Unit2 Helpful schoolmates.派生法记单词清单-2025-2026学年高中英语重大版必修第二册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了重大版必修2 Unit 2的派生词汇，涵盖动词、名词、形容词等核心词汇的派生规律，构建了“原词解析-派生词拓展-语境应用”的递进式学习支架，助力学生夯实词汇基础。 清单以“原词-派生词-双语句例”三位一体结构呈现知识体系，如“experience”通过加-ed/-un构成反义词experienced/inexperienced，并配校园场景例句，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别设计词性转换规律标注（如名词+er变指人名词、形容词+ness变名词），帮助学生掌握科学记忆策略，提升学习能力，教师可直接用于词汇教学，学生也能自主高效复习。

重大版 必修2 Unit 2 Helpful schoolmates.派生法记单词 序号 原词 原词例句 派生词 派生词例句 1 experience n./vt. 经历；体验 她在教育领域有十年的经历，能灵活应对学生的各种问题。She has ten years of experience in education and can flexibly handle various problems of students. 1. experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的2. inexperienced adj. 无经验的；不熟练的 1. 有经验的老师总能用简单易懂的方法讲解复杂知识点。Experienced teachers can always explain complex knowledge points in simple and understandable ways.2. 无经验的实习生在工作中需要前辈指导，才能少走弯路。Inexperienced interns need guidance from seniors at work to avoid detours. 2 whisper vt./vi. 耳语；悄悄说 n. 低语；私语 她在图书馆里悄悄说，生怕打扰到正在看书的同学。She whispered in the library, afraid of disturbing the students who were reading. whispering n. 低语声；私语声 夜晚，森林里只有风的低语声，格外安静。At night, there was only the whispering of the wind in the forest, extremely quiet. 3 cheating n. 欺骗；作弊 考试作弊不仅违反校规，还会失去他人的信任。Cheating in exams not only violates school rules but also makes you lose others' trust. cheater n. 作弊者；骗子 作弊者最终会被发现，付出应有的代价。A cheater will eventually be found and pay the due price. 4 cheat vt./vi. 欺骗；作弊 他试图在游戏中作弊，结果被系统直接封号。He tried to cheat in the game and was directly banned by the system. cheater n. 作弊者；骗子 大家都不喜欢和骗子打交道，因为他们缺乏诚信。No one likes to deal with a cheater because they lack integrity. 5 belief n. 相信；信念；信仰 他有着“努力就会有回报”的坚定信念，一直默默奋斗。He has a firm belief that "hard work will pay off" and has been striving silently. 1. believer n. 信徒；相信者2. unbelievable adj. 难以置信的 1. 他是环保理念的坚定相信者，从不使用一次性塑料用品。He is a firm believer in environmental protection and never uses disposable plastic products.2. 他仅用半年就学会了三门外语，这样的速度太难以置信了。He learned three foreign languages in only half a year, and such a speed is unbelievable. 6 guard vt./vi. 保卫；守卫 n. 守卫；警卫 士兵们日夜守卫着边境，保护国家的安全。Soldiers guard the border day and night to protect the country's security. 1. guardian n. 监护人；守护者2. guarded adj. 谨慎的；有防范的 1. 父母是未成年子女的法定监护人，要承担起照顾责任。Parents are the legal guardians of minor children and must take on the responsibility of care.2. 面对陌生人的提问，她保持着谨慎的态度，不轻易透露个人信息。She maintained a guarded attitude when facing questions from strangers and did not easily reveal personal information. 7 destroy vt. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭 洪水摧毁了村庄里的很多房屋，村民们不得不转移到安全地带。The flood destroyed many houses in the village, and the villagers had to move to safe areas. 1. destruction n. 破坏；摧毁；毁灭2. destructive adj. 破坏性的；毁灭性的 1. 战争带来的破坏是巨大的，需要很多年才能恢复。The destruction caused by war is huge and takes many years to recover.2. 地震是一种破坏性极强的自然灾害，会给人类带来沉重损失。Earthquake is a highly destructive natural disaster that brings heavy losses to humans. 8 slowly adv. 慢慢地；迟缓地 老人慢慢地走在公园里，享受着午后的阳光。The old man walked slowly in the park, enjoying the afternoon sun. slowdown n. 减速；放缓；停滞 早高峰时段，市中心的交通出现了减速，车辆行驶缓慢。During the morning rush hour, there was a traffic slowdown in the city center, and vehicles moved slowly. 9 slow adj. 慢的；迟钝的 vt./vi. 放慢；减速 这条路上的限速很低，车辆必须保持慢速度行驶。The speed limit on this road is very low, and vehicles must keep a slow speed. 1. slowdown n. 减速；放缓；停滞2. slowly adv. 慢慢地；迟缓地 1. 受疫情影响，全球经济增长出现了放缓。Affected by the epidemic, global economic growth has experienced a slowdown.2. 他慢慢地解释着问题的解法，确保每个人都能听懂。He explained the solution to the problem slowly to ensure everyone could understand. 10 gently adv. 温柔地；轻轻地；温和地 妈妈温柔地抚摸着孩子的头，安抚他的情绪。Mother stroked the child's head gently to soothe his mood. gentleness n. 温柔；温和；轻柔 她说话的温和让周围的人都感到很亲切，愿意和她交流。The gentleness of her speech makes people around feel very kind and willing to communicate with her. 11 gentle adj. 温柔的；温和的；轻柔的 春天的风很温和，吹在脸上让人感觉很舒服。The spring wind is gentle, and it feels very comfortable on the face. 1. gentleness n. 温柔；温和；轻柔2. gentleman n. 绅士；君子 1. 她性格的温柔让她很受大家欢迎，身边总有很多朋友。The gentleness of her personality makes her very popular, and she always has many friends around.2. 他是个有礼貌的绅士，会主动为他人开门、让座。He is a polite gentleman who takes the initiative to open doors and offer seats to others. 12 breathe vi./vt. 呼吸；吸入 我们每天需要呼吸新鲜空气，才能维持身体的正常运转。We need to breathe fresh air every day to maintain the normal operation of our bodies. breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气的 跑完一千米后，他气喘吁吁地靠在树上，半天说不出话。After running 1000 meters, he leaned against the tree breathless and couldn't speak for a long time. 13 breath n. 呼吸；气息；一口气 他深吸一口气，然后勇敢地走上讲台开始演讲。He took a deep breath and then bravely walked onto the stage to start his speech. 1. breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气的2. breathing n. 呼吸；呼吸动作 1. 看到偶像出现，粉丝们激动得喘不过气，尖叫起来。Seeing the idol appear, the fans were breathless with excitement and screamed.2. 瑜伽练习能帮助我们调整呼吸，让心情变得平静。Yoga practice can help us adjust our breathing and calm our mood. 14 lung n. 肺；肺部 吸烟会严重伤害肺部健康，增加患病风险。Smoking will seriously harm lung health and increase the risk of illness. lung-related adj. 与肺相关的 医院专门设立了与肺相关的科室，为患者提供专业治疗。The hospital has specially set up a lung-related department to provide professional treatment for patients. 15 exception n. 例外；除外；异议 这次数学考试难度很大，大部分人都不及格，他是唯一的例外。This math exam was very difficult, most people failed, and he was the only exception. 1. exceptional adj. 例外的；杰出的；异常的2. exceptionally adv. 异常地；杰出地；特别地 1. 她在绘画方面有杰出的天赋，作品多次获得全国奖项。She has exceptional talent in painting, and her works have won national awards many times.2. 今年冬天的天气异常寒冷，比往年平均温度低了5度。This winter's weather is exceptionally cold, 5 degrees lower than the average temperature of previous years. 16 tap vt./vi. 轻拍；轻敲 n. 轻拍；水龙头 他轻轻拍了拍我的肩膀，提醒我上课要认真听讲。He tapped my shoulder gently to remind me to listen carefully in class. 1. tapping n. 轻拍声；轻敲动作2. tap n. 水龙头；阀门 1. 教室里传来手指轻敲桌面的声音，打破了安静。The sound of tapping fingers on the desk came from the classroom, breaking the silence.2. 用完水后要及时关掉水龙头，养成节约用水的好习惯。Turn off the tap in time after using water to develop a good habit of saving water. 17 lean vi. 倾斜；倚靠 adj. 瘦的；精简的 他累得靠在墙上，不想再往前走一步。He was so tired that he leaned against the wall and didn't want to take another step. 1. leaning n. 倾向；偏好；倾斜2. lean adj. 瘦的；精简的 1. 他在学科选择上有偏向理科的倾向，数学和物理成绩很好。He has a leaning towards science subjects in subject selection, and his math and physics grades are very good.2. 长期的辛苦工作让他变得很瘦，但身体依然很健康。Long-term hard work made him lean, but his body is still very healthy. 18 curl vt./vi. 卷；使卷曲；蜷缩 n. 卷发；卷曲物 她用卷发棒把头发卷起来，准备参加晚上的派对。She curled her hair with a curling iron, preparing to attend the party at night. 1. curly adj. 卷曲的；卷毛的2. curl n. 卷发；卷曲物 1. 那个留着卷曲头发的小女孩，笑起来眼睛像弯弯的月亮。That little girl with curly hair has eyes like curved moons when she smiles.2. 烟囱里冒出一缕卷曲的烟，慢慢消失在天空中。A curl of smoke came out of the chimney and slowly disappeared into the sky. 19 relieved adj. 宽慰的；放心的；释然的 听到考试通过的消息，他松了一口气，露出了宽慰的笑容。Hearing the news that he passed the exam, he breathed a sigh of relief and showed a relieved smile. relievedly adv. 宽慰地；放心地；释然地 他宽慰地叹了口气，告诉大家问题已经得到妥善解决。He sighed relievedly and told everyone that the problem had been properly solved. 20 relieve vt. 减轻；解除；缓解；救济 这款药膏能有效减轻蚊虫叮咬带来的瘙痒感。This ointment can effectively relieve the itching caused by mosquito bites. 1. relief n. 减轻；宽慰；救济2. relievable adj. 可缓解的；可减轻的 1. 看到孩子的病情有所好转，父母心中涌起一阵宽慰。Seeing the child's condition improve, the parents felt a sense of relief.2. 这种头痛通过适当的休息和按摩是可缓解的，不用过于担心。This kind of headache is relievable through proper rest and massage, so there's no need to worry too much. 21 relief n. 减轻；宽慰；救济；缓解 慈善机构向灾区发放了大量救济物资，帮助灾民渡过难关。Charities distributed a large amount of relief materials to the disaster area to help the victims get through the difficult time. 1. relieved adj. 宽慰的；放心的2. relieve vt. 减轻；解除 1. 收到录取通知书后，他一直悬着的心终于放下，感到很放心。After receiving the admission notice, his hanging heart finally settled and he felt relieved.2. 医生开的药能有效减轻他的疼痛，让他晚上能睡个好觉。The medicine prescribed by the doctor can effectively relieve his pain and help him sleep well at night. 22 function n. 功能；作用；职责 vi. 运转；工作 这个智能手表有很多实用功能，比如心率监测、导航等。This smart watch has many useful functions, such as heart rate monitoring and navigation. 1. functional adj. 功能正常的；实用的；有功能的2. functionality n. 功能性；功能；实用性 1. 这台旧电脑经过维修后，终于恢复了功能正常的状态。After maintenance, this old computer finally returned to a functional state.2. 这款APP的功能性很强，能满足用户办公、学习等多种需求。The functionality of this APP is very strong, which can meet users' needs such as office work and study. 23 fond adj. 喜欢的；喜爱的；深情的 她从小就喜欢古典音乐，经常听莫扎特、贝多芬的作品。She has been fond of classical music since childhood and often listens to works by Mozart and Beethoven. 1. fondness n. 喜爱；偏爱；深情2. fondly adv. 喜爱地；深情地；温柔地 1. 他对故乡有着深厚的喜爱，每年都会回去几次看望亲人。He has a deep fondness for his hometown and goes back several times a year to visit his relatives.2. 奶奶深情地看着孙子的照片，回忆着他小时候的趣事。Grandma looked at her grandson's photo fondly, recalling interesting stories about him when he was a child. 24 figure n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；计算 他是历史上著名的人物，为国家的独立作出了巨大贡献。He is a famous figure in history and made great contributions to the country's independence. 1. figure n. 身材；体型2. figured adj. 有图案的；带花纹的 1. 她通过坚持运动，保持了匀称的身材，看起来很有活力。She maintained a well-proportioned figure through persistent exercise and looked very energetic.2. 妈妈买了一条有花纹的裙子，穿起来显得很有气质。Mom bought a figured skirt, which makes her look very elegant when worn. 25 achievement n. 成就；功绩；达到 实现航天梦是中国航天事业的伟大成就，让国人倍感自豪。Realizing the space dream is a great achievement of China's aerospace industry, making Chinese people very proud. 1. achiever n. 成功者；有成就的人2. achieve vt./vi. 实现；获得；达到 1. 他是个很努力的成功者，凭借自己的付出考上了理想的大学。He is a hard-working achiever and got into his ideal university through his own efforts.2. 只要坚持不懈，我们就能实现自己的目标，收获成功。As long as we persist, we can achieve our goals and gain success. 26 knowledgeable adj. 知识渊博的；有见识的；博学的 这位教授知识渊博，无论问什么问题都能给出详细解答。This professor is knowledgeable and can give detailed answers to any question. 1. knowledgeably adv. 知识渊博地；有见识地2. knowledge n. 知识；学问；认识 1. 他能知识渊博地谈论各种历史事件，让听众深受启发。He can talk about various historical events knowledgeably, inspiring the audience deeply.2. 读书是获取知识最有效的方式之一，能开阔我们的视野。Reading is one of the most effective ways to acquire knowledge and can broaden our horizons. 27 astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的；震惊的 看到多年未见的老朋友突然出现，她感到很吃惊，说不出话来。Seeing her old friend who hadn't been seen for years suddenly appear, she was astonished and couldn't speak. 1. astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的；惊人的2. astonishment n. 惊讶；惊愕；震惊 1. 他在短时间内完成了这个复杂的项目，取得了令人惊讶的成果。He completed this complex project in a short time and achieved astonishing results.2. 听到这个意外的消息，大家都露出了惊讶的表情，不敢相信。Hearing this unexpected news, everyone showed expressions of astonishment and couldn't believe it. 28 astonish vt. 使惊讶；使惊愕；使震惊 他在比赛中的出色表现震惊了所有人，包括他的对手。His excellent performance in the competition astonished everyone, including his opponents. 1. astonishment n. 惊讶；惊愕；震惊2. astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的；惊人的 1. 她的突然辞职让大家感到很惊讶，没人知道原因。Her sudden resignation caused great astonishment to everyone, and no one knew the reason.2. 这个小镇在十年间发生了惊人的变化，从贫穷落后变得繁荣富裕。This small town has undergone astonishing changes in ten years, changing from poor and backward to prosperous and wealthy. 29 reaction n. 反应；感应；回应 面对突发事件，我们要保持冷静，做出正确的反应。Facing unexpected events, we must stay calm and make the right reaction. 1. react vi./vt. 反应；作出回应；起反应2. reactive adj. 反应性的；被动的；反应灵敏的 1. 听到老师的提问，他迅速反应过来，举手回答问题。Hearing the teacher's question, he reacted quickly and raised his hand to answer.2. 这种材料的反应性很强，遇到水就会发生化学反应。This material is highly reactive and will undergo a chemical reaction when it meets water. 30 adventure n. 冒险；冒险经历；奇遇 vi. 冒险 他喜欢冒险，曾经独自一人穿越了亚马逊雨林。He likes adventure and once crossed the Amazon rainforest alone. 1. adventurous adj. 爱冒险的；大胆的；充满冒险精神的2. adventurer n. 冒险家；冒险者；探险者 1. 爱冒险的旅行者总是喜欢去偏远的地方探索未知的世界。Adventurous travelers always like to go to remote places to explore the unknown world.2. 这位著名的冒险家曾登上过世界上多座高峰，留下了很多传奇故事。This famous adventurer has climbed many high mountains in the world and left many legendary stories. 31 encouragement n. 鼓励；激励；支持 在父母的鼓励下，她克服了内心的恐惧，勇敢地站上了舞台。With her parents' encouragement, she overcame her inner fear and bravely stood on the stage. encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的；鼓励的；振奋人心的 这次比赛的结果令人鼓舞，让我们更有信心迎接接下来的挑战。The result of this competition is encouraging, making us more confident to face the next challenges. 32 encourage vt. 鼓励；激励；支持；促进 老师经常鼓励我们多读书，培养良好的阅读习惯。Teachers often encourage us to read more and develop good reading habits. 1. encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的；鼓励的2. courage n. 勇气；胆量；胆识 1. 他在演讲中分享的成功经历令人鼓舞，让很多人重拾信心。His successful experience shared in the speech is encouraging, making many people regain confidence.2. 面对困难，我们需要有勇气去面对，而不是选择逃避。Facing difficulties, we need to have the courage to face them instead of choosing to escape. 33 courage n. 勇气；胆量；胆识 她有勇气承认自己的错误，并及时改正，这种态度值得学习。She has the courage to admit her mistakes and correct them in time, and this attitude is worth learning. courageous adj. 勇敢的；有勇气的；无畏的 这位勇敢的消防员冲进着火的房子，救出了被困的老人。This courageous firefighter rushed into the burning house and rescued the trapped elderly man. 34 master vt. 掌握；精通；控制 n. 大师；主人；硕士 他花了五年时间掌握了钢琴演奏技巧，成为了一名优秀的钢琴家。He spent five years mastering piano playing skills and became an excellent pianist. 1. mastery n. 掌握；精通；控制2. masterful adj. 熟练的；专横的；技艺精湛的 1. 对语言的精通需要长期的积累和练习，不可能一蹴而就。Mastery of a language requires long-term accumulation and practice, and cannot be achieved overnight.2. 这位厨师有着技艺精湛的烹饪技巧，能做出各种美味的菜肴。This chef has masterful cooking skills and can make a variety of delicious dishes. 35 prepared adj. 有准备的；准备好的；愿意的 为了这次考试，她做了充分的准备，相信自己能取得好成绩。She is well prepared for this exam and believes she can get good grades. 1. preparation n. 准备；预备；准备工作2. prepare vt./vi. 准备；预备；使准备好 1. 运动会的准备工作正在有序进行，预计下周就能全部完成。The preparation for the sports meeting is proceeding in an orderly manner and is expected to be completed next week.2. 我们要提前准备好所需的材料，避免比赛时出现意外情况。We need to prepare the required materials in advance to avoid unexpected situations during the competition. 36 entry n. 条目；进入；入口；参赛作品 这个比赛的参赛作品截止日期是周五，要尽快提交。The deadline for entries in this competition is Friday, so we need to submit them as soon as possible. 1. entrance n. 入口；进入；门口2. entry-level adj. 入门级的；初级的 1. 图书馆的入口在东边，我们从那里进去比较方便。The entrance to the library is on the east side, and it's more convenient for us to enter from there.2. 这家公司为新毕业生提供了很多入门级的岗位，帮助他们积累工作经验。This company provides many entry-level positions for new graduates to help them accumulate work experience. 37 account n. 记述；账户；解释 vt. 解释；认为；把……视为 他在银行开了一个储蓄账户，每月都会存一部分钱进去。He opened a savings account in the bank and deposits a portion of money every month. 1. accountant n. 会计；会计师2. accountable adj. 负责任的；有责任的；应作出解释的 1. 公司聘请了专业的会计来管理财务，确保账目清晰准确。The company hired a professional accountant to manage the finances and ensure the accounts are clear and accurate.2. 作为项目负责人，他要对项目的进度和质量负责任。As the project leader, he is accountable for the progress and quality of the project. 38 event n. 事件；大事；活动；赛事 这场慈善活动吸引了很多人参加，为贫困儿童筹集了大量善款。This charity event attracted many people to participate and raised a lot of money for poor children. 1. eventual adj. 最终的；最后的；结果的2. eventually adv. 最终；最后；终于 1. 经过多次尝试和失败，他最终的成功来自于不懈的努力。After many attempts and failures, his eventual success comes from unremitting efforts.2. 他一开始不适应新的工作环境，但最终还是克服了困难，融入了团队。He didn't adapt to the new work environment at first, but eventually overcame the difficulties and integrated into the team. 39 vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；栩栩如生的 作者用生动的语言描绘了乡村的美景，让读者仿佛身临其境。The author described the beautiful scenery of the countryside with vivid language, making readers feel as if they were there. 1. vividly adv. 生动地；鲜明地；栩栩如生地2. vividness n. 生动；鲜明；栩栩如生 1. 老人生动地讲述着过去的故事，让孩子们听得入了迷。The old man told the past stories vividly, making the children fascinated.2. 这幅画的鲜明之处在于色彩的搭配，让人一眼就能记住。The vividness of this painting lies in the color matching, which makes people remember it at a glance. 40 soundly adv. 酣然地；彻底地；健全地 经过一天的劳累，他晚上酣然入睡，直到第二天早上才醒来。After a day of hard work, he slept soundly at night and didn't wake up until the next morning. 1. soundness n. 健康；合理性；健全2. sound adj. 健康的；合理的；健全的 1. 这个计划的合理性得到了大家的认可，很快就开始实施了。The soundness of this plan was recognized by everyone and was soon implemented.2. 保持健康的生活习惯，能让我们拥有强健的身体，更好地学习和工作。Maintaining a sound living habit can help us have a healthy body and better study and work. 41 intend vt. 打算；想要；计划；意指 他打算毕业后去国外留学，学习更先进的技术和知识。He intends to study abroad after graduation to learn more advanced technology and knowledge. 1. intention n. 意图；打算；目的2. intentional adj. 故意的；有意的；蓄意的 1. 他没有伤害你的意图，只是说话方式不太恰当。He has no intention of hurting you; he just didn't speak in an appropriate way.2. 他不是故意打翻杯子的，只是不小心碰到了。He didn't knock over the cup intentionally; he just touched it accidentally. 42 seriously adv. 严重地；认真地；严肃地 他对待学习很认真，每天都会花很多时间复习功课。He takes study seriously and spends a lot of time reviewing lessons every day. seriousness n. 严重性；认真；严肃 大家都没有意识到这个问题的严重性，直到造成了损失才后悔。No one realized the seriousness of this problem until losses were caused and they regretted it. 43 serious adj. 严肃的；严重的；认真的；重要的 这个问题很严重，需要我们立刻采取措施解决。This problem is serious and requires us to take immediate measures to solve it. 1. seriousness n. 严重性；认真；严肃2. seriously adv. 严重地；认真地 1. 他对工作的认真态度赢得了领导的认可，很快就得到了晋升。His seriousness towards work won the recognition of the leader and he was promoted soon.2. 他的病情很严重，必须住院接受进一步治疗。His condition is seriously bad and he must be hospitalized for further treatment. 44 reduce vt./vi. 减少；缩减；降低；减轻 我们要减少塑料袋的使用，保护生态环境。We need to reduce the use of plastic bags to protect the ecological environment. 1. reduction n. 减少；降低；缩减2. reduced adj. 减少的；降低的；缩减的 1. 经过努力，公司的成本减少了20%，利润有所提升。Through efforts, the company's cost has achieved a reduction of 20%, and profits have increased.2. 这家超市的商品在促销期间价格降低了很多，吸引了大量顾客。The prices of goods in this supermarket have been reduced a lot during the promotion, attracting a large number of customers. 45 emergency n. 紧急；紧急事件；突发事件 adj. 紧急的 医院设立了紧急通道，确保急诊病人能得到及时救治。The hospital has set up an emergency channel to ensure that emergency patients can receive timely treatment. emergent adj. 紧急的；突发的；出现的 面对突发情况，我们要保持冷静，迅速采取应对措施。Facing emergent situations, we must stay calm and take response measures quickly. 46 vehicle n. 车辆；交通工具；工具；媒介 马路上的车辆很多，过马路时一定要注意安全。There are many vehicles on the road, and we must pay attention to safety when crossing the road. vehicular adj. 车辆的；交通工具的 这条道路禁止非机动车通行，只允许机动车辆通过。This road prohibits non-vehicular traffic and only allows vehicular traffic to pass. 47 accompany vt. 陪伴；伴随；陪同；为……伴奏 妈妈陪伴我去参加比赛，给了我很大的鼓励。Mom accompanied me to the competition and gave me great encouragement. 1. accompaniment n. 陪伴；伴奏；伴随物2. accompanied adj. 陪伴的；伴随的 1. 钢琴伴奏让这首歌更加动听，赢得了观众的阵阵掌声。The piano accompaniment made this song more beautiful and won bursts of applause from the audience.2. 在父母的陪伴下，孩子能更勇敢地探索未知的世界。Accompanied by parents, children can explore the unknown world more bravely. 48 operation n. 手术；操作；运转；行动 医生为他做了心脏手术，手术非常成功。The doctor performed a heart operation on him, and the operation was very successful. operational adj. 可操作的；运转中的；操作的 这台机器经过调试后，已经处于可操作状态，可以投入使用了。After debugging, this machine is in an operational state and can be put into use. 49 operate vi. 动手术；运转；操作 vt. 操作；经营；管理 他能熟练地操作各种办公软件，提高了工作效率。He can operate various office software skillfully, improving work efficiency. 1. operational adj. 可操作的；运转中的2. operation n. 手术；操作 1. 这家工厂的设备都处于运转中，每天能生产大量产品。The equipment in this factory is all operational and can produce a large number of products every day.2. 医生将为他操作一台精密仪器，进行详细的身体检查。The doctor will operate a precision instrument for him to conduct a detailed physical examination. 50 treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理；疗法 经过一段时间的治疗，他的病情有了明显的好转。After a period of treatment, his condition has improved significantly. treatable adj. 可治疗的；能处理的 这种疾病虽然严重，但通过现代医学技术是可治疗的。Although this disease is serious, it is treatable through modern medical technology. 51 treat vt. 治疗；对待；处理；款待 vi. 探讨；请客 医生用药物和物理疗法治疗他的关节炎，效果很好。The doctor treated his arthritis with medicine and physical therapy, and the effect was very good. 1. treatable adj. 可治疗的；能处理的2. treatment n. 治疗；对待 1. 早期发现的癌症大多是可治疗的，治愈率很高。Most cancers detected early are treatable with a high cure rate.2. 我们要以友好的态度对待身边的人，营造和谐的人际关系。We should treat people around us with a friendly attitude to create a harmonious interpersonal relationship. 52 groan vi./n. 呻吟；抱怨；叹息 他因为肚子痛，躺在床上不断呻吟，看起来很痛苦。He kept groaning in bed because of stomachache and looked very painful. groaning adj. 呻吟的；抱怨的；发出呻吟声的 病房里传来病人呻吟的声音，护士赶紧过去查看情况。The groaning sound of the patient came from the ward, and the nurse hurried over to check the situation. 53 diagnosis n. 诊断；判断；诊断结果 经过详细的检查，医生给出了准确的诊断，制定了治疗方案。After a detailed examination, the doctor gave an accurate diagnosis and formulated a treatment plan. 1. diagnose vt./vi. 诊断；判断2. diagnostic adj. 诊断的；诊断用的 1. 医生通过一系列检查，诊断出他患有轻微的肺炎。Through a series of examinations, the doctor diagnosed him with mild pneumonia.2. 这家医院引进了先进的诊断设备，能更快更准确地发现病情。This hospital has introduced advanced diagnostic equipment, which can detect diseases faster and more accurately. 54 timely adj. 及时的；适时的；合时宜的 adv. 及时地 消防员的及时救援，让被困在火场的人都安全撤离了。The timely rescue of firefighters allowed all people trapped in the fire to evacuate safely. timeliness n. 及时性；适时；合时宜 信息的及时性很重要，能帮助我们更快地做出正确的决策。The timeliness of information is very important and can help us make correct decisions faster. 55 consist vi. 组成；构成；在于；符合 这个团队由五名成员组成，每个人都有不同的特长。This team consists of five members, and each person has different strengths. 1. consistent adj. 一致的；始终如一的；连续的2. consistency n. 一致性；连贯性；浓度 1. 他的言行一致，说到做到，赢得了大家的信任。His words and deeds are consistent, and he keeps his promises, winning everyone's trust.2. 这篇文章的连贯性很好，逻辑清晰，读起来很顺畅。The consistency of this article is very good, with clear logic and smooth reading. 56 management n. 管理；经营；管理部门；处理 这家公司的管理很规范，员工的工作积极性很高。The management of this company is very standardized, and employees have high work enthusiasm. manager n. 经理；管理者；经营者 部门经理组织大家开会，讨论下一步的工作安排。The department manager organized everyone to have a meeting to discuss the next work arrangement. 57 manage vt./vi. 管理；经营；设法做到；应付 她不仅要工作，还要照顾家人，却把一切都管理得很好。She not only has to work but also take care of her family, but she manages everything well. 1. manager n. 经理；管理者2. management n. 管理；经营 1. 新上任的经理很有能力，很快就熟悉了公司的业务。The newly appointed manager is very capable and quickly became familiar with the company's business.2. 良好的管理能提高公司的效率，促进公司的发展。Good management can improve the company's efficiency and promote its development. 58 passing adj. 及格的；短暂的；经过的 n. 通过；经过 他这次考试的及格成绩让他松了一口气，终于不用补考了。His passing grade in this exam made him breathe a sigh of relief, and he finally didn't have to retake the exam. passage n. 段落；通道；时间流逝 1. 老师让我们背诵课文中的一个段落，加深对文章的理解。The teacher asked us to recite a passage in the text to deepen our understanding of the article.2. 随着时间的流逝，很多美好的回忆都慢慢留在了心底。With the passage of time, many beautiful memories are slowly kept in the bottom of the heart. 59 pass vt./vi. 及格；通过；传递；经过 他努力学习了一个月，终于通过了英语四级考试。He studied hard for a month and finally passed the CET-4 exam. 1. passage n. 段落；时间流逝2. passing n. 及格；通过 1. 这篇文章中有几个难理解的段落，老师专门进行了讲解。There are several difficult passages in this article, which the teacher specially explained.2. 他的及格让父母很欣慰，为他准备了一份小礼物。His passing made his parents very relieved and they prepared a small gift for him. 60 acceptable adj. 可接受的；合意的；可忍受的 这个方案的内容很合理，得到了大多数人的可接受认可。The content of this plan is very reasonable and has been accepted by most people. unacceptable adj. 不可接受的；不能容忍的；不合意的 他的无理要求是不可接受的，我们不能为了迎合他而违反原则。His unreasonable request is unacceptable, and we cannot violate the principles to cater to him. 61 accept vt./vi. 接受；认可；同意；承担 她接受了公司的邀请，下周就要去新岗位上班了。She accepted the company's invitation and will go to the new position next week. 1. unacceptable adj. 不可接受的；不能容忍的2. acceptance n. 接受；认可；同意 1. 歧视他人的行为是不可接受的，每个人都应该受到平等对待。Discriminating against others is unacceptable, and everyone should be treated equally.2. 他的申请得到了学校的认可，顺利拿到了录取通知书。His application received the school's acceptance, and he successfully got the admission notice. 62 extremely adv. 极端地；非常地；极其 夏天的中午非常热，室外温度能达到38度以上。It is extremely hot at noon in summer, and the outdoor temperature can reach above 38 degrees. extremity n. 极端；末端；绝境；手足 他在绝望的极端情况下，依然没有放弃希望，最终等到了救援。In the extremity of despair, he still did not give up hope and finally waited for rescue. 63 extreme adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的 n. 极端；末端 极端的天气会给农业生产带来很大影响，导致减产。Extreme weather will have a great impact on agricultural production, leading to reduced output. 1. extremity n. 极端；末端；绝境2. extremely adv. 极端地；非常地 1. 他的想法太偏激了，不符合实际情况，很难得到大家的支持。His idea is too extreme and does not conform to the actual situation, so it is difficult to get everyone's support.2. 她非常喜欢小动物，家里养了猫、狗、兔子等多种宠物。She is extremely fond of small animals and keeps many kinds of pets such as cats, dogs and rabbits at home. 64 discourage vt. 阻止；使气馁；阻碍；不鼓励 不要因为一次失败就气馁，要相信自己下次能做得更好。Don't be discouraged by one failure; believe that you can do better next time. discouraging adj. 令人气馁的；使人沮丧的；阻碍的 连续几次的失败令人气馁，但他依然没有放弃自己的目标。Several consecutive failures are discouraging, but he still did not give up his goal. 65 eagle n. 鹰；鹰徽；鹰击 鹰在高空中飞翔，目光锐利地寻找着地面上的猎物。The eagle flies high in the sky, looking for prey on the ground with sharp eyes. eagle-eyed adj. 目光锐利的；眼尖的 这位目光锐利的警察很快发现了人群中的可疑人员，及时采取了措施。This eagle-eyed policeman quickly found the suspicious person in the crowd and took timely measures. 66 strictly adv. 严格地；严厉地；完全地；精确地 学校严格地执行考勤制度，确保学生按时到校上课。The school strictly implements the attendance system to ensure students arrive at school on time. strictness n. 严格；严厉；严谨；精确 老师的严格要求让我们养成了良好的学习习惯，受益终身。The strictness of the teacher helped us develop good study habits, which benefit us for life. 67 strict adj. 严格的；严厉的；严谨的；精确的 父母对我的学习要求很严格，希望我能考上理想的大学。My parents are very strict with my study and hope I can get into my ideal university. 1. strictness n. 严格；严厉；严谨2. strictly adv. 严格地；严厉地 1. 他做事的严谨态度让他很少出错，深受领导的信任。The strictness of his work makes him rarely make mistakes and is deeply trusted by the leader.2. 我们要严格遵守交通规则，保障自己和他人的安全。We must strictly abide by traffic rules to ensure the safety of ourselves and others. 68 discipline n. 训导；纪律；学科；训练 vt. 训练；惩罚；约束 军队的纪律非常严明，每个士兵都必须严格遵守。Military discipline is very strict, and every soldier must strictly abide by it. 1. disciplined adj. 守纪律的；训练有素的；有纪律的2. disciplinary adj. 纪律的；惩戒的；学科的 1. 训练有素的运动员能快速适应比赛节奏，发挥出最佳水平。Disciplined athletes can quickly adapt to the competition rhythm and play at their best level.2. 学校对违反校规的学生采取了纪律处分，以儆效尤。The school took disciplinary action against students who violated school rules to serve as a warning. 69 insist vi. 坚持；坚决要求；强调 vt. 坚持；坚决主张 他坚持认为自己的观点是正确的，不愿意听取他人的意见。He insists that his view is correct and is unwilling to listen to others' opinions. 1. insistence n. 坚持；坚决主张；强调2. insistent adj. 坚持的；坚决的；迫切的 1. 他的坚持让大家最终接受了他的方案，取得了良好的效果。His insistence finally made everyone accept his plan and achieved good results.2. 客户的迫切要求让我们不得不加快项目进度，尽快完成交付。The client's insistent request forced us to speed up the project progress and complete the delivery as soon as possible. 70 scholarship n. 奖学金；学问；学术研究 她凭借优异的成绩获得了国家奖学金，为家庭减轻了经济负担。She won the national scholarship with excellent grades, reducing the economic burden on her family. scholarly adj. 学术的；学者的；博学的；有学问的 这是一本学术性很强的书籍，适合专业人士阅读和研究。This is a highly scholarly book, suitable for professionals to read and study. 71 scholar n. 学者；获奖学金的学生；有学问的人 这位著名的学者长期从事历史研究，发表了很多重要论文。This famous scholar has long been engaged in historical research and published many important papers. 1. scholarly adj. 学术的；学者的；博学的2. scholarship n. 奖学金；学问 1. 他是个博学的人，对文学、历史、哲学等多个领域都有研究。He is a scholarly person who has research in many fields such as literature, history and philosophy.2. 作为获奖学金的学生，他不仅成绩好，还积极参加各种公益活动。As a scholar who won the scholarship, he not only has good grades but also actively participates in various public welfare activities. 72 politics n. 政治；政治学；政治活动；政见 他对政治很感兴趣，经常关注国内外的政治新闻。He is very interested in politics and often pays attention to domestic and foreign political news. political adj. 政治的；政治上的；政党的；关心政治的 这个国家出台了一系列政治政策，促进经济的稳定发展。This country has introduced a series of political policies to promote the stable development of the economy. 73 biology n. 生物；生物学；生物特性 他最喜欢的学科是生物，梦想将来成为一名生物学家。His favorite subject is biology, and he dreams of becoming a biologist in the future. biological adj. 生物的；生物学的；生物特性的 这种生物制剂对环境无污染，是一种环保的农药替代品。This biological agent has no pollution to the environment and is an environmentally friendly alternative to pesticides. 74 labour n. 劳动；工作；劳工；分娩 vi. 劳动；努力；苦干 劳动者是最光荣的，他们用自己的双手创造了财富。Labour is the most glorious, and workers create wealth with their own hands. 1. labourer n. 劳动者；工人；劳工2. laborious adj. 费力的；辛苦的；勤劳的 1. 建筑工人冒着严寒酷暑，为城市的建设付出了辛勤的劳动。Construction labourers work in severe cold and heat, and have paid hard labour for the city's construction.2. 完成这个复杂的项目是一项费力的工作，需要团队的共同努力。Completing this complex project is a laborious work that requires the joint efforts of the team. 75 permit vt./vi. 许可；允许；准许 n. 许可证；执照；通行证 没有老师的允许，学生不能擅自离开教室。Students cannot leave the classroom without the teacher's permission. 1. permission n. 许可；允许；准许2. permissible adj. 允许的；可准许的；许可的 1. 他向老师申请许可，希望能提前离开学校去看医生。He applied to the teacher for permission to leave school early to see a doctor.2. 在图书馆里，低声交谈是允许的，但大声喧哗是禁止的。Whispering is permissible in the library, but loud talking is prohibited. 76 webbed adj. 有蹼的；网状的；蹼状的 鸭子有蹼的脚能帮助它们在水里更轻松地游泳。Ducks' webbed feet can help them swim more easily in water. webbing n. 蹼状组织；网状物；带子 青蛙脚趾间的蹼状组织很明显，是它们适应水生环境的重要特征。The webbing between frogs' toes is very obvious, which is an important feature for them to adapt to the aquatic environment. 77 worn adj. 磨坏的；疲惫的；用旧的 他穿着一双磨坏的鞋子，看起来很破旧。He was wearing a pair of worn shoes, which looked very old. 1. worn-out adj. 磨破的；疲惫不堪的；用坏的2. wear vt./vi. 穿着；磨损；耐用 1. 经过一天的奔波，他疲惫不堪地回到家，倒在沙发上就睡着了。After a day of running around, he returned home worn-out and fell asleep on the sofa.2. 这种材质的衣服很耐用，穿了几年都没有磨损的痕迹。Clothes of this material are very durable and have no signs of wear after being worn for several years. 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $