精品解析：福建省福州杨桥中学2025-2026学年上学期九年级10月月考英语试卷

福州杨桥中学2025-2026学年第一学期10月适应性练习九年级英语 命题人：陈慧敏 审卷人：李清 (本卷共14页 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 Ⅰ. 听力(共三节，20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分) 第一节 听句子 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。(每个句子读两遍) 1A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。(每段对话读两遍) 听第1段对话，回答第6小题。 6. What did Jane do for the disabled children? A. She told stories. B. She cleaned rooms. C. She put on funny shows 听第2段对话，回答第7小题。 7. How long has Ann kept her car? A. Since last month. B. Since 2 years ago. C. Since last year 听第3段对话，回答第8小题。 8. Who will eat out? A. Mike. B. Jane. C. Jane and Mike 听第4段对话，回答第9小题。 9. What’s the weather like? A. It’s cloudy. B. It’s windy. C. It’s sunny. 听第5段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. Where are the two speakers now? A. In a park. B. On a bus. C. On a plane. 11. What does the woman think causes the sun to be so red? A. Air pollution. B. Light pollution. C. Soil pollution. 听第6段对话，回答第12、13小题。 12. What’s Tim doing? A. Watching TV. B. Reading a newspaper. C. Searching the Internet. 13. Why is Tim angry? A. Because some people stole some ducks. B. Because some people picked flowers. C. Because some people cut down and stole hundreds of trees. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. What did Karl do yesterday? A. He collected garbage. B. He bought some food. C. He saw some animals. 15. Where was Karl yesterday? A. In a shop. B. In a zoo. C. In a park. 第三节 听短文 根据你所听到的短文内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。(短文读三遍) Notice Who Mark Brown, an officer from the 16 government. Introduction The topic of the speech is about how to protect our beautiful 17 . Where and when The speech will be at three o’clock on Friday 18 in the school hall. What to do *Take a pen and a notebook. *While listening, write down the main 19 about the speech. How Visit our school website or 20 us for more information. Ⅱ. 选择填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. — When will they leave for Beijing? — ________ the morning of October 1st. A. In B. On C. At 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——他们什么时候去北京？——在10月1日的早晨。 考查介词辨析。对于特定日期的早晨（如“the morning of October 1st”），使用介词“on”。in在……里，用于泛指时间（如月份、季节或一般性早晨）；on在……上，用于具体日期或特定某天的部分；at在……点，用于具体时刻（如钟点）。故选B。 2. — Since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in our country. — ________. A. So they have B. So have they C. Neither have they 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——自从改革开放以来，我们的国家发生了巨大的变化。——确实如此。 考查情景交际。So they have的确如此；So have they他们也是如此；Neither have they他们也没有。根据“Since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in our country.”并结合选项可知，此处需肯定“国家发生巨大变化”这一事实，A项符合。故选A。 3. —Peter, remember to take an umbrella tomorrow. —OK. I know ________ it rains, I’ll get wet without it. A. once B. until C. since 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——Peter，明天记得带伞。——好的。我知道一旦下雨，没有伞我会淋湿。 考查连词辨析。once一旦；until直到；since自从。根据“I know … it rains, I’ll get wet without it.”，此处表示条件关系，强调一旦下雨就会淋湿，因此用once最合适。故选A。 4. —________ have they been in China? —Since 2008. A. How long B. How often C. How soon 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——他们在中国多久了？——自2008年以来。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，提问时间段；How often多久一次，提问频率；How soon多久以后，提问将来的时间段。根据答语“Since 2008”可知，此处表示时间段，应用How long提问。故选A。 5. Mr. Brown ________ to Paris a week ago and ________ there for a week. A. has gone; has been in B. has been; has stayed C. went; has stayed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：布朗先生三天前去了巴黎，并在那里待了一周。 考查动词时态。第一空后有明确过去时间状语“a week ago”，应用一般过去时“went”；第二空表示从过去持续到现在的状态，且“for a week”表示一段时间，应用现在完成时“has stayed”。故选C。 6. Recently, there ________ more environmental problems as the population increases. A. are B. have been C. has been 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：最近，随着人口增长，出现了更多的环境问题。 考查时态和主谓一致。“Recently”通常与现在完成时连用，表示动作或状态从过去持续到现在，且对现在有影响；主语“environmental problems”为复数形式，因此谓语动词需用复数形式，B项符合。故选B。 7. When we meet a new word in an article, we can guess its meaning ________the context. A. out of B. according to C. far from 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们在文章中遇到一个新单词时，我们可以根据上下文猜测它的意思。 考查介词短语辨析。out of出于；according to根据；far from离……远。根据句意，表示“根据上下文”猜测意思，应选用according to。故选B。 8. It is kind________ you to________. A. of; pick me up B. for; pick up me C. of; pick up me 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：你真好，来接我。 考查固定句型和动词短语。“It is+形容词+for/of sb. to do sth.”意为“某人是……的去做某事”，句型中的形容词修饰人；句中“kind”描述人的品质，需用介词of；pick sb. up“接某人”。故选A。 9. Smoking has a bad ________ on our health, especially the young. So students mustn’t smoke. A. effort B. effect C. value 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：吸烟对我们的健康有不良影响，尤其是年轻人。所以学生不能吸烟。 考查名词辨析。effort努力；effect影响；value价值。根据“Smoking has a bad…on our health,”可知，此处应该说吸烟对我们的健康有不良影响，故选B。 10. He ________ live in the city, but now he ________ country life. A. is used to; used to B. be used to; is used to C. used to; gets used to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——他过去住在城市，但现在他习惯了乡村生活。 考查动词短语辨析。used to后接动词原形，意为“过去常常”；get used to后接名词或动名词，意为“习惯于”。第一空后是live（动词原形），故用used to；第二空后是country life（名词），且主语he为第三人称单数，故用gets used to表示“变得习惯于”。故选C。 11. There are________ many people________ we can’t find each other. A. too, to B. such, that C. so, that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：有如此多的人以至于我们找不到彼此。 考查结果状语从句的引导词。too... to太……而不能，后接动词原形，不能接从句；such...that如此……以至于，such后需接名词，而句中many为形容词，修饰people，应用so；so...that如此……以至于”，so修饰形容词many，that引导从句，符合句意和语法。故选C。 12. —Jenny, can I have my dictionary back? You________ for 5 days. —Sorry, I’ll return it right away. A. have brought B. have kept C. have borrowed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——Jenny，我能拿回我的字典吗？你已经拿着它5天了。——抱歉，我马上归还。 考查现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。have brought带来；have kept保持；have borrowed借入。根据“for 5 days”可知，动词需用延续性动词。故选B。 13. —Have Tom called you ________? —No, but I have ________ gave him my number. A. already; yet B. yet; ever C. yet; already 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆给你打电话了吗？——没有，但是我已经把我的号码给了他。 考查副词辨析。already已经，用于肯定句；yet还，用于疑问句或否定句句末；ever曾经，用于疑问句句中。根据“Have Tom called you...?”可知，其为一般疑问句，应填yet；根据“but I have...gave him my number.”可知，本句为肯定句，应填already。故选C。 14. Last Sunday, I spent ________ hour visiting the National Museum and bought ________ useful book about history there. A. an; a B. a; an C. an; an 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：上周日，我花了一个小时参观国家博物馆，并在那里买了一本有用的历史书。 考查冠词用法。第一空后“hour”发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；第二空后“useful book”中“useful”发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故选A。 15. —Could you please tell me ________? —Go along this street and turn right at the first crossing. A. where is the library B. how I can get to the library C. whether there is a library nearby 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我怎样才能到达图书馆吗？——沿着这条街走，在第一个十字路口右转。 考查宾语从句。where is the library图书馆在哪里，疑问语序；how I can get to the library我怎样才能到达图书馆，陈述语序；whether there is a library nearby附近否有图书馆，陈述语序。根据“Go along this street and turn right at the first crossing.”可知，此处询问如何到达图书馆，故选B。 Ⅲ. 完形填空。(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 You know that pile of homework is due tomorrow, but you just find yourself putting it off and ____16____ looking for distractions, such as checking your phone or logging into a social networking site. If that sounds like what you do, you may be dealing with procrastination (拖延症), a habit of putting things off to a ____17____ time. But you’re not alone. In fact, procrastination has ____18____ a huge change in people’s lives. So why do people procrastinate and ____19____ to get rid of the habit? A fear of failure is often the primary reason why people procrastinate. If you have a task (任务) to do and you’ re unsure of your ability to do it, then it’s only ____20____ that you’ll put it off. You may not be able to successfully complete your job ____21____ you don’t want to admit (承认) it. However, the thing is, that task will not go away and you still have to get it done on time. In this case, the ____22____ is to work out the true reason why you’ re afraid of failing. Often, you’ ll discover that there is some technical reason ____23____ your procrastination — that is, you just don’t have the knowledge or skills to do it. The answer is to be straight up about it. ____24____ you have to learn the skills to the point where you can do the task or you have to ask for help. Don’t just leave it! We all know where that ____25____ —a dark place filled with bad consequences (后果) in your life and increased stress. 16. A. actively B. carefully C. properly 17. A. quicker B. later C. less 18 A. reached B. caused C. repeated 19. A. when B. what C. how 20. A. wise B. natural C. strange 21. A. as well as B. instead C. even if 22. A. request B. secret C. progress 23. A. beside B. behind C. past 24. A. Both B. Either C. Neither 25. A. ends up B. takes up C. looks up 【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们拖延的原因以及如何打破这一习惯。 【16题详解】 句意：你知道明天有一堆作业要交，但你却发现自己把它推迟了，并积极地寻找分心的事情。 actively积极地；carefully仔细地；properly正确地。根据“ looking for distractions, such as checking your phone or logging into a social networking site”可知，积极地寻找让自己分心的事情，故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：如果这听起来像你在做什么，你可能正在处理拖延症，一种把事情推迟到以后的习惯。 quicker更快的；later以后；less较少的。根据“procrastination”及“a habit of putting things off to a…time”可知，拖延症就是把事情拖到以后的时间去完成，故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：事实上，拖延症已经给人们的生活带来了巨大的变化。 reached到达；caused引起；repeated重复。根据“a huge change in people’s lives”可知，给人们的生活引起了变化，故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：那么，为什么人们会拖延呢？如何改掉这个习惯呢？ when什么时候；what什么；how如何。根据下文的描述可判断，此处询问如何摆脱这个习惯，故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：如果你有一项任务要做，而你又不确定自己的能力，那么你会把它推迟是很自然的。 wise明智；natural自然的；strange奇怪的。根据“you’ re unsure of your ability to do it”可知，不确定自己的能力，就很自然会拖延这个事情，故选B。 【21题详解】 句意：即使你不愿承认，你也可能无法成功地完成你的工作。 as well as和；instead代替；even if即使。“You may not be able to successfully complete your job ”与“you don’t want to admit (承认) it”是让步关系，用even if引导让步状语从句，故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：在这种情况下，秘诀就是你找出害怕失败的真正原因。 request重复；secret秘诀；progress进步。根据“is to work out the true reason why you’ re afraid of failing”可知，秘诀是找出你害怕失败的真正原因，故选B。 【23题详解】 句意：通常，你会发现你的拖延背后有一些技术上的原因。 beside在……旁边；behind在后面；past路过。根据“some technical reason… your procrastination”可知，此处指拖延背后的原因，故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：要么你必须学习技能，达到你可以完成任务的程度，要么你必须寻求帮助。 Both都；Either任何一个；Neither都不。根据“or you have to ask for help”可知，此处用either…or表示“要么……要么”，故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：我们都知道这样的结局是什么——生活中充满坏结果和增加压力的黑暗之地。 ends up结束；takes up占据；looks up查询。根据“a dark place filled with bad consequences (后果) in your life and increased stress.”可知，此处指拖延症导致的结果，故选A。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解(共两节，25小题：满分45分) 第一节：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。(共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分) A Invisible communication Do you want to send a message to a friend secretly? Here is a way to make secret communication. ※What you’ll need: Half of a lemon A cup or a small glass with four spoons of water in it Cotton swab White paper Electric lamp ※How to make it: 1. Squeeze lemon juice into water and mix. 2. Dip the swab into juice and water mixture and write some words on the paper. 3. Let wet paper dry well. Show it to your friend and ask if he or she can see a message on it. NO! 4. Hold the paper close to an electric lamp to heat it. Can your friends see the writing now? YES! Words appear! 26. How many steps do we need to make secret communication? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 27. To make the experiment, you need the following things except________. A. B. C. D. 28. What does the underlined word “dip” mean in Chinese according to the context? A. 添加 B. 滴入 C. 浸泡 D. 捆绑 29. What makes your word appear? A. Carbon B. White paper. C. Water. D. Cotton swab. 30. In which part of a magazine is the passage probably from? A. Healthy Food. B. Close to Nature. C. Energy Saving. D. Science in Daily Life. 【答案】26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了一个如何用柠檬汁和水的混合物写密信的科学实验。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How to make it”下的“1..., 2..., 3..., 4...”可知，制作秘密通信需要四个步骤。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What you’ll need”中的“Half of a lemon；A cup or a small glass with four spoons of water in it；Cotton swab；White paper；Electric lamp”可知，需要柠檬、杯子、棉签、白纸和电灯，未提及D选项的物品。故选D。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Dip the swab into juice and water mixture and write some words on the paper.”可知，是把棉签浸泡在果汁和水的混合物里，所以“dip”意为“浸泡”。故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Hold the paper close to an electric lamp to heat it. Can your friends see the writing now? YES! Words appear!”以及常识，纸张中的水分受热蒸发，而柠檬中的碳留下，从而显现字迹。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍的是利用日常材料制作秘密通信的科学小实验，所以可能来自杂志的“日常生活中的科学”部分。故选D。 Sitting in my car, I was watching dolphins swim in the ocean. It was such an enjoyment. Suddenly I saw more and more dolphins become beached after the tide (潮水) went out. That was too dangerous. Those dolphins needed help — and fast. Without thinking too much, I jumped off my car and ran toward them. I first called the police and Wildlife Protection Organization, but their hands were far and away. On the beach hardly a person could be seen. For those dolphins, it was a life-or-death moment. Not knowing what to do, I turned to the Internet for help, hoping people nearby could see my post and come to save those lovely animals. Minutes later, three teenage boys of a nearby school were the first to arrive, It was like light piercing (穿透) the darkness. Then more and more people arrived after that. With direction from fishermen, about 40 volunteers were able to get to work on digging, pulling and bringing smaller dolphins to deeper waters. However, to everyone’s surprise, no dolphin left by itself after it got free. When the tide began to rise, the dolphins chirped (唧唧叫) to encourage each other. The dolphins stayed where they were in the water until the save was complete. Once all 16 dolphins were set free, they soon returned to their ocean home together. It warmed my hear that the dolphins showed a sense of belonging (归属) — helping each other in face of difficulty. Looking around, I understood that our volunteer group is very similar to the dolphins. On a cold November day, nobody was afraid to get wet or dirty. We tried our best to save the dolphins and communicated back and forth (来回地) to keep the save in order and to ensure the safety of everybody. I will never forget this experience. 31. What happened to the dolphins suddenly according to Paragraph 1? A. They asked for help. B. They were brought to deeper waters. C. They became beached. D. They chirped to encourage each other. 32. Who saved the dolphins at last? A. The police. B. Nearby people. C. A fisherman. D. People from an organization. 33. Why did no dolphin leave by itself after it got free? A. Because the tide began to rise. B. Because they had a sense of belonging. C. Because it was a life-or-death moment. D. Because more and more people arrived. 34. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To call on the animal protection B. To state the importance of the safety. C. To speak highly of the volunteers’ spirits. D. To present the relationship between animals and humans. 35. How did the writer’s feelings change after the accident happened? A. Happy→nervous→sad→happy B. Surprised→nervous→tired→joyful C. Scared→worried→excited→peaceful D. Worried→excited→surprised→warm 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲了一群志愿者齐心协力救助海豚的故事。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Suddenly I saw more and more dolphins become beached after the tide went out.”可知海豚突然被搁浅了。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Not knowing what to do, I turned to the Internet for help, hoping people nearby could see my post and come to save those lovely animals.”及“Minutes later, three teenage boys of a nearby school were the first to arrive, It was like light piercing the darkness. Then more and more people arrived after that. With direction from fishermen, about 40 volunteers were able to get to work on digging, pulling and bringing smaller dolphins to deeper waters.”可知最终解救海豚的是住在附近的人。故选B。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据“However, to everyone’s surprise, no dolphin left by itself after it got free. When the tide began to rise, the dolphins chirped to encourage each other. The dolphins stayed where they were in the water until the save was complete. Once all 16 dolphins were set free, they soon returned to their ocean home together.”及“It warmed my hear that the dolphins showed a sense of belonging — helping each other in face of difficulty.”可知海豚在获得自由后没有自己离开是因为他们有归属感，要和同伴们一起离开。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据“On a cold November day, nobody was afraid to get wet or dirty. We tried our best to save the dolphins and communicated back and forth to keep the save in order and to ensure the safety of everybody.”可知最后一段主要讲了志愿者们我们尽了最大的努力去拯救海豚，并不断沟通，以保证救援工作的有序进行，确保每个人的安全，其目的是高度评价志愿者的精神。故选C。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据“That was too dangerous. Those dolphins needed help — and fast.”可知作者一开始担心海豚的安危；根据“Minutes later, three teenage boys of a nearby school were the first to arrive, It was like light piercing the darkness.”可知看到有人来作者很兴奋；根据“However, to everyone’s surprise, no dolphin left by itself after it got free.”可知海豚获救后没有自己离开，这让作者很惊讶；再由“It warmed my hear that the dolphins showed a sense of belonging — helping each other in face of difficulty.”可知海豚表现出的归属感让作者感到很暖心。故选D。 C 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine On October 6, 2025, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to American scientists Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Japanese researcher Shimon Sakaguchi for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance (外周免疫耐受). In 1995, Sakaguchi discovered regulatory T cells (Tregs) (调节性T细胞). These cells act as the immune system’s “security guards, ” preventing other immune cells from attacking the body’s own tissues. In 2001, Brunkow and Ramsdell found that mutations (突变) in a gene called Foxp3 (叉头框蛋白P3基因) caused severe autoimmune diseases (自身免疫性疾病) in mice. They also proved that similar mutations lead to a life-threatening autoimmune condition in humans called IPEX syndrome (免疫失调、多内分泌腺病、肠病、X连锁综合征). In 2003, Sakaguchi linked these findings, showing Foxp3 is the “master switch” controlling Treg development. Without functional Foxp3, Tregs cannot form properly, leaving the body vulnerable to autoimmune attacks (自身免疫攻击). Their collective discoveries have paved the way for new treatments. Clinical trials (临床试验) are now testing therapies that boost Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases, or block Tregs activity in cancer to help the immune system fight tumors, offering hope to millions of patients. 36. What is the primary reason for Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi to win the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine? A. They developed a new therapy for cancer. B. They discovered the mechanism of peripheral immune tolerance. C. They found a cure for IPEX syndrome. D. They invented a method to boost immune cells. 37. Which of the following statements about regulatory T cells (Tregs) is correct according to the passage? A. They can cause autoimmune diseases if not controlled. B. They were first identified by Brunkow and Ramsdell in 2001. C. They mainly work to attack cancerous tumors. D. Their development depends on the normal function of the Foxp3 gene. 38. The underlined phrase “pave the way for” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________. A. set a foundation for B. create difficulties for C. slow down the progress of D. take the place of 39. What can we infer from the passage about clinical trials mentioned? A. They have already successfully cured autoimmune diseases B. They are only carried out on mice rather than humans. C. They focus on two different ways related to Tregs. D. They were first designed by Shimon Sakaguchi in 2003. 40. The passage is mainly intended to________. A. explain how autoimmune diseases form B. introduce the Nobel Prize winners and their contributions C. compare different research methods in immune system study D. encourage high school students to pursue a career in science 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了2025年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主及其在外周免疫耐受机制方面的开创性贡献。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章开头“On October 6, 2025…work on peripheral immune tolerance”可知，他们获奖的主要原因是因其在外周免疫耐受方面的开创性工作。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 2003, Sakaguchi linked these findings, showing Foxp3 is the “master switch” controlling Treg development.”可知，Foxp3基因是控制Treg细胞发育的关键。因此，Treg细胞的发育依赖于Foxp3基因的正常功能。故选D。 【38题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Their collective discoveries have paved the way for new treatments. Clinical trials (临床试验) are now testing therapies that boost Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases, ”可知，他们的发现使得新疗法的出现成为可能，因此“pave the way for”在这里表示为某事“奠定基础、创造条件”的意思。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clinical trials (临床试验) are now testing therapies that boost Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases, or block Tregs activity in cancer to help the immune system fight tumors, offering hope to millions of patients.”可知，临床试验正在测试两种与Tregs相关的不同方法：一是增强其功能治疗自身免疫病，二是抑制其功能以对抗癌症。故选C。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇即宣布获奖者和获奖领域，随后按时间顺序介绍了三位科学家的具体发现和贡献，最后说明了这些发现的临床应用前景。因此，文章的主要目的是介绍诺贝尔奖得主及其贡献。故选B。 Glaciers are formed in areas of high snowfall in winter and cool temperatures in summer. They can come in different shapes and sizes. Some glaciers are small and they may only be a few meters wide. Some glaciers are large, and they are over hundreds of thousands of kilometers. About 10% of the world’s land is covered by such different sizes of glaciers. They serve as natural reservoirs (水库) because about 75% of all the fresh water in the world is kept in glaciers. That’s why glaciers are quite important. Now some glaciers are disappearing because of global (全球的) warming. As the Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly. Scientists believe that it will lead to serious results in the near future. There will be more earthquakes. Large glaciers stop small earthquakes because the plates can’t move much under these huge objects. In Southeast Alaska, some glaciers are gone, and the land is lifted. So the plates can move more quickly, and this leads to more earthquakes there. Volcanoes (火山) will become “hot” again. Volcanoes are waking up because of the disappearing glaciers. Even volcanoes that weren’t lively have broken out several times in recent years. Scientists said that the glaciers have something to do with it. The volcanoes will become “hot” again after the glaciers get thin. People, animals and plants are in danger. Coral (珊瑚) grows in salt water. The more glaciers melt, the more fresh water there will be, and it is not good for coral. People, animals and plants need fresh water from glaciers to live. They will be in danger if too much fresh water goes into the sea. Something must be done. Many people are now living a green life which is a way of living with less carbon dioxide (CO₂). For example, they prefer to take public transportation and use both sides of the paper. These are helpful in slowing down global warming. With little effort and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 41. How does the writer start the text? A. By listing numbers. B. By offering suggestions. C. By asking questions. D. By giving introductions. 42. Why are glaciers very important? A. They cover about 10% of the world’s land. B. They hold a lot of fresh water in the world. C. They are beautiful and loved by many tourists. D. They provide homes for different kinds of animals. 43. What does the underlined word “plates” mean in the text? plate/pleɪt/ n[C] plural plates A. A plate is a flat, usually round, dish that you put food on. B. A plate is a whole main course of a meal, served on one plate. C. A plate is one of the very large pieces of rock that form the earth’s surface and move slowly. D. A plate is a piece of metal or plastic at the front and back of a car with numbers and letters on it. 44. Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 45. Which of the following may the writer agree with? A. Glaciers will never disappear. B. Many people are trying to save the glaciers. C. The volcanoes speed up the melting of glaciers. D. Animals change themselves to fit in the new environment. 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰川的形成、重要性、全球变暖导致的冰川消失及其带来的严重后果，以及人们为减缓全球变暖所采取的绿色生活方式。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Glaciers are formed in areas of high snowfall in winter and cool temperatures in summer.”可知，作者通过介绍冰川的形成来展开介绍。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They serve as natural reservoirs (水库) because about 75% of all the fresh water in the world is kept in glaciers. That’s why glaciers are quite important.”可知，冰川的重要性在于储存大量淡水。故选B。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Large glaciers stop small earthquakes because the plates can’t move much under these huge objects.”可知，大型冰川阻止小地震，因为这些板块在这些巨大物体下无法移动太多，结合地质学常识可知，划线部分的含义是“地球表面的岩石板块”。故选C。 【44题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入冰川；第二段介绍冰川的重要性；第三段总体介绍冰川消失的危害，第四段到第六段具体介绍冰川消失带来的后果；最后一段给出解决措施。故选B。 【45题详解】 观点态度题。根据“Many people are now living a green life which is a way of living with less carbon dioxide (CO₂)…These are helpful in slowing down global warming. With little effort and not much money, most of us can make a difference.”可推知，作者认为人们在努力拯救冰川。故选B。 第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) E Do you know about the “Two Mountains Theory (理论)”?— ____46____ Or we can also say green waters and blue mountains are the same as the golden mountains and silver mountains. That means the beauty and the value of nature are as important as gold. This is the thought said by Chairman Xi Jinping who visited the Yu Village in Zhejiang Province in 2015. ____47____ And it also shows the human shares the same world with nature together. The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) is the seventh largest desert in China, with a total area of about 18, 600 square kilometers. ____48____, all it had were wind and sand. When it was in early spring, the sandstorm could be blown to Beijing in only one evening. The bad natural environment has become one of the most serious problems in the local area. ____49____ First of all, they planted a lot of trees and grass to increase the coverage (覆盖范围) of surface and stopped the water from washing the earth away. Then, they tried to manage the water resources and use the new water-saving technology in the farm field. ____50____ Lastly, they developed the new energy and renewable energy sources such as sunshine and wind to produce electricity to satisfy people’s daily electricity needs. Through the efforts in recent years, the Kubuqi desert has been controlled well. With a better environment and richer people, it truly practice sthe theory of lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. A. Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. B. In order to change this situation, the local government has done a lot. C. After that, use new biology technology skills to study the soil suitable for plant growth. D. There was no grass, no trees, no animals and even no people 30 years ago, E. This theory shows that the importance of environmental protection. 【答案】46. A 47. E 48. D 49. B 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕 “两山理论” 展开，主要介绍了该理论的内涵，并以内蒙古库布齐沙漠的治理为例，阐述了其在实践中的应用。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Do you know about the ‘Two Mountains Theory(理论)?”以及“Or we can also say green waters and blue mountains are the same as the golden mountains and silver mountains.”可知，此处是对“两山理论”的解释，A选项“绿水青山就是金山银山”符合语境。故选A。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This is the thought said by Chairman Xi Jinping who visited the Yu Village in Zhejiang Province in 2015.” 以及“And it also shows the human shares the same world with nature together.”可知，此处是在阐述该理论的意义，E选项“这个理论表明了环境保护的重要性”符合语境。故选E。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据“all it had were wind and sand.”可知，此处是在描述库布齐沙漠过去的状况，D选项“30年前，这里没有草，没有树，没有动物，甚至没有人”符合语境。故选D。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First of all, they planted a lot of trees and grass...Then, they tried to manage the water resources...Lastly, they developed the new energy...”可知，此处是在说明为改变现状所采取的措施，B选项“为了改变这种状况，当地政府做了很多工作”符合语境。故选B。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据“First of all...Then...Lastly...”的逻辑顺序，此处是治理沙漠过程中的中间步骤，C选项“之后，利用新的生物技术研究适合植物生长的土壤”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅴ. 情景交际(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分) 根据情景提示，用得体的语言完成下列各题。 51. A: I was a volunteer in a disabled children’s home and I cooked for them. B: What ________________! 【答案】a wonderful experience 【解析】 【详解】根据情景可知，此处应表达感叹“多么美妙的经历啊”，应用感叹句结构；中心词“experience”此处为可数名词单数，表“经历”，需用“What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数！”的句式。形容词“wonderful”以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用“a”。故填a wonderful experience。 52. A: ________________ in New York? B: Well… I heard that the environment used to be very polluted, but now it has improved a lot since I came here. 【答案】What’s the environment like 【解析】 【详解】句意：——纽约的环境怎么样？——嗯……，我听说环境过去污染很严重，但现在，自从我来到这儿，它已经改善了许多。根据“I heard that the environment used to be very polluted, but now it has improved a lot since I came here.”可知此处应是询问环境怎么样，问“什么怎么样”应用句型“what be...like”，environment意为“环境”，此处为不可数名词，由语境可知句子时态为一般现在时，故填What’s the environment like。 53. A: ________________? B: I’m OK. I have coughed less. 【答案】How are you feeling now 【解析】 【详解】根据答语“I’m OK. I have coughed less.”可知，回答者提及自己“咳嗽好转”，问句是询问对方现在的身体状态，英文表达为“How are you feeling now”。故填How are you feeling now。 54. A: ________________? B: Great! I went to many places near my home in India for my trip. 【答案】How was your trip 【解析】 【详解】根据答语“Great! I went to many places near my home in India for my trip.”可知，应询问“你的旅行怎么样”。故填How was your trip。 55. A: Why was the weather so bad? B: ________________. As a result, a lot of rich land changed into desert. 【答案】Because there was little rain 【解析】 【详解】句意：A：为什么天气如此糟糕？B：因为几乎没有雨。结果，许多肥沃的土地变成了沙漠。根据问句“Why was the weather so bad?”可知，答语应回答原因，用because引导，根据“As a result, a lot of rich land changed into desert.”可知，土地变成沙漠是因为雨水少，且根据was可知，此处用there be句型的一般过去时，little修饰不可数名词rain。故填Because there was little rain。 Ⅵ. 看图写话(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. There be, pour ________________________ 57. not only...but also ________________________ 58. stop, blow away ________________________ 59. when, future ________________________ 60. care for ________________________ 【答案】56. There is waste water pouring into the river. 57. Making loud noise not only disturbs others but also harms hearing. 58. Trees stop the soil from being blown away by the wind. 59. When she grows up in the future, she wants to be a cook. 60. We should care for wild tigers. 【解析】 【56题详解】 根据图片和所给单词可知，可知本句应表达为“有废水正流入河里”。There be结构，主语是waste water，定语是pouring into the river。故填There is waste water pouring into the river. 【57题详解】 根据图片和所给单词可知，可知本句应表达为“制造大声喧哗不仅打扰他人，而且损害听力”。主谓宾结构，主语是Making loud noise，并列谓语是disturbs和harms，并列宾语是others和hearing。故填Making loud noise not only disturbs others but also harms hearing. 【58题详解】 根据图片和所给单词可知，可知本句应表达为“树木阻止土壤被风吹走”。主谓宾宾补结构，主语是Trees，谓语是stop，宾语是the soil，宾补是from being blown away by the wind。故填Trees stop the soil from being blown away by the wind. 【59题详解】 根据图片和所给单词可知，可知本句应表达为“当她将来长大时，她想成为一名厨师”。主谓宾结构，主语是she，谓语是wants，宾语是to be a cook，时间状语从句为When she grows up in the future。故填When she grows up in the future, she wants to be a cook. 【60题详解】 根据图片和所给单词可知，可知本句应表达为“我们应该关爱野生老虎”。主谓宾结构，主语是We，谓语是should care for，宾语是wild tigers。故填We should care for wild tigers. Ⅶ. 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 One day, an old man, seen as the wisest (最睿智的) man in the village, was walking along the road when a young man ____61____ (stop) him. “You have no right to teach others,” he shouted. “You are as stupid as everybody else. You are nothing at all.” The old man was not angry at these ____62____ (word). Instead, he asked the young man, “Tell me, if you buy a gift for someone and that person does not accept it, who does the gift belong to?” The man was ____63____ (surprise) to hear such a strange question, but it was not difficult. “It would belong to me because I bought the gift,” he answered. The old man smiled and said, “That’s right. It is ____64____ (real) the same with your anger. If you become angry ____65____ me and I do not get upset, then the anger falls back on you. You are ____66____ only one who becomes unhappy, not me. All you have ____67____ (do) is to hurt yourself. If you want to stop ____68____ (hurt) yourself, you must get rid of (丢掉) ____69____ (you) anger and become loving instead. When you hate others, you yourself become unhappy. ____70____ when you love others, everyone is happy.” 【答案】61. stopped 62. words 63. surprised 64. really 65. with 66. the 67. done 68. hurting 69. your 70. But 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是一个智者和一个年轻人之间的对话，年轻人对智者发表了愤怒的言论，但是智者并没有生气，而是通过自己的方式告诉年轻人一个道理——愤怒只会伤害自己，而爱别人和善待别人才能带来幸福。 【61题详解】 句意：一天，一位被视为村里最聪明的老人正走在路上，一个年轻人拦住了他。根据“was walking along the road”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故此空要填动词过去式。故填stopped。 【62题详解】 句意：老人对这些话并不生气。word是可数名词，空前是“these”修饰，故此空应使用复数形式。故填words。 【63题详解】 句意：这个男人听到这样一个奇怪的问题很惊讶，但这并不难。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语，be surprised to“对……感到惊讶”。故填surprised。 【64题详解】 句意：你的愤怒也是如此。此空使用real的副词形式really，修饰后面形容词短语the same with“和……一样”。故填really。 【65题详解】 句意：如果你生我的气，而我没有生气，那么愤怒就会落在你身上。根据“become angry...me”可知，此处是become angry with sb.“和某人生气”。故填with。 【66题详解】 句意：你是唯一不快乐的人，我不是。根据“...only one who becomes unhappy”可知此空特指变得不开心的那个人，用定冠词the。故填the。 【67题详解】 句意：你所做的一切都是在伤害自己。根据“All you have...is to hurt yourself.”可知此空指做过的事，用动词过去分词，和助动词have构成现在完成时。故填done。 【68题详解】 句意：如果你想停止伤害自己，你必须摆脱你的愤怒，转而变得充满爱。根据“to hurt yourself”可知，此处使用stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，表示“停止伤害自己”。故填hurting。 【69题详解】 句意：如果你想停止伤害自己，你必须摆脱你的愤怒，转而变得充满爱。you是人称代词，此处修饰名词anger“愤怒”，故需要形容词性物主代词your“你的”。故填your。 【70题详解】 句意：但是当你爱别人的时候，每个人都很快乐。根据“When you hate others, you yourself become unhappy...when you love others, everyone is happy”可知，两句话表转折关系，空格后无逗号，所以使用but连接。故填But。 Ⅷ. 书面表达(满分15分) 71. 近年来，我们周围的环境发生了一些变化。请以“The Changing Environment around Us”为题，谈谈你观察到的主要环境变化、这些变化带来的影响，以及作为中学生，我们可以做些什么来保护环境。请你根据下图所示，写一篇演讲稿，谈谈你周围环境的变化和想法。词数80左右。 The Changing Environment around Us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The Changing Environment around Us Dear friends, In recent years, the environment around us has changed a lot. The weather is getting hotter. Pollution is still a problem in some areas. We need more green spaces like parks. These changes have effects on us such as making some people sick, making places dirty, and causing resource shortages. As middle school students, we can do our part to protect the environment. We can save water and electricity, recycle waste, and plant more trees. Let’s take action now to make our environment better. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇讲稿； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，以“The Changing Environment around Us”为题，不能遗漏信息，可适当发挥。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍观察到的主要环境变化； 第二步，介绍环境变化带来的负面影响； 第三步，介绍改变环境的建议和措施。 [亮点词汇] ①change a lot变化很大 ②such as例如 ③take action采取行动 [高分句型] ①The weather is getting hotter.（比较级） ②Let’s take action now to make our environment better.（祈使句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 福州杨桥中学2025-2026学年第一学期10月适应性练习九年级英语 命题人：陈慧敏 审卷人：李清 (本卷共14页 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 Ⅰ. 听力(共三节，20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分) 第一节 听句子 听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。(每个句子读两遍) 1A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节 听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。(每段对话读两遍) 听第1段对话，回答第6小题。 6. What did Jane do for the disabled children? A. She told stories. B. She cleaned rooms. C. She put on funny shows 听第2段对话，回答第7小题。 7. How long has Ann kept her car? A. Since last month. B. Since 2 years ago. C. Since last year 听第3段对话，回答第8小题。 8. Who will eat out? A. Mike. B. Jane. C. Jane and Mike 听第4段对话，回答第9小题。 9. What’s the weather like? A. It’s cloudy. B. It’s windy. C. It’s sunny. 听第5段对话，回答第10、11小题。 10. Where are the two speakers now? A. In a park. B. On a bus. C. On a plane. 11. What does the woman think causes the sun to be so red? A. Air pollution. B. Light pollution. C. Soil pollution. 听第6段对话，回答第12、13小题。 12. What’s Tim doing? A. Watching TV. B. Reading a newspaper. C. Searching the Internet. 13. Why is Tim angry? A. Because some people stole some ducks. B. Because some people picked flowers. C. Because some people cut down and stole hundreds of trees. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. What did Karl do yesterday? A. He collected garbage. B. He bought some food. C. He saw some animals. 15. Where was Karl yesterday? A. In a shop. B. In a zoo. C. In a park. 第三节 听短文 根据你所听到的短文内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。(短文读三遍) Notice Who Mark Brown, an officer from the 16 government. Introduction The topic of the speech is about how to protect our beautiful 17 . Where and when The speech will be at three o’clock on Friday 18 in the school hall. What to do *Take a pen and a notebook. *While listening, write down the main 19 about the speech. How Visit our school website or 20 us for more information. Ⅱ. 选择填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。 1. — When will they leave for Beijing? — ________ the morning of October 1st. A. In B. On C. At 2. — Since the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in our country. — ________. A. So they have B. So have they C. Neither have they 3. —Peter, remember to take an umbrella tomorrow. —OK. I know ________ it rains, I’ll get wet without it. A. once B. until C. since 4. —________ have they been in China? —Since 2008. A. How long B. How often C. How soon 5. Mr. Brown ________ to Paris a week ago and ________ there for a week. A. has gone; has been in B. has been; has stayed C. went; has stayed 6. Recently, there ________ more environmental problems as the population increases. A. are B. have been C. has been 7. When we meet a new word in an article, we can guess its meaning ________the context. A. out of B. according to C. far from 8. It is kind________ you to________. A. of; pick me up B. for; pick up me C. of; pick up me 9. Smoking has a bad ________ on our health, especially the young. So students mustn’t smoke. A. effort B. effect C. value 10. He ________ live in the city, but now he ________ country life. A. is used to; used to B. be used to; is used to C. used to; gets used to 11. There are________ many people________ we can’t find each other. A. too, to B. such, that C. so, that 12. —Jenny, can I have my dictionary back? You________ for 5 days. —Sorry, I’ll return it right away. A. have brought B. have kept C. have borrowed 13. —Have Tom called you ________? —No, but I have ________ gave him my number. A. already; yet B. yet; ever C. yet; already 14. Last Sunday, I spent ________ hour visiting the National Museum and bought ________ useful book about history there. A. an; a B. a; an C. an; an 15. —Could you please tell me ________? —Go along this street and turn right at the first crossing. A. where is the library B. how I can get to the library C. whether there is a library nearby Ⅲ. 完形填空。(每小题1. 5分，共15分) 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 You know that pile of homework is due tomorrow, but you just find yourself putting it off and ____16____ looking for distractions, such as checking your phone or logging into a social networking site. If that sounds like what you do, you may be dealing with procrastination (拖延症), a habit of putting things off to a ____17____ time. But you’re not alone. In fact, procrastination has ____18____ a huge change in people’s lives. So why do people procrastinate and ____19____ to get rid of the habit? A fear of failure is often the primary reason why people procrastinate. If you have a task (任务) to do and you’ re unsure of your ability to do it, then it’s only ____20____ that you’ll put it off. You may not be able to successfully complete your job ____21____ you don’t want to admit (承认) it. However, the thing is, that task will not go away and you still have to get it done on time. In this case, the ____22____ is to work out the true reason why you’ re afraid of failing. Often, you’ ll discover that there is some technical reason ____23____ your procrastination — that is, you just don’t have the knowledge or skills to do it. The answer is to be straight up about it. ____24____ you have to learn the skills to the point where you can do the task or you have to ask for help. Don’t just leave it! We all know where that ____25____ —a dark place filled with bad consequences (后果) in your life and increased stress. 16. A. actively B. carefully C. properly 17. A. quicker B. later C. less 18. A. reached B. caused C. repeated 19. A. when B. what C. how 20 A. wise B. natural C. strange 21. A. as well as B. instead C. even if 22. A. request B. secret C. progress 23. A. beside B. behind C. past 24 A. Both B. Either C. Neither 25. A. ends up B. takes up C. looks up Ⅳ. 阅读理解(共两节，25小题：满分45分) 第一节：阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。(共20小题：每小题2分，满分40分) A Invisible communication Do you want to send a message to a friend secretly? Here is a way to make secret communication. ※What you’ll need: Half of a lemon A cup or a small glass with four spoons of water in it Cotton swab White paper Electric lamp ※How to make it: 1. Squeeze lemon juice into water and mix. 2. Dip the swab into juice and water mixture and write some words on the paper. 3. Let wet paper dry well. Show it to your friend and ask if he or she can see a message on it. NO! 4. Hold the paper close to an electric lamp to heat it. Can your friends see the writing now? YES! Words appear! 26. How many steps do we need to make secret communication? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 27. To make the experiment, you need the following things except________. A B. C. D. 28. What does the underlined word “dip” mean in Chinese according to the context? A. 添加 B. 滴入 C. 浸泡 D. 捆绑 29. What makes your word appear? A. Carbon B. White paper. C. Water. D. Cotton swab. 30. In which part of a magazine is the passage probably from? A. Healthy Food. B. Close to Nature. C. Energy Saving. D. Science in Daily Life. Sitting in my car, I was watching dolphins swim in the ocean. It was such an enjoyment. Suddenly I saw more and more dolphins become beached after the tide (潮水) went out. That was too dangerous. Those dolphins needed help — and fast. Without thinking too much, I jumped off my car and ran toward them. I first called the police and Wildlife Protection Organization, but their hands were far and away. On the beach hardly a person could be seen. For those dolphins, it was a life-or-death moment. Not knowing what to do, I turned to the Internet for help, hoping people nearby could see my post and come to save those lovely animals. Minutes later, three teenage boys of a nearby school were the first to arrive, It was like light piercing (穿透) the darkness. Then more and more people arrived after that. With direction from fishermen, about 40 volunteers were able to get to work on digging, pulling and bringing smaller dolphins to deeper waters. However, to everyone’s surprise, no dolphin left by itself after it got free. When the tide began to rise, the dolphins chirped (唧唧叫) to encourage each other. The dolphins stayed where they were in the water until the save was complete. Once all 16 dolphins were set free, they soon returned to their ocean home together. It warmed my hear that the dolphins showed a sense of belonging (归属) — helping each other in face of difficulty. Looking around, I understood that our volunteer group is very similar to the dolphins. On a cold November day, nobody was afraid to get wet or dirty. We tried our best to save the dolphins and communicated back and forth (来回地) to keep the save in order and to ensure the safety of everybody. I will never forget this experience. 31. What happened to the dolphins suddenly according to Paragraph 1? A. They asked for help. B. They were brought to deeper waters. C. They became beached. D. They chirped to encourage each other. 32. Who saved the dolphins at last? A. The police. B. Nearby people. C. A fisherman. D. People from an organization. 33. Why did no dolphin leave by itself after it got free? A. Because the tide began to rise. B. Because they had a sense of belonging. C. Because it was a life-or-death moment. D. Because more and more people arrived. 34. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To call on the animal protection B. To state the importance of the safety. C. To speak highly of the volunteers’ spirits. D. To present the relationship between animals and humans. 35. How did the writer’s feelings change after the accident happened? A. Happy→nervous→sad→happy B. Surprised→nervous→tired→joyful C. Scared→worried→excited→peaceful D. Worried→excited→surprised→warm C 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine On October 6, 2025, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to American scientists Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Japanese researcher Shimon Sakaguchi for their groundbreaking work on peripheral immune tolerance (外周免疫耐受). In 1995, Sakaguchi discovered regulatory T cells (Tregs) (调节性T细胞). These cells act as the immune system’s “security guards, ” preventing other immune cells from attacking the body’s own tissues. In 2001, Brunkow and Ramsdell found that mutations (突变) in a gene called Foxp3 (叉头框蛋白P3基因) caused severe autoimmune diseases (自身免疫性疾病) in mice. They also proved that similar mutations lead to a life-threatening autoimmune condition in humans called IPEX syndrome (免疫失调、多内分泌腺病、肠病、X连锁综合征). In 2003, Sakaguchi linked these findings, showing Foxp3 is the “master switch” controlling Treg development. Without functional Foxp3, Tregs cannot form properly, leaving the body vulnerable to autoimmune attacks (自身免疫攻击). Their collective discoveries have paved the way for new treatments. Clinical trials (临床试验) are now testing therapies that boost Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases, or block Tregs activity in cancer to help the immune system fight tumors, offering hope to millions of patients. 36. What is the primary reason for Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi to win the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine? A. They developed a new therapy for cancer. B They discovered the mechanism of peripheral immune tolerance. C. They found a cure for IPEX syndrome. D. They invented a method to boost immune cells. 37. Which of the following statements about regulatory T cells (Tregs) is correct according to the passage? A. They can cause autoimmune diseases if not controlled. B. They were first identified by Brunkow and Ramsdell in 2001. C. They mainly work to attack cancerous tumors. D. Their development depends on the normal function of the Foxp3 gene. 38. The underlined phrase “pave the way for” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to________. A. set a foundation for B. create difficulties for C. slow down the progress of D. take the place of 39. What can we infer from the passage about clinical trials mentioned? A. They have already successfully cured autoimmune diseases B. They are only carried out on mice rather than humans. C. They focus on two different ways related to Tregs. D. They were first designed by Shimon Sakaguchi in 2003. 40. The passage is mainly intended to________. A. explain how autoimmune diseases form B. introduce the Nobel Prize winners and their contributions C. compare different research methods in immune system study D. encourage high school students to pursue a career in science Glaciers are formed in areas of high snowfall in winter and cool temperatures in summer. They can come in different shapes and sizes. Some glaciers are small and they may only be a few meters wide. Some glaciers are large, and they are over hundreds of thousands of kilometers. About 10% of the world’s land is covered by such different sizes of glaciers. They serve as natural reservoirs (水库) because about 75% of all the fresh water in the world is kept in glaciers. That’s why glaciers are quite important. Now some glaciers are disappearing because of global (全球的) warming. As the Earth becomes warmer, glaciers melt quickly. Scientists believe that it will lead to serious results in the near future. There will be more earthquakes. Large glaciers stop small earthquakes because the plates can’t move much under these huge objects. In Southeast Alaska, some glaciers are gone, and the land is lifted. So the plates can move more quickly, and this leads to more earthquakes there. Volcanoes (火山) will become “hot” again. Volcanoes are waking up because of the disappearing glaciers. Even volcanoes that weren’t lively have broken out several times in recent years. Scientists said that the glaciers have something to do with it. The volcanoes will become “hot” again after the glaciers get thin. People, animals and plants are in danger. Coral (珊瑚) grows in salt water. The more glaciers melt, the more fresh water there will be, and it is not good for coral. People, animals and plants need fresh water from glaciers to live. They will be in danger if too much fresh water goes into the sea. Something must be done. Many people are now living a green life which is a way of living with less carbon dioxide (CO₂). For example, they prefer to take public transportation and use both sides of the paper. These are helpful in slowing down global warming. With little effort and not much money, most of us can make a difference. 41. How does the writer start the text? A. By listing numbers. B. By offering suggestions. C. By asking questions. D. By giving introductions. 42. Why are glaciers very important? A. They cover about 10% of the world’s land. B. They hold a lot of fresh water in the world. C. They are beautiful and loved by many tourists. D. They provide homes for different kinds of animals. 43. What does the underlined word “plates” mean in the text? plate/pleɪt/ n.[C] plural plates A. A plate is a flat, usually round, dish that you put food on. B. A plate is a whole main course of a meal, served on one plate. C. A plate is one of the very large pieces of rock that form the earth’s surface and move slowly. D. A plate is a piece of metal or plastic at the front and back of a car with numbers and letters on it. 44. Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. 45. Which of the following may the writer agree with? A. Glaciers will never disappear. B. Many people are trying to save the glaciers. C. The volcanoes speed up the melting of glaciers. D. Animals change themselves to fit in the new environment. 第二节：阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项。使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) E Do you know about the “Two Mountains Theory (理论)”?— ____46____ Or we can also say green waters and blue mountains are the same as the golden mountains and silver mountains. That means the beauty and the value of nature are as important as gold. This is the thought said by Chairman Xi Jinping who visited the Yu Village in Zhejiang Province in 2015. ____47____ And it also shows the human shares the same world with nature together. The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) is the seventh largest desert in China, with a total area of about 18, 600 square kilometers. ____48____, all it had were wind and sand. When it was in early spring, the sandstorm could be blown to Beijing in only one evening. The bad natural environment has become one of the most serious problems in the local area. ____49____ First of all, they planted a lot of trees and grass to increase the coverage (覆盖范围) of surface and stopped the water from washing the earth away. Then, they tried to manage the water resources and use the new water-saving technology in the farm field. ____50____ Lastly, they developed the new energy and renewable energy sources such as sunshine and wind to produce electricity to satisfy people’s daily electricity needs. Through the efforts in recent years, the Kubuqi desert has been controlled well. With a better environment and richer people, it truly practice sthe theory of lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. A. Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. B. In order to change this situation, the local government has done a lot. C. After that, use new biology technology skills to study the soil suitable for plant growth. D. There was no grass, no trees, no animals and even no people 30 years ago, E. This theory shows that the importance of environmental protection. Ⅴ. 情景交际(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分) 根据情景提示，用得体的语言完成下列各题。 51. A: I was a volunteer in a disabled children’s home and I cooked for them. B: What ________________! 52. A: ________________ in New York? B: Well… I heard that the environment used to be very polluted, but now it has improved a lot since I came here. 53. A: ________________? B: I’m OK. I have coughed less. 54. A: ________________? B: Great! I went to many places near my home in India for my trip. 55. A: Why was the weather so bad? B: ________________. As a result a lot of rich land changed into desert. Ⅵ. 看图写话(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 56. There be, pour ________________________ 57. not only...but also ________________________ 58. stop, blow away ________________________ 59. when, future ________________________ 60. care for ________________________ Ⅶ. 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 One day, an old man, seen as the wisest (最睿智的) man in the village, was walking along the road when a young man ____61____ (stop) him. “You have no right to teach others,” he shouted. “You are as stupid as everybody else. You are nothing at all.” The old man was not angry at these ____62____ (word). Instead, he asked the young man, “Tell me, if you buy a gift for someone and that person does not accept it, who does the gift belong to?” The man was ____63____ (surprise) to hear such a strange question, but it was not difficult. “It would belong to me because I bought the gift,” he answered. The old man smiled and said, “That’s right. It is ____64____ (real) the same with your anger. If you become angry ____65____ me and I do not get upset, then the anger falls back on you. You are ____66____ only one who becomes unhappy, not me. All you have ____67____ (do) is to hurt yourself. If you want to stop ____68____ (hurt) yourself, you must get rid of (丢掉) ____69____ (you) anger and become loving instead. When you hate others, you yourself become unhappy. ____70____ when you love others, everyone is happy.” Ⅷ. 书面表达(满分15分) 71. 近年来，我们周围的环境发生了一些变化。请以“The Changing Environment around Us”为题，谈谈你观察到的主要环境变化、这些变化带来的影响，以及作为中学生，我们可以做些什么来保护环境。请你根据下图所示，写一篇演讲稿，谈谈你周围环境的变化和想法。词数80左右。 The Changing Environment around Us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $