Module1六大时态讲义 2025-2026学年外研版(2012)英语九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了六大基础时态内容，涵盖一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时六大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“时态基本用法”到“特殊情境应用”再到“易混时态辨析”的阶梯式学习支架。 清单通过“用法-谓语形式-标志词-例句”四要素分类呈现时态体系，以表格对比（如现在完成时与一般过去时的意义区分）和“注意”标注（如一般现在时表将来的条件状语从句用法）突出重难点，培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。特别设计了时态转换实例（如非延续性动词转延续性动词）和句式变化表格（一般疑问句与否定句结构），助力不同水平学生高效掌握，既方便学生自主复习，也为教师教学设计提供清晰框架。

六大时态 一、一般现在时 1.用法：①表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态 ②表示客观真理 2.谓语形式：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式（am/is/are/do/does） 3.标志词： always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every day/week/month/year, once a year, twice a month, three times a week等 例句：He often plays football. 他经常踢足球（经常性动作） They are fine now. 他们现在很好 （现在的状态） The earth turns round the sun. 地球绕着太阳转 （客观真理） Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音的传播速度快 （客观真理） 注意: 在when, until, as soon as等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中, 若主句是将来时或祈使句, 从句则要用一般现在时表示将来 You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor 看医生之前你一定不要吃任何东西 If you don’t go soon, you’ll be late. 如果你不马上去，你就会迟到 二、一般过去时 1.用法：表示过去发生的动作或状态 2.谓语形式：动词过去式（was/were/did） 3.标志词：yesterday, last week/month/year, … ago, in 1994, in the past, the other day, just now等 例句：I watched TV last night. 我昨晚看了电视 He visited his parents two days ago. 他两天前看望了父母 注意：used to do sth.是过去时, 表示曾经常做某事 I used to go to the library every week. 我曾经每周都去图书馆 三、一般将来时 1.用法：表示将来会出现或发生的动作 2.谓语形式：①将要做：will（所有人称）/shall（第一人称）+ 动词原形（do） ②计划做：be（am/is/are）going to + 动词原形（do） 3.标志词：tomorrow, this afternoon, next … , one day, in+时间段, soon等 例句：I will graduate from this school soon. 我很快就会从这所学校毕业 I am going to learn a new language next year. 明年我打算学习一门新语言 四、现在进行时 1.用法：表示现在某一时刻或当前一段时间正在进行的动作 2.谓语形式：be动词（am/is/are）+动词的现在分词（v.-ing） 3.标志词：now, look, listen, at the moment, these days等 例句：Look! He is playing football on the playground. 看！他正在操场上踢足球（现在某一时刻正在进行的动作） I am writing a novel these days. 我这些天一直在写小说（当前一段时间正在进行的动作） 注意：现在进行时表将来：come、go、leave、start、arrive等表示位移的动词常用现在进行时表示按计划、规定将要发生的动作 I am leaving tomorrow. 我明天将要离开（而不是正在离开） 五、过去进行时 1.用法：表示过去某一时刻或过去一段时间正在进行的动作 2.谓语形式：was/were +动词的现在分词（v.-ing） 3.标志词：at this time yesterday, at that time/moment, that day等 例句：I was studying at nine last night. 昨晚九点的时候我在学习 （过去某一时刻正在进行的动作） I was sleeping from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m. yesterday. 昨天下午两点到五点的时候我正在睡觉 （过去一段时间正在进行的动作） 注意：while从句中的动词只能是延续性动词, 常用过去进行时 The phone rang while he was sleeping on the sofa.王先生正在沙发上睡觉时, 电话铃响了 六、现在完成时 1.用法：①表示过去发生的动作已完成，并对现在造成影响 ②表示动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在，并可能延续到将来 2.谓语形式：have/has +动词的过去分词（v.-ed） 3.标志词：already, yet, just, recently, ever, in the past few years, so far, since+过去时间点，for+时间段等 例句：I have just cleaned the room. (so the room is tidy). 我刚打扫干净房间（表示过去的动作造成的影响） I have learned English for ten yeas. 我学英语已经十年了（表示动作从过去持续到现在） 注意： 1. 当现在完成时与一段时间连用时，应非延续性动词转换为延续性动词 如come→be here, go→be there, die→be dead, borrow→keep, buy→have, leave→be away I have borrowed this book for a week× I have kept this book for a week.√ 2.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 时态 意义 例句 现在完成时 与现在有关，强调影响现在 I have read the book. 我读了这本书（了解书的内容） 一般过去时 与现在无关，单纯叙述过去 Yesterday I went to the zoo. 昨天我去了动物园 3.区分have been to，have gone to，have been in/at 表达 意义 例句 have been to+地点 去过某地 现在已经回来 He has been to Hubei several times. 他去过湖北几次（现在不在湖北） have gone to+地点 去了某地 现在还没有回来 He has gone to Shanxi to be a volunteer. 她去西安当志愿者了（现在还在西安） have been in/at+地点 一直在某地 He has been in Zhengzhou for 5 years. 他在南京五年了（一直在南京） 七、六种时态的一般疑问句和否定句（以do为例） 时态 一般疑问句 否定句 一般现在时 Do I/we/you/they +do…? Does he/she/it + do…? I/We/You/They +do not (don’t) + do… He / She / It does not (doesn’t) + do… 一般过去时 Did I/we/you/they +do…? Did he/she/it + do…? I/We/You/He/She/It/They+did not (didn’t) + do… 一般将来时 Will I/we/you/he/she/it/they +do…? Am I going to + do…? Are we/you/they+going to + do…? Is he/she/it + going to + do…? I/We/You/He/She/It/They+will not (won’t) + do… I am not (I’m not) going to + do… We/You/They +are not (aren’t) going to + do… He/She/It is not (isn’t) going to+ do… 现在进行时 Am I doing …? Are we/you/ they +doing…? Is he / she / it + doing…? I am not (I’m not) doing… We/You/They +are not (aren’t) + doing… He/She/It is not (isn’t) + doing… 过去进行时 Were we/you/they +doing…? Was I/he/she/it + doing…? We /You/They +were not (weren’t) + doing… I/He/She/It was not (wasn’t) + doing… 现在完成时 Have I/we/you/they +done…? Has he/she/it + done…? I/We/You/They have not (haven’t) +done… He/She/It +has not (hasn’t) + done… 课堂小练 一、单项选择 1. Henry will give us a report as soon as he _______. A. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive 2. —Linda, I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone. —I’m sorry. I football with my friends then. A. play B. played C. am playing D. was playing 3. Mr. Green, a famous writer, ________ our school next week. A. visited B. visits C. was visiting D. will visit 4. My grandmother _______ in Yangzhou. She was born there and has never lived anywhere else. A. lived B. lives C. was living D. will live 5. A number of tourists _______ Yangzhou many times because it is such a beautiful city. A. have been to B. has been to C. has gone to D. have gone to 6. Sally took a photo of her friends while they _________ computer games. A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing 7. —Millie, where is Miss Li? —She ______ a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall. A. gives B. gave C. is giving D. has given 8. — Have you had your breakfast yet? —Yes. Mom _____ it for me. A. was cooking B. is cooking C. will cook D. cooked 9. Miss Lin________ a lot of work for the poor area since 2010. A. does B. did C. has done D. will do 二、语法填空 根据时态选择动词的恰当形式填空 1. She usually _______________ (read) a book every evening before bed. 2. Yesterday, we _________________ (visit) the museum and saw some amazing paintings. 3. Look! The children _________________ (fly) kites in the park right now. 4. I _______________(finish) all my exams in the past two days. 5. While I _______________ (cook) dinner last night, the phone suddenly rang. 6. He _________________(live) in Beijing since 2020, and still loves the city. 7. If it _________________ (rain) tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic. 8. At 8 PM yesterday, they ________________(watch) a movie together. 9. Scientists _______________ (believe) that the universe is constantly expanding. 10. I _________________ (never/try) Japanese sushi before, but I want to taste it someday. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $