摘要:
该高中英语知识清单聚焦重大版必修2 Unit 3“Friends and friendship”主题词汇体系。从基础词汇(如friend, friendly)出发,延伸至派生词(friendliness)、词形变化及核心短语(如make friends, fade away),通过“词汇-派生-考点-例句”的层级支架,构建从认知到应用的学习路径。
知识链路以主题为锚点,系统关联词汇间的语义逻辑(如complain与complaint的词性转换),核心考点结合生活化例句强化语境应用,助力语言能力提升。结构清晰的表格呈现与“考点-例句”对应设计,培养学生自主梳理知识的学习能力,促进词汇网络的结构化构建。
内容正文:
重大版 必修2 Unit 3 Friends and friendship.词汇同步笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
warmly adv. 热情地;温暖地
无比较级/最高级
warm adj. 温暖的;热情的
1. warmly welcome(热情欢迎)2. speak warmly(热情地说)
They warmly welcomed the volunteer team that came to help.(他们热情地欢迎前来帮忙的志愿队。)
2
distant adj. 冷漠的;不太友好的;遥远的
比较级:more distant;最高级:most distant
distance n. 距离(同3)
1. distant relationship(冷漠的关系)2. distant place(遥远的地方)
She gave a distant smile and didn’t want to talk more.(她露出冷漠的微笑,不想再多说。)
3
distance n. 距离;间距;疏远
复数:distances
distant adj. 冷漠的;遥远的(同2)
1. in the distance(在远处)2. keep distance from(与……保持距离)
We could see the mountains in the distance when we climbed the hill.(爬山时,我们能看到远处的山脉。)
4
former adj. 从前的;前任的;n. 前者
形容词无比较级;复数:formers
无
1. former student(前学生)2. the former(前者,对应the latter“后者”)
My former teacher now works in a school in another city.(我以前的老师现在在另一座城市的学校工作。)
5
complain vt./vi. 抱怨;发牢骚
过去式/过去分词:complained
complaint n. 抱怨;投诉
1. complain about(抱怨……)2. complain to sb.(向某人抱怨)
She often complains about the heavy homework to her parents.(她经常向父母抱怨作业太多。)
6
outsider n. 局外人;外来者
复数:outsiders
无
1. outsider to sth.(……的局外人)2. feel like an outsider(觉得自己是局外人)
As a new student, he felt like an outsider in the class at first.(作为新生,他一开始觉得自己在班上像个局外人。)
7
view vt. 看待;认为;n. 观点;意见;风景
过去式/过去分词:viewed;复数:views
viewer n. 观众;观察者
1. view as(把……看作)2. in view of(鉴于;考虑到)
Most people view hard work as the key to success.(大多数人认为努力是成功的关键。)
8
shared adj. 共享的;共同的
比较级:more shared;最高级:most shared
share vt./vi. 分享;分担
1. shared experience(共同经历)2. shared room(合住的房间)
They have many shared memories from their childhood.(他们有很多童年时的共同回忆。)
9
bond n. 联系;维系;纽带;v. 粘合
复数:bonds;过去式/过去分词:bonded
无
1. bond between(……之间的联系)2. form a bond(建立联系)
The common hobby formed a strong bond between the two friends.(共同的爱好让这两个朋友之间建立了牢固的联系。)
10
friendliness n. 友好;友善
不可数
friendly adj. 友好的(同11);friend n. 朋友(同12)
1. friendliness to sb.(对某人的友好)2. show friendliness(表现出友善)
Her friendliness made everyone in the new class like her quickly.(她的友善让新班级里的每个人很快都喜欢上她。)
11
friendly adj. 友好的;友善的
比较级:friendlier/more friendly;最高级:friendliest/most friendly
friend n. 朋友(同12);friendliness n. 友好(同10)
1. be friendly to(对……友好)2. friendly smile(友善的微笑)
The shop assistant is always friendly to every customer.(店员对每位顾客都很友好。)
12
friend n. 朋友;友人
复数:friends
friendly adj. 友好的(同11);friendship n. 友谊
1. make friends(交朋友)2. good friend(好朋友)
She made many new friends when she studied abroad.(她出国留学时交了很多新朋友。)
13
exchange vt./vi. 交换;交流;n. 交换;兑换
过去式/过去分词:exchanged;复数:exchanges
exchangeable adj. 可交换的
1. exchange sth. with sb.(与某人交换某物)2. exchange student(交换生)
We exchanged phone numbers after the meeting and promised to keep in touch.(会后我们交换了电话号码,约定保持联系。)
14
greeting n. 欢迎;问候;招呼
复数:greetings
greet vt. 欢迎;迎接(同15)
1. greeting card(贺卡)2. send greetings(致以问候)
People usually send greeting cards to their relatives during festivals.(节日期间,人们通常给亲戚寄贺卡。)
15
greet vt. 欢迎;迎接;问候
过去式/过去分词:greeted
greeting n. 欢迎;问候(同14)
1. greet sb. with(用……问候某人)2. greet the guests(迎接客人)
The children greeted their parents with big hugs when they got home.(父母回家时,孩子们用大大的拥抱迎接他们。)
16
fade vi. 逐渐消失;褪色;vt. 使褪色
过去式/过去分词:faded
无
1. fade away(逐渐消失,同27)2. fade from memory(从记忆中消失)
The sound of the music faded away as the band left the stage.(乐队离开舞台后,音乐声逐渐消失。)
17
lifelong adj. 长期的;终身的
无比较级/最高级
无
1. lifelong friend(终身挚友)2. lifelong dream(毕生梦想)
She has been pursuing her lifelong dream of becoming a doctor.(她一直在追求成为医生的毕生梦想。)
18
long-term adj. 长期的
无比较级/最高级
short-term adj. 短期的(对应词)
1. long-term plan(长期计划)2. long-term effect(长期影响)
We need to make a long-term plan to protect the environment.(我们需要制定长期计划来保护环境。)
19
delighted adj. 高兴的;愉快的
比较级:more delighted;最高级:most delighted
delight vt. 使高兴(同20);delightful adj. 令人愉快的
1. be delighted to do(高兴做某事)2. be delighted with(对……满意)
I was delighted to receive an invitation to her birthday party.(收到她生日派对的邀请,我很高兴。)
20
delight vt. 使高兴;使愉快;n. 高兴;乐趣
过去式/过去分词:delighted;不可数
delighted adj. 高兴的(同19);delightful adj. 令人愉快的
1. delight in(为……高兴,同32)2. to one’s delight(令某人高兴的是)
To our delight, our team won the first prize in the competition.(令我们高兴的是,我们队在比赛中获得了一等奖。)
21
at first 首先;起初
无词形变化
无
1. at first glance(乍一看)2. at first, I thought…(起初,我以为……)
At first, I didn’t understand the problem, but later my teacher explained it clearly.(起初我不懂这个问题,后来老师给我讲清楚了。)
22
in a general way 一般地;宽泛地;大体上
无词形变化
无
1. speak in a general way(笼统地说)2. describe in a general way(大体描述)
He described his travel experience in a general way, without too many details.(他大体描述了自己的旅行经历,没有太多细节。)
23
base on/upon 建于……之上;以……为基础(主动)
无词形变化
base n. 基础;vt. 以……为基础
1. base sth. on(把某事建立在……基础上)2. base a theory on(以……为理论基础)
The writer based his novel on his own childhood experiences.(这位作家的小说以自己的童年经历为基础。)
24
be based on/upon 建于……之上;以……为基础(被动)
无词形变化
base n. 基础;vt. 以……为基础
1. be based on facts(以事实为基础)2. be based on experience(基于经验)
This movie is based on a true story that happened in the 1990s.(这部电影基于一个发生在20世纪90年代的真实故事。)
25
no longer/not… any longer 不再
无词形变化
无
1. no longer do sth.(不再做某事)2. not… any longer(不再……)
She no longer lives in this city—she moved to Beijing last year.(她不再住在这座城市了,去年搬到了北京。)
26
out of 从……中;出于;缺乏
无词形变化
无
1. out of sight(看不见)2. out of breath(上气不接下气)
The child ran so fast that he was out of breath when he stopped.(孩子跑得太快,停下来时上气不接下气。)
27
fade away 逐渐消失;渐渐褪色
无词形变化
无
1. hope fade away(希望逐渐破灭)2. color fade away(颜色渐渐褪色)
As time went by, the memory of that day slowly faded away.(随着时间流逝,那天的记忆慢慢消失了。)
28
for a while 一会儿;一段时间
无词形变化
无
1. wait for a while(等一会儿)2. stay for a while(待一会儿)
Can you wait for a while? I need to finish this work first.(你能等一会儿吗?我需要先完成这项工作。)
29
by chance 偶然地;意外地
无词形变化
无
1. meet by chance(偶然遇见)2. find by chance(偶然发现)
I met my old classmate by chance in the supermarket yesterday.(昨天我在超市偶然遇见了老同学。)
30
pick up 重新开始;继续;捡起;接人
无词形变化
无
1. pick up a conversation(重新开始交谈)2. pick up sb.(接某人)
We stopped for a break and then picked up our discussion.(我们停下来休息了一会儿,然后继续讨论。)
31
leave off 停止;中断(尤指暂时)
无词形变化
无
1. leave off doing(停止做某事)2. leave off at(在……处中断)
We left off our work at 5 o’clock and went home.(我们5点停止工作,然后回家了。)
32
be delighted in/delight in 为……高兴;喜爱
无词形变化
无
1. delight in reading(喜爱阅读)2. be delighted in helping(乐于帮助)
She delights in helping others and often volunteers at the community center.(她乐于帮助别人,经常在社区中心做志愿工作。)
33
flat adj. 单调的;平的;n. 公寓
形容词比较级:flatter;最高级:flattest;复数:flats
无
1. flat voice(单调的声音)2. flat tire(瘪胎)
His flat explanation made the students feel bored.(他单调的讲解让学生们觉得无聊。)
34
majority n. 多数;大多数
单数(常与the连用)
major adj. 主要的;n. 专业
1. the majority of(大多数……)2. in the majority(占多数)
The majority of students in our class prefer to study English.(我们班大多数学生更喜欢学英语。)
35
limited adj. 有限的
比较级:more limited;最高级:most limited
limit n. 限制;vt. 限制(同36)
1. limited time(有限的时间)2. limited resources(有限的资源)
We have limited time to finish this project, so we need to work hard.(我们完成这个项目的时间有限,所以要努力工作。)
36
limit n. 限制;界限;vt. 限制
复数:limits;过去式/过去分词:limited
limited adj. 有限的(同35)
1. limit to(对……的限制)2. set a limit(设定限制)
The school set a limit to the number of students in each class.(学校对每个班的学生人数设定了限制。)
37
church n. 教堂;礼拜
复数:churches(ch变ches)
无
1. go to church(去做礼拜)2. church service(礼拜仪式)
They go to church every Sunday to attend the church service.(他们每周日去教堂做礼拜。)
38
approach vi. 接近;靠近;vt. 处理;n. 方法;途径
过去式/过去分词:approached;复数:approaches
无
1. approach to(……的方法)2. approach sb.(接近某人)
We need to find a new approach to solving this problem.(我们需要找到解决这个问题的新方法。)
39
embarrass vt. 使尴尬;使难为情
过去式/过去分词:embarrassed
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(同40);embarrassment n. 尴尬
1. embarrass sb. in public(当众使某人尴尬)2. be embarrassing(令人尴尬的)
His silly question embarrassed her in front of all her friends.(他愚蠢的问题让她在所有朋友面前很尴尬。)
40
embarrassed adj. 尴尬的;难为情的
比较级:more embarrassed;最高级:most embarrassed
embarrass vt. 使尴尬(同39);embarrassment n. 尴尬
1. be embarrassed about(对……感到尴尬)2. look embarrassed(看起来尴尬)
She felt embarrassed about forgetting her best friend’s birthday.(忘记了最好朋友的生日,她感到很尴尬。)
41
salary n. 薪水;工资(常指月薪/年薪)
复数:salaries
无
1. monthly salary(月薪)2. high salary(高薪)
He gets a good monthly salary and can afford a comfortable life.(他月薪不错,能过上舒适的生活。)
42
custom n. 风俗;习惯;[pl.] 海关
复数:customs(表“风俗”时可加s;表“海关”时常用复数)
customary adj. 习惯的;惯例的
1. local custom(当地风俗)2. social custom(社会习俗)
It’s a local custom to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival.(春节吃饺子是当地的风俗。)
43
invitation n. 邀请;邀请函
复数:invitations
invite vt. 邀请(同44)
1. invitation to(……的邀请)2. accept an invitation(接受邀请)
She received an invitation to the opening ceremony of the new library.(她收到了新图书馆开幕式的邀请。)
44
invite vt. 邀请;招致
过去式/过去分词:invited
invitation n. 邀请(同43)
1. invite sb. to(邀请某人去……)2. invite trouble(招致麻烦)
They invited their neighbors to their house for dinner last weekend.(上周末他们邀请邻居来家里吃饭。)
45
realisation n. 实现;认识;领悟(英式,美式:realization)
复数:realisations
realise vt. 意识到;实现(英式,美式:realize)
1. the realisation of a dream(梦想的实现)2. come to the realisation(逐渐意识到)
She came to the realisation that she had made a mistake.(她逐渐意识到自己犯了一个错误。)
46
somewhat adv. 有点;稍微
无比较级/最高级
无
1. somewhat difficult(有点难)2. somewhat late(稍微晚一点)
This math problem is somewhat difficult for me, but I’ll try to solve it.(这道数学题对我来说有点难,但我会努力解决。)
47
illustrate vt. 举例;说明;给……配插图
过去式/过去分词:illustrated
illustration n. 插图;说明
1. illustrate with(用……举例)2. illustrate a point(阐明观点)
The teacher used a simple story to illustrate the importance of honesty.(老师用一个简单的故事阐明了诚实的重要性。)
48
lose vt. 丢失;失去;vi. 失败
过去式/过去分词:lost
loss n. 丢失;损失(同49);lost adj. 丢失的
1. lose one’s way(迷路)2. lose sight of(看不见)
He lost his way in the forest and had to wait for help.(他在森林里迷路了,只能等待救援。)
49
loss n. 丢失;失去;损失
复数:losses
lose vt. 丢失;失去(同48);lost adj. 丢失的
1. the loss of(……的丢失/损失)2. suffer a loss(遭受损失)
The company suffered a big loss because of the bad market.(由于市场不景气,这家公司遭受了重大损失。)
50
imaginary adj. 想象中的;不真实的
比较级:more imaginary;最高级:most imaginary
imagine vt./vi. 想象(同51);imagination n. 想象(同52)
1. imaginary friend(想象中的朋友)2. imaginary story(虚构的故事)
The child has an imaginary friend who he talks to every day.(这个孩子有一个想象中的朋友,每天都和他说话。)
51
imagine vt./vi. 想象;设想
过去式/过去分词:imagined
imagination n. 想象(同52);imaginary adj. 想象中的(同50)
1. imagine doing sth.(想象做某事)2. imagine that(想象……)
Can you imagine living on the moon in the future?(你能想象未来住在月球上的样子吗?)
52
imagination n. 想象;想象力
不可数
imagine vt./vi. 想象(同51);imaginary adj. 想象中的(同50)
1. use one’s imagination(发挥想象力)2. rich imagination(丰富的想象力)
Children usually have a rich imagination and like to tell stories.(孩子们通常有丰富的想象力,喜欢讲故事。)
53
stair n. 楼梯(常指一级)
复数:stairs(常用复数表“楼梯”)
staircase n. 楼梯间
1. a flight of stairs(一段楼梯)2. climb the stairs(爬楼梯)
She climbed the stairs slowly because her legs hurt.(她腿很疼,所以慢慢爬楼梯。)
54
bark vi. (狗、狼等)叫;吠;n. 犬吠声;树皮
过去式/过去分词:barked;复数:barks
无
1. bark at(狗等向……叫,同76)2. tree bark(树皮)
The dog barked at the stranger who walked past the house.(狗对着从房子旁边走过的陌生人叫。)
55
warning n. 警告;警示
复数:warnings
warn vt. 警告(同56)
1. warning sign(警示标志)2. give a warning(发出警告)
There is a warning sign near the river, telling people not to swim.(河边有一个警示标志,提醒人们不要游泳。)
56
warn vt. 警告;告诫;vi. 发出警告
过去式/过去分词:warned
warning n. 警告(同55)
1. warn sb. of(警告某人……)2. warn sb. not to(警告某人不要……)
The teacher warned the students of the danger of playing near the road.(老师警告学生们在路边玩耍有危险。)
57
attack n. 发作;侵袭;攻击;vt./vi. 攻击;侵袭
复数:attacks;过去式/过去分词:attacked
无
1. heart attack(心脏病发作)2. attack on(对……的攻击)
The old man had a heart attack and was sent to the hospital immediately.(这位老人心脏病发作,被立刻送往医院。)
58
suffer vi. 受痛苦;忍受;vt. 遭受
过去式/过去分词:suffered
suffering n. 痛苦;苦难
1. suffer from(遭受;患……病,同78)2. suffer pain(忍受痛苦)
She has been suffering from a bad cold for a week.(她患重感冒已经一周了。)
59
disappointment n. 失望;沮丧
不可数
disappoint vt. 使失望(同60);disappointed adj. 失望的(同61)
1. to one’s disappointment(令某人失望的是)2. great disappointment(极大的失望)
To my disappointment, I didn’t pass the English exam.(令我失望的是,我没有通过英语考试。)
60
disappoint vt. 使失望;使沮丧
过去式/过去分词:disappointed
disappointed adj. 失望的(同61);disappointment n. 失望(同59)
1. disappoint sb.(使某人失望)2. be disappointing(令人失望的)
The bad result of the match disappointed all the fans.(比赛的糟糕结果让所有球迷都很失望。)
61
disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的
比较级:more disappointed;最高级:most disappointed
disappoint vt. 使失望(同60);disappointment n. 失望(同59)
1. be disappointed at(对……失望)2. be disappointed with(对……失望)
They were disappointed at the cancelation of the concert.(音乐会取消了,他们很失望。)
62
sorrow n. 悲伤;悲痛;遗憾
不可数
sorrowful adj. 悲伤的
1. deep sorrow(深深的悲伤)2. sorrow at(对……的遗憾)
She expressed her deep sorrow at the news of her friend’s death.(听到朋友去世的消息,她表达了深深的悲伤。)
63
statue n. 雕像;塑像
复数:statues
无
1. bronze statue(青铜雕像)2. statue of(……的雕像)
There is a statue of a famous writer in the center of the square.(广场中央有一座著名作家的雕像。)
64
satisfactorily adv. 令人满意地;令人满足地
无比较级/最高级
satisfactory adj. 满意的(同65);satisfaction n. 满意(同66)
1. solve satisfactorily(圆满解决)2. finish satisfactorily(圆满完成)
The problem was solved satisfactorily after several rounds of discussion.(经过几轮讨论,这个问题得到了圆满解决。)
65
satisfactory adj. 满意的;符合要求的
比较级:more satisfactory;最高级:most satisfactory
satisfaction n. 满意(同66);satisfactorily adv. 令人满意地(同64)
1. satisfactory result(满意的结果)2. be satisfactory(符合要求)
The work he did was satisfactory, and his boss praised him.(他做的工作符合要求,老板表扬了他。)
66
satisfaction n. 满足;满意;欣慰
不可数
satisfactory adj. 满意的(同65);satisfy vt. 使满意
1. with satisfaction(满意地)2. to one’s satisfaction(令某人满意的是)
He nodded with satisfaction when he saw the clean room.(看到干净的房间,他满意地点了点头。)
67
lightning n. 闪电;adj. 闪电般的
不可数;形容词无比较级
无
1. thunder and lightning(雷电)2. lightning strike(雷击)
We heard thunder and saw lightning during the storm last night.(昨晚暴风雨时,我们听到雷声,看到闪电。)
68
ease vt. 减轻;缓解;n. 容易;舒适
过去式/过去分词:eased;不可数
easy adj. 容易的;easily adv. 容易地
1. ease pain(缓解疼痛)2. at ease(舒适;自在)
This medicine can ease your headache in a short time.(这种药能在短时间内缓解你的头痛。)
69
playful adj. 好玩的;淘气的;爱玩耍的
比较级:more playful;最高级:most playful
play v. 玩;玩耍;playfulness n. 顽皮
1. playful child(淘气的孩子)2. playful mood(爱玩的心情)
The playful puppy ran around the yard, chasing a butterfly.(淘气的小狗在院子里跑来跑去,追逐蝴蝶。)
70
kitten n. 小猫
复数:kittens
无
1. cute kitten(可爱的小猫)2. feed the kitten(喂小猫)
She found a cute kitten outside her house and decided to keep it.(她在房子外面发现一只可爱的小猫,决定收养它。)
71
blink n. 眨眼;闪烁;vi. 眨眼;闪烁
复数:blinks;过去式/过去分词:blinked
无
1. blink one’s eyes(眨眼睛)2. in a blink of an eye(一眨眼工夫,同75)
He blinked his eyes to clear his vision after looking at the screen for a long time.(长时间看屏幕后,他眨了眨眼睛来清晰视线。)
72
cautious adj. 小心的;谨慎的
比较级:more cautious;最高级:most cautious
caution n. 小心;谨慎;cautiously adv. 谨慎地
1. be cautious of(小心……)2. be cautious about(谨慎对待……)
You should be cautious of strangers who ask for personal information.(对索要个人信息的陌生人,你要小心。)
73
lessen vi. 减轻;减小;vt. 使减轻
过去式/过去分词:lessened
无
1. lessen pain(减轻疼痛)2. lessen stress(缓解压力)
Listening to soft music can help lessen your stress after work.(下班后听轻音乐能帮你缓解压力。)
74
due to 由某人/物引起的;由于……
无词形变化
无
1. due to rain(由于下雨)2. due to illness(因病)
The delay of the flight was due to bad weather.(航班延误是由于天气不好。)
75
in a/the blink of an eye 一眨眼工夫;瞬间
无词形变化
无
1. happen in a blink of an eye(瞬间发生)2. change in a blink of an eye(瞬间改变)
The beautiful fireworks disappeared in a blink of an eye.(美丽的烟花瞬间就消失了。)
76
bark at (狗、狼等)向……叫/吠
无词形变化
无
1. bark at a stranger(向陌生人叫)2. bark at a cat(向猫叫)
The little dog barked at every car that passed by the house.(这只小狗对着每一辆经过房子的车叫。)
77
die of 死于……(常指疾病、衰老等内因)
无词形变化
无
1. die of illness(死于疾病)2. die of hunger(死于饥饿)
Many people died of cold and hunger during the war.(战争期间,很多人死于寒冷和饥饿。)
78
suffer from 遭受;患……病
无词形变化
无
1. suffer from poverty(遭受贫困)2. suffer from depression(患抑郁症)
He has been suffering from back pain for many years.(他背痛已经很多年了。)
79
in the days that followed 在随后几天里
无词形变化
无
1. in the days that followed, we…(在随后几天里,我们……)
In the days that followed, we visited many famous places in the city.(在随后几天里,我们参观了这座城市的很多著名景点。)
80
as the weeks went by 几周过去了
无词形变化
无
1. as the weeks went by, she…(几周过去了,她……)
As the weeks went by, her English improved a lot with hard work.(几周过去了,通过努力,她的英语进步了很多。)
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