Unit 3 Special clothes 派生法记单词 清单- 2024-2025学年高中英语重大版必修第三册

该高中英语知识清单聚焦重大版必修3 Unit 3“Special clothes”主题，以派生法为核心梳理词汇体系。从原词出发，通过词性转换、词缀添加等派生规则生成派生词，结合中英双语例句构建“原词-派生词-语境应用”的词汇学习支架。 知识链路以“原词解析-派生规则-语境应用”为逻辑主线，每个词汇配备中英例句强化理解。通过构词法规律培养学习能力，借助语境例句提升语言运用能力，原词与派生词的关联对比促进思维品质发展，为词汇深度学习提供结构化方法。

重大版 必修3 Unit 3 Special clothes.派生法记单词 序号 原词 原词例句 派生词 派生词例句 1 application n. 应用；申请 他提交了大学申请，并在文书中说明专业知识在实践中的应用。 He submitted a college application and explained the application of professional knowledge in practice in the essay. 1. apply v. 应用；申请 2. applicable adj. 适用的 1. 她申请了志愿者岗位，并将所学的沟通技巧应用到服务中。She applied for a volunteer position and applied her communication skills to the service.2. 这些学习方法适用于高中阶段，能帮助我们提高学习效率。These learning methods are applicable to the high school stage and can help us improve learning efficiency. 2 bother vi. 费心；麻烦 vt. 打扰 不要为琐碎的小事费心，以免打扰他人的工作节奏。Don't bother with trivial things, so as not to bother others' work rhythm. 1. bothersome adj. 烦人的 2. bother n. 麻烦 1. 整理杂乱的书桌是件烦人的事，但完成后会很有成就感。Organizing a messy desk is a bothersome task, but you will feel a sense of accomplishment after finishing it.2. 我不想成为别人的麻烦，所以尽量自己解决生活中的问题。I don't want to be a bother to others, so I try to solve life's problems by myself. 3 dare vi. 敢；敢于 他不敢在众人面前发言，害怕自己表达不好被嘲笑。He dare not speak in front of a crowd, fearing that he would be laughed at for poor expression. daring adj. 勇敢的；大胆的 那个勇敢的女孩大胆尝试了高空跳伞，挑战了自己的心理极限。That daring girl boldly tried skydiving and challenged her psychological limit. 4 nail n. 钉子 vt. 钉牢 他用钉子把木板钉牢，制作了一个简易的书架。He nailed the board with nails to make a simple bookshelf. 1. nail polish n. 指甲油2. nail-like adj. 钉子般的 1. 她涂了淡粉色指甲油，让双手在阳光下显得更精致。She applied light pink nail polish to make her hands look more delicate in the sun.2. 海边有很多钉子般的尖锐石头，走路时一定要小心脚下。There are many nail-like sharp stones by the sea; you must watch your step when walking. 5 sharp adj. 刺耳的；强烈的；锋利的 刺耳的警报声响起，提醒大家远离锋利的工具，注意安全。A sharp alarm sounded, reminding everyone to stay away from sharp tools and pay attention to safety. 1. sharply adv. 尖锐地；急剧地2. sharpness n. 锋利；尖锐 1. 近期蔬菜价格急剧上涨，专家尖锐地指出了供应链存在的问题。Vegetable prices have risen sharply recently, and experts pointed out the problems in the supply chain sharply.2. 这把刀的锋利度很高，使用时要集中注意力，避免划伤手。The sharpness of this knife is very high; you must concentrate when using it to avoid cutting your hand. 6 ache n. 疼痛 vi. 疼痛 长时间低头看手机导致头痛，颈椎也隐隐疼痛。Looking down at the phone for a long time caused a headache, and the cervical spine also ached faintly. 1. ache n. 持续性疼痛2. aching adj. 疼痛的 1. 这种持续性的关节疼痛需要热敷缓解，不能忽视。This persistent joint ache needs to be relieved by hot compress and cannot be ignored.2. 运动后疼痛的肌肉需要适当按摩，帮助恢复活力。The aching muscles after exercise need proper massage to help regain vitality. 7 awkward adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的 在陌生人面前摔倒很尴尬，他笨拙地爬起来，脸都红了。Falling in front of strangers was awkward, and he got up awkwardly, his face turning red. 1. awkwardly adv. 尴尬地；笨拙地2. awkwardness n. 尴尬；笨拙 1. 他尴尬地笑了笑，笨拙地解释自己迟到的原因。He smiled awkwardly and explained the reason for his lateness awkwardly.2. 那一刻的尴尬让他说不出话，只能站在原地不知所措。The awkwardness of that moment left him speechless, and he could only stand there at a loss. 8 merry adj. 愉快的 圣诞树下堆满礼物，大家脸上都洋溢着愉快的笑容。The Christmas tree was piled with gifts, and everyone's face was filled with a merry smile. 1. merrily adv. 愉快地2. merriment n. 欢乐 1. 孩子们围着篝火愉快地唱歌，歌声传遍了整个村庄。Children sang merrily around the campfire, and the songs spread throughout the village.2. 晚会上的欢乐气氛感染了每个人，大家都忘记了所有烦恼。The merriment at the party infected everyone, and everyone forgot all their troubles. 9 wedding n. 婚礼 他们的婚礼在郊外的草坪举行，蓝天和鲜花让场景格外浪漫。Their wedding was held on a suburban lawn, and the blue sky and flowers made the scene extremely romantic. wedding-related adj. 与婚礼相关的 她正在采购与婚礼相关的物品，比如婚纱、请柬和装饰花。She is purchasing wedding-related items, such as a wedding dress, invitations and decorative flowers. 10 broad adj. 宽阔的；广泛的 宽阔的马路上车辆有序行驶，他通过阅读积累了广泛的知识。Vehicles drove in order on the broad road, and he accumulated broad knowledge through reading. 1. broadly adv. 广泛地2. breadth n. 宽度；广度 1. 这个环保理念被广泛地接受，越来越多的人加入低碳生活。This environmental concept is broadly accepted, and more and more people join low-carbon life.2. 这条河的宽度超过50米，需要乘坐渡船才能到达对岸。The breadth of this river exceeds 50 meters, and you need to take a ferry to reach the other side. 11 fade vt./vi. 褪色；凋谢 这件衬衫在阳光下渐渐褪色，花园里的玫瑰花也开始凋谢。This shirt faded gradually in the sun, and the roses in the garden also began to fade. 1. faded adj. 褪色的；枯萎的2. fading adj. 逐渐消失的 1. 她穿着褪色的牛仔裤，手里捧着枯萎的花束，看起来有些失落。She wore faded jeans and held a withered bouquet in her hand, looking a little lost.2. 逐渐消失的夕阳把天空染成橘红色，美得让人驻足欣赏。The fading sunset dyed the sky orange-red, so beautiful that people stopped to appreciate it. 12 assure vt. 使确信；保证 老师向我们保证，只要坚持练习，英语成绩一定会提高，让大家确信努力有回报。The teacher assured us that as long as we keep practicing, our English grades will definitely improve, making everyone assured that hard work pays off. 1. assurance n. 保证；确信2. assured adj. 确信的；有把握的 1. 父母的保证让我安心，我确信自己能顺利通过这次考试。My parents' assurance made me feel at ease, and I have the assurance that I can pass this exam smoothly.2. 她脸上露出有把握的笑容，因为对自己的演讲内容非常熟悉。She had an assured smile on her face because she was very familiar with the content of her speech. 13 over-wear vt. 使过度磨损 这件外套因为经常穿而过度磨损，袖口和领口都破了。This coat was over-worn due to frequent use, and the cuffs and collar were broken. 1. wear v. 穿着；磨损2. worn adj. 磨损的 1. 他每天都穿着这件夹克，时间久了，面料就慢慢磨损了。He wore this jacket every day, and over time, the fabric gradually wore out.2. 这双磨损的运动鞋见证了他的运动时光，他一直舍不得扔掉。This pair of worn sports shoes witnessed his sports days, and he has been reluctant to throw them away. 14 washer n. 洗衣机；洗涤器 家里的洗衣机坏了，暂时只能用洗涤器手动清洗小件衣物。The washer at home is broken, so we can only use the washer to clean small clothes manually for the time being. 1. wash v. 洗2. washing n. 洗涤 1. 她每天都要洗很多衣服，从早到晚都在做洗涤相关的家务。She has to wash a lot of clothes every day, doing washing-related housework from morning to night.2. 周末的洗涤任务很重，需要把积攒一周的衣服都洗干净。The washing task on weekends is heavy, and we need to wash all the clothes accumulated for a week. 15 patch n. 补丁 vt. 修补 妈妈用彩色补丁修补了我的牛仔裤，让原本破旧的裤子变得很有特色。Mother patched my jeans with colorful patches, making the originally shabby pants very distinctive. patched adj. 打补丁的 那条打补丁的外套是爷爷年轻时穿的，现在成了家里的纪念物。That patched coat was worn by grandpa when he was young, and now it has become a family souvenir. 16 shed n. 棚；小屋 vt. 脱落 院子里的棚屋用来存放农具，秋天到了，树上的叶子开始脱落。The shed in the yard is used to store farm tools, and when autumn comes, the leaves on the trees begin to shed. 1. shed-like adj. 棚屋般的2. shedding n. 脱落 1. 那个棚屋般的小房子是临时仓库，存放着救灾用的物资。That shed-like small house is a temporary warehouse, storing materials for disaster relief.2. 宠物狗换毛期的毛发脱落很严重，家里到处都是狗毛。The shedding of the pet dog's hair is very serious during the molting period, and there is dog hair everywhere in the house. 17 rip n. 撕裂(处) vt./vi. 撕裂 他不小心撕裂了作业本，纸上留下了一道明显的撕裂处。He accidentally ripped his homework book, leaving an obvious rip on the paper. 1. ripped adj. 撕裂的2. ripping n. 撕裂 1. 这件撕裂的T恤不能再穿了，需要重新买一件新的。This ripped T-shirt can't be worn anymore; we need to buy a new one.2. 纸张的撕裂声很刺耳，打破了图书馆安静的氛围。The ripping of the paper was very harsh, breaking the quiet atmosphere of the library. 18 branch n. 分支；树枝 这棵老槐树的树枝上有很多分支，夏天能遮挡大片阳光。The branches of this old locust tree have many branches, which can block a lot of sunlight in summer. 1. branch v. 分支2. branching adj. 分支的 1. 这条主干道在前方分支，一条通往市中心，一条通往郊区。This main road branches ahead, one leading to the city center and the other to the suburbs.2. 分支的小路错综复杂，第一次来这里很容易迷路。The branching paths are intricate, and it's easy to get lost when coming here for the first time. 19 tailor n. 裁缝 vt. 定制 裁缝为他定制了一套西装，无论是尺寸还是款式都非常合身。The tailor tailored a suit for him, which fits perfectly in both size and style. tailoring n. 裁缝业；剪裁 这家店的剪裁技术在裁缝业很有名，很多人都专程来这里做衣服。The tailoring technology of this shop is famous in the tailoring industry, and many people come here specially to make clothes. 20 withstand vt. 承受；抵御 这座大桥能承受万吨重量，还能抵御强烈的台风和洪水。This bridge can withstand ten thousand tons of weight and can also withstand strong typhoons and floods. withstandable adj. 可承受的 这些学习压力是可承受的，只要合理安排时间就能轻松应对。These study pressures are withstandable; you can deal with them easily as long as you arrange your time reasonably. 21 partner n. 伙伴；合伙人 他和大学同学成为合伙人，共同创办了一家科技公司，是彼此最信任的伙伴。He became a partner with his college classmate and co-founded a technology company, being each other's most trusted partner. 1. partner v. 与……合作2. partnered adj. 合作的 1. 我们公司与国外企业合作，共同研发了这款新型产品。Our company partnered with a foreign enterprise to jointly develop this new product.2. 这个合作的项目进展顺利，预计下个月就能完成并投入市场。This partnered project is progressing smoothly and is expected to be completed and put on the market next month. 22 owner n. 物主；主人 这栋老房子的主人是一位退休教师，他也是附近公园的管理者。The owner of this old house is a retired teacher, and he is also the manager of the nearby park. 1. own v. 拥有2. own adj. 自己的 1. 他拥有一辆新能源汽车，每天开着它上下班，这是他自己的财产。He owns a new energy car and drives it to and from work every day; it is his own property.2. 每个人都应该珍惜自己的物品，养成妥善保管的好习惯。Everyone should cherish their own items and develop the good habit of keeping them properly. 23 fashion n. 时髦；流行式样 今年的流行式样是阔腿裤，很多年轻人都追求这种时髦风格。This year's fashion style is wide-leg pants, and many young people pursue this fashionable style. 1. fashionable adj. 时髦的2. fashion v. 塑造 1. 她穿着时髦的连衣裙，搭配一双高跟鞋，看起来很有气质。She wore a fashionable dress with a pair of high heels, looking very elegant.2. 父母的教育对塑造孩子的性格有重要影响，能帮助他们形成正确的价值观。Parents' education has an important impact on fashioning children's personalities and can help them form correct values. 24 fashionable adj. 时髦的；流行的 这款智能手机的设计很时髦，是今年最流行的款式之一。The design of this smartphone is fashionable, and it is one of the most popular styles this year. 1. fashionably adv. 时髦地2. fashion n. 时髦 1. 她总是时髦地打扮自己，紧跟时尚潮流却不盲目跟风。She always dresses fashionably, keeping up with fashion trends without following them blindly.2. 追求时髦需要结合自身特点，才能穿出属于自己的风格。Pursuing fashion needs to be combined with one's own characteristics to wear one's own style. 25 uniform n. 制服；统一的服装 学生们穿着统一的服装，也就是学校的制服，整齐地排列在操场上。Students wore uniform clothing, that is, the school uniform, and lined up neatly on the playground. uniform adj. 统一的 公司制定了统一的规章制度，要求所有员工严格遵守。The company has formulated uniform rules and regulations, requiring all employees to abide by them strictly. 26 leather n. 皮；皮革 这双鞋子是用优质皮革制成的，不仅耐穿，还很透气。This pair of shoes is made of high-quality leather, which is not only durable but also breathable. leather-made adj. 皮革制的 那个皮革制的手提包很实用，能装下电脑和日常用品。That leather-made handbag is very practical and can hold a computer and daily necessities. 27 fibre n. 纤维 这种粗粮富含膳食纤维，经常食用对肠胃健康很有益。This kind of coarse grain is rich in dietary fibre, and regular consumption is very beneficial to gastrointestinal health. fibrous adj. 纤维的 这些纤维的材料很环保，常用于制作购物袋和环保餐具。These fibrous materials are very environmentally friendly and are often used to make shopping bags and environmentally friendly tableware. 28 cloth n. 布；衣料 妈妈买了一块柔软的棉布，打算用这种衣料给我做一件衬衫。Mother bought a piece of soft cotton cloth and planned to make a shirt for me with this cloth. 1. clothing n. 衣物（集合名词）2. clothe v. 给……穿衣 1. 这家商店出售各种衣物，从内衣到外套一应俱全。This store sells all kinds of clothing, from underwear to coats.2. 冬天天气寒冷，要给孩子穿足够的衣服，避免着凉感冒。It's cold in winter; we need to clothe the child with enough clothes to avoid catching a cold. 29 company n. 公司；陪伴 他在一家互联网公司工作，下班回家后有家人的陪伴，生活很幸福。He works in an Internet company and has the company of his family after work, living a happy life. 1. accompany v. 陪伴2. companion n. 同伴 1. 朋友陪伴我度过了最困难的时期，这份情谊让我很珍惜。My friend accompanied me through the most difficult period, and I cherish this friendship very much.2. 旅行时有个好同伴很重要，可以互相照顾，分享旅途趣事。Having a good companion when traveling is very important; you can take care of each other and share interesting travel stories. 30 leisure n. 空闲；业余时间 他利用空闲时间阅读经典书籍，在业余时间培养自己的兴趣爱好。He uses his leisure time to read classic books and develop his hobbies in his spare time. 1. leisurely adj. 悠闲的；从容的2. leisurely n. 悠闲 1. 退休后，他过上了悠闲的生活，每天从容地散步、下棋。After retiring, he lived a leisurely life, walking and playing chess leisurely every day.2. 周末的悠闲时光很珍贵，他喜欢泡一杯茶，安静地享受这份悠闲。The leisurely time on weekends is precious; he likes to make a cup of tea and quietly enjoy this leisure. 31 golfer n. 打高尔夫球的人 那位专业的打高尔夫球的人技术高超，多次在国际比赛中获奖。That professional golfer has superb skills and has won awards in international competitions many times. 1. golf v. 打高尔夫球2. golf n. 高尔夫球 1. 他每个周末都会去球场打高尔夫球，这项运动能让他放松心情。He goes to the course to golf every weekend; this sport can help him relax.2. 高尔夫球需要耐心和技巧，不是短时间内就能熟练掌握的。Golf requires patience and skills, which cannot be mastered proficiently in a short time. 32 golf n. 高尔夫球 他们在风景优美的高尔夫球场打高尔夫球，度过了愉快的周末。They played golf on a beautiful golf course and spent a happy weekend. 1. golf v. 打高尔夫球2. golfer n. 打高尔夫球的人 1. 他刚开始学习打高尔夫球，经常向专业的打高尔夫球的人请教技巧。He just started learning to golf and often asks professional golfers for skills.2. 那位打高尔夫球的人很热心，愿意免费指导像他这样的初学者。That golfer is very enthusiastic and willing to guide beginners like him for free. 33 firm n. 商行；公司 adj. 牢固的 这家小型商行虽然规模不大，但产品质量很牢固，在市场上很受欢迎。Although this small firm is not large in scale, its product quality is firm and it is very popular in the market. firmly adv. 坚定地；牢固地 他坚定地相信自己的选择，牢固地树立了未来的职业目标。He firmly believes in his choice and has firmly established his future career goals. 34 ski vi. 滑雪 n. 滑雪板 他踩着滑雪板在雪山上滑雪，享受着速度带来的刺激感。He skied on the snow-capped mountain with skis, enjoying the excitement brought by speed. 1. skiing n. 滑雪运动2. skier n. 滑雪者 1. 滑雪运动虽然刺激，但存在一定风险，需要做好安全防护。Skiing is exciting, but it has certain risks and requires good safety protection.2. 每个滑雪者都要遵守滑雪场的规则，避免发生碰撞事故。Every skier must abide by the rules of the ski resort to avoid collision accidents. 35 absorb vt. 吸收(水、热、光等)；理解 海绵能快速吸收水分，我们也要认真吸收课堂知识，理解其中的逻辑。Sponges can absorb water quickly, and we should also carefully absorb classroom knowledge and understand the logic in it. 1. absorption n. 吸收；理解2. absorbent adj. 吸水的；能吸收的 1. 植物通过根系的吸收作用获取养分，对知识的理解也需要主动思考。Plants obtain nutrients through the absorption of roots, and the absorption of knowledge also requires active thinking.2. 这种吸水的纸巾很适合擦手，能快速吸干手上的水分。This absorbent tissue is very suitable for wiping hands and can quickly absorb water from hands. 36 tight adj. 紧的；紧身的 这条裤子太紧了，尤其是腰部，作为紧身款式确实不太舒服。This pair of pants is too tight, especially around the waist; as a tight style, it is really uncomfortable. 1. tightly adv. 紧紧地2. tightness n. 紧度 1. 他紧紧地握住我的手，让我不要害怕黑暗中的雷声。He held my hand tightly and told me not to be afraid of the thunder in the dark.2. 调整一下腰带的紧度，确保跑步时不会松动。Adjust the tightness of the belt to ensure it won't loosen when running. 37 pleasing adj. 令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的 她的笑容令人愉快，性格也很讨人喜欢，身边的人都愿意和她做朋友。Her smile is pleasing, and her personality is also pleasing; people around her are willing to be friends with her. 1. please v. 使高兴2. pleased adj. 高兴的 1. 他努力学习是为了使父母高兴，不辜负他们的期望。He studies hard to please his parents and live up to their expectations.2. 看到孩子在比赛中获奖，父母脸上露出了高兴的笑容。Seeing the child win an award in the competition, the parents had a pleased smile on their faces. 38 hand-wash n. 手洗 vt. 手洗 这件羊毛衫需要手洗，手洗能更好地保护面料，避免变形。This woolen sweater needs hand-wash; hand-wash can better protect the fabric and avoid deformation. 1. wash v. 洗2. washing n. 洗涤 1. 她用手洗的方式清洗羊毛衫，这种洗涤方法比机洗更温和。She washed the woolen sweater by hand; this washing method is gentler than machine washing.2. 手洗后的衣物需要平铺晾干，不能暴晒，以免损伤纤维。Clothes after hand-wash need to be laid flat to dry and cannot be exposed to the sun to avoid damaging the fibres. 39 stripe n. 条纹；线条 这件衬衫上有蓝色的竖条纹，线条很整齐，显得很正式。This shirt has blue vertical stripes, and the stripes are neat, looking very formal. striped adj. 有条纹的 他穿着有条纹的短袖衬衫，搭配卡其裤，看起来很休闲得体。He wore a striped short-sleeve shirt with khaki pants, looking very casual and appropriate. 40 thermal adj. 热的；保暖的 这件保暖的羽绒服能产生热量，在零下十度的天气里也很暖和。This thermal down jacket can generate heat and is very warm even in weather of minus ten degrees. thermal n. 保暖衣物（复数“thermals”） 冬天穿保暖衣物很重要，这套thermals能有效抵御寒冷，保护身体。Wearing thermals in winter is very important; this set of thermals can effectively resist the cold and protect the body. 41 wearer n. 穿戴者 这件衣服的设计充分考虑了穿戴者的舒适度，活动起来很方便。The design of this clothes fully considers the comfort of the wearer, making it easy to move. 1. wear v. 穿戴2. worn adj. 磨损的 1. 穿戴者经常穿戴这件外套，导致袖口处的面料变得磨损。The wearer often wears this coat, causing the fabric at the cuffs to become worn.2. 这件磨损的围巾是穿戴者的最爱，即使旧了也舍不得丢弃。This worn scarf is the wearer's favorite; even if it is old, he is reluctant to throw it away. 第 1 页 共 10 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $