Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 语法专项讲练-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教版八年级上册Unit 6“Plan for Yourself”单元语法内容，涵盖“be going to”结构（定义、句式、用法区别）和新年决心表达（类型、实现）两大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“语法规则理解”到“实际语境运用”的阶梯式学习支架。 清单通过“句式分类详解+用法对比辨析”构建知识体系，如将“be going to”的肯定、否定、疑问句式逐一拆解，并对比其与“will”的用法差异，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“分层巩固练习”（单选、填空、写作）和“场景化应用实例”，如新年决心表达结合“身体健康类”“学习提升类”具体示例，学生可自主检测语法掌握情况，教师能据此设计针对性教学活动，提升课堂效率。

Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 语法专项讲练人教版八年级英语上册 一、语法核心知识点 （一）“be going to” 结构 1. 定义与基本用法 “be going to” 结构是表达将来计划、打算或意图的常用语法形式，强调主语在当前已有明确想法，且有较大可能性实施。例如：“She is going to learn to play the guitar.”（她打算学习弹吉他。），此句表明说话者当下已确定学习吉他的计划，并有实施的意愿。 2. 结构形式 ①肯定句：主语 + be（am/is/are）+ going to + 动词原形 + 其他 例：I am going to visit my uncle next Sunday.（我打算下周日去看望叔叔。）；He is going to join the English club.（他打算加入英语俱乐部。） 注：主语是第一人称（I/we）时，be 动词用 am/are；主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it）时，be 动词用 is。 ②否定句：主语 + be（am/is/are）+ not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 例：We are not going to have a picnic this weekend.（我们不打算这周末去野餐。）；She isn't going to watch TV tonight.（她今晚不打算看电视。） 注：is not 可缩写为 isn't，are not 可缩写为 aren't，am not 无缩写形式。 ③一般疑问句：Be（Am/Is/Are）+ 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答：No, 主语 + be + not. 例：—Are you going to take math lessons?（你打算上数学课吗？） —Yes, I am.（是的，我打算。）/ No, I'm not.（不，我不打算。） —Is he going to finish his homework now?（他打算现在完成作业吗？） —Yes, he is.（是的，他打算。）/ No, he isn't.（不，他不打算。） ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（What/How/When/Where/Who）+ be（am/is/are）+ 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：What are you going to do tomorrow?（你明天打算做什么？）； Where is she going to travel?（她打算去哪里旅行？） 3. 与其他表将来结构的区别 ①与一般现在时表将来的区别：“be going to” 侧重主观计划、打算，常含 “已做好准备” 的意味；一般现在时表将来，多表示按时间表、日程安排等客观会发生的事，常见于火车、飞机班次，课程安排等。 例：The plane takes off at 9:00 a.m.（飞机上午 9 点起飞。）—— 按航班时刻表，用一般现在时； I'm going to the airport to meet my friend.（我打算去机场接朋友。）—— 主观计划，用 “be going to”。 ②与 “will” 的区别：“be going to” 强调 “提前有计划”；“will” 更侧重临时决定或对未来的预测，不含 “预先计划” 的含义。 例：—The box is too heavy.（这个箱子太重了。） —I'll help you carry it.（我来帮你搬。）—— 临时决定，用 will； I'm going to help my mom do housework this afternoon. （我打算今天下午帮妈妈做家务。）—— 提前计划，用 “be going to”。 4. 核心用法场景 ①表达未来计划与打算：常用于谈论职业规划、学习安排、日常活动计划等。 例：He is going to take acting lessons because he wants to be an actor. （他打算上表演课，因为他想成为一名演员。） ；We are going to study harder for the final exam. （我们打算为期末考试更努力学习。） ②基于现有迹象预测未来：根据当前可见的迹象，判断未来会发生的事。 例：Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain. （看那些乌云，要下雨了。） The little boy is running so fast. He is going to fall down. （那个小男孩跑得太快了，他要摔倒了。） （二）新年决心的表达 1. 新年决心的概念与常见类型 新年决心（New Year's resolution）是人们在新年伊始许下的承诺，旨在改善生活、提升自我，常见类型包括： ①身体健康类：如 “exercise more”（多锻炼）、“eat more healthily”（吃得更健康）、“go to bed early”（早睡）等。 ②学习提升类：如 “learn a new language”（学一门新语言）、“read more books”（多读书）、“improve math skills”（提升数学能力）等。 ③兴趣培养类：如 “take up a new hobby”（培养新爱好），常见的有 “learn to paint”（学画画）、“practice playing the piano”（练习弹钢琴）、“try photography”（尝试摄影）等。 ④自我完善类：如 “be more confident”（更自信）、“be more organized”（更有条理）、“help others more often”（更常帮助他人）等。 2. 新年决心的表达与实现 ①表达：常用 “be going to” 结构，清晰传达新年计划。 例：I am going to exercise every morning to keep healthy. （我打算每天早上锻炼来保持健康。） She is going to read one book every month to expand her knowledge. （她打算每月读一本书来拓宽知识面。） ②实现建议：设定可实现的目标，将大目标拆分为小目标；写下决心并与他人分享，借助他人提醒督促自己。 例：If your resolution is to learn English well, you can set a mini - goal: memorize 10 new words every day. （如果你的决心是学好英语，你可以设定一个小目标：每天记 10 个新单词。） 二、巩固练习 练习一：单项选择 1.—What ______ you going to do this evening? — I'm going to watch a movie. A. am B. is C. are 2.My brother ______ be a doctor when he grows up. He is studying hard now. A. is going to B. will C. was going to 3.—______ your parents going to visit your grandparents next month? —Yes, they are. A. Do B. Are C. Is 4.—______ is she going to improve her English? —She is going to take English lessons. A. What B. How C. When 5.I'm going to ______ a new hobby. I want to learn to play chess. A. take up B. look up C. get up 6.There ______ a football match in our school next Friday. A. is going to be B. is going to have C. will have 7.He ______ going to play computer games tonight. He has a lot of homework to do. A. isn't B. aren't C. don't 8.—Are you going to ______ your New Year's resolution? —Yes, I will try my best. A. give up B. stick to C. look for 9.My sister wants me ______ with her to the library this weekend. A. go B. to go C. going 10.—What's your plan for the summer holiday? — I ______ visit my aunt in Beijing. A. am going to B. visit C. visited 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空（10 小题） 1.She is going to ______ (learn) to dance next term because she likes dancing. 2.______ (be) Tom going to join the school basketball team? 3.They ______ (not be) going to have a party this Saturday. They are too busy. 4.My father is going to ______ (fix) the broken bike this afternoon. 5.He wants to be a ______ (science). He is going to study science hard. 6.What ______ (be) you going to do after school? 7.We are going to keep on ______ (practice) speaking English every day. 8.______ (not forget) to take your umbrella. It's going to rain. 9.She is going to work hard at ______ (write) stories. She hopes to be a writer. 10.My mother is going to ______ (cook) delicious food for us this evening. 练习三：按要求完成句子 1.He is going to take piano lessons next year.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ going to take piano lessons next year? 2.They are going to visit the Great Wall next month.（改为否定句） They ______ ______ going to visit the Great Wall next month. 3.I'm going to be a teacher when I grow up.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you going to ______ when you grow up? 4.Are you going to read more books this year?（作肯定回答） Yes, ______ ______. 5.She is going to study hard to get good grades.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she going to ______ to get good grades? 6.We are going to have a picnic in the park this Sunday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you going to have a picnic this Sunday? 7.Tom is going to meet his friend at the station.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ Tom going to meet at the station? 8.It is going to snow tomorrow.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ going to snow tomorrow? 9.They are going to finish their homework before 8:00 p.m.（改为否定句） They ______ ______ going to finish their homework before 8:00 p.m. 10.I'm going to buy a new bag next week.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you going to ______ next week? 练习四：阅读理解 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成题目（选择题 + 判断题）。 My New Year's Resolutions The new year is coming, and I have made three New Year's resolutions. I hope they can make me a better person. First, I'm going to improve my physical health. I often stay up late to play computer games, which makes me feel tired in class. So I'm going to go to bed before 10:00 p.m. every night. Also, I'm going to exercise for 30 minutes every morning—running or playing basketball. I think these changes will make me more energetic. Second, I'm going to work harder at school. My math is not good. I often get low scores in math tests. This year, I'm going to take extra math lessons on weekends. I'm also going to ask my math teacher for help when I have questions. I want to get a good grade in the next math exam. Third, I'm going to develop a new hobby. I'm interested in drawing, so I'm going to take drawing lessons. I plan to draw one picture every week. I hope I can show my drawings to my friends and family someday. I know keeping resolutions is not easy, but I will try my best. I believe I can do it! 选择题：根据短文选择正确答案。 1.What is the writer's first New Year's resolution? A. To improve physical health. B. To work harder at school. C. To develop a new hobby. 2.Why is the writer going to go to bed early? A. Because he wants to watch early TV shows. B. Because staying up late makes him tired in class. C. Because his parents ask him to do so. 3.How is the writer going to improve his math? A. By reading math books. B. By taking extra math lessons and asking the teacher for help. C. By playing math games. 4.What new hobby is the writer going to develop? A. Playing basketball. B. Drawing. C. Singing. 5.What does the writer think of keeping resolutions? A. It's very easy. B. It's not easy, but he will try his best. C. It's impossible. 判断题（根据短文判断正误，正确填 T，错误填 F） 1.The writer has made three New Year's resolutions.（ ） 2.The writer is going to exercise for 30 minutes every afternoon.（ ） 3.The writer is good at math.（ ） 4.The writer plans to draw one picture every week.（ ） 5.The writer doesn't want to show his drawings to others.（ ） 练习五：写作（10 分） 以 “My New Year's Resolutions” 为题，写一篇短文介绍你的新年决心。要求：至少包含 3 条决心，运用 “be going to” 结构，词数 80 左右。 参考答案 练习一：单项选择 1.C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 练习二：用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.learn 2. Is 3. aren't 4. fix 5. scientist 6. are 7. practicing 8. Don't forget 9. writing 10. cook 练习三：按要求完成句子 1.Is he 2. are not 3. What are; be 4. I am 5. What is; do 6. Where are 7. Who is 8. Is it 9. are not 10. What are; buy 练习四：阅读理解 选择题 1.A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 判断题 1.T 7. F 8. F 9. T 10. F 练习五：写作（参考范文） My New Year's Resolutions The new year is coming soon, and I have three New Year's resolutions. First, I'm going to improve my English. I'm going to listen to English songs every day and practice speaking with my classmates. Second, I'm going to be healthier. I'm going to eat less junk food and exercise for 20 minutes every day, like walking or jumping rope. Third, I'm going to help my parents more. I'm going to clean my room by myself and wash the dishes after dinner. I know it's not easy to keep these resolutions, but I will try my best to make them come true. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $