Unit 4 Then and now 单元话题（时代变迁）阅读理解进阶练15篇-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Then and now 单元话题（时代变迁）阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A Trip to My Hometown Last month, I went back to my hometown with my parents. My hometown is a small town in the north of China. I hadn’t been there for three years, so I was very excited. We took a train to get there. The train ride was about 5 hours. When we arrived, my uncle came to meet us. He drove us to his house. His house is bigger than before — now it has a small garden. My aunt cooked a big dinner for us. We ate dumplings, fish and vegetables. All the food was my favorite. The next day, we visited the town center. There are many new shops and restaurants now. I also went to my old primary school. It looked different too — there is a new playground and a library. I met my old teacher, Ms. Li. She still remembered my name, which made me very happy. On the third day, we went to a park near the town. We walked by the lake and flew kites. The weather was sunny and warm. We took many photos there. Before we left, my uncle gave us some fresh fruit from his garden. I felt a little sad to say goodbye, but I know I will come back soon. This trip made me miss my hometown even more. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did the writer go to his hometown? A．By car. B．By train. C．By bus. D．By plane. 2．How long had the writer not been to his hometown? A．For one year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. 3．What did the writer’s aunt cook for dinner? A．Dumplings, fish and vegetables. B．Rice, chicken and noodles. C．Bread, eggs and milk. D．Hamburgers and chips. 4．What’s new in the writer’s old primary school? A．A new house. B．A new garden. C．A new playground and library. D．A new shop. 5．How did the writer feel when he left his hometown? A．Happy. B．Sad. C．Angry. D．Bored. Life in the Past and Now Life in the past was very different from what it is now. In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand. They grew their own food and rarely bought things from the market. Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters. Now, we can buy all kinds of clothes in the stores. We have a wide variety of food from all over the world. With the development of technology, we can communicate with others instantly through mobile phones, the Internet and other means. In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games. But now, we have TV, computers, video games and many other forms of entertainment. However, the fast-paced modern life also brings some problems. People are often stressed out and have less time for their families. But overall, we enjoy the convenience and richness that modern life brings. 1．How did people make clothes in the past? A．They bought them from the store. B．They made them by machine. C．They made them by hand. D．They ordered them online. 2．What was communication like in the past? A．Fast. B．Instant. C．Slow. D．Easy. 3．What forms of entertainment did people have in the past? A．TV and computers. B．Video games. C．Reading books or playing simple games. D．Watching movies in the cinema. 4．What problems does modern life bring? A．People have no money. B．People are stressed out and have less family time. C．There is no entertainment. D．Communication is difficult. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Life in the past was better. B．Life now is completely perfect. C．Both past and present life have their own advantages and disadvantages. D．We should go back to the past life. The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3,000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings (弦). The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story-tellers played the lute to go with their songs. Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute, but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy, but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today’s classical guitars follow his design. The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don’t look like guitars at all! 1．Which of the following is a lute? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Shapes. B．Sounds. C．Guitars. D．Sizes. 3．In which order did the following happen? a. The first electric guitars appeared. b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy. c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs. A．d-b-c-a B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-c-b D．c-d-a-b 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain how to play the guitar. B．To introduce different types of guitars. C．To compare the guitar with other musical instruments. D．To describe the history of the guitar. 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. My great-grandmother lost her husband early. She worked hard to support (支持) the family. She raised her only daughter—my grandmother and three grandsons. When I was little, she took care of me too. After she moved to the city to live with my grandmother, she became forgetful. She often forgot where she was. Sometimes she thought she was back in the old days—when people made her sweep the streets as a punishment (惩罚). That was why the broom became so important to her. Later, I moved to another city and could only go back during summer and winter holidays. Every time I went back, I would sit beside her. She still held her broom often, even inside the house. Sometimes, she went outside to sweep the streets. And I would go with her and stand quietly by her side, watching her. She moved slowly. The soft sound of the broom seemed to comfort her. And in those quiet moments, I felt we were closer and I knew she felt less lonely. Each time I had to leave, she would call me over. She looked into my eyes and said strange words. Her hands swept over my head, my back and my arms. It was her special way of saying, “I love you. Take care.” During my first year in college, she passed away peacefully. I miss her. I miss the sound of her broom brushing the streets. I miss the way she held it—like it was part of her. Most of all, I miss having a place and a person that made me feel I always have a home to go back to. Every time I see an old broom, or hear the sound of sweeping, I would stop—and for a moment, I feel like I am right back, beside her, again. 1．What did the great-grandmother often forget after she became forgetful? A．When she moved to the city. B．Where she was. C．How to sweep the floor. D．What the writer’s name was. 2．According to the timeline, which shows the right meanings of brooms to the great-grandmother or to the writer? ①Comfort ②A punishment ③A reminder of her A．②③① B．①②③ C．①③② D．②①③ 3．From the passage, the writer’s memory of her great-grandmother mainly comes from________. A．the old broom the great-grandmother left B．the quiet little moments they spent together C．the punishment the great-grandmother got in the past D．the stories her grandmother told about the great-grandmother 4．In which column (专栏) of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Latest News. B．Family Stories. C．Health Reports. D．Travel Guides. 进阶拓展训练5篇 In the past, most Chinese people rode a bicycle or walked for short trips. China’s first bicycles appeared in the late 19th century, but they became popular much later. As time went by, buses and trains became common for longer trips. These changes allowed people to visit family in other cities more easily. Today, China’s high-speed trains are some of the quickest in the world. For example, traveling from Beijing to Shanghai now takes less than five hours, while it took ten hours in the past. The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008. By 2024, China had built about 48,000 kilometers of high-speed train lines, connecting (连接) nearly all big cities in China. This helps workers find jobs in different places. In cities, subways help people move around quickly. Thanks to these developments, more cities have built their own subways. China’s first subway opened in Beijing in 1981, and by 2024 more than 40 cities had built subways. Beijing’s subways are the longest in the world, covering more than 800 kilometers. In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce (农产品) to markets much faster. In mountain areas, workers have built roads through mountains and bridges over rivers. All these changes, from bicycles to high-speed trains, make traveling easier and help our country grow stronger. The government keeps improving roads and bridges so everyone can enjoy better travel services. These improvements are part of China’s great transportation (交通) —a powerful network connecting people and places. 1．When did China’s first high-speed train start running? A．In 2008. B．In 2000. C．In 2024. D．In 1981. 2．What can we know about China’s subways according to the passage? A．The first subway opened in Shanghai. B．More than 40 cities had built subways by 2024. C．Beijing’s subways are only 800 kilometers long. D．Subways are more important than high-speed trains. 3．How do new roads in the countryside help farmers according to the passage? A．They can travel to cities for fun faster. B．They can build more houses along the roads. C．They can send their produce to markets faster. D．They can meet friends in other villages more often. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Bridges in China B．The Growth of Subways in Big Cities C．Better Transportation Helps China Develop D．The Development of High-speed Trains in China My neighbor, Mr. Black, is seventy years old. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and often says that life used to be better than nowadays. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. Yesterday, Mr. Black’s old friend was hit by a car and died. He is very sad now. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. Black’s grandson is a high school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His English teacher told Mr. Black that his grandson failed another test. Mr. Black got very angry with him. Mr. Black thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．________ was hit by a car. A．Mr. Black B．Mr. Black’s wife C．Mr. Black’s grandson D．Mr. Black’s friend 2．Mr. Black thinks that life is ________. A．more comfortable B．worse than it used to be C．the same as it used to be D．better than it used to be 3．What does the underlined word “complains” mean in Chinese? A．考虑 B．期盼 C．抱怨 D．猜测 4．What changes have taken place according to the passage? ① There are lights at home. ② Lots of families own computers. ③ Some families have two or more cars. ④ There is less room for parking. A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 5．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．Mr. Black’s grandson is not interested in the Internet B．Mr. Black is worried about his grandson C．Mr. Black is an English teacher D．Mr. Black likes today’s life more than that of the old days Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill (半山腰). Even though they worked so hard, the production of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about our difficulties, and later, a canal project (灌溉工程) began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Then, I moved to another city for my middle school. During one summer holiday, I came back to my hometown with my parents. When we arrived there, we were astonished because everything changed. We saw the canal ran through every orchard. And my grandma told us that after the canal project was completed, villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill to carry water anymore. And more and more people start planting fruit and the production increased a lot. Thanks to the government’s canal project, it makes the development of our countryside better. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometown. That is where we are from. 1．How did people make money in the village when the writer was young? A．By planting vegetables. B．By feeding animals. C．By planting fruit trees. D．By building canal projects. 2．The difficulty of the villagers was that ________. A．they didn’t have money to buy water B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they didn’t have machines to plant fruit D．they couldn’t go to work in the big city 3．The underlined word “astonished” probably means“________”. A．worried B．afraid C．surprised D．angry 4．In what order did the following things take place? ① A canal project began to be built in the village to solve the water problem. ② The countryside changed a lot because of the canal project. ③ The writer moved to the city for his middle school. ④ The villagers had to go up and down the hill to carry water. A．④③①② B．④①③② C．③②①④ D．③①②④ 5．What message does the writer really want to express to us? A．His village has hardly changed. B．There are many good men in the village. C．Many people come to big cities now. D．A hometown means a lot to us. I used to live in a small town with trees all around. It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown. But I still remember what it was exactly like. And I often “see” it in many of my dreams. My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice. But in the old days it was a poor and backward little town. Many people had no work. They lived a hard life. There was no tall building and the only street was narrow, but trees and flowers made the town beautiful. Just outside the town, there was a river. You could see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water. People here lived a simple life. Since the government (政府) took a new policy, great changes have taken place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theaters have been built one after another. People’s life is greatly improved. You can see tall buildings, big department stores and factories everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the wide streets. But with the development of the industry (工业), we have fewer trees. Air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. And there are also other problems. We should try our best to make it richer. At the same time, we must do something to stop pollution and make our hometown even more beautiful. 1．When did the writer leave his hometown? A．About ten years ago. B．About twenty years ago. C．About thirty years ago. D．About forty years ago. 2．How was the writer’s hometown in the old days? A．Poor but beautiful. B．Rich and beautiful. C．Poor but big. D．Rich and developed. 3．As for the changes of the town, which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The streets have been widened. B．More factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and airports have been built. C．There are more and more cars and buses in the streets. D．Tall buildings, big department stores and factories have been built. 能力综合实践5篇 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 Changing who you are As time goes by, are you still the same person you used to be? Many of you would think you are. But according to a new study, your personality can change greatly. You could be a completely different person at 77, compared to when you were a 14-year-old, reported The Huffington Post. Psychologists at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. The research found that almost everyone’s personality changed when they grew old. The findings are published in a journal called Psychology and Aging. The research is based on a study that began in 1950. A group of teachers gave more than 1,200 14-year-old students personality tests. They tested six basic personality traits: self-confidence, conscientiousness, perseverance, desire to excel, creativity and moods. In 2012, researchers successfully found 174 of the 1,200 students, who were 77 years old on average at the time. They agreed to take a personality test similar to the one they had completed 63 years earlier. Researchers then compared the then-and-now test results. They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people. Moods and conscientiousness had changed less. But there were still not too many similarities between the two results. The younger and older self seemed to be totally different for each person. It was “as if the second tests had been given to different people,” the study’s authors noted. In the past, personality was widely believed to be stable. William James, the father of American psychology, said that personality is “set like plaster”. This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the theory. 1．Psychologists at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did a study on________. A．Chinese people B．Scottish people C．British people D．American people 2．In the study in 1950, teachers gave more than 1,200 14-year-old students________ tests. A．sight B．language C．personality D．oral English 3．How many basic personality traits did the teachers test in 1950? A．One. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．According to the study, we can learn that________. A．there are too many similarities between the younger and older self B．the younger and older self are different for each person C．the younger and older self are similar for each person D．there is no differences between the younger and older self 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Personality is stable. B．Everyone has the same personality. C．Personality may change as people grow older. D．The results of the study are the same. In a heartwarming story, Mr. Sun from Fushun, Liaoning Province, made a video using AI technology to make his grandma happy. He used special computer technology to make himself look and sound like his dad, who had been dead. It took him almost half a month to finish it. Then he sent the video to his 91-year-old grandma. Sun had lots of feelings while making the video. He felt a lot of sadness while thinking of his dad. Sun’s dad died in 2023 because of a serious disease. Sun’s grandma didn’t know about it because her family worried it would make her too sad. They told her that her son was still in hospital far away. However, the grandma missed her son a lot and wanted to talk to him. Sun got a creative idea from movies. He decided to use a computer program to make a video where he looked like his dad. He even had his hair cut to look more like his dad. With the computer program, he changed his face into his father’s in the video and said, “Mom, it’s Jihai, your son. I’m doing well in Beijing.” The video wasn’t very clear, but ______. In fact, Sun made the video to help himself say goodbye to his dad as well and to start a new page in his life. Although it’s hard, Sun wants to be strong like his dad and take care of his family. Now, Sun is taking care of his grandma like his dad would have. 1．What did Mr. Sun use to make the video? A．Some stories. B．AI technology. C．Some movies. D．His family photos. 2．Why did Sun’s grandma know nothing about her son’s death? A．Because she was too old to remember her son. B．Because her family wanted her to start a new page. C．Because she was very busy looking after her family. D．Because her family worried it would bring her too much sadness. 3．Which of the following can be put in the “______” ? A．the grandma knew it was not her son B．the grandma was sad to know her son’s death C．the grandma didn’t like the video at all D．the grandma believed it was really her son 4．What’s Sun’s possible opinion about AI technology? A．It’s helpful. B．It’s terrible. C．It’s worrying. D．It’s unknown. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of AI B．Mother’s Great Love C．A Heartwarming Story D．Ways of Saying Goodbye Now students spend their summer vacation doing many kinds of things, but things were different twenty years ago. In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework. There was more than one child in one family, so the older brothers or sisters usually had to take care of the younger brothers or sisters because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them. Usually, students had a little homework, so they didn’t have much stress (压力). Some students in the countryside often went to climb the mountains, swam or went fishing with their friends during their summer vacation, but they hardly ever went far away. Things are different now. Students have better living conditions now, and they don’t have to do much housework. Most parents often take their children to visit some big cities or go sightseeing. Students can go to many places of great interest, They can also visit their relatives far from them. They can easily take a bus or a high-speed train or even a plane. Most families can afford (负担得起) it. I think students today can enjoy themselves and they are luckier. 1．What did students usually do during their summer vacation twenty years ago? A．They went traveling to big cities. B．They played computer games at home. C．They helped their parents do housework. D．They took part in all kinds of courses. 2．Why did older brothers or sisters take care of younger ones in the past? A．Because younger children liked staying with older ones. B．Because their parents were too busy with work. C．Because it was the rule in the family. D．Because schools asked them to do so. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What students’ life was like in the past. B．How students spend summer vacations now. C．Why students have to do housework today. D．Why students have more stress now. A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. For example, if you find a really old house somewhere, you’ll see that the doors are usually much lower than those today. Why? Because hundreds of years ago, people were shorter. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past, so we grow more. Will our bodies be different in the future (未来)? That’s for sure. And the main reason is that we have more and more technologies (科技), and here are some of the possible differences. However, our bodies in the future may not be as strong as now, because we won’t do a lot of physical work. Some people guess that our legs will get shorter and our feet will get smaller, because we use our feet less. At the same time, our fingers (手指) will get longer, because they will have to do more work together with phones and computers. 1．What were the doors of houses like in the past? A．Shorter. B．Taller. C．Longer. D．Better. 2．What should we do if we want our bodies to be stronger according to the passage? A．We should eat more. B．We should do more physical work. C．We should have better food. D．We should do little housework. 3．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Our feet. B．Our legs. C．Our fingers. D．Our eyes. 16 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 17 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 4 Then and now 单元话题（时代变迁）阅读理解进阶练15篇 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练5篇 A Trip to My Hometown Last month, I went back to my hometown with my parents. My hometown is a small town in the north of China. I hadn’t been there for three years, so I was very excited. We took a train to get there. The train ride was about 5 hours. When we arrived, my uncle came to meet us. He drove us to his house. His house is bigger than before — now it has a small garden. My aunt cooked a big dinner for us. We ate dumplings, fish and vegetables. All the food was my favorite. The next day, we visited the town center. There are many new shops and restaurants now. I also went to my old primary school. It looked different too — there is a new playground and a library. I met my old teacher, Ms. Li. She still remembered my name, which made me very happy. On the third day, we went to a park near the town. We walked by the lake and flew kites. The weather was sunny and warm. We took many photos there. Before we left, my uncle gave us some fresh fruit from his garden. I felt a little sad to say goodbye, but I know I will come back soon. This trip made me miss my hometown even more. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How did the writer go to his hometown? A．By car. B．By train. C．By bus. D．By plane. 2．How long had the writer not been to his hometown? A．For one year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. 3．What did the writer’s aunt cook for dinner? A．Dumplings, fish and vegetables. B．Rice, chicken and noodles. C．Bread, eggs and milk. D．Hamburgers and chips. 4．What’s new in the writer’s old primary school? A．A new house. B．A new garden. C．A new playground and library. D．A new shop. 5．How did the writer feel when he left his hometown? A．Happy. B．Sad. C．Angry. D．Bored. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者和父母回老家探亲的经历，包括交通方式、家乡变化和感受。 1．细节理解题。根据“We took a train to get there.”可知，作者乘火车回老家。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I hadn’t been there for three years”可知，作者三年没回老家了。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“My aunt cooked a big dinner for us. We ate dumplings, fish and vegetables.”可知，作者的婶婶做了饺子、鱼和蔬菜。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It looked different too — there is a new playground and a library.”可知，作者的老学校有了新操场和图书馆。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“I felt a little sad to say goodbye”可知，作者离开家乡时感到难过。故选B。 Life in the Past and Now Life in the past was very different from what it is now. In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand. They grew their own food and rarely bought things from the market. Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters. Now, we can buy all kinds of clothes in the stores. We have a wide variety of food from all over the world. With the development of technology, we can communicate with others instantly through mobile phones, the Internet and other means. In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games. But now, we have TV, computers, video games and many other forms of entertainment. However, the fast-paced modern life also brings some problems. People are often stressed out and have less time for their families. But overall, we enjoy the convenience and richness that modern life brings. 1．How did people make clothes in the past? A．They bought them from the store. B．They made them by machine. C．They made them by hand. D．They ordered them online. 2．What was communication like in the past? A．Fast. B．Instant. C．Slow. D．Easy. 3．What forms of entertainment did people have in the past? A．TV and computers. B．Video games. C．Reading books or playing simple games. D．Watching movies in the cinema. 4．What problems does modern life bring? A．People have no money. B．People are stressed out and have less family time. C．There is no entertainment. D．Communication is difficult. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Life in the past was better. B．Life now is completely perfect. C．Both past and present life have their own advantages and disadvantages. D．We should go back to the past life. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，对比了过去和现在的生活方式，涵盖服装制作、通信、娱乐方式以及现代生活的优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the past, people used to make their own clothes by hand.”可知，过去人们制衣的方式是手工制作。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Communication was slow, mainly by writing letters.”可知，过去的通信特点是缓慢的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the past, people had fewer ways to entertain themselves. They might read books or play simple games.”可知，过去的娱乐形式是读书或玩简单游戏。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“People are often stressed out and have less time for their families.”可知，现代生活的问题是压力和家庭时间减少。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文对比过去与现在生活的优缺点，可推知，过去和现在的生活各有优劣。故选C。 The guitar is one of the most popular musical instruments in the world. Many different cultures have played instruments like the guitar for over 3,000 years. The oldest instrument that we can see today comes from Ancient Egypt. You can see this guitar in a museum in Cairo. It belonged to a singer who sang for the Egyptian queen Hatshepsut. This type of guitar had a long neck and only three strings (弦). The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear. It usually had more strings than a guitar and they were in pairs. From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story-tellers played the lute to go with their songs. Guitars sometimes had pairs of strings like the lute, but the guitar changed over time to use single strings. People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy, but the most important change happened in the 1850s. The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. His idea made the sound of the guitar louder and better. Most of today’s classical guitars follow his design. The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s. The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes. Some electric guitars don’t look like guitars at all! 1．Which of the following is a lute? A． B． C． D． 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Shapes. B．Sounds. C．Guitars. D．Sizes. 3．In which order did the following happen? a. The first electric guitars appeared. b. People used guitars with six single strings in Italy. c. Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger. d. Travelling singers played the lute to go with their songs. A．d-b-c-a B．a-c-d-b C．d-a-c-b D．c-d-a-b 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain how to play the guitar. B．To introduce different types of guitars. C．To compare the guitar with other musical instruments. D．To describe the history of the guitar. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了吉他的历史演变过程，从其古老形式到现代电吉他的出现，展现了吉他随时间不断发展和变化的特点。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The lute is also an ancient instrument similar to a guitar, but it has a short neck and a body like half a pear.”可知，鲁特琴是一种古老的乐器，与吉他相似，但它的琴颈较短，琴身像半个梨。因此，在选项中应选择一个符合鲁特琴这一特征的图形。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段“The electric guitars have a solid body and can make many different sounds. We also find them in many different shapes and sizes.”可知，电吉他的琴身是实心的，可以发出许多不同的声音，而且它们还有许多不同的形状和大小。这里的“them”显然是指前面提到的电吉他，因为后文提到的形状和大小都是用来描述电吉他的。因此，“them”指的是“Guitars（电吉他）”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章内容，我们可以确定以下事件的顺序：首先，根据第二段“From 1100 to 1500, travelling singers and story-tellers played the lute to go with their songs.”可知，d项“游吟歌手弹奏鲁特琴来伴奏他们的歌曲”发生在1100年到1500年之间；其次，根据第三段“People used guitars with six single strings for the first time in the 1600s in Italy”可知，b项“在意大利，人们首次使用六根单弦的吉他”发生在17世纪；再次，根据第三段“The Spanish guitar maker Antonio Torres Jurado made the guitar’s body bigger.”可知，c项“安东尼奥·托雷斯·胡拉多把吉他的琴身做大了”发生在19世纪50年代；最后，根据第四段“The first electric guitars appeared in the 1930s.”可知，a项“第一把电吉他出现了”发生在20世纪30年代。因此，事件的正确顺序是d-b-c-a。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了吉他的古老形式，如古埃及的吉他和鲁特琴，然后讲述了吉他随时间的变化，包括从双弦到单弦的转变、琴身的变大以及电吉他的出现等。整篇文章围绕吉他的历史演变展开，因此主要目的是描述吉他的历史。选项D“描述吉他的历史”符合文章主旨。故选D。 2025 is the 47th year of China’s reform and opening-up (改革开放). People’s lives have greatly changed during these years. Now let’s see what the four people say about the changes. Xu Zhenhe, 57, BeijingI bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores. After taking photos, you had to develop the film (胶卷) to get photos. It cost 15 yuan to develop a roll of film. But I only made 500 yuan for a month Xu Zhaolin, 25, BeijingCamera weren’t common in my father’s time, but now we can buy all kinds of cameras online both from home and abroad. Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary. Huang Kunrong, 72, SichuanWhen I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on. Each person could only get a set number of (定量) them each month. Sometimes people didn’t have enough rice to eat, so they could only eat the stored (存储的) food like sweet potatoes. Xiao Yao, 14, SichuanCompared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day. For us, liangpiao has become history. And we don’t even need paper money. Instead, we use our phones to pay. It’s quite convenient! 1．Xu Zhenhe bought his first camera ________. A．in an online store B．in a Japanese store C．in a store in Sichuan D．in a special store in Beijing 2．What can we infer (推断) from Xu Zhaolin’s words? A．Phone cameras are as good as expensive cameras. B．Expensive cameras will disappear from the market. C．The technology for making cameras has gotten worse. D．Phone cameras have reduced the need for expensive cameras. 3．What was life like when Huang Kunrong was a kid? A．People mainly ate sweet potatoes. B．People didn’t have stored food at home. C．People needed liangpiao to buy daily food. D．People could buy as much food as they wanted. 4．Why does Xiao Yao think life is better now? A．Because they can enjoy different food every day. B．Because they don’t have to use paper money. C．Because they can use phones to take photos. D．Because they can buy food easily in stores. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过四位不同年龄段的人讲述自己生活中的变化，展现中国改革开放47年来人们生活的巨大改变。 1．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhenhe, 57, Beijing I bought my first camera in 1998 in Beijing. It was made in Japan. At that time, you could only buy things from other countries in special stores.”可知，徐振和在北京市的一家特殊商店买了他的第一台相机。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Xu Zhaolin, 25, Beijing … Actually, most of the time, the phone cameras are good enough for us to take photos. So expensive cameras are no longer necessary.”可知，手机相机降低了对昂贵相机的需求。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Huang Kunrong, 72, Sichuan When I was a kid, we had to use liangpiao to buy rice, oil, salt and so on.”可知，黄坤荣小时候人们需要用粮票买日常食物。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Xiao Yao, 14, Sichuan Compared with my grandma, we are leading a much better life now. We can enjoy different kinds of food every day.”可知，肖瑶认为现在生活更好是因为每天能享用不同种类的食物。故选A。 My great-grandmother lost her husband early. She worked hard to support (支持) the family. She raised her only daughter—my grandmother and three grandsons. When I was little, she took care of me too. After she moved to the city to live with my grandmother, she became forgetful. She often forgot where she was. Sometimes she thought she was back in the old days—when people made her sweep the streets as a punishment (惩罚). That was why the broom became so important to her. Later, I moved to another city and could only go back during summer and winter holidays. Every time I went back, I would sit beside her. She still held her broom often, even inside the house. Sometimes, she went outside to sweep the streets. And I would go with her and stand quietly by her side, watching her. She moved slowly. The soft sound of the broom seemed to comfort her. And in those quiet moments, I felt we were closer and I knew she felt less lonely. Each time I had to leave, she would call me over. She looked into my eyes and said strange words. Her hands swept over my head, my back and my arms. It was her special way of saying, “I love you. Take care.” During my first year in college, she passed away peacefully. I miss her. I miss the sound of her broom brushing the streets. I miss the way she held it—like it was part of her. Most of all, I miss having a place and a person that made me feel I always have a home to go back to. Every time I see an old broom, or hear the sound of sweeping, I would stop—and for a moment, I feel like I am right back, beside her, again. 1．What did the great-grandmother often forget after she became forgetful? A．When she moved to the city. B．Where she was. C．How to sweep the floor. D．What the writer’s name was. 2．According to the timeline, which shows the right meanings of brooms to the great-grandmother or to the writer? ①Comfort ②A punishment ③A reminder of her A．②③① B．①②③ C．①③② D．②①③ 3．From the passage, the writer’s memory of her great-grandmother mainly comes from________. A．the old broom the great-grandmother left B．the quiet little moments they spent together C．the punishment the great-grandmother got in the past D．the stories her grandmother told about the great-grandmother 4．In which column (专栏) of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Latest News. B．Family Stories. C．Health Reports. D．Travel Guides. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的曾祖母早年丧夫，辛苦支撑家庭，后来搬到城市生活后变得健忘，但对扫帚有着特殊的情感。作者通过与曾祖母共度的时光，感受到彼此之间的爱与陪伴，在曾祖母去世后，作者十分怀念她，扫帚也成为了作者对曾祖母思念的寄托。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“After she moved to the city to live with my grandmother, she became forgetful. She often forgot where she was.”可知，曾祖母变得健忘后，经常忘记自己在哪里。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sometimes she thought she was back in the old days—when people made her sweep the streets as a punishment (惩罚).”可知，扫帚对于曾祖母来说曾经是一种惩罚；根据第五段“The soft sound of the broom seemed to comfort her.”可知，扫帚对她来说是一种安慰；根据最后一段“Every time I see an old broom, or hear the sound of sweeping, I would stop—and for a moment, I feel like I am right back, beside her, again.”可知，扫帚对于作者来说是能让她想起曾祖母的东西。所以按照时间顺序，扫帚对于曾祖母和作者的意义依次是：惩罚、安慰、能让她想起曾祖母的东西。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“And in those quiet moments, I felt we were closer and I knew she felt less lonely.”以及最后一段作者对与曾祖母共度时光的怀念可知，作者对曾祖母的记忆主要来自于他们一起度过的安静时光。故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章主要讲述了作者与曾祖母之间的故事，属于家庭故事范畴，所以最有可能在报纸的“家庭故事”专栏读到这篇文章。故选B。 进阶拓展训练5篇 In the past, most Chinese people rode a bicycle or walked for short trips. China’s first bicycles appeared in the late 19th century, but they became popular much later. As time went by, buses and trains became common for longer trips. These changes allowed people to visit family in other cities more easily. Today, China’s high-speed trains are some of the quickest in the world. For example, traveling from Beijing to Shanghai now takes less than five hours, while it took ten hours in the past. The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008. By 2024, China had built about 48,000 kilometers of high-speed train lines, connecting (连接) nearly all big cities in China. This helps workers find jobs in different places. In cities, subways help people move around quickly. Thanks to these developments, more cities have built their own subways. China’s first subway opened in Beijing in 1981, and by 2024 more than 40 cities had built subways. Beijing’s subways are the longest in the world, covering more than 800 kilometers. In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce (农产品) to markets much faster. In mountain areas, workers have built roads through mountains and bridges over rivers. All these changes, from bicycles to high-speed trains, make traveling easier and help our country grow stronger. The government keeps improving roads and bridges so everyone can enjoy better travel services. These improvements are part of China’s great transportation (交通) —a powerful network connecting people and places. 1．When did China’s first high-speed train start running? A．In 2008. B．In 2000. C．In 2024. D．In 1981. 2．What can we know about China’s subways according to the passage? A．The first subway opened in Shanghai. B．More than 40 cities had built subways by 2024. C．Beijing’s subways are only 800 kilometers long. D．Subways are more important than high-speed trains. 3．How do new roads in the countryside help farmers according to the passage? A．They can travel to cities for fun faster. B．They can build more houses along the roads. C．They can send their produce to markets faster. D．They can meet friends in other villages more often. 4．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Bridges in China B．The Growth of Subways in Big Cities C．Better Transportation Helps China Develop D．The Development of High-speed Trains in China 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国交通的发展历程，从过去的自行车、步行，到如今的高铁、地铁以及农村新道路等，展现了交通进步对人们生活和国家发展的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first high-speed train in China started running in 2008.”可知，中国第一列高铁于2008年开始运行。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“…and by 202 more than 40 cities had built subways.”可知，到202年已有40多个城市修建了地铁。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the countryside, new roads reach many villages. Farmers can now send their agricultural produce to markets much faster.”可知，农村新道路帮助农民更快地将农产品送到市场。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。细读全文可知，文章围绕中国交通的发展展开，从自行车到高铁、地铁、农村道路，阐述了交通进步让出行更便捷，助力国家发展，Better Transportation Helps China Develop“更好的交通助力中国发展”最符合。故选C。 My neighbor, Mr. Black, is seventy years old. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and often says that life used to be better than nowadays. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. Yesterday, Mr. Black’s old friend was hit by a car and died. He is very sad now. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. Black’s grandson is a high school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His English teacher told Mr. Black that his grandson failed another test. Mr. Black got very angry with him. Mr. Black thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．________ was hit by a car. A．Mr. Black B．Mr. Black’s wife C．Mr. Black’s grandson D．Mr. Black’s friend 2．Mr. Black thinks that life is ________. A．more comfortable B．worse than it used to be C．the same as it used to be D．better than it used to be 3．What does the underlined word “complains” mean in Chinese? A．考虑 B．期盼 C．抱怨 D．猜测 4．What changes have taken place according to the passage? ① There are lights at home. ② Lots of families own computers. ③ Some families have two or more cars. ④ There is less room for parking. A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 5．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．Mr. Black’s grandson is not interested in the Internet B．Mr. Black is worried about his grandson C．Mr. Black is an English teacher D．Mr. Black likes today’s life more than that of the old days 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了Mr. Black对现在生活的种种不满，包括交通变差、孩子沉迷网络等，认为过去的生活更简单快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yesterday, Mr. Black’s old friend was hit by a car and died.”可知，Mr. Black的朋友被车撞了。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. Black thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot.”可知，他认为现在的生活比过去糟糕。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据语境“He always complains about how fast things have changed, and often says that life used to be better…”可知他认为过去的生活更好，说明他对现在的生活不满，因此“complains”意为“抱怨”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Some families even have two or more cars”“parking is becoming a big problem”“Most families own computers now”可知，②③④都是文中提到的变化。未提到①“家里有灯”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“He often stays up late playing computer games… Mr. Black got very angry with him.”可知，Mr. Black对孙子的沉迷网络和成绩担忧。故选B。 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face-to-face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了怀特先生对当下生活变化的感慨与看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days”可知，怀特先生认为过去的生活比现在好，即现在的生活比过去差。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face-to-face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite them during the meal.”可知，人们在餐厅吃饭时不面对面交谈是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，而不是对老师生气，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生的孙子又考试不及格，他非常生气，由此可推测出他很担心他的孙子。故选C。 When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill (半山腰). Even though they worked so hard, the production of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about our difficulties, and later, a canal project (灌溉工程) began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Then, I moved to another city for my middle school. During one summer holiday, I came back to my hometown with my parents. When we arrived there, we were astonished because everything changed. We saw the canal ran through every orchard. And my grandma told us that after the canal project was completed, villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill to carry water anymore. And more and more people start planting fruit and the production increased a lot. Thanks to the government’s canal project, it makes the development of our countryside better. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometown. That is where we are from. 1．How did people make money in the village when the writer was young? A．By planting vegetables. B．By feeding animals. C．By planting fruit trees. D．By building canal projects. 2．The difficulty of the villagers was that ________. A．they didn’t have money to buy water B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they didn’t have machines to plant fruit D．they couldn’t go to work in the big city 3．The underlined word “astonished” probably means“________”. A．worried B．afraid C．surprised D．angry 4．In what order did the following things take place? ① A canal project began to be built in the village to solve the water problem. ② The countryside changed a lot because of the canal project. ③ The writer moved to the city for his middle school. ④ The villagers had to go up and down the hill to carry water. A．④③①② B．④①③② C．③②①④ D．③①②④ 5．What message does the writer really want to express to us? A．His village has hardly changed. B．There are many good men in the village. C．Many people come to big cities now. D．A hometown means a lot to us. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候村子里的人们通过种植果树为生，但由于缺水，产量很低。后来，政府修建了灌溉工程，解决了缺水问题，村子发生了巨大变化，果树的产量也大幅增加。作者表达了对家乡的深厚感情，并提醒人们不要忘记自己的家乡。 1．细节理解题。根据“When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees.”可知，作者年轻时村里的人靠种植果树为生。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Even though they worked so hard, the production of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.”可知，村民的困难是果园缺水。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“because everything changed”可知，因为一切都变了，所以感到惊讶。astonished意为“惊讶的”。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill (半山腰).”，“They learned about our difficulties, and later, a canal project (灌溉工程) began to be built in my village”，“Then, I moved to another city for my middle school”和“When we arrived there, we were astonished because everything changed.”可知，首先是村民需要上下山挑水，接着是灌溉工程开始建设，然后是作者搬到城市上中学，最后是乡村因灌溉工程发生了很大变化。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“However, we should not forget our hometown. That is where we are from.”可知，作者想表达的是家乡对我们来说意义重大。故选D。 I used to live in a small town with trees all around. It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown. But I still remember what it was exactly like. And I often “see” it in many of my dreams. My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice. But in the old days it was a poor and backward little town. Many people had no work. They lived a hard life. There was no tall building and the only street was narrow, but trees and flowers made the town beautiful. Just outside the town, there was a river. You could see different kinds of fish swimming in the clear water. People here lived a simple life. Since the government (政府) took a new policy, great changes have taken place there. The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theaters have been built one after another. People’s life is greatly improved. You can see tall buildings, big department stores and factories everywhere. Different kinds of cars and buses are running in the wide streets. But with the development of the industry (工业), we have fewer trees. Air pollution and water pollution are becoming more and more serious. And there are also other problems. We should try our best to make it richer. At the same time, we must do something to stop pollution and make our hometown even more beautiful. 1．When did the writer leave his hometown? A．About ten years ago. B．About twenty years ago. C．About thirty years ago. D．About forty years ago. 2．How was the writer’s hometown in the old days? A．Poor but beautiful. B．Rich and beautiful. C．Poor but big. D．Rich and developed. 3．As for the changes of the town, which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The streets have been widened. B．More factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and airports have been built. C．There are more and more cars and buses in the streets. D．Tall buildings, big department stores and factories have been built. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 【导语】本文是记叙文，作者在文章中描述了家乡的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“It has been about thirty years since I left my hometown.”可知，作者离开家乡大约三十年了。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“But in the old days it was a poor and backward little town.”以及“There was no tall building and the only street was narrow, but trees and flowers made the town beautiful.”可知，作者的家乡过去是贫穷落后的小镇，后文提到镇外树木和鲜花使小镇变得美丽，因此选项A描述正确。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theaters have been built one after another.”可知，新建了工厂、学校、医院、影院和剧院，未提及机场。故选B。 能力综合实践5篇 Mr. White is sixty years old. He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days. Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic (交通) in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers nowadays drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting (闲聊) with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life was simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 1．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very simple. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it was. C．He thinks the life is the same as it was. D．He thinks the life now is more comfortable. 2．Why do people say nothing face to face during a meal in the restaurant? A．Because it is strange. B．Because they don’t know each other. C．Because they don’t sit opposite each other. D．Because they are busy in looking at their phones. 3．Which statement (陈述) is WRONG according to the passage? A．Mr. White got angry with the teacher. B．Mr. White’s grandson often plays computer games. C．Some people like chatting with others on the phone. D．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the passage? A．Mr. White is a worker in a factory. B．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了怀特先生抱怨事物变化得快，他常说过去生活得更好。 1．细节理解题。根据“He always talks about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life in the past was better than it is these days.”可知，怀特先生认为现在的生活不如以前的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the people who sit opposite to them during the meal.”可知，人们吃饭时面对面什么也不说是因为他们忙着看手机。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可知，怀特先生是对他的孙子生气，不是对老师生气。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spends less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed (失败) another test. Mr. White got very angry with him.”可推知，怀特先生很担心他的孙子。故选C。 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 Changing who you are As time goes by, are you still the same person you used to be? Many of you would think you are. But according to a new study, your personality can change greatly. You could be a completely different person at 77, compared to when you were a 14-year-old, reported The Huffington Post. Psychologists at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people. The research found that almost everyone’s personality changed when they grew old. The findings are published in a journal called Psychology and Aging. The research is based on a study that began in 1950. A group of teachers gave more than 1,200 14-year-old students personality tests. They tested six basic personality traits: self-confidence, conscientiousness, perseverance, desire to excel, creativity and moods. In 2012, researchers successfully found 174 of the 1,200 students, who were 77 years old on average at the time. They agreed to take a personality test similar to the one they had completed 63 years earlier. Researchers then compared the then-and-now test results. They were surprised to find great changes to all six personality traits of these people. Moods and conscientiousness had changed less. But there were still not too many similarities between the two results. The younger and older self seemed to be totally different for each person. It was “as if the second tests had been given to different people,” the study’s authors noted. In the past, personality was widely believed to be stable. William James, the father of American psychology, said that personality is “set like plaster”. This new study may bring some fresh ideas to the theory. 1．Psychologists at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did a study on________. A．Chinese people B．Scottish people C．British people D．American people 2．In the study in 1950, teachers gave more than 1,200 14-year-old students________ tests. A．sight B．language C．personality D．oral English 3．How many basic personality traits did the teachers test in 1950? A．One. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 4．According to the study, we can learn that________. A．there are too many similarities between the younger and older self B．the younger and older self are different for each person C．the younger and older self are similar for each person D．there is no differences between the younger and older self 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Personality is stable. B．Everyone has the same personality. C．Personality may change as people grow older. D．The results of the study are the same. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文通过一项贯穿了62年的研究，证实人们的性格并不是以前所说的一直不变，而是可能会发生很多变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Psychologists at the UK’s University of Edinburgh did the study on a group of Scottish people.”可知，英国爱丁堡大学的心理学家对苏格兰人进行了一项研究。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The research is based on a study that began in 1950. A group of teachers gave more than 1,200 14-year-old students personality tests.”可知，在研究中一组教师对1200多名14岁的学生进行了性格测试。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“They tested six basic personality traits: self-confidence, conscientiousness, perseverance, desire to excel, creativity and moods.”可知，在193年的研究中测试了六种基本人格特质。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段的描述可以推断，对于每个人来说，年轻的自己和年长的自己不同。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。本文通过总分总的结构，通过一项贯穿了62年的研究，证实人们的性格并不是以前所说的一直不变，而是可能会发生很多变化。故选C。 In a heartwarming story, Mr. Sun from Fushun, Liaoning Province, made a video using AI technology to make his grandma happy. He used special computer technology to make himself look and sound like his dad, who had been dead. It took him almost half a month to finish it. Then he sent the video to his 91-year-old grandma. Sun had lots of feelings while making the video. He felt a lot of sadness while thinking of his dad. Sun’s dad died in 2023 because of a serious disease. Sun’s grandma didn’t know about it because her family worried it would make her too sad. They told her that her son was still in hospital far away. However, the grandma missed her son a lot and wanted to talk to him. Sun got a creative idea from movies. He decided to use a computer program to make a video where he looked like his dad. He even had his hair cut to look more like his dad. With the computer program, he changed his face into his father’s in the video and said, “Mom, it’s Jihai, your son. I’m doing well in Beijing.” The video wasn’t very clear, but ______. In fact, Sun made the video to help himself say goodbye to his dad as well and to start a new page in his life. Although it’s hard, Sun wants to be strong like his dad and take care of his family. Now, Sun is taking care of his grandma like his dad would have. 1．What did Mr. Sun use to make the video? A．Some stories. B．AI technology. C．Some movies. D．His family photos. 2．Why did Sun’s grandma know nothing about her son’s death? A．Because she was too old to remember her son. B．Because her family wanted her to start a new page. C．Because she was very busy looking after her family. D．Because her family worried it would bring her too much sadness. 3．Which of the following can be put in the “______” ? A．the grandma knew it was not her son B．the grandma was sad to know her son’s death C．the grandma didn’t like the video at all D．the grandma believed it was really her son 4．What’s Sun’s possible opinion about AI technology? A．It’s helpful. B．It’s terrible. C．It’s worrying. D．It’s unknown. 5．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of AI B．Mother’s Great Love C．A Heartwarming Story D．Ways of Saying Goodbye 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了辽宁抚顺的孙先生利用AI技术制作视频，让自己看起来和听起来像已故的父亲，以此安慰 91 岁奶奶的暖心故事，还介绍了制作视频的背景、过程及孙先生的初衷。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“In a heartwarming story, Mr. Sun from Fushun, Liaoning Province, made a video using AI technology to make his grandma happy.”可知，孙先生用人工智能技术制作了一段视频。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Sun’s grandma didn’t know about it because her family worried it would make her too sad.”可知，因为她的家人担心这会让她太伤心，所以没有告诉奶奶她的儿子去世了。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文中“The video wasn’t very clear, but…”的转折的语气可知，奶奶相信那个人真的是她的儿子，选项D符合语境。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“In fact, Sun made the video to help himself say goodbye to his dad as well and to start a new page in his life. ”及通读全文可知，使用AI技术做的视频能让奶奶开心，也能帮助自己告别父亲，开启人生新篇章，因此孙先生可能会认为人工智能技术非常有帮助。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据文中“In a heartwarming story, Mr. Sun from Fushun, Liaoning Province, made a video using AI technology to make his grandma happy.”及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个感人的故事。选项C“一个感人的故事”符合题意。故选C。 Now students spend their summer vacation doing many kinds of things, but things were different twenty years ago. In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework. There was more than one child in one family, so the older brothers or sisters usually had to take care of the younger brothers or sisters because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them. Usually, students had a little homework, so they didn’t have much stress (压力). Some students in the countryside often went to climb the mountains, swam or went fishing with their friends during their summer vacation, but they hardly ever went far away. Things are different now. Students have better living conditions now, and they don’t have to do much housework. Most parents often take their children to visit some big cities or go sightseeing. Students can go to many places of great interest, They can also visit their relatives far from them. They can easily take a bus or a high-speed train or even a plane. Most families can afford (负担得起) it. I think students today can enjoy themselves and they are luckier. 1．What did students usually do during their summer vacation twenty years ago? A．They went traveling to big cities. B．They played computer games at home. C．They helped their parents do housework. D．They took part in all kinds of courses. 2．Why did older brothers or sisters take care of younger ones in the past? A．Because younger children liked staying with older ones. B．Because their parents were too busy with work. C．Because it was the rule in the family. D．Because schools asked them to do so. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．What students’ life was like in the past. B．How students spend summer vacations now. C．Why students have to do housework today. D．Why students have more stress now. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文对比了二十年前和现在学生的暑假生活：过去学生多帮父母做家务、照顾弟妹，作业少压力小，娱乐活动多在本地；现在学生生活条件改善，无需多做家务，父母常带他们去大城市旅游或探亲，出行方式便捷，能享受更多乐趣。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In the past, students usually spent their summer vacation helping their parents do housework”可知，二十年前学生暑假通常“帮父母做家务”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“because their parents had to go to work and had no time to look after them”可知，父母“忙于工作没时间照顾弟妹”，因此哥哥姐姐要承担照顾责任。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。第三段开篇点明“现在情况不同了”，随后围绕“学生无需多做家务、父母带他们旅游探亲、出行方式便捷”等内容，详细描述了“现在学生的暑假生活”。故选B。 A long time ago, people were very different from the way we are now. For example, if you find a really old house somewhere, you’ll see that the doors are usually much lower than those today. Why? Because hundreds of years ago, people were shorter. Most of us now have much better food than people in the past, so we grow more. Will our bodies be different in the future (未来)? That’s for sure. And the main reason is that we have more and more technologies (科技), and here are some of the possible differences. However, our bodies in the future may not be as strong as now, because we won’t do a lot of physical work. Some people guess that our legs will get shorter and our feet will get smaller, because we use our feet less. At the same time, our fingers (手指) will get longer, because they will have to do more work together with phones and computers. 1．What were the doors of houses like in the past? A．Shorter. B．Taller. C．Longer. D．Better. 2．What should we do if we want our bodies to be stronger according to the passage? A．We should eat more. B．We should do more physical work. C．We should have better food. D．We should do little housework. 3．What does the underlined word “they” refer to? A．Our feet. B．Our legs. C．Our fingers. D．Our eyes. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了很久以前人们的身体特征与现在的不同，并探讨了未来人们身体可能发生的变化及原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“you’ll see that the doors are usually much lower than those today”可知过去的门通常比现在的低很多。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“However, our bodies in the future may not be as strong as now, because we won’t do a lot of physical work”可知未来我们的身体可能不如现在强壮，因为我们将不会做很多体力劳动，由此可推知如果我们想让身体更强壮，应该多做体力劳动。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“At the same time, our fingers (手指) will get longer, because they will have to do more work together with phones and computers.”可知与此同时，我们的手指会变长，因为它们将不得不与手机和电脑一起做更多的工作，由此可知they指代的是前面的fingers。故选C。 22 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 23 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $