Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路•学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

6.Dsurrounded surrounding surroundings Section I Listening and Speaking, 2Surrounded by/with mountains and lake Reading and Thinking 3surrounded with 4in the surroundings of nature ⑤surrounding areas 自主预习 7.①名词；管理②名词；收费③动词；指控④名词；指控 词汇记忆 ⑤动词：充电 1.孔子2.墓地；公墓3.哲学4.足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟 &.①an②is wasted③have been wasted 5.通货；货币6.军事的；军用的7.占领；征服；控制 ④the amount of work 8.战役；搏斗搏斗；奋斗9.祖宗；祖先l0.individual 9.①keep an eye on②looked him in the eye 11.kingdom 12.chief 13.nearby 14.port 15.charge ③caught my eye④keep your eyes open for 16.amount 17.gallery 18.approach 19.ensure 10.①Approaching②working③动词：靠近④名词；方法 20.landscape 21.butter 22.honey 23.position 重点句型 词汇拓展 l.①)if any ②If not③If possible④Ifso⑤if ever 1.puzzling puzzled 2.belongings 3.defend 2.DI have an important meeting to attend this afternoon 4.legally illegal 5.surrounding surroundings 6.evident 2he had his car repaired yesterday 7.achieve 8.locate located 9.fascinate fascination ③I had my wallet stolen④has him stay at home 10.announcement 11.generously generosity 随堂达标 词块识记 I.1.philosophy 2.individual 3.kingdoms 4.chief 1.lead to 2.be similar to 3.be different from 4.as to 5.nearby 6.military 7.evidence 8.achievement 5.hold on 6.join...to...7.add...to... 9.location 10.battle conquered 8.break away(from sb./sth.)9.result in 10.belong to II.1.puzzled 2.is joined 3.from 4.belonging 11.as well as 12.be surrounded by 13.take over 5.illegal 6.surrounded 7.fascinating 8.in 9.is 10.as 14.leave behind 15.date back to 16.keep one's eyes open(for) IlI.1.To solve 2.was joined 3.followed 4.Finally 5.from 句型感知 6.which 7.to 8.defence/defense 9.a 10.its 1.if any 2.which resulted in the full name we have today:the United SectionⅡ Discovering Useful Structures Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 语法精讲 3.Almost everywhere you go in the UK 一、l.①built ②lef③risen 4.had castles built 2.①lef②organised③blown 5.as it is an ancient port city that has a history 3.①belonging②built③held 课文预读 二、I.①sung sing②surrounded 一、BCA 2.①impressed(②informed③prepared 二、1.A2.A3.C4.C 3.①painted②buried③raised④gained 要点探究 核心词汇 Section II Listening and Talking, L.①puzzled②puzzling③puzzlement Reading for Writing 2.①up②dowm③break away from④broke out 3.①belongings②to③belonging④a sense of belonging 自主预习 4.①were②was③looking④和⑤和·一样好 词汇记忆 ⑥除…之外还… 1.庭院；院子2.盛宴；宴会；节日3.点；小（圆）点加点；遍布 5.(Dagainst/from 2in the boy's defence/in defence of the boy 4.吼叫：咆哮5.气味；气息6.snack7.county8.roll ③to defend themselves 9.cattle 10.ocean 11.pub 12.wine 13.beer 14.custom 174074 Ⅲ.课文语法填空 “the United Kingdom”or“the UK”.People from Many people are confused about the meaning the UK are called“British”,6 means of the names:the United Kingdom,Great Britain, the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain and England.1. solve)this Britain. puzzle,knowing a little bit about British history Even though the four countries which belong will help. the United Kingdom work together in In the 16th century,the nearby country of some areas,such as using the same flag,sharing Wales 2. join)to the Kingdom of the same currency and military 8. England,3. follow by the country defend )they also have some differences. Scotland in the 18th century.In the 19th century,Anyhow,the United Kingdom has 9. the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the long and interesting history to explore,which can United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.help you understand much more about the country 4. final),in the 20th century,the and 10. it)traditions. southern part of Ireland broke away 5. 夯基提能作业 the UK,resulting in the full name we have today: 请同学们认真完成练案[13] Section II Discovering Useful Structures 语法概览 感官动词后可以接过去分词一 过 过去分词作定语，相当于形容词，与 作宾语补足语。 过 所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 词 过 使役动词后可以接过去分词 单个的过去分词往往作前置定语，而 作宾语补足语。 语 词 过去分词短语则作后置定语。 wi山复合结构可以使用过去 语 定 过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语 分词作宾语补足语。 语 的区别。 ○语法精讲 )温馨提示 一、过去分词作定语 (1)把过去分词短语变为定语从句：先找一个 1.过去分词作定语时，相当于形容词，其逻辑主 连接词，先行词是人用who/hat,先行词是事 语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作 物用that/which;再判断从句的时态；最后用该 与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 时态的被动形式。 此时的过去分词（短语）可以变成定语从句。 Now,more and more foreigners buy the mobile The bridge built ten years ago needs repairing. phones made in China.(将画线部分变为定 (名词the bridge和build构成被动关系) 语从句) =The bridge which was built ten years ago needs 分析：因为先行词是the mobile phones,是物， repairing..(变为定语从句) 用that/which;再判断从句的时态，是一般现在 十年前建的这座桥需要修了。 时；最后用一般现在时的被动形式are done。. The injured workers are now being taken good Now,more and more foreigners buy the mobile care of in the hospital.(名词the workers和 injure构成被动关系) phones which/that are made in China =The workers who were injured are now being 现在，越来越多的外国人购买中国制造的移动 taken good care of in the hospital..(变成定语从 电话。 句) (2)一般来说，及物动词的过去分词作定语， 受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。 表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；不及物动词 075 的过去分词作定语不含有被动意义，只表示该3.现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别。 动作已完成。 (1)语态上不同：现在分词表示主动意义，过 The ground is covered with the fallen leaves in 去分词多表示被动意义。 autumn. The running water(=The water which runs)in 秋天，地上覆盖着落叶。(fallen只表完成) the river is very clear 》即学即用 河里的流水很清澈。 单句语法填空 Nine out of ten women interviewed(=who were DThis is one of the schools (build)in interviewed )about the product said they the 1980s. liked it 2Our teacher was very worried because there was 就这个产品被采访的十位妇女中有九位说她 only a little time leave)for us to 们喜欢它。 finish this task. (2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示正在进行 ③The (rise)sun offers light and heat 的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 necessary for life on the earth We are all living in a changing world(=a world 2.（1)单个的过去分词作定语时，常常置于其所 which/that is changing). 修饰的名词前；而过去分词短语作定语时，常 我们都生活在正在发生变化的世界里。 常置于其所修饰的名词后。 The changed world (The world which had Many used cars are on sale now,and you can go changed)surprised him. to find a good one.(used是单个过去分词作定 已经变化了的世界令他吃惊。 语，修饰cas,放在前面) 》即学即用 现在很多二手车正在甩卖，你可以去找一辆 单句语法填空 好的。 ①The car (belong)to my uncle is really I like the book bought on the Internet very much. cool. (bought on the Internet是过去分词短语，放在 名词book的后面) ②The bridge build in 2013 was 我非常喜欢从网上买的那本书。 designed by a local company. (2)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定 ③The meeting hold)yesterday was 语也可放在所修饰的名词之后，如lef(剩余 very important 的)，givent(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。 二、过去分词作宾语补足语 Because there were only five minutes left,we 过去分词作宾语补足语时，表示被动意义或完成 had no choice but to hurry up. 意义，有时两者兼而有之。与宾语有逻辑上的动 只剩下五分钟了，我们别无选择，只能抓紧 宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。 时间。 1.表示感觉和心理状态的动词（短语），如feel, 》即学即用 hear,listen to,see,watch,observe,look at, 单句语法填空 notice,find等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 ①There is little time leave).Let's hurry I have never heard the song sung in our school. up. 我从未听到这首歌在我们学校唱过。 2Last Monday our class went on an If you watch long enough,you will see many (organise)trip. problems settled in this way. ③The trees blow)down in the storm 如果你观察的时间足够长，你会看到很多问题 have been moved off the road. 都是这样解决的。 076 》即学即用 3.with复合结构中可以使用过去分词作宾语补 单句语法填空 足语。此时过去分词与句子的主语没有逻辑 DI have often heard the ABC Song but 关系，此结构在句中通常作时间、方式、条件、 I have never heard Alice it.(sing) 原因和伴随状语。 2When he woke up,he found himself The thief was forced into the police station with (surround)by a group of children. his hands tied back.(方式状语) 2.表示“致使”意义的动词，如have,make,get, 这个贼被带进了派出所，双手被捆绑在背后。 keep,leave等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 With all the work done,I feel very relaxed now. Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good (do和宾语work构成被动) way to have her written English improved in a 所有的工作都做完了，我现在感到很放松。 short period. 》即学即用 珍妮希望史密斯先生能提出一个在短时间内 单句语法填空 提高她英语写作水平的好方法。 ①With all the walls paint)with bright I raised my voice to make myself heard.(hear colors,the room looks rather lively. 宾语myself构成被动) 2He is in deep thought,with his head 我提高嗓音让自己被听到。 (buy）in his hands. 》即学即用 ③With his hands raise)high,he 单句语法填空 seemed to ask me for help. ①What made me (impress)is that they 4With knowledge and skills (gain)in have had professional training. this university,I will play a more active role in ②Please keep me inform)if anything contributing to my country. happens. 夯基提能作业 ③You must get the report prepare 请同学们认真完成练案[14] before 7 o'clock tomorrow morning. SectionⅢ Listening and Talking, Reading for Writing 自宝预习 ①词汇记忆 9. n.牛 1.courtyard n. 10. n.大海；海洋 2.feast n. 11. n.酒吧；酒馆 3.dot n. vt. 12. n.葡萄酒；果酒 4.roar vi.n. 13. n.(一杯)啤酒 5.scent n. 14. n.风俗；习俗；习惯 6 n.点心；小吃 ①词汇拓展 7. n.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；（美国的）县 1.eager ad.热切的；渴望的→ ad.热 8. vi.&t.（使)翻滚；（使）滚动n.卷 切地；渴望地→ n.热切；渴望 (轴)；翻滚