Unit 1 The Joys of Vocational School-《中职英语（语文版）短语串讲》

编写说明：《中职英语（语文版）短语串讲》以语文版2022版3本基础模块教材内容为基准，精准覆盖核心短语，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型，包括30份资源，每份资源均涵盖短语讲解记忆清单和习题练习清单，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的短语记忆薄弱以及短语题练习短缺的解决方案。 本讲是第1份资源，内容涵盖《英语 基础模块1》（语文版2022版）的第一单元The Joys of Vocational School。 《英语 基础模块1》（语文版2022版） UNIT 1 The Joys of Vocational School短语串讲 掌握单元短语·讲解篇 set goals 设立目标 step by step 一步步地，逐步地 give up 放弃 role-play 角色扮演 self-development 自我发展 cooking skill 厨艺 make models 制作模型 join a painting club 加入绘画俱乐部 play football with friends 与朋友踢足球 repair autos 修理汽车 work on a project online 在网上制作项目 practise in the training centre 在训练中心执业 be a volunteer 做志愿者 new term 新学期 set clear goals 设立明确的目标 work hard 努力学习 reach goals 实现目标 begins with 以……开始 live a healthy life 过健康生活 攻克短语记忆·记忆篇 （艾宾浩斯记忆表，复习后打勾） 日期 学习内容 短期记忆复习周期 长期记忆复习周期 5mins 30mins 12hs 1ds 2ds 4ds 7ds 15ds 1ms 3ms 6ms set goals step by step give up role-play self-development cooking skill make models join a painting club play football with friends repair autos work on a project online practise in the training centre be a volunteer new term set clear goals work hard reach goals begins with live a healthy life 熟练短语填空·练习篇 一、请从以下短语中选择合适的短语填入空格，每个短语仅用一次 new term role-play play football with friends set clear goals join a painting club give up cooking skill step by step repair autos self-development 1. The __________ starts next Monday, so I need to buy new notebooks and prepare my schoolbag this weekend. 2. To make your study more effective, you should __________ first, like finishing math homework every day and passing the monthly exam. 3. Learning a new skill takes time—you can’t rush it, so you need to do it __________ until you master it. 4. Don’t __________ your dream of becoming a chef even if you burn the dish a few times; practice makes perfect. 5. In our English class, the teacher often asks us to __________ dialogues to improve our oral English. 6. Reading books, taking online courses and learning new skills are all good ways for __________. 7. My mom’s __________ is great—she can make delicious dishes like braised pork and mapo tofu for the family. 8. If you like drawing, you can __________ after school; you’ll meet many classmates who share the same interest. 9. On Sunday afternoons, Tom usually __________ in the community park—playing sports helps him stay healthy. 10. My uncle works in a car shop and he can __________ very well; he fixed my dad’s car last week. 【答案】1. new term 2. set clear goals 3. step by step 4. give up 5. role-play 6. self-development 7. cooking skill 8. join a painting club 9. plays football with friends 10. repair autos 【详解】 1. 考查名词短语。句意：新学期下周一开学，所以我这周末需要买新笔记本，整理书包。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入名词短语作主语；结合“buy new notebooks and prepare my schoolbag”（买新笔记本、整理书包）的开学准备行为，“new term（新学期）”符合“开学”的语境，且为名词短语可作主语。故填new term。 2. 考查动词短语。句意：要让学习更有效率，你应该先设立明确的目标，比如每天完成数学作业、通过月考。分析句子结构可知，“should”后接动词原形；结合“finishing math homework every day and passing the monthly exam”（每天完成数学作业、通过月考）的具体目标，“set clear goals（设立明确的目标）”符合“规划学习”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填set clear goals。 3. 考查副词短语。句意：学习新技能需要时间——不能急于求成，所以你需要一步步做，直到掌握它。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入副词短语修饰动词“do”；结合“you can’t rush it”（不能急于求成）的提示，“step by step（一步步地）”符合“循序渐进”的语境，且为副词短语可作状语。故填step by step。 4. 考查动词短语。句意：即使你把菜烧糊几次，也别放弃成为厨师的梦想；熟能生巧。分析句子结构可知，“Don’t”后接动词原形；结合“practice makes perfect”（熟能生巧）的鼓励语境，“give up（放弃）”符合“不放弃梦想”的语义，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填give up。 5. 考查动词短语。句意：在英语课上，老师经常让我们进行角色扮演对话，来提高英语口语。分析句子结构可知，“asks us to”后接动词原形（“ask sb. to do sth.”固定结构）；结合“improve our oral English”（提高英语口语）和“dialogues”（对话）的课堂活动，“role-play（角色扮演）”符合“口语练习”的语境，且为动词短语可作宾语补足语。故填role-play。 6. 考查名词短语。句意：读书、上线上课程、学新技能都是自我发展的好方法。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入名词短语作介词“for”的宾语；结合“Reading books, taking online courses and learning new skills”（读书、上线上课、学新技能）的自我提升行为，“self-development（自我发展）”符合“自我提升”的语境，且为名词短语可作宾语。故填self-development。 7. 考查名词短语。句意：我妈妈的厨艺很棒——她能给家人做红烧肉、麻婆豆腐这样的美味菜肴。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填入名词短语作主语“my mom’s”的表语；结合“make delicious dishes like braised pork and mapo tofu”（做红烧肉、麻婆豆腐等美味）的烹饪行为，“cooking skill（厨艺）”符合“烹饪能力”的语境，且为名词短语可作表语。故填cooking skill。 8. 考查动词短语。句意：如果你喜欢画画，可以放学后加入绘画俱乐部；你会遇到很多有相同兴趣的同学。分析句子结构可知，“can”后接动词原形；结合“like drawing”（喜欢画画）和“meet classmates who share the same interest”（遇到有相同兴趣的同学）的场景，“join a painting club（加入绘画俱乐部）”符合“兴趣社交”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填join a painting club。 9. 考查动词短语。句意：周日下午，汤姆通常和朋友去社区公园踢足球——运动能帮他保持健康。分析句子结构可知，句子描述常态习惯，用一般现在时，主语“Tom”是第三人称单数，主语单三体现在“play”需变为“plays”，结合“in the community park”（社区公园）和“stay healthy”（保持健康）的运动场景，该短语符合“户外体育活动”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填plays football with friends。 10. 考查动词短语。句意：我叔叔在汽车店工作，他很会修理汽车；上周他还修好了我爸爸的车。分析句子结构可知，“can”后接动词原形；结合“works in a car shop”（在汽车店工作）和“fixed my dad’s car”（修好了爸爸的车）的维修行为，“Repair autos（修理汽车）”符合“汽车维修”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填repair autos。 二、请从以下短语中选择合适的短语填入空格，每个短语仅用一次 live a healthy life work on a project online join a painting club work hard make models reach goals be a volunteer set goals practise in the training centre begins with 1. To improve his hands-on ability, Tom likes to __________ of planes and ships in his free time—he uses wood and paper to make them. 2. Our group needs to finish the science assignment together, so we decide to __________ this evening to share materials and discuss ideas. 3. As a vocational student majoring in electrical engineering, Li Ming often __________ after class to practice wiring and equipment maintenance. 4. Every weekend, my sister goes to the community library to __________—she helps organize books and guide elderly readers to use computers. 5. If you want to pass the professional skill exam, you must __________ every day, like memorizing theories and doing practical exercises. 6. With the help of your teacher and classmates, you will finally __________ you set at the beginning of the term. 7. Learning any new language __________ mastering basic words and grammar—you can’t speak fluently without this foundation. 8. My grandpa __________ by getting up early, doing tai chi every morning and eating less oily food. 9. Before starting a new semester, it’s important for students to __________ according to their strengths and weaknesses. 10. If you are interested in drawing and want to make more friends with the same hobby, you can __________ at school. 【答案】1. make models 2. work on a project online 3. practise in the training centre 4. be a volunteer 5. work hard 6. reach goals 7. begins with 8. lives a healthy life 9. set goals 10. join a painting club 【详解】 1. 考查动词短语。句意：为了提高动手能力，汤姆空闲时喜欢制作飞机和轮船模型——他用木头和纸来做。分析句子结构可知，“likes to”后接动词原形（“like to do sth.”固定结构）；结合“planes and ships”“uses wood and paper to make them”（飞机轮船、用木头纸制作）的模型制作场景，“make models（制作模型）”符合语义，且为动词短语可作宾语。故填make models。 2. 考查动词短语。句意：我们小组需要一起完成科学作业，所以决定今晚在网上制作项目，分享资料并讨论想法。分析句子结构可知，“decide to”后接动词原形（“decide to do sth.”固定结构）；结合“share materials and discuss ideas”“online”（分享资料讨论、在线）的协作场景，“work on a project online（在网上制作项目）”符合“线上协作完成作业”的语境，且为动词短语可作宾语。故填work on a project online。 3. 考查动词短语。句意：作为一名电气工程专业的中职生，李明课后经常在训练中心练习，实操布线和设备维护。分析句子结构可知，句子描述常态行为，用一般现在时，主语“Li Ming”是第三人称单数，谓语需用单数形式（短语中“practise”需变为“practises”，但题目短语为“practise in the training centre”，此处按题干短语填写，语义优先）；结合“electrical engineering”“practice wiring and equipment maintenance”（电气工程、练习布线设备维护）的技能训练场景，“practise in the training centre（在训练中心执业/练习）”符合“专业技能实操”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填practise in the training centre。 4. 考查动词短语。句意：每个周末，我姐姐去社区图书馆做志愿者——她帮忙整理书籍，指导老年读者使用电脑。分析句子结构可知，“to”后接动词原形（表目的）；结合“helps organize books and guide elderly readers”（帮忙整理书籍、指导老年读者）的志愿行为，“be a volunteer（做志愿者）”符合语义，且为动词短语可作目的状语。故填be a volunteer。 5. 考查动词短语。句意：如果你想通过专业技能考试，就必须每天努力学习，比如记忆理论知识和做实操练习。分析句子结构可知，“must”后接动词原形；结合“pass the professional skill exam”“memorizing theories and doing practical exercises”（通过技能考试、记忆理论做实操）的备考场景，“work hard（努力学习/努力）”符合“为考试付出努力”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填work hard。 6. 考查动词短语。句意：在老师和同学的帮助下，你最终会实现学期初设立的目标。分析句子结构可知，“will”后接动词原形；结合“you set at the beginning of the term”（学期初设立的）的目标提示，“reach goals（实现目标）”符合“达成预设目标”的语义，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填reach goals。 7. 考查动词短语。句意：学习任何一门新语言都从掌握基础词汇和语法开始——没有这个基础，你无法流利表达。分析句子结构可知，句子描述客观规律，用一般现在时，主语“Learning any new language”是动名词短语，视为单数，谓语需用单数形式（短语中“begins”为单数，符合语法）；结合“mastering basic words and grammar”“foundation”（掌握基础词汇语法、基础）的学习逻辑，“begins with（以……开始）”符合“学习从基础起步”的语境，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填begins with。 8. 考查动词短语。句意：我爷爷过着健康的生活，他早起、每天晨练太极，还少吃油腻食物。分析句子结构可知，句子描述常态习惯，用一般现在时，主语“my grandpa”是第三人称单数，谓语需用单数形式（短语中“Lives”为单数，符合语法）；结合“getting up early, doing tai chi, eating less oily food”（早起、打太极、少吃油腻）的健康习惯，“lives a healthy life（过健康生活）”符合语义，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填lives a healthy life。 9. 考查动词短语。句意：新学期开始前，学生们根据自己的优势和不足设立目标很重要。分析句子结构可知，“it’s important for students to”后接动词原形（“it’s+adj.+for sb. to do”固定句型）；结合“according to their strengths and weaknesses”（根据优劣势）的规划场景，“set goals（设立目标）”符合“新学期规划”的语境，且为动词短语可作真正主语。故填set goals。 10. 考查动词短语。句意：如果你对画画感兴趣，还想认识更多有相同爱好的朋友，可以加入学校的绘画俱乐部。分析句子结构可知，“can”后接动词原形；结合“interested in drawing”“make more friends with the same hobby”（对画画感兴趣、认识同爱好朋友）的兴趣社交场景，“join a painting club（加入绘画俱乐部）”符合语义，且为动词短语可作谓语。故填join a painting club。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $