专题1 名词、冠词（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第1个专题，内容为名词、冠词。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题1 名词、冠词（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. We need to buy some ______ for the new apartment, like a sofa and a dining table. A. furniture B. furnitures C. furniture pieces D. piece of furniture 2. It's ______ honor to be invited to speak at ______ international conference. A. an; an B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an 3. Could you please give me ______ on how to learn English well? A. an advice B. some advice C. some advices D. a few advice 4. Look! There are many ______ playing in the park. A. child B. childs C. children D. childrens 5. My father is ______ engineer. He works in a big factory. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. I have ______ to do today. Can we meet tomorrow instead? A. many works B. many work C. a lot of work D. a lot of works 7. This is not my book. It's ______. A. Mary B. Marys C. Mary's D. Marys' 8. ______ sun is shining brightly today. Let's go for a walk. A. A B. An C. The D. / 9. We should eat more ______ and ______ to keep healthy. A. fruit; vegetable B. fruits; vegetables C. fruit; vegetables D. fruits; vegetable 10. He plays ______ guitar very well, but he doesn't like playing ______ basketball. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / 11. My grandfather has a wide ______ of stamps from different countries; it's his favorite hobby. A. group B. collection C. set D. pile 12. There is ______ "u" and ______ "s" in the word "use". A. a; a B. a; an C. an; a D. an; an 13. How ______ did the new computer cost? A. many B. much C. few D. little 14. All the ______ teachers are having a meeting in the hall. A. woman B. women C. woman's D. women's 15. I usually have ______ breakfast at 7 o'clock, but today I didn't have ______ time. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; / 16. Could you pass me ______? I want to write down your phone number. A. a paper B. some paper C. a piece of paper D. papers 17. This is ______ most interesting story I have ever read. A. a B. an C. the D. / 18. There are three ______ and two ______ in the room. A. Japanese; German B. Japanese; Germans C. Japaneses; German D. Japaneses; Germans 19. Before you decide on a holiday, it's a good idea to check the travel ______ online. A. schedule B. plan C. arrangement D. program 20. Let's go to the library. We need ______. A. some information B. some informations C. an information D. a few information 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） In recent years, especially after the pandemic, a new travel trend has become popular around the world—the "staycation." A staycation means people choose to spend their holidays in or near their hometown instead of traveling to faraway places. There are several reasons for this trend. Firstly, staycations are much cheaper. People can save money on expensive plane tickets and long-distance transportation. Secondly, staycations are less stressful. There is no need to worry about flight delays, lost luggage, or language barriers. People can truly relax at their own pace. Thirdly, staycations help local economies. When people spend money in local restaurants, museums, and parks, it supports small businesses in their own community. However, some people argue that staycations are not as exciting as traditional vacations. They believe that exploring new cultures and landscapes is a core part of a holiday's value. Despite this, for many, the comfort and convenience of a staycation outweigh the drawbacks. It allows for a different way to discover the hidden beauty of one's own city. 21. What is a "staycation"? A. A long vacation to a foreign country. B. A holiday spent in or near one's hometown. C. A business trip during the holiday. D. A short trip for studying purposes. 22. Which is NOT mentioned as a reason for the popularity of staycations? A. Saving money. B. Reducing stress. C. Improving language skills. D. Supporting local businesses. 23. According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of a staycation? A. It is too expensive for most families. B. It might not be as exciting as traveling afar. C. It often causes flight delays. D. It requires a lot of physical effort. 24. The word "outweigh" in the last paragraph most probably means ______. A. is less important than B. is equal to C. is greater than D. is similar to 25. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To encourage people to travel abroad. B. To explain a new holiday trend and its pros and cons. C. To complain about the high cost of traditional vacations. D. To advertise for local restaurants and parks. 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Artificial Intelligence is now changing our way of learning. Many students, including me, are using AI tools to help with (26) ________ (we) homework. Last week, I had to write (27)_________ a short report for my English class. I used an AI tool to gather some basic (28) ________. It provided me with many (29) ________ and helped me correct grammar mistakes. The process was quite (30) ________ (efficiency). However, our teacher warned us not to depend on it (31) ________. She said AI should be a tool for assistance, not for (32) ________. We still need to do our own (33) ________ (think). I believe that if we use AI (34) ________, it can become our best study partner. It makes learning more (35)__________ interesting and effective. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第1个专题，内容为名词、冠词。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题1 名词、冠词（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. We need to buy some ______ for the new apartment, like a sofa and a dining table. A. furniture B. furnitures C. furniture pieces D. piece of furniture 【答案】A 【详解】考查不可数名词。furniture（家具）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能直接被不定冠词"a"或数词修饰。表示“一些家具”用"some furniture"。选项B形式错误；选项C和D虽然语法可能正确，但不如A直接和地道。 2. It's ______ honor to be invited to speak at ______ international conference. A. an; an B. a; the C. an; the D. the; an 【答案】C 【详解】考查冠词。第一空，"honor"以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词"an"，构成"an honor"（一种荣誉）。第二空，"international conference"是特指双方都知道的那个会议，故用定冠词"the"。 3. Could you please give me ______ on how to learn English well? A. an advice B. some advice C. some advices D. a few advice 【答案】B 【详解】考查不可数名词。advice（建议）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能用"a/an"或"a few"（修饰可数名词）修饰。表示“一些建议”用"some advice"。 4. Look! There are many ______ playing in the park. A. child B. childs C. children D. childrens 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词复数的不规则变化。child（孩子）的复数形式是不规则的"children"。选项A是单数形式，与"many"和"are"矛盾；选项B和D是错误拼写。 5. My father is ______ engineer. He works in a big factory. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定冠词。此处表示“一个工程师”的身份，且"engineer"以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词"an"。 6. I have ______ to do today. Can we meet tomorrow instead? A. many works B. many work C. a lot of work D. a lot of works 【答案】C 【详解】考查不可数名词。work作“工作”讲时是不可数名词。"many"修饰可数名词复数，"a lot of"可修饰可数和不可数名词。故"a lot of work"（很多工作）是正确表达。 7. This is not my book. It's ______. A. Mary B. Marys C. Mary's D. Marys' 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词所有格。表示有生命的名词（Mary）的所有格，通常在词尾加 's。选项C "Mary's" = Mary's book。 8. ______ sun is shining brightly today. Let's go for a walk. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【详解】考查定冠词。世界上独一无二的事物（如sun, moon, earth）前要加定冠词"the"。 9. We should eat more ______ and ______ to keep healthy. A. fruit; vegetable B. fruits; vegetables C. fruit; vegetables D. fruits; vegetable 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词的可数性。fruit通常作不可数名词，表示水果的总称；vegetable（蔬菜）是可数名词，常用复数形式表示一类。因此"more fruit and vegetables"（更多的水果和蔬菜）是正确搭配。 10. He plays ______ guitar very well, but he doesn't like playing ______ basketball. A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; / 【答案】B 【详解】考查冠词在固定搭配中的用法。演奏乐器时，乐器名词前要加定冠词"the"（play the guitar）。进行球类运动时，球类名词前不加任何冠词（play basketball）。 11. My grandfather has a wide ______ of stamps from different countries; it's his favorite hobby. A. group B. collection C. set D. pile 【答案】B 【详解】考查名词词义辨析及固定搭配。** "collection"专指“收藏品，收集物”，"a collection of stamps"即“邮票收藏”。"group"（组，群），"set"（一套，一组），"pile"（一堆）都不能准确表达“精心收集的系列藏品”这层含义。 12. There is ______ "u" and ______ "s" in the word "use". A. a; a B. a; an C. an; a D. an; an 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定冠词。选择用"a"还是"an"取决于其后单词的首音素，而不是首字母。"u"发音为[ju:]，以辅音音素[j]开头，故用"a"；"s"发音为[es]，以元音音素[e]开头，故用"an"。 13. How ______ did the new computer cost? A. many B. much C. few D. little 【答案】B 【详解】考查疑问词修饰名词。询问价格“多少钱”用"How much..."。cost是动词，表示“花费”。 14. All the ______ teachers are having a meeting in the hall. A. woman B. women C. woman's D. women's 【答案】D 【详解】考查名词作定语及所有格。名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，若为man/woman，需与被修饰名词保持数的一致。被修饰的"teachers"是复数，故用"women"。此处"女老师们"是一个特定的群体，表示所有关系，应用所有格形式"women's"。 15. I usually have ______ breakfast at 7 o'clock, but today I didn't have ______ time. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; / D. /; / 【答案】D 【详解】考查零冠词。** 三餐（breakfast, lunch, dinner）前通常不加冠词。第二空的"time"在此处是“时间”的意思，不可数，在此语境中为泛指“没有时间”，前面也不加冠词。 16. Could you pass me ______? I want to write down your phone number. A. a paper B. some paper C. a piece of paper D. papers 【答案】C 【详解】考查不可数名词的量化表达。paper作“纸”讲时是不可数名词。表示“一张纸”需要用量词"a piece of"。选项A"a paper"可能指“一份报纸”或“一篇论文”；选项B"some paper"是“一些纸”，范围不具体；选项D"papers"常指“文件，试卷”。 17. This is ______ most interesting story I have ever read. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【详解】考查冠词。当"most"前有不定冠词"a"时，意为“非常，很”，"a most interesting story"意为“一个非常有趣的故事”。如果表示最高级“最有趣的”，前面应用定冠词"the"，但句中是"I have ever read"提示这是最高级语境，但此处是易混点，实际上"a most + adj."是固定用法，相当于"a very"。 18. There are three ______ and two ______ in the room. A. Japanese; German B. Japanese; Germans C. Japaneses; German D. Japaneses; Germans 【答案】B 【详解】考查国籍名词的单复数。Japanese（日本人）单复数同形。German（德国人）的复数是规则变化的"Germans"。 19. Before you decide on a holiday, it's a good idea to check the travel ______ online. A. schedule B. plan C. arrangement D. program 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。"schedule" 特指“（工作、旅行、课程等的）时间表，日程安排”，常与交通、旅行等语境连用。"travel schedule"指“旅行日程”。"plan"（计划）和"arrangement"（安排）含义较广，不如"schedule"精准。"program"多指“（演出、活动等的）节目单”或“计算机程序”。 20. Let's go to the library. We need ______. A. some information B. some informations C. an information D. a few information 【答案】A 【详解】考查不可数名词。information（信息）是不可数名词，没有复数形式，也不能用"a/an"或"a few"（修饰可数名词）修饰。表示“一些信息”用"some information"。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） In recent years, especially after the pandemic, a new travel trend has become popular around the world—the "staycation." A staycation means people choose to spend their holidays in or near their hometown instead of traveling to faraway places. There are several reasons for this trend. Firstly, staycations are much cheaper. People can save money on expensive plane tickets and long-distance transportation. Secondly, staycations are less stressful. There is no need to worry about flight delays, lost luggage, or language barriers. People can truly relax at their own pace. Thirdly, staycations help local economies. When people spend money in local restaurants, museums, and parks, it supports small businesses in their own community. However, some people argue that staycations are not as exciting as traditional vacations. They believe that exploring new cultures and landscapes is a core part of a holiday's value. Despite this, for many, the comfort and convenience of a staycation outweigh the drawbacks. It allows for a different way to discover the hidden beauty of one's own city. 21. What is a "staycation"? A. A long vacation to a foreign country. B. A holiday spent in or near one's hometown. C. A business trip during the holiday. D. A short trip for studying purposes. 22. Which is NOT mentioned as a reason for the popularity of staycations? A. Saving money. B. Reducing stress. C. Improving language skills. D. Supporting local businesses. 23. According to the passage, what is one disadvantage of a staycation? A. It is too expensive for most families. B. It might not be as exciting as traveling afar. C. It often causes flight delays. D. It requires a lot of physical effort. 24. The word "outweigh" in the last paragraph most probably means ______. A. is less important than B. is equal to C. is greater than D. is similar to 25. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To encourage people to travel abroad. B. To explain a new holiday trend and its pros and cons. C. To complain about the high cost of traditional vacations. D. To advertise for local restaurants and parks. 【答案】 21. B 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍并讨论了近年来兴起的“宅度假”（Staycation）这一旅行趋势，分析了其受欢迎的原因及其存在的优缺点。 【解析】21. 细节理解题。题干问：什么是“宅度假”？根据文章第一段第二句“A staycation means people choose to spend their holidays in or near their hometown instead of traveling to faraway places.”可知，“宅度假”指的是人们选择在家乡或家乡附近度假，而不是去遥远的地方。因此答案为B。 22. 细节理解题。题干问：下列哪项没有被提及为“宅度假”流行的原因？文章第二段明确提到了“cheaper”（更便宜，对应A），“less stressful”（压力更小，对应B）和“help local economies”（帮助当地经济，对应D）。全文并未提及“提高语言技能”（improving language skills）。因此答案为C。 23. 细节理解题。题干问：根据文章，宅度假的一个缺点是什么？文章第三段开头提到“However, some people argue that staycations are not as exciting as traditional vacations.”（然而，一些人认为宅度假不如传统度假那么令人兴奋）。因此答案为B。 24. 词义猜测题。题干问：最后一段的“outweigh”最可能是什么意思？根据上下文“the comfort and convenience... outweigh the drawbacks”可知，此处在比较“舒适便利”和“缺点”。由于文章整体对宅度假持积极态度，可推断“舒适便利”是大于/超过“缺点”的。因此“outweigh”意为“比...更重要/更大”，故选C。 25.主旨大意题。题干问：这篇文章的主要目的是什么？通读全文，第一段引入“宅度假”概念，第二段分析其优点，第三段讨论其缺点并总结。因此，文章的目的是解释一种新的度假趋势及其利弊。故答案为B。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Artificial Intelligence is now changing our way of learning. Many students, including me, are using AI tools to help with (26) ________ (we) homework. Last week, I had to write (27)_________ a short report for my English class. I used an AI tool to gather some basic (28) ________. It provided me with many (29) ________ and helped me correct grammar mistakes. The process was quite (30) ________ (efficiency). However, our teacher warned us not to depend on it (31) ________. She said AI should be a tool for assistance, not for (32) ________. We still need to do our own (33) ________ (think). I believe that if we use AI (34) ________, it can become our best study partner. It makes learning more (35)__________ interesting and effective. 【参考答案与解析】： 26.our (代词) - 考查物主代词，修饰名词"homework"。 27.a (冠词) - 考查不定冠词，泛指"一份报告"。 28. information (自由填空) - 考查名词，根据语境“收集基本信息”填写。 29. ideas (自由填空) - 考查名词复数，"many"后接可数名词复数。 30. efficient (形容词) - 考查词性转换，系动词"was"后接形容词作表语。 31. completely (自由填空) - 考查副词，修饰动词"depend"。 32. laziness (自由填空) - 考查名词，介词"for"后接名词，根据语义对比“辅助工具”而非“懒惰的工具”。 33. thinking (动名词/名词) - 考查词性转换，"do"的宾语，用动名词/名词形式。 34. wisely (自由填空) - 考查副词，修饰动词"use"。 35. interesting (形容词) - 考查形容词，与"effective"并列，作宾语补足语。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $