感到沮丧和失望。故选B项。] 2．What is the key aspect of effective feedback mentioned in the article? A．It should be brief and to the point. B．It should be warm and encouraging. C．It should be written at the end of the paper. D．It should be up to students to fix their own work. D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research conducted on Character Lab Research Network finds that direct, useful feedback requiring students to revise their own work is more effective.”可知，文章中提到的有效反馈的关键方面是，应该由学生来修改自己的作业。故选D项。] 3．What does the underlined word “benedictory” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Responsible. B．Generous. C．Regretful. D．Grateful. D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词的下文可知，作者意识到Jones教授的批评实际上表明他在认真对待自己，切实地帮助自己改进。由此可知，作者对Jones教授应该充满感激，画线词意思应该是“感激的”，与Grateful意思一致。故选D项。] 4．What should teachers do when checking student's paper according to the text? A．Give students general praise. B．Rewrite sentences for students. C.Provide students critical support. D．Show students corrected assignments. C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，老师在检查学生的作业时，应该培养学生成长的心态，通过给出详细的反馈，让他们自己去改进。由此可知，老师应该为学生提供关键支持。故选C项。] Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) (2025·江苏南通名校联盟模拟演练)Shane Porter knew clearly that he was dying of cancer when he one day came home with a rusty(生锈的)1969 Jeepster Commando.He planned to 1 it.And it was intended to be a(n) 2 activity that he could work on with his wife and their two sons for the rest of his time. The family 3 the project and fixed the vehicle until Shane Porter died after three years.The family couldn't finish the project，but they couldn't imagine 4 the car either.It has emotional value. So the car sat there—until last May，when Bob Mauger, a close family friend，noticed it and saw a(n) 5 ．“This would be a good project for my students to complete，” Mauger thought, an automotive technology teacher. He shared the 6 with his class, and the students were 7 on board.The restoration(整修)of the vehicle was the class's most significant project 8 the meaning behind it.It also proved more 9 than the students had expected with engine parts missing and cooling system issues.It took 15 months to 10 all the problems.Many students spent their free time on the project and some even continued 11 the project after they graduated. Eventually, the car 12 ．It became drivable and safe.The students 13 the revived Jeepster to the family，causing tears of gratitude and emotion.“I know they'll have that car for a long time.It feels 14 ，”Judah Castillo，a student, said.For the Porters，the revived car is more than just a vehicle; it is the 15 of Shane Porter's life and the students' devotion. [语篇解读]本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Shane Porter被诊断出患有癌症后，计划修复一辆1969年的生锈Jeepster Commando，希望这成为与家人共度时光的活动。不幸的是，Shane在三年后去世，留下了未完成的项目。后来，一位名叫Bob Mauger的教师发现了这辆车，并将其作为学生的项目，最终车辆修复完成，学生们将这份有情感价值的车归还给了Porter一家。 1．A.repaint B．repair C．replace D．return B　[根据上文的“a rusty(生锈的)1969 Jeepster Commando”可知车辆是生锈的，根据后文的“fixed the vehicle”可知，Shane Porter 计划修复它。repaint“重新涂新涂料”；repair“修理，修补”；replace“代替”；return“退还”。] 2．A.bonding B．training C．uplifting D．wide­ranging A　[根据下文的“activity that he could work on with his wife and their two sons”可知，这个活动是与家人一起进行的。另外，根据第二段末尾“It has emotional value”可知，这项活动具有加强家庭情感联系的作用。bonding“增强(与某人的)信任关系的”；uplifting“令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的”；wide­ranging“覆盖面广的，内容广泛的”。] 3．A.expanded B．monitored C．postponed D．conducted D　[根据后文的表示顺承关系的连词“and”以及“fixed the vehicle until Shane Porter died”可知，家人一直在进行这个项目，直到Shane去世。expand“扩大”；monitor“监视”；postpone“延迟”；conduct“实施，执行”。] 4．A.getting hold of B．getting rid of C．getting ready for D．getting used to B　[根据下文的“It has emotional value”以及第三段首句中的“So the car sat there”可知，家人无法想象丢弃这辆车，它有情感价值，所以这辆车被保留了下来。get hold of“获得(某物)”；get rid of“丢弃，扔掉”；get ready for“为……作准备”；get used to“习惯于……”。] 5．A.transformation B．opportunity C．challenge D．responsibility B　[根据下文的“This would be a good project for my students to complete”可知，Bob Mauger认为这是一个很好的可以让他的学生完成的项目，所以他看到了机会。transformation“转变”；opportunity“机会”；challenge“挑战”；responsibility“责任”。] 6．A.discovery B．adventure C．kindness D．idea D　[根据上文可知，Bob Mauger注意到这辆车并产生了一个想法，所以他向他的班级分享了这个想法。discovery“发现”；adventure“冒险”；idea“想法”。] 7．A.unwillingly B．thankfully C．enthusiastically D．obviously C　[根据下文的“The restoration(整修) of the vehicle was the class's most significant project”可知，学生们对这个项目非常支持。unwillingly“不情愿地”；enthusiastically“热情地”；obviously“明显地”。] 8．A.instead of B．in spite of C．because of D．in case of C　[上文讲到这辆车对Shane Porter家人来说具有情感价值，此处是说学生们因为这辆车背后的情感意义而将这辆车的修复视为班级最重要的项目。instead of“代替，作为……的替换”；in spite of“尽管”；because of“因为”； in case of “万一”。] 9．A.complicated B．changeable C．technical D．practical A　[根据下文的“with engine parts missing and cooling system issues”可知，这辆车发动机零件缺失，且冷却系统还有问题，所以该修复项目比学生们预期的要复杂。complicated“复杂的”；technical“技术的”；practical“实际的”。] 10．A.record B．schedule C．address D．question C　[根据最后一段中的“It became drivable and safe”可知，这辆汽车最终修理好了，因此“It took 15 months to”后需要一个词来表示处理/解决问题。record“记录，记载”；schedule“安排”；address“设法解决，处理，对付”；question“提问，怀疑”。] 11．A.contributing to B．responding to C．applying to D．adapting to A　[根据语境以及最后一段中的“It became drivable and safe”可知，一些学生甚至在毕业后还在为这个项目做出贡献。contribute to“为……做出贡献”；respond to“回应”；apply to“适用于”； adapt to“适应”。] 12．A.approached B．crashed C．stopped D．functioned D　[根据下文的“It became drivable and safe”可知，这辆车最终开始正常工作，可以驾驶并且安全。approach“走近”；crash“碰撞”；function“正常工作，运转”。] 13．A.explained B．promised C．presented D．lent C　[根据下文的“causing tears of gratitude and emotion”可知，学生们将修复好的车交给了Shane的家人。present“把……交给……”。] 14．A.surprising B．rewarding C．amusing D．confusing B　[根据前文的“It has emotional value”以及下文的“For the Porters, the revived car is more than just a vehicle”可知，这辆车对Porter一家人来说不仅仅是一辆车，而且它还具有情感价值，所以学生觉得所做的一切都是值得的。rewarding“值得做的，有益的”；amusing“好笑的”；confusing“难以理解的，不清楚的”。] 15．A.highlight B．power C．beginning D．symbol D　[这辆车对Porter一家人来说不仅仅是一辆车，它还是Shane Porter的生命和学生们奉献的象征。highlight“最精彩的部分”；symbol“象征”。] Ⅲ.语法填空(共10个空，每空1.5分，共15分) (2025·鄂豫皖五十三校联考)Unlike in America，1 the length of time spent in school usually stays constant 2 first grade through high school, the Chinese public school day, and study competition, increases as students grow 3 (old).High school students in China get up early and arrive at school at 7：00 am, 4 (begin) their morning reading. Reading is followed with nine lessons, including English, Math, Biology, Physics, Chinese, Chemistry, Social Studies and Physical Education.Students have a busy day with just 5 short break at noon.After the end of their lessons at 5：30 pm, students need to go back to school for self­learning, when students take 6 (quiz), finish homework and make preparations for new topics. During class, teachers work fast, focusing on the hardest part of the topics.Students have to prepare 7 (thorough) ahead of the class, with a basic understanding of theories and concepts.A deep understanding would be appreciated by the teacher.It seems to be a rule that students conquer the basics, 8 teachers focus on mastery.Students need lots of practice on homework in order to get familiar with complex topics.This means the school day does not end when the students leave the teacher. Chinese students 9 (face) many difficulties, because of the complex development of Chinese society.This is the 10 (real) Chinese students must deal with.For all students believing in ourselves and believing in our future is the highest priority! [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国高中学生的生活。 1．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为America，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。] 2．from　[考查介词。在美国，从一年级到高中，在校时间通常保持不变，而中国的公立学校日和学习竞赛随着学生年龄的增长而增加。这里考查from...through“从．..到”，为固定搭配，表从一个时间点开始，通过某个过程直到另一个时间点结束。故填from。] 3．older　[考查形容词比较级。这里指学生年龄增长，grow older表“变老，长大”。故填older。] 4．beginning　[考查非谓语动词。中国的高中生要早起，早上7点到达学校，开始他们的晨读。这里考查非谓语动词，High school students与begin为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填beginning。] 5．a　[考查冠词。这里表示“短暂的休息”，所以应用不定冠词表泛指，且short发音以辅音音素开始。故填a。] 6．quizzes　[考查名词复数。quiz表“测验”，为可数名词，而这里应用复数形式作宾语，零冠词可数名词复数表泛指。故填quizzes。] 7．thoroughly　[考查副词。学生必须在上课前做好充分准备，对理论和概念有基本的了解。这里应填副词作状语，修饰前面动词prepare。故填thoroughly。] 8．while　[考查连词。这似乎是一条规则，学生掌握基础知识，而教师则专注于需要精通的方面。此空应用并列连词while，表前后两句的对比。故填while。] 9．are facing　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。由于中国社会的复杂发展，中国学生面临着许多困难。这里考查谓语动词，Chinese students与face为主动关系，这里应用现在进行时表正在发生的动作。students为名词复数，主谓一致，故填are facing。] 10．reality　[考查名词。这是中国学生必须面对的现实。冠词the后面应填名词作表语，reality表“现实”，为名词。故填reality。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $