Unit 3 Friends and friendship词汇拓展短语（二）清单-2025-2026学年高中英语重大版必修第二册

该高中英语知识清单聚焦重大版必修3“Friends and friendship”单元，系统拓展主题相关词汇短语。从日常交际中的邀请、习俗表达，到情感体验中的失望、悲伤描述，再到想象、警告等功能意念，构建由基础搭配到情境应用的词汇学习支架。 知识链路按功能意念分类梳理，每个短语配中英对照情境例句，助力语言能力提升。融入“local custom”等文化元素，渗透文化意识培养，通过同类短语对比（如“invite”不同搭配），引导学生构建词汇网络，体现结构化思维的学科学习方法。

重大版 必修3 Friends and friendship词汇拓展短语（二） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 high salary 高薪 To support his family, he worked hard to get a job with a high salary in the big city.（为了养家，他努力在大城市找到一份高薪工作。） 2 monthly salary 月薪 Her monthly salary is enough to cover rent and daily expenses, so she can save a little each month.（她的月薪足够支付房租和日常开销，每个月还能存一点钱。） 3 earn a good salary 挣高薪 After years of learning professional skills, he finally began to earn a good salary as an engineer.（经过多年学习专业技能，他最终作为工程师开始挣高薪。） 4 local custom 当地风俗 When traveling to Yunnan, they learned about the local custom of celebrating the Water-Splashing Festival and joined in happily.（去云南旅行时，他们了解到当地庆祝泼水节的风俗，愉快地参与其中。） 5 social custom 社会习俗 Shaking hands when meeting is a common social custom in many Western countries.（见面时握手是许多西方国家常见的社会习俗。） 6 follow the custom 遵循习俗 To show respect to the local people, they decided to follow the custom of taking off shoes before entering the house.（为了表示对当地人的尊重，他们决定遵循进屋前脱鞋的习俗。） 7 accept an invitation 接受邀请 She was very happy to accept the invitation to her best friend’s birthday party and started preparing a gift.（她很高兴接受了最好朋友生日派对的邀请，开始准备礼物。） 8 send an invitation 发送邀请 The class monitor sent an invitation to every student, inviting them to the end-of-term party.（班长给每位同学发送了邀请，邀请大家参加期末派对。） 9 formal invitation 正式邀请 They received a formal invitation from the school, asking their parents to attend the graduation ceremony.（他们收到学校的正式邀请，请家长参加毕业典礼。） 10 invite sb to a party 邀请某人参加派对 He mustered up the courage to invite the new classmate to his birthday party, hoping to make friends with her.（他鼓起勇气邀请新同学参加自己的生日派对，希望和她成为朋友。） 11 invite sb to dinner 邀请某人吃晚饭 To thank his teacher for helping him, he invited her to dinner at a quiet restaurant near the school.（为了感谢老师的帮助，他邀请老师去学校附近一家安静的餐厅吃晚饭。） 12 invite sb to speak 邀请某人发言 The host invited the student representative to speak about his experience of studying abroad.（主持人邀请学生代表分享他的出国留学经历。） 13 realisation of a dream 梦想的实现 The realisation of her dream of becoming a pianist made her cry with joy after years of hard practice.（经过多年刻苦练习，她成为钢琴家的梦想实现了，高兴得哭了。） 14 come to a realisation 领悟到 He came to a realisation that he had been too focused on grades and ignored his friends’ feelings.（他领悟到自己太专注于成绩，忽略了朋友的感受。） 15 sudden realisation 突然明白 A sudden realisation hit her—she had left her wallet on the bus when she got off in a hurry.（她突然明白过来，匆忙下车时把钱包落在公交车上了。） 16 somewhat tired 有点累 After walking for two hours in the park, she felt somewhat tired and sat down on a bench to rest.（在公园里走了两个小时后，她感觉有点累，坐在长椅上休息。） 17 somewhat difficult 有点难 The math problem was somewhat difficult for her, so she asked her deskmate for help.（这道数学题对她来说有点难，于是她向同桌求助。） 18 somewhat different 略有不同 The new version of the textbook is somewhat different from the old one, with more pictures and examples.（这本教材的新版本和旧版本略有不同，有更多图片和例子。） 19 illustrate with examples 举例说明 The teacher used daily life cases to illustrate with examples how to use the new grammar rule.（老师用生活中的例子举例说明如何使用这个新语法规则。） 20 illustrate a point 阐明观点 He used a short story to illustrate his point that honesty is the most important quality.（他用一个小故事阐明自己的观点：诚实是最重要的品质。） 21 illustrate a book 给书配插图 Her dream is to illustrate children’s books, as she loves drawing and wants to bring joy to kids.（她的梦想是给儿童书配插图，因为她喜欢画画，想给孩子们带来快乐。） 22 lose weight 减肥 She decided to lose weight by exercising every morning and eating healthy food instead of junk food.（她决定通过每天早上锻炼、吃健康食物而不是垃圾食品来减肥。） 23 lose sight of 看不见 They walked too fast in the crowded market and soon lost sight of their parents.（他们在拥挤的市场里走得太快，很快就看不见父母了。） 24 lose one’s way 迷路 While hiking in the mountain, they lost their way because the fog was too thick to see the signs.（在山里徒步时，由于雾太大看不清路标，他们迷路了。） 25 loss of money 金钱损失 He suffered a big loss of money when his wallet was stolen, so he had to ask his friend for a loan.（钱包被偷后，他遭受了不小的金钱损失，不得不向朋友借钱。） 26 sense of loss 失落感 After her favorite pet cat ran away, she felt a strong sense of loss and cried for a long time.（最喜欢的宠物猫跑丢后，她感到强烈的失落感，哭了很久。） 27 loss of job 失业 His father’s loss of job made the family’s life more difficult, so he started doing part-time jobs to help.（父亲失业让家里的生活更困难，他开始做兼职帮忙。） 28 imaginary friend 想象中的朋友 When she was little, she had an imaginary friend who she talked to every night before going to bed.（小时候，她有一个想象中的朋友，每天睡前都会和“他”说话。） 29 imaginary world 幻想世界 The writer created a wonderful imaginary world in his novel, where people could talk to animals.（作家在小说里构建了一个奇妙的幻想世界，那里的人能和动物对话。） 30 imaginary story 虚构的故事 She told her little sister an imaginary story about a magic rabbit that could grant wishes.（她给妹妹讲了一个虚构的故事，关于一只能实现愿望的魔法兔子。） 31 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 She often imagined traveling around the world with her family during the long winter nights.（在漫长的冬夜里，她经常想象和家人一起环游世界。） 32 imagine oneself in the scene 想象自己在场景中 Closing her eyes, she imagined herself in the concert scene, singing with her favorite singer.（闭上眼睛，她想象自己在演唱会现场，和最喜欢的歌手一起唱歌。） 33 imagine that it’s true 假设那是真的 He imagined that it was true that he had won the lottery, planning how to use the money.（他假设自己中彩票是真的，盘算着怎么花这笔钱。） 34 rich imagination 丰富的想象力 The little boy has a rich imagination—he can turn a stick into a sword and a blanket into a cape.（这个小男孩有丰富的想象力，能把棍子当成剑，把毯子当成斗篷。） 35 use one’s imagination 发挥想象力 The teacher asked the students to use their imagination to write a story about the future.（老师让学生发挥想象力，写一个关于未来的故事。） 36 beyond imagination 超出想象 The beauty of the sunset over the sea was beyond imagination—she stood there staring for a long time.（海上日落的美景超出想象，她站在那里看了很久。） 37 climb the stairs 爬楼梯 Her grandma was too old to climb the stairs, so they moved to a house on the first floor.（奶奶年纪太大爬不动楼梯，他们搬到了一楼的房子。） 38 bottom stair 最下一级楼梯 She found a small gift box on the bottom stair when she got home, wondering who had left it.（回家时，她在最下一级楼梯上发现一个小礼盒，好奇是谁放的。） 39 top stair 最上一级楼梯 He sat on the top stair of the old building, recalling the happy days he spent here as a child.（他坐在老楼的最上一级楼梯上，回忆小时候在这里度过的快乐时光。） 40 bark at a stranger 对着陌生人叫 Their dog would bark at every stranger who passed by the house, making the neighbors a little worried.（他们家的狗会对着每个路过房子的陌生人叫，让邻居有点担心。） 41 bark loudly at night 夜里大声吠叫 The dog next door barked loudly at night, keeping her awake and making her unable to sleep well.（隔壁的狗夜里大声吠叫，让她睡不着觉，休息不好。） 42 dog’s angry bark 狗愤怒的叫声 The dog’s angry bark came from the backyard, so he ran out to see if there was a thief.（后院传来狗愤怒的叫声，他跑出去查看是不是有小偷。） 43 give a warning 发出警告 The police officer gave a warning to the driver who was speeding, telling him to slow down.（交警对超速的司机发出警告，让他减速。） 44 warning sign 警示标志 They didn’t notice the warning sign that said “No Swimming” and almost fell into the deep lake.（他们没注意到“禁止游泳”的警示标志，差点掉进深湖里。） 45 safety warning 安全警告 The toy box has a safety warning, reminding parents to keep small parts away from young children.（玩具盒上有安全警告，提醒家长将小零件放在幼儿够不到的地方。） 46 warn sb of danger 警告某人有危险 Her mother warned her of the danger of walking alone at night and asked her to take a taxi.（妈妈警告她夜里独自走路有危险，让她打车回家。） 47 warn sb not to do 警告某人不要做 The teacher warned the students not to climb the school wall, as it was easy to fall and get hurt.（老师警告学生不要爬学校的墙，因为很容易摔下来受伤。） 48 warn about the risk 提醒风险 The doctor warned about the risk of eating too much sugar, which could cause health problems.（医生提醒吃太多糖的风险，可能会导致健康问题。） 49 heart attack 心脏病发作 The old man had a sudden heart attack at home, and his family called an ambulance immediately.（老人在家突然心脏病发作，家人立刻叫了救护车。） 50 attack on the city 对城市的袭击 In the novel, the hero led the people to fight back against the enemy’s attack on the city.（小说里，主人公带领人们反击敌人对城市的袭击。） 51 flu attack 流感侵袭 A flu attack spread in the class, and many students had to stay at home to rest.（班级里爆发了流感，很多学生不得不居家休息。） 52 suffer from illness 患病 Her grandfather suffered from a serious illness and had to stay in the hospital for treatment.（爷爷患了重病，不得不住院治疗。） 53 suffer great pain 承受巨大痛苦 He suffered great pain after the accident, but he never gave up and kept trying to recover.（事故后他承受着巨大痛苦，但从未放弃，坚持努力康复。） 54 suffer heavy loss 遭受重大损失 The village suffered heavy loss in the flood, and the government sent help to rebuild their homes.（村子在洪水中遭受重大损失，政府派人帮忙重建家园。） 55 great disappointment 极度失望 He felt great disappointment when he didn’t get into his dream university, but he decided to try again next year.（没考上梦想的大学，他感到极度失望，但决定明年再试一次。） 56 disappointment with sb 对某人的失望 Her disappointment with her friend grew because he kept breaking his promises.（朋友总是失信，她对他的失望越来越深。） 57 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 To his disappointment, the sports meeting was canceled due to the heavy rain.（令他失望的是，因为大雨，运动会取消了。） 58 disappoint one’s parents 让父母失望 He disappointed his parents by failing the final exam, so he studied harder in the new term.（期末考试不及格让父母失望了，新学期他学习更努力了。） 59 be disappointed in the result 对结果失望 They were disappointed in the result of the competition, but they agreed to practice more for the next time.（他们对比赛结果感到失望，但同意下次多练习。） 60 disappointing news 令人失望的消息 The disappointing news that the trip was called off made all the students sad.（旅行取消的令人失望消息让所有学生都很伤心。） 61 be disappointed with sth 对某事失望 She was disappointed with the quality of the new phone, as it broke down only a week after she bought it.（她对新手机的质量很失望，买了才一周就坏了。） 62 be disappointed at failing 因失败而沮丧 He was disappointed at failing the driving test, but his coach encouraged him to try again.（驾照考试失败让他很沮丧，但教练鼓励他再试一次。） 63 feel deeply disappointed 深感失望 After waiting for her friend for two hours in the rain, she felt deeply disappointed when her friend didn’t show up.（在雨中等了朋友两个小时，朋友却没来，她深感失望。） 64 deep sorrow 深切的悲伤 The whole family was in deep sorrow after their beloved pet passed away.（心爱的宠物去世后，全家都沉浸在深切的悲伤中。） 65 sorrow for the dead 对逝者的哀悼 Everyone stood in silence to show their sorrow for the dead soldiers who protected the country.（所有人静默站立，哀悼为国家牺牲的士兵。） 66 express one’s sorrow 表达悲伤 She wrote a letter to express her sorrow for the loss of her friend’s mother.（她写了一封信，对朋友母亲的离世表达悲伤。） 67 bronze statue 青铜雕像 They visited the museum and saw a beautiful bronze statue of a ancient general.（他们参观博物馆，看到一座精美的古代将军青铜雕像。） 68 Statue of Liberty 自由女神像 When traveling to New York, they took many photos in front of the Statue of Liberty.（去纽约旅行时，他们在自由女神像前拍了很多照片。） 69 stone statue 石雕像 There is a stone statue of a lion at the entrance of the old temple, which has stood for over 300 years.（古老寺庙的入口处有一座石狮子雕像，已经矗立了300多年。） 70 solve the problem satisfactorily 圆满解决问题 With the help of his classmates, he solved the difficult math problem satisfactorily.（在同学的帮助下，他圆满解决了这道难的数学题。） 71 complete the task satisfactorily 圆满完成任务 The team worked together day and night to complete the project task satisfactorily before the deadline.（团队日夜合作，在截止日期前圆满完成了项目任务。） 72 work satisfactorily 运转良好 The old machine still works satisfactorily after being repaired by the engineer.（经过工程师修理，这台旧机器仍然运转良好。） 73 satisfactory result 满意的结果 After months of hard work, she finally got a satisfactory result in the English competition.（经过几个月的努力，她在英语竞赛中终于取得了满意的结果。） 74 satisfactory service 满意的服务 The hotel provided satisfactory service—every staff member was friendly and ready to help.（这家酒店提供的服务很满意，每位员工都很友好，随时愿意帮忙。） 75 be far from satisfactory 远不能令人满意 The quality of the product was far from satisfactory, so many customers asked for a refund.（这款产品的质量远不能令人满意，很多顾客要求退款。） 76 with satisfaction 满意地 She looked at her finished painting with satisfaction, feeling proud of her work.（她满意地看着自己完成的画，为自己的作品感到骄傲。） 77 sense of satisfaction 满足感 Helping others solve problems gives her a strong sense of satisfaction.（帮助别人解决问题给她带来强烈的满足感。） 78 to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是 To her satisfaction, all her classmates liked the gift she prepared for the class party.（令她满意的是，所有同学都喜欢她为班级派对准备的礼物。） 79 thunder and lightning 雷电 Last night, there was a terrible thunder and lightning storm, and the power went out for an hour.（昨晚下了一场可怕的雷暴，停电了一个小时。） 80 lightning strike 雷击 A lightning strike hit the old tree in the park, breaking one of its big branches.（雷击击中了公园里的老树，打断了一根大树枝。） 81 flash of lightning 闪电 A bright flash of lightning lit up the dark sky, followed by a loud thunder.（一道明亮的闪电照亮了黑暗的天空，接着是一声巨响的雷。） 82 ease one’s pain 减轻痛苦 The doctor gave her some medicine to ease her pain after the operation.（医生给她开了些药，减轻手术后的痛苦。） 83 ease work pressure 缓解工作压力 She likes to listen to soft music after work to ease her work pressure.（下班后她喜欢听轻音乐，缓解工作压力。） 84 at ease 舒适；自在 She felt at ease when talking to her best friend, as she could share all her secrets.（和最好的朋友聊天时，她感到很自在，因为可以分享所有秘密。） 85 playful child 淘气的孩子 The playful child ran around the yard, chasing a butterfly with a big smile.（这个淘气的孩子在院子里跑着，笑着追一只蝴蝶。） 86 playful puppy 活泼的小狗 Their playful puppy kept jumping up to grab the ball, making everyone laugh.（他们家活泼的小狗不停地跳起来抢球，逗得大家都笑了。） 87 playful mood 嬉戏的心情 Everyone was in a playful mood at the picnic, playing games and telling jokes.（野餐时每个人都带着嬉戏的心情，玩游戏、讲笑话。） 88 cute kitten 可爱的小猫 She found a cute kitten outside her door and decided to take care of it.（她在门外发现一只可爱的小猫，决定照顾它。） 89 little kitten 小猫崽 The little kitten was too small to eat solid food, so she fed it with milk every two hours.（小猫崽太小，还不能吃固体食物，她每两小时喂一次牛奶。） 90 play with a kitten 和小猫玩 After finishing her homework, she sat on the floor to play with her kitten, using a string as a toy.（做完作业后，她坐在地板上和小猫玩，用一根绳子当玩具。） 91 blink one’s eyes 眨眼睛 The little girl blinked her eyes and smiled when she saw the candy her mom gave her.（看到妈妈给的糖果，小女孩眨了眨眼睛，笑了。） 92 in a blink of an eye 一眨眼工夫 The kite flew away in a blink of an eye, carried by the strong wind.（大风一吹，风筝一眨眼就飞走了。） 93 rapid blink 快速眨眼 He noticed her rapid blink when talking about the accident, realizing she was nervous.（谈论事故时，他注意到她快速眨眼，意识到她很紧张。） 94 be cautious about risks 对风险谨慎 Investors need to be cautious about risks when putting money into the stock market.（投资者把钱投入股市时，需要对风险保持谨慎。） 95 cautious approach 谨慎的方法 The team took a cautious approach to the project, checking every detail before moving forward.（团队对这个项目采取谨慎的方法，推进前检查每个细节。） 96 cautious driver 谨慎的司机 A cautious driver always slows down when passing through a school zone.（谨慎的司机经过学校区域时总会减速。） 97 lessen the pain 减轻疼痛 The warm compress helped to lessen the pain in her twisted ankle.（热敷帮助减轻了她扭伤脚踝的疼痛。） 98 lessen the noise 降低噪音 Closing the window can lessen the noise from the busy street outside.（关上窗户可以降低外面繁忙街道的噪音。） 99 lessen gradually 逐渐减轻 As the medicine took effect, her headache lessened gradually and she could finally rest.（药效发挥后，她的头痛逐渐减轻，终于能休息了。） 100 due to bad weather 由于天气不好 The outdoor picnic was canceled due to bad weather—dark clouds and strong wind were coming.（由于天气不好，乌云和大风即将来临，户外野餐取消了。） 101 due to carelessness 由于粗心 He made a mistake in the exam due to carelessness, forgetting to write his name on the paper.（由于粗心，他考试时犯了个错，忘了在试卷上写名字。） 102 due to illness 因病 She was absent from school for a week due to illness, and her classmates helped her catch up on lessons.（她因病缺课一周，同学帮她补上了课程。） 103 happen in a blink of an eye 瞬间发生 The car accident happened in a blink of an eye, and no one had time to react.（车祸瞬间发生，没人来得及反应。） 104 change in a blink of an eye 瞬息万变 The weather in the mountain changes in a blink of an eye—sunny one moment, rainy the next.（山里的天气瞬息万变，一会儿晴天，一会儿下雨。） 105 disappear in a blink of an eye 转瞬消失 The shooting star disappeared in a blink of an eye, and she didn’t even have time to make a wish.（流星转瞬消失，她甚至没来得及许愿。） 106 bark at a cat 对着猫叫 Their dog would always bark at the neighbor’s cat when it jumped over the fence.（邻居家的猫跳过栅栏时，他们家的狗总会对着猫叫。） 107 bark at the door 对着门叫 The dog barked at the door loudly, telling its owner that someone was coming.（狗对着门大声叫，告诉主人有人来了。） 108 bark at strangers 对陌生人吠 The guard dog barked at strangers to protect the house from danger.（护卫犬对陌生人吠叫，保护房子免受危险。） 109 die of cancer 死于癌症 Her grandmother died of cancer last year, after fighting the disease for two years.（奶奶和癌症抗争两年后，去年死于癌症。） 110 die of hunger 死于饥饿 In the story, many people died of hunger during the war, and the hero tried to help them.（故事里，战争期间很多人死于饥饿，主人公努力帮助他们。） 111 die of old age 寿终正寝 His grandfather died of old age peacefully in his sleep at the age of 92.（爷爷92岁时在睡梦中安详地寿终正寝。） 112 suffer from headache 头痛 She often suffers from headache when she stays up late studying, so her mom tells her to go to bed early.（她熬夜学习时经常头痛，妈妈让她早点睡觉。） 113 suffer from depression 患抑郁症 With the help of her family and friends, she gradually recovered from the depression she suffered from.（在家人和朋友的帮助下，她逐渐从抑郁症中康复。） 114 suffer from poverty 遭受贫困 The organization helps children who suffer from poverty, providing them with food and school supplies.（这个组织帮助遭受贫困的孩子，给他们提供食物和学习用品。） 115 in the days that followed the accident 事故后的几天里 In the days that followed the accident, he received many calls from friends asking about his health.（事故后的几天里，他收到很多朋友的电话，询问他的健康状况。） 116 in the days that followed, he recovered 在随后的几天里，他康复了 He was injured in the fall, but in the days that followed, he recovered quickly with his mom’s care.（他摔倒受伤了，但在随后的几天里，在妈妈的照顾下很快康复了。） 117 in the days that followed the meeting 会议后的几天里 In the days that followed the meeting, the team started to carry out the plan they had discussed.（会议后的几天里，团队开始执行他们讨论好的计划。） 118 as the weeks went by, the weather turned cold 几周过去，天气变冷了 As the weeks went by, the weather turned cold, and people started to wear thick coats.（几周过去，天气变冷了，人们开始穿厚外套。） 119 as the weeks went by, she improved a lot 几周过去，她进步很大 She practiced speaking English every day, and as the weeks went by, she improved a lot.（她每天练习说英语，几周过去，进步很大。） 120 as the weeks went by, the project progressed 几周过去，项目有了进展 As the weeks went by, the project progressed smoothly, and they were sure to finish it on time.（几周过去，项目进展顺利，他们确信能按时完成。） 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $