专题1 名词、冠词（B卷·能力提升）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第1个专题，内容为名词、冠词。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题1 名词、冠词（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. The company has made ______ to improve working conditions, but there is still ______ to be done. A. a progress; much B. progress; many C. progress; much D. progresses; many 2. I don't have ______ for people who are always late. It's a sign of disrespect. A. a patience B. the patience C. patience D. some patience 3. As ______ writer, she has ______ unique ability to describe complex emotions. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the 4. The police are gathering ______ about the case. Any ______, no matter how small, could be important. A. information; information B. informations; informations C. information; informations D. informations; information 5. — "How did you travel across Europe?" — "We traveled mostly by ______ train, but we also took ______ train from Paris to Lyon." A. /; the B. the; a C. /; a D. the; the 6. After ten years abroad, he felt a strong sense of ______ and decided to return to his ______. A. belonging; home B. belonging; house C. belongings; home D. belongings; house 7. The project requires ______ specialized ______, which is hard to find in our small town. A. a; equipment B. /; equipment C. a; equipments D. /; equipments 8. ______ number of students in our school is 300, ______ number of students have lunch in the dining hall. A. A; the B. The; a C. The; the D. A; a 9. The manager has ______ in his team's ______ to complete the difficult task. A. a faith; ability B. faith; ability C. faith; abilities D. the faith; the ability 10. What ______! The same model of car is now on sale at half ______ price I paid last month. A. a pity; a B. pity; the C. a pity; the D. pity; a 11. Finding ______ in a foreign country can be challenging, especially when you don't speak ______ language. A. work; the B. a work; a C. work; a D. a work; the 12. The shop is at ______ of the street. Let's meet at ______ in half an hour. A. an end; the John's B. the end; John's C. an end; John's D. the end; the John's 13. He gained ______ from reading, which greatly broadened his ______. A. a knowledge; view B. knowledge; views C. knowledges; view D. knowledge; view 14. ______ English is known for its complex spelling, but ______ English spoken in daily life is much simpler. A. The; the B. /; the C. The; / D. /; / 15. The manager valued his ______ for his honesty and ______. A. advice; experience B. advices; experiences C. advice; experiences D. advices; experience 16. In ______, AI technology will likely change ______ way we live and work. A. the future; the B. future; a C. the future; a D. future; the 17. She has ______. She's going to the ______ to get some medicine. A. a sore throat; chemist's B. sore throat; chemist C. a sore throat; chemist D. sore throat; chemist's 18. There's ______ on the desk. Could you please throw it away? A. a paper B. some papers C. paper D. a piece of paper 19. As ______ volunteer, he showed ______ great courage during the rescue. A. a; / B. the; a C. a; a D. /; the 20. The company is planning to update all its ______ to keep up with ______ latest technology. A. equipment; the B. equipments; the C. equipment; / D. equipments; / 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Nowadays, short video apps like TikTok and Douyin are extremely popular, especially among young people. These platforms offer endless 15 to 60-second videos that are fun and engaging. While they provide quick entertainment, many educators and parents are worried about their impact. The biggest concern is the effect on attention spans. Getting used to very short and fast-paced content may make it harder for students to focus on longer tasks, such as reading a book or sitting through a 45-minute class. Their brains get used to receiving new information every few seconds, so slower-paced activities become boring. On the other hand, short videos are not all bad. They can be a great tool for learning if used correctly. For example, students can find quick tutorials on English grammar, science experiments, or cooking skills. They can also discover new hobbies and connect with people who share the same interests. The key is to find a balance. It is important to enjoy the entertainment that short videos offer, but also to manage screen time wisely. Students should make sure that these apps do not take time away from their studies, physical exercise, and face-to-face social interactions. 21. What is the main topic of this passage? A. The history of video apps. B. The influence of short videos on attention spans. C. How to make popular short videos. D. The cost of using TikTok and Douyin. 22. Why are educators and parents worried about short videos? A. Because they are too expensive. B. Because they might make it difficult for students to focus in class. C. Because they are not fun to watch. D. Because they teach the wrong skills. 23. Which of the following is mentioned as a **positive** aspect of short videos? A. They help students sleep better. B. They can be a useful learning tool. C. They replace the need for teachers. D. They are cheaper than textbooks. 24. What does the author suggest students do? A. Stop using short video apps completely. B. Only watch videos about their hobbies. C. Find a balance and manage their screen time. D. Watch videos during class time. 25. The word "engaging" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. boring and long B. interesting and attractive C. difficult to understand D. free to download 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In today's world, the ability to work in a team is becoming (26) ________ (increase) important. Last month, our teacher asked us to complete a group (27) ________. At first, we didn't know how to organize our team (28) ________ (proper). Some members were quite (29) ________ (silence) during discussions, while others talked too much. We also had (30) ________ different opinions on how to divide the work. However, we soon learned to listen to (31) ________ other patiently. We discovered that each person had unique (32) ________ (strong) to contribute. The most creative (33) ________ (suggest) actually came from our quietest member. Through this experience, I realized that teamwork doesn't mean everyone must be (34) ________ same. Instead, it's about respecting differences and making (35) ________ (we) weaknesses become strengths together. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第1个专题，内容为名词、冠词。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题1 名词、冠词（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. The company has made ______ to improve working conditions, but there is still ______ to be done. A. a progress; much B. progress; many C. progress; much D. progresses; many 【答案】C 【详解】考查不可数名词。progress（进步）为不可数名词，不能用`a`修饰，也没有复数形式，故排除A和D。much修饰不可数名词，many修饰可数名词。后半句"there is still...to be done"中，to be done暗示事情（work, things）是不可数或抽象概念，用much更合适。句意：公司在改善工作条件方面已取得进展，但还有很多事要做。 2. I don't have ______ for people who are always late. It's a sign of disrespect. A. a patience B. the patience C. patience D. some patience 【答案】C 【详解】考查抽象名词的冠词用法。patience（耐心）是抽象名词，此处表示泛指"耐心"这种品质，而非特指，故用零冠词。have patience for sb./sth.是固定搭配，意为"对...有耐心"。句意：我对那些总是迟到的人没有耐心。 3. As ______ writer, she has ______ unique ability to describe complex emotions. A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。第一空，表示"作为一名作家"，是泛指，用不定冠词`a`。第二空，`ability`（能力）后通常有不定式短语作定语（to describe...），这种被限定的抽象名词前常用不定冠词`a`，表示"一种...的能力"。句意：作为一名作家，她有一种描述复杂情感的独特能力。 4. The police are gathering ______ about the case. Any ______, no matter how small, could be important. A. information; information B. informations; informations C. information; informations D. informations; information 【答案】A 【详解】考查不可数名词。information（信息）是不可数名词，没有复数形式。因此，两空都应用`information`。句意：警方正在收集关于此案的信息。任何信息，无论多小，都可能很重要。 5. — "How did you travel across Europe?" — "We traveled mostly by ______ train, but we also took ______ train from Paris to Lyon." A. /; the B. the; a C. /; a D. the; the 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词在交通工具用法中的特指与泛指。** 第一空，`by train`是固定搭配，表示交通方式，用零冠词。第二空，此处非固定搭配，`train`作为可数名词，指"某一趟从巴黎到里昂的火车"，是泛指，故用不定冠词`a`。句意：— "你们怎么穿越欧洲的？" — "我们大部分乘火车，但也坐了一趟从巴黎到里昂的火车。" 6. After ten years abroad, he felt a strong sense of ______ and decided to return to his ______. A. belonging; home B. belonging; house C. belongings; home D. belongings; house 【答案】A 【详解】考查易混名词辨析。belonging作不可数名词时，意为"归属感"；`belongings`为复数名词，意为"所有物，财物"。`home`强调"家，家乡"，带有情感色彩；`house`主要指"房子"，物理建筑。根据句意"在海外十年后，他产生了强烈的归属感，决定回到他的家乡"，第一空用`belonging`，第二空用`home`。 7. The project requires ______ specialized ______, which is hard to find in our small town. A. a; equipment B. /; equipment C. a; equipments D. /; equipments 【答案】B 【详解】考查不可数名词与冠词。equipment（设备）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除C和D。它也不能被不定冠词`a`直接修饰，故排除A。`specialized equipment`（专业设备）在此处是泛指，故用零冠词。句意：这个项目需要专业的设备，这在我们小镇很难找到。 8.______ number of students in our school is 300, ______ number of students have lunch in the dining hall. A. A; the B. The; a C. The; the D. A; a 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定短语中的冠词。短语"the number of”和“a number of”，前者表示 ⋯的数量，作主语时指的是数量，表示单数，谓语用单数形式；后者表示许多 ⋯做主语时，主要指的是后面所接的名词，表示复数，谓语用复数形式。且原句中文意思为“我们学校有300名学生，有一些学生在食堂吃午饭”，前半句强调数量，即我们学校学生的数量是300，用短语“the number of”；后半句强调的是一些学生在学校吃饭，一些学生表示复数，用短语“a number of”。综上所述答案为“The number of；a number of”。 9. The manager has ______ in his team's ______ to complete the difficult task. A. a faith; ability B. faith; ability C. faith; abilities D. the faith; the ability 【答案】B 【详解】考查抽象名词与冠词。faith（信任，信心）和ability（能力）在此处均为抽象名词，表示泛指的概念，故都用零冠词。have faith in（信任...）是固定搭配。ability to do sth.（做某事的能力）也是常见结构。句意：经理信任他的团队完成这项困难任务的能力。 10. What ______! The same model of car is now on sale at half ______ price I paid last month. A. a pity; a B. pity; the C. a pity; the D. pity; a 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句与冠词。第一空，What a pity!（真遗憾！）是固定感叹句结构，其中`pity`是可数名词单数。第二空，price后面有定语从句`I paid last month`（我上个月付的）修饰，是特指，故用定冠词the。句意：真遗憾！同款车现在正在以我上个月付的半价出售。 名词与冠词能力提升练习 答案及详解** 11. Finding ______ in a foreign country can be challenging, especially when you don't speak ______ language. A. work; the B. a work; a C. work; a D. a work; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查抽象名词与定冠词。第一空，work作"工作"讲时是不可数抽象名词，泛指"工作"这一概念，用零冠词。第二空，the language特指前面提到的"foreign country"所使用的"那种语言"，故用定冠词the。 12. The shop is at ______ of the street. Let's meet at ______ in half an hour. A. an end; the John's B. the end; John's C. an end; John's D. the end; the John's 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定搭配与名词所有格。第一空，at the end of（在...的尽头）是固定短语。第二空，表示"在某人店铺/家"时，用所有格 `'s`，且前面不加冠词，如at the doctor's, at my sister's, at John's。 13. He gained ______ from reading, which greatly broadened his ______. A. a knowledge; view B. knowledge; views C. knowledges; view D. knowledge; view 【答案】B 【详解】考查抽象名词的具体化与用法。knowledge（知识）是不可数名词，但表示"对...的了解"时，可用a knowledge of。然而，gain knowledge（获取知识）是常见搭配，此处为泛指，用零冠词。view 作"看法，见解"讲时为可数名词，broaden one's views（开阔某人的视野）是固定搭配，用复数形式。 14. ______ English is known for its complex spelling, but ______ English spoken in daily life is much simpler. A. The; the B. /; the C. The; / D. /; / 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词用于专有名词和特指。第一空，English（英语）作为语言名称，是专有名词，前面用零冠词。第二空，English 后面有过去分词spoken作定语限定，特指"日常生活中被讲的英语"，故用定冠词the。 15. The manager valued his ______ for his honesty and ______. A. advice; experience B. advices; experiences C. advice; experiences D. advices; experience 【答案】A 【详解】考查抽象名词的可数性。advice（建议）是不可数名词，没有复数形式。experience 作"经验"讲时是不可数名词；作"经历"讲时是可数名词。根据句意"经理因他的诚实和经验而看重他的建议"，第一空用advice，第二空用表示"经验"的不可数名词 experience。 16. In ______, AI technology will likely change ______ way we live and work. A.the future; the B. future; a C. the future; a D. future; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定短语与定冠词。第一空，in the future（在未来）是固定短语。第二空，way 后面有定语从句 we live and work 修饰，是特指"我们生活和工作的方式"，故用定冠词the。 17. She has ______. She's going to the ______ to get some medicine. A. a sore throat; chemist's B. sore throat; chemist C. a sore throat; chemist D. sore throat; chemist's 【答案】A 【详解】考查疾病名词与地点所有格。have a sore throat（喉咙痛）是固定搭配，疾病名前有不定冠词a。第二空，表示"去药店"用 go to the chemist's（英式表达），chemist's 是 chemist's shop 的省略，用所有格形式。 18. There's ______ on the desk. Could you please throw it away? A. a paper B. some papers C. paper D. a piece of paper 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词的可数性及其量化表达。paper作"纸"讲时是不可数名词。a paper可以指"一份文件/报纸/论文"；papers 常指"多份文件/证件"。根据句意"桌上有张纸"，需要表达一张纸的物理实体，应用a piece of paper。 19. As ______ volunteer, he showed ______ great courage during the rescue. A. a; / B. the; a C. a; a D. /; the 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。第一空，volunteer是单数可数名词，表示"一名志愿者"，需用不定冠词a。第二空，courage（勇气）是抽象名词，前面通常不加冠词。great courage 表示"巨大的勇气"，是泛指。 20. The company is planning to update all its ______ to keep up with ______ latest technology. A. equipment; the B. equipments; the C. equipment; / D. equipments; / 【答案】A 【详解】考查不可数名词与定冠词。Equipment（设备）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除B和D。第二空，technology 是抽象名词，但被latest（最新的）修饰，表示特指"最新的技术"，故前面需加定冠词the。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Nowadays, short video apps like TikTok and Douyin are extremely popular, especially among young people. These platforms offer endless 15 to 60-second videos that are fun and engaging. While they provide quick entertainment, many educators and parents are worried about their impact. The biggest concern is the effect on attention spans. Getting used to very short and fast-paced content may make it harder for students to focus on longer tasks, such as reading a book or sitting through a 45-minute class. Their brains get used to receiving new information every few seconds, so slower-paced activities become boring. On the other hand, short videos are not all bad. They can be a great tool for learning if used correctly. For example, students can find quick tutorials on English grammar, science experiments, or cooking skills. They can also discover new hobbies and connect with people who share the same interests. The key is to find a balance. It is important to enjoy the entertainment that short videos offer, but also to manage screen time wisely. Students should make sure that these apps do not take time away from their studies, physical exercise, and face-to-face social interactions. 21. What is the main topic of this passage? A. The history of video apps. B. The influence of short videos on attention spans. C. How to make popular short videos. D. The cost of using TikTok and Douyin. 22. Why are educators and parents worried about short videos? A. Because they are too expensive. B. Because they might make it difficult for students to focus in class. C. Because they are not fun to watch. D. Because they teach the wrong skills. 23. Which of the following is mentioned as a **positive** aspect of short videos? A. They help students sleep better. B. They can be a useful learning tool. C. They replace the need for teachers. D. They are cheaper than textbooks. 24. What does the author suggest students do? A. Stop using short video apps completely. B. Only watch videos about their hobbies. C. Find a balance and manage their screen time. D. Watch videos during class time. 25. The word "engaging" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. boring and long B. interesting and attractive C. difficult to understand D. free to download 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了短视频应用流行的现象，重点分析了其可能对人们（尤其是学生）的注意力持续时间产生的负面影响，同时也指出了其作为学习工具的积极一面，并提出了合理使用的建议。 【解析】21. 主旨大意题。题干问：这篇文章的主要话题是什么？文章开篇引出短视频现象，随后第二段核心论述了“The biggest concern is the effect on attention spans.”（最大的担忧是对注意力持续时间的影响），并在后文对此进行了正反两面的讨论。因此，全文核心话题是短视频对注意力的影响。故答案为B。 22. 细节理解题。题干问：为什么教育者和家长担心短视频？文章第二段明确指出，最大的担忧是对注意力持续时间的影响，并具体说明“make it harder for students to focus on longer tasks, such as... sitting through a 45-minute class.”（使得学生更难专注于更长时间的任务，例如上完45分钟的课）。这直接对应了选项B“它们可能让学生上课难以集中注意力”。 23. 细节理解题。题干问：下列哪项被提及为短视频的**积极**面？文章第三段开头说“On the other hand, short videos are not all bad. They can be a great tool for learning...”（另一方面，短视频并非全是坏处。它们可以成为很好的学习工具...），并举例说明了其在学习方面的用途。因此答案为B。 24. 推理判断题。题干问：作者建议学生做什么？文章最后一段给出了明确的建议“The key is to find a balance.”（关键是找到平衡），并具体说明要“manage screen time wisely”（明智地管理屏幕使用时间）。因此答案为C。 25. 词义猜测题。题干问：第一段的“engaging”在意思上最接近哪一项？“engaging”修饰的是那些有趣、吸引人的短视频。其词义应为“有吸引力的，迷人的”。因此，最接近的意思是B“有趣且吸引人的”。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In today's world, the ability to work in a team is becoming (26) ________ (increase) important. Last month, our teacher asked us to complete a group (27) ________. At first, we didn't know how to organize our team (28) ________ (proper). Some members were quite (29) ________ (silence) during discussions, while others talked too much. We also had (30) ________ different opinions on how to divide the work. However, we soon learned to listen to (31) ________ other patiently. We discovered that each person had unique (32) ________ (strong) to contribute. The most creative (33) ________ (suggest) actually came from our quietest member. Through this experience, I realized that teamwork doesn't mean everyone must be (34) ________ same. Instead, it's about respecting differences and making (35) ________ (we) weaknesses become strengths together. 【参考答案与解析】： 26. increasingly (副词) - 考查词性转换，修饰形容词"important"需用副词形式。 27. project (自由填空) - 考查名词，根据语境“完成小组...”填写合理名词。 28. properly (副词) - 考查词性转换，修饰动词"organize"需用副词形式。 29. silent (形容词) - 考查词性转换，系动词"were"后接形容词作表语。 30. too (自由填空) - 考查副词，修饰"different"，表示“太多不同意见”。 31.each (自由填空) - 考查固定搭配，each other（彼此）。 32. strengths (名词) - 考查词性转换，unique strengths表示“独特的优势”。 33. suggestion (名词) - 考查词性转换，形容词最高级后接名词。 34. the (自由填空) - 考查固定搭配，the same（相同的）。 35. our (代词) - 考查词性转换，修饰名词"weaknesses"需用形容词性物主代词。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $