Unit5 Natural disasters.派生法记单词清单-2025-2026学年高中英语重大版必修第二册

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volcano n. 火山

这座活火山去年发生了一次小规模喷发，喷出了大量火山灰。This active volcano had a small eruption last year, spewing a lot of volcanic ash.

volcanic adj. 火山的；火山引起的

火山活动频繁的地区需要建立完善的预警系统，保障居民安全。Areas with frequent volcanic activity need to establish a sound early warning system to ensure residents' safety.

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slide n. 滑动；幻灯片 vt./vi. 滑动；滑落

冬天路面结冰时，汽车容易打滑，司机需要减速慢行。When the road is icy in winter, cars easily slide, and drivers need to slow down.

1. sliding adj. 滑动的；滑落的2. slide n. 幻灯片

1. 滑动的岩石引发了山体滑坡，阻断了山下的公路。Sliding rocks caused a landslide, blocking the highway at the foot of the mountain.2. 老师用幻灯片展示了实验步骤，让我们更清晰地理解操作流程。The teacher used slides to show the experimental steps, allowing us to understand the operation process more clearly.

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flood n. 洪水；泛滥 vt./vi. 淹没；泛滥

持续的暴雨引发了洪水，很多低洼地区的房屋被浸泡。Continuous heavy rain caused a flood, and many houses in low-lying areas were submerged.

1. flooding n. 洪水泛滥；淹没2. flooded adj. 被淹没的；泛滥的

1. 城市排水系统不畅导致洪水泛滥，政府正在紧急抢修。Poor urban drainage caused flooding, and the government is carrying out emergency repairs.2. 救援人员乘坐冲锋舟，前往被淹没的村庄转移受困群众。Rescuers took assault boats to the flooded villages to evacuate trapped people.

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sweep vi. 席卷；掠过 vt. 清扫；横扫 n. 清扫；范围

台风席卷了沿海城市，吹倒了不少树木和广告牌。The typhoon swept across the coastal city, blowing down many trees and billboards.

1. sweeping adj. 广泛的；席卷的；全面的2. sweep n. 清扫；打扫

1. 这场席卷全国的寒潮让气温骤降，大家都穿上了厚棉衣。This sweeping cold wave across the country caused a sharp drop in temperature, and everyone put on thick cotton-padded clothes.2. 周末我负责家里的清扫工作，把客厅和卧室都打扫得很干净。I am responsible for the sweep of the house on weekends, and I clean the living room and bedroom very neatly.

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section n. 截面；地区；部分；章节

这篇文章的第三部分主要介绍了自然灾害的预防措施。The third section of this article mainly introduces the prevention measures for natural disasters.

sectional adj. 部分的；地区性的；局部的

不同地区的饮食习惯存在差异，这种地区性的特点体现了文化多样性。There are differences in eating habits in different regions, and this sectional feature reflects cultural diversity.

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shock n. 震动；震惊；休克 vt./vi. 使震惊；震动

地震带来的强烈震动让房屋摇晃，人们纷纷跑到室外避险。The strong shock caused by the earthquake made the houses shake, and people ran outdoors to take shelter.

1. shocked adj. 震惊的；惊愕的2. shocking adj. 令人震惊的；骇人听闻的

1. 听到这个不幸的消息，大家都感到很震惊，一时说不出话来。Hearing this unfortunate news, everyone was shocked and couldn't speak for a moment.2. 这场灾难造成的损失非常令人震惊，社会各界纷纷伸出援手。The loss caused by this disaster is very shocking, and all sectors of society have lent a helping hand.

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ruin vt./vi. 毁灭；毁坏 n. 废墟；遗迹；毁灭

战火毁灭了这座古老的城市，如今只剩下一片断壁残垣。War ruined this ancient city, and now only a pile of ruins remains.

ruined adj. 毁坏的；破败的；毁灭的

地震过后，曾经繁华的小镇变成了一片毁坏的景象，让人痛心。After the earthquake, the once prosperous town turned into a ruined scene, which is heartbreaking.

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occur vi. 发生；出现；存在

这种极端天气在这个季节很少发生，当地居民都感到意外。This extreme weather rarely occurs in this season, and local residents are all surprised.

occurrence n. 发生；出现；事件；发生的事

自然灾害的发生往往难以预测，我们需要提前做好应对准备。The occurrence of natural disasters is often difficult to predict, and we need to make preparations in advance.

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mass n. 块；大量；群众；质量 adj. 大量的；群众的

山坡上堆积着大量的积雪，有引发雪崩的危险。A mass of snow accumulates on the hillside, posing a risk of avalanche.

massive adj. 大量的；巨大的；大规模的

洪水给当地农业造成了巨大的损失，很多农田颗粒无收。The flood caused massive damage to local agriculture, and many farmlands had no harvest.

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damage n. 损害；伤害；损失 vt./vi. 损害；伤害

台风过境时，强风损害了不少房屋的屋顶，需要及时修缮。When the typhoon passed, strong winds damaged the roofs of many houses, which need to be repaired in time.

damaging adj. 有破坏性的；损害的；有害的

长期干旱对农作物的生长有破坏性影响，可能导致减产。Long-term drought has a damaging effect on the growth of crops and may lead to reduced production.

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pressure n. 压力；压迫；压强 vt. 对……施加压力

面对高考的压力，学生们需要调整心态，合理安排学习时间。Facing the pressure of the college entrance examination, students need to adjust their mentality and arrange study time reasonably.

pressurize vt. 对……施加压力；迫使；增压

父母不应该过度给孩子施加压力，要尊重他们的兴趣和选择。Parents should not pressurize their children excessively and should respect their interests and choices.

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press vt./vi. 压；按；逼迫；出版 n. 媒体；出版社；按压

请按这个按钮启动机器，操作前要仔细阅读说明书。Please press this button to start the machine, and read the manual carefully before operation.

1. pressure n. 压力；压迫；压强2. pressing adj. 紧迫的；迫切的；紧急的

1. 工作中的过度劳累会给身体带来很大压力，容易引发健康问题。Overwork at work will bring great pressure to the body and easily cause health problems.2. 解决粮食短缺是当前最紧迫的问题之一，需要各国共同努力。Solving food shortage is one of the most pressing issues at present, and it requires the joint efforts of all countries.

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plate n. 板块；盘子；金属板 vt. 电镀；给……装钢板

地球的地壳由多个板块组成，板块运动可能引发地震。The Earth's crust is composed of multiple plates, and plate movement may cause earthquakes.

1. plateau n. 高原；平稳期 vi. 达到平稳期2. plate-like adj. 板块状的；盘状的

1. 青藏高原是世界上海拔最高的高原，有着独特的地理环境。The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the highest plateau in the world and has a unique geographical environment.2. 这片区域分布着板块状的岩石，是研究地质构造的理想地点。This area is distributed with plate-like rocks, which is an ideal place for studying geological structures.

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violently adv. 猛烈地；激烈地；暴力地

地震发生时，地面猛烈地摇晃，桌上的物品纷纷掉落。When the earthquake occurred, the ground shook violently, and

violence n. 暴力；猛烈；暴行；激烈

暴风雨的猛烈程度超出了预期，给沿海地区造成了严重破坏。The violence of the storm exceeded expectations and caused serious damage to coastal areas.

items on the table fell one after another.

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violent adj. 猛烈的；暴力的；激烈的；凶暴的

这场猛烈的暴雨持续了整整一夜，导致城市内涝严重。This violent rainstorm lasted the whole night, causing serious waterlogging in the city.

1. violence n. 暴力；猛烈；暴行2. violently adv. 猛烈地；暴力地

1. 我们应该坚决反对暴力行为，维护社会的和平与稳定。We should firmly oppose violence and maintain social peace and stability.2. 狂风猛烈地吹打着窗户，发出阵阵刺耳的声响。The strong wind blew violently against the windows, making bursts of harsh noises.

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violence n. 暴力；猛烈；暴行；激烈

飓风的猛烈让沿海居民不得不紧急撤离，躲避灾难。The violence of the hurricane forced coastal residents to evacuate urgently to avoid the disaster.

1. violent adj. 猛烈的；暴力的2. violently adv. 猛烈地；暴力地

1. 暴力犯罪会对社会秩序造成严重破坏，必须依法严惩。Violent crimes will cause serious damage to social order and must be severely punished according to law.2. 地震引发的海啸猛烈地冲击着海岸，吞噬了不少房屋。The tsunami caused by the earthquake hit the coast violently and swallowed many houses.

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edge n. 边缘；边界；刀刃 vt./vi. 使锐利；逼近

他站在悬崖边缘，俯瞰着脚下连绵起伏的群山。He stood at the edge of the cliff, overlooking the rolling mountains below.

edgy adj. 紧张的；焦虑的；边缘的；尖锐的

等待考试结果的日子里，他的心情一直很紧张，做什么都不安心。During the days of waiting for the exam results, his mood was always edgy, and he couldn't feel at ease with anything.

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bath n. 沐浴；洗澡；浴缸 vt. 给……洗澡

忙碌了一天后，泡个热水澡能缓解疲劳，让人放松下来。After a busy day, taking a hot bath can relieve fatigue and make people relax.

1. bathe vt./vi. 洗澡；沐浴；浸泡2. bathroom n. 浴室；卫生间

1. 夏天天气炎热，他每天都会去河里洗澡，享受清凉。It's hot in summer, and he bathes in the river every day to enjoy the coolness.2. 浴室里的热水器坏了，我们需要找人来修理。The water heater in the bathroom is broken, and we need to find someone to repair it.

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crash vi./vt. 坠毁；摔碎；碰撞 n. 坠毁；碰撞；破产

这架飞机因引擎故障坠毁在一片空旷的田野里，所幸没有人员伤亡。This plane crashed in an empty field due to engine failure, and fortunately, there were no casualties.

1. crashing adj. 碰撞的；猛烈的；坠毁的2. crash n. 坠毁；碰撞；暴跌

1. 碰撞的海浪拍打着礁石，激起高高的浪花，景色十分壮观。The crashing waves beat against the reefs, splashing high waves, and the scenery is very spectacular.2. 这起飞机坠毁事故的原因还在调查中，相关部门会及时公布结果。The cause of this plane crash is still under investigation, and the relevant department will announce the result in time.

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elegantly adv. 优美地；优雅地；雅致地

她穿着华丽的礼服，优雅地走进宴会厅，吸引了所有人的目光。She wore a gorgeous dress and walked elegantly into the banquet hall, attracting everyone's attention.

elegance n. 优雅；高雅；雅致；典雅

这位钢琴家的演奏充满了优雅，让听众沉浸在美妙的音乐中。The pianist's performance is full of elegance, immersing the audience in beautiful music.

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elegant adj. 优美的；优雅的；雅致的；精美的

这座古典建筑的设计风格很优雅，细节处尽显匠心。The design style of this classical building is

1. elegance n. 优雅；高雅；雅致2. elegantly adv. 优美地；优雅地

1. 她的言行举止中透着一股优雅，让人忍不住心生好感。Her words and deeds are full of elegance, making people can't help but have a good impression.2. 模特们优雅地走在T台上，展示着最新款的服装。The models