专题05 短文（语法）填空-2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练

2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练 专题05短文（语法）填空 （1） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Do you know László Bíró? Maybe you do not, but you probably use his invention every day. You may even have it in your hand right now! Bíró was the 1 (invent) of the ballpoint pen. He was born in Budapest, Hungary. In the 1930s, when he worked 2 a newspaper editor, he used a fountain pen almost every day. However, he 3 (have) to refill it very often. The ink also did not dry 4 (easy), so it sometimes made a mess on the paper. Bíró wanted 5 better pen. His brother, George, helped 6 (he) develop a special ink which dried easily. Then they developed a new kind 7 pen. There was a tiny ball at the tip of the pen. The ball rolled ink onto paper as it moved. They called it the “ballpoint pen”. The ballpoint pen was very 8 (success) and everyone loved it. Now 9 (million) of people all over the world use it every day. People will always remember Bíró for his invention. Today in many English-speaking 10 (country), people still use the word “biro” to refer to any kind of ballpoint pen! （2） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 So far, people have used different forms of money as a way to trade or save. In general, people think the 1 (one) form of money was seashells. 2 the beginning, shells were used thousands of years ago in some East Asian countries like China 3 some countries in Africa. Shells were considered a good 4 (choose) because they were easy to carry. Then, people 5 (develop) skills for making metal things. The 6 (early) metal coins were gold coins. Over time, the paper money appeared in China during 7 Song dynasty. Now we call it jiaozi. Centuries later, banks in Europe decided 8 (give) out paper money. Paper money became common in almost all currencies (货币), and it is still 9 (wide) used. These days, people are used to paying for things electronically. Nowadays many 10 (country) are developing digital currencies. Money is used in a new form. （3） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Wu Zeyin, 12, comes from Hubei, China. He 1 (move) to Botswana with his family eight years ago. “I can see only a few kinds of fruit and vegetables at supermarkets here. They don’t look good, but their prices are high,” Wu said. Because of the desert climate (气候) in Botswana, it is 2 (real) difficult for farmers there to grow fruit and vegetables. Botswana has to buy lots of fruit and vegetables from other 3 (country), such as South Africa. Botswana has been working with China 4 (solve) this problem. In July 2024, Botswana started 5 program to grow China’s water-saving rice. Knowing it, Wu wanted 6 (help) with local agriculture (农业) in his way. “I dreamed of creating an app to help local farmers,” Wu said. Wu has a good brain and he 7 (make) his dream come true by developing a new app called Farm Assistant. The app can teach farmers how to grow vegetables, such 8 potatoes, onions, carrots and cabbages. Farmers who use the app can click (点击) on a picture of a vegetable to see 9 (it) seed (种子) price, watering needs, selling price, etc. After the farmers plant the seeds, the app can remind them 10 they need to do at different times. Wu hopes his app can make the farmers’ work a lot easier than before. What a useful app and what a smart boy! （4） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Today, many 1 (invent) can be better known. Let’s have a look at some of them. TV Bike A scientist connects the TV to a bike so that the TV can get the power by riding the bike. If the children want to watch TV for 2 longer time, they have to ride very hard instead 3 sitting on the sofa. Floating Bike Can you imagine a bicycle crossing rivers? If you want 4 (cross) a river, first, inflate (充气) a huge plastic ball all around the bike. Then you can enter the ball 5 ride the bike inside the ball to move forward. Fire Recharger A fire recharger can produce 6 (electric) from the heat of fire. This means if you 7 (real) have trouble finding a place to charge (充电) your mobile phone in the wild, you can use a small fire to do that. Dig Goggles Underwater cameras are often so expensive. But a pair of cheap Dig Goggles 8 (help) you do that since 2 years ago. They are special glasses for taking 9 (photo) when you swim. Open and close your eyes twice and then you will be 10 (success) in taking photos easily underwater. （5） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Compass (指南针) It was a great gift to the world from ancient China. 1 people invented the compass, sailors had to depend on the stars to find direction. But after people invented it, the seas were open to travel. Also, people used the compass to discover many new 2 (place). Gunpowder (火药) It was a great 3 (invent) in ancient China. The correct way of making gunpowder was probably discovered in the 4 (nine) century. At first, it was used for making fireworks. 5 the end of the Tang Dynasty, people began to use it in wars. Paper-making During the Western Han Dynasty, paper was made in some places in China. Cai Lun developed it in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He 6 (make) writing much easier than before with the help of paper. Before it was invented, the ancient Chinese used animal bones (骨头) and stones 7 (write) characters (文字). They also wrote 8 (they) on bamboo and wooden sticks. Printing (印刷术) In the Song Dynasty, Bi Sheng carved (雕刻) characters on pieces of clay (陶土) and wood. Then he put ink on them. After the characters were printed on paper, the pieces of clay or wood could be used again. It was 9 good way at that time. This technology spread 10 (quick) to Korea, Japan and Europe. （6） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 In ancient times, people developed different counting methods. One of the 1 (early) was called “tally sticks”. Each “stick” (or pebble 2, or other counting tool) stands for a thing we want to count, such as an animal or a bag of rice. For each animal we want to count we draw one stick. This 2 (call) a “one-to-one correspondence”. Tally sticks are easy to understand, 3 it can take a long time to write down large numbers. To write 1,000, you have to draw a thousand tally sticks! Later, people created faster ways of writing numbers. One such system developed in ancient India. Instead of using tally sticks, people began using different abstract symbols 4 (represent) different numbers. Researchers do not know exactly how this happened, but some believe that the sticks 5 (slow) turned into symbols over the centuries. These Indian numerals became popular, and people in the Arab world started using them too. Thanks to the Arabs, this way of writing numbers spread to Europe and across the world. Nowadays, they are known 6 Arabic numerals. The ancient Romans wrote numbers in 7 different way. They used letters from 8 (they) alphabet. For example, the number 12 is “XII” (10+1+1). The Roman numerals used to be the most common way of writing 9 (number) in Europe. Today we still see them in many places, for example, on clock faces, on buildings or in books. But Roman numerals are not as 10 (common) as Arabic numerals, maybe because they are too difficult to use. （7） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Now, people take trips by watching videos on Douyin, Bilibili and others. This is called “cloud tourism (云旅游)”. Zha Liguo, a 44-year-old man, is 1 guide. During the May Day holiday, Zha 2 (take) a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises there. A lot of people joined him by watching his videos on their phones. It was not Zha’s 3 (one) trip to Mount Huangshan. Last year, he stayed there 4 over 280 days. He showed the beautiful scenery and other interesting things in the villages near the mountain on Douyin. A lot of people are interested in Zha’s videos, 5 Zha has lots of followers on Douyin. “Many people get 6 (bore) with staying at home but they have no time to go out. I enjoy 7 (I) when I enjoy the fantastic scenery, so I want other people to enjoy it.” Zha said. Usually, people need to spend much time 8 (go) out for an enjoyable trip. But they often finish their trip quickly. So they can’t really have a good time. The “cloud tourism” helps them a lot. Some people dislike taking a long trip. They think it’s tiring for them 9 (decide) how to go, where to live or what to eat. What’s more, it also makes a 10 (different) to a place’s business (生意). People like to buy things because of the videos. （8） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The internet plays 1 important role in our life. It makes our life faster and 2 (easy). We can send or receive messages 73 a high speed. We can buy all kinds of things online through mobile 4 (pay). The internet 5 (bring) more changes to our daily life in the future. 6 , every coin has two sides. Experts have warned the general public not 7 (depend) on the internet too much. For example, some students don’t use their head and they only search for the 8 (reply) online. Some students spend too much time playing electronic games. They are not 9 (interest) in their lessons. We must do something to make students use the internet 10 (proper). （9） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Now, people take trips by watching live streaming (直播) on Douyin, Bilibili and others. This is called “cloud tourism (云旅游)”. Zha Liguo, a 44-year-old man, is a(n) 1 (guide). During the May Day holiday, Zha took a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises there. A lot of people 2 (join) him by watching his live streaming on their phones. It was not Zha’s 3 (one) trip to Mount Huangshan. Last year, he stayed there for over 280 days. He showed the beautiful scenery and other interesting things in the villages near the mountain on Douyin. A lot of people are interested in Zha’s live streaming, 4 Zha has lots of followers on Douyin. “Many people get 5 (bore) with staying at home but they have no time to go out. I enjoy 6 (I) every time I enjoy the beautiful scenery, so I want other people to enjoy it,” Zha said. Usually, people need to spend much time 7 (go) out for a(n) enjoyable trip. But they often finish their trip quickly. So they can’t really have a good time. The “cloud tourism” really helps them a lot. Also, the “cloud tourism” is very convenient (方便的). Some people 8 (like) taking a long trip. They think it’s tiring for them 9 (decide) how to go, where to live or what to eat. What’s more, the “cloud tourism” also makes a(n) 10 (different) to a place’s business (生意). People like to buy things while watching live streaming. （10） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 There was a Chinese mathematician, astronomer, and mechanic called Zu Chongzhi. Now, he is mainly famous as the 1 (one) person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. And his result remained the most accurate and 2 (early) value in the world for more than 900 years. He also worked out the close value of pi to be 355/113, which he called “the close ratio (比率)”. This ratio was so hard to get 3 a Japanese mathematician named it “Zu’s ratio”. He was born into a well-educated family. As 4 excellent engineer, his grandfather taught him science. From an early age, he showed great 5 (intelligent) and curiosity. Zu also showed special interests 6 mathematics and astronomy. It is not clear how Zu Chongzhi became interested in 7 (find) the value of pi, yet people have told stories about him. For a long time in the past, people 8 (believe) that the circumference (周长) of a circle was three times its diameter. Zu Chongzhi was not sure about this result and he wanted to prove it by 9 (he). After years of hard work, he 10 (final) worked out the value of pi. 参考答案 （1） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了圆珠笔的发明者László Bíró及其发明过程。 1．句意：Bíró是圆珠笔的发明者。“Bíró”指人，所以此处指发明者，inventor符合。故填inventor。 2．句意：20世纪30年代，他担任报纸编辑时，几乎每天都用钢笔。work as表示“担任……职务”，是固定搭配。故填as。 3．句意：然而，他不得不经常给钢笔加墨水。此处表示过去的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，用had。故填had。 4．句意：墨水也不容易干，所以有时会把纸弄得一团糟。此处需用副词修饰动词“dry”，easy的副词形式为“easily”。故填easily。 5．句意：Bíró想要一支更好的笔。此处表示泛指的一支更好的笔，“better”以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 6．句意：他的哥哥乔治帮他研发了一种易干的特殊墨水。help为动词，后接宾语需用宾格“him”。故填him。 7．句意：然后他们研发了一种新型的笔。a kind of“一种”，是固定搭配。故填of。 8．句意：圆珠笔非常成功，人人都喜欢它。此处需用形容词作表语，success的形容词为“successful”。故填successful。 9．句意：如今，全世界数百万人每天都在使用它。millions of是固定搭配，表示“数百万的”。故填millions。 10．句意：如今在许多说英语国家，人们仍然用“biro”这个词指代任何一种圆珠笔！many后接可数名词的复数形式countries。故填countries。 （2） 【导语】本文主要介绍了货币的发展历史，从贝壳、金属硬币到纸币，再到如今的电子支付和数字货币的兴起，展示了货币形式的演变过程。 1．句意：一般来说，人们认为第一种形式的钱是贝壳。根据“the…form of money was seashells.”可知，此处表示“第几”，用序数词。one是基数词，其序数词是first，表示“第一”。故填first。 2．句意：起初，数千年前，贝壳在中国等一些东亚国家以及一些非洲国家被使用。in the beginning意为“最初，起初”，因此用介词in，位于句首首字母大写。故填In。 3．句意：起初，数千年前，贝壳在中国等一些东亚国家以及一些非洲国家被使用。根据“East Asian countries like China…some countries in Africa.”可知，此处是并列结构，因此用并列连词and。故填and。 4．句意：贝壳被认为是一种好的选择，因为它们容易携带。根据不定冠词a可知，此处需填入名词单数，choose“选择”，动词，其名词形式为choice。故填choice。 15．句意：然后，人们发展了制造金属制品的技能。根据“people…skills”可知，此处需填入动词，时态为一般过去时，develop的过去式为developed。故填developed。 6．句意：最早的金属硬币是金币。根据“The…metal coins were gold coins.”可知，此处表示的是“最早的金属硬币”，需用形容词early的最高级earliest。故填earliest。 7．句意：随着时间推移，纸币在中国宋代出现了。根据“Song dynasty”可知，特指宋代，表示专有名词时前面需要定冠词the。故填the。 8．句意：几个世纪后，欧洲的银行决定发行纸币。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，因此用动词give的不定式结构to give。故填to give。 9．句意：纸币在几乎所有货币中变得常见，并且至今仍被广泛使用。根据“it is still…used.”可知，此处修饰动词used，需用副词，形容词wide的副词形式为widely。故填widely。 10．句意：如今，许多国家都在开发数字货币。根据“many…are developing”可知，此处用可数名词的复数形式，country的复数形式为countries。故填countries。 （3） 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述中国少年吴泽胤在博茨瓦纳开发农业辅助APP的故事，展现中非合作背景下个体对当地农业问题的积极解决，传递创新与互助精神。 1．句意：他于八年前随家人搬到了博茨瓦纳。空格处需填谓语动词，根据“eight years ago”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，动词move的过去式为moved。故填moved。 2．句意：由于博茨瓦纳的沙漠气候，当地农民种植水果和蔬菜实在非常困难。分析句子结构可知，此处应用real的副词形式really“非常”，在句中作状语，修饰形容词“difficult”。故填really。 3．句意：博茨瓦纳不得不从南非等其他国家购买大量水果和蔬菜。空格前other“其他的”后接可数名词复数，因此这里应用country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 4．句意：博茨瓦纳一直与中国合作，以解决这一问题。根据“work with China”可知，与中国合作的目的是解决问题，动词不定式“to solve”可表目的，符合“合作以解决问题”的逻辑。故填to solve。 5．句意：2024年7月，博茨瓦纳启动了一个种植中国节水水稻的项目。program“项目”是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个项目”，且“program”是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 6．句意：得知此事后，吴泽胤想用自己的方式为当地农业提供帮助。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式to help。故填to help。 7．句意：吴泽胤头脑聪明，他通过开发一款名为“农业助手”的新APP，实现了自己的梦想。根据上下文可知，开发应用程序并实现梦想是过去发生的动作，但这个动作对现在产生了影响和结果 (他现在拥有了一个可用的应用程序)，因此应使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has +过去分词；主语为“he”，助动词应用has，动词make的过去分词为made。故填has made。 8．句意：这款APP可以教农民如何种植蔬菜，例如土豆、洋葱、胡萝卜和卷心菜。such as“例如”，固定短语，用于列举具体事物 (土豆、洋葱等蔬菜)。故填as。 9．句意：使用这款APP的农民可以点击一种蔬菜的图片，查看它的种子价格、需水量、售价等信息。分析句子结构可知，此处应用it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”，在句中作定语，修饰“seed price”。故填its。 10．句意：农民播种后，这款 APP 可以在不同时间提醒他们需要做什么。分析句子结构，“they need to do”是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作“do”的宾语，表示“……的事情”，应使用关系代词what。故填what。 （4） 【导语】本文主要介绍了四项发明。 1．句意：如今，许多发明可以更好地为人所知。根据“Today, many…can be better known.”及后文可知，介绍的是发明，空前为many，修饰可数名词复数，空处应用复数名词inventions“发明”。故填inventions。 2．句意：如果孩子们想要看更长时间的电视，他们就得非常努力地骑车，而不是坐在沙发上。根据“If the children want to watch TV for…longer time”可知，for a longer time表示“持续一段更长的时间”。故填a。 3．句意：如果孩子们想要看更长时间的电视，他们就得非常努力地骑车，而不是坐在沙发上。instead of表示“而不是”，是固定搭配。故填of。 4．句意：如果你想过河，首先，在自行车周围充气一个巨大的塑料球。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，此处应用to cross。故填to cross。 5．句意：然后你可以进入球内，在球内骑自行车向前移动。根据“Then you can enter the ball...ride the bike inside the ball to move forward.”可知，前后两个动作是顺承关系，此处应用并列连词and。故填and。 6．句意：一个火力充电器能够利用火的热量来发电。空前为动词produce，空处应用名词electricity“电”，作宾语。故填electricity。 7．句意：这意味着，如果你真的很难在野外找到一个地方给你的手机充电，你可以用一个小火来做到这一点。此处应用副词修饰动词have，应用really“真正地”。故填really。 38．句意：但是两年前，一副便宜的潜水护目镜就能帮你做到这一点。根据“since 2 years ago”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”；主语是“a pair of cheap Dig Goggles”，助动词应用has，help的过去分词为helped。故填has helped。 9．句意：它们是游泳时用于拍照的特殊眼镜。take photos表示“拍照”，此处应用复数名词photos，表示泛指。故填photos。 10．句意：眨两次眼睛，然后你就能轻松地在水下成功拍照了。be successful in doing sth.表示“成功做某事”，此处需要用形容词作表语。故填successful。 （5） 【导语】本文介绍中国古代四大发明 (指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术) 及其影响。 1．句意：在人们发明指南针之前，水手们不得不依靠星星来辨别方向。根据后文“But after people invented it...”，这里形成对比，说在人们发明指南针之前，水手们得依靠星星找方向，所以填Before“在……之前”。故填Before。 2．句意：而且，人们使用指南针发现了许多新地方。“many”后接可数名词复数，“place”的复数形式是“places”，表示人们用指南针发现了许多新地方。故填places。 3．句意：它是中国古代的一项伟大发明。“a great”后接可数名词单数，“invent”的名词形式是invention“发明物”，说明火药是中国古代一项伟大的发明。故填invention。 4．句意：正确制造火药的方法可能是在9世纪被发现的。此处表示“在……世纪”要用序数词，“nine”的序数词是“ninth”，即正确制作火药的方法可能在9世纪被发现。故填ninth。 5．句意：在唐朝末年，人们开始在战争中使用它。“at the end of...”是固定短语，意为“在……末尾；在……结束时”，这里指在唐朝末年，人们开始在战争中使用火药。故填At。 6．句意：在纸的帮助下，他使书写比以前容易得多。文章讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，“make”的过去式是“made”，说明蔡伦在纸的帮助下，使书写比以前容易多了。故填made。 7．句意：在纸被发明之前，古代中国人用动物骨头和石头来书写文字。此处表示古代中国人用动物骨头和石头来书写文字，“use sth to do sth”是固定用法，意为“用某物做某事”。故填to write。 8．句意：他们也把文字写在竹子和木棍上。“wrote”是动词，后接人称代词宾格，“they”的宾格是“them”，指代前面的“characters”。故填them。 9．句意：在当时，这是一种好方法。“way”是可数名词单数，且“good”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词“a”，表示在当时这是一种好方法。故填a。 10．句意：这项技术迅速传播到朝鲜、日本和欧洲。“spread”是动词，要用副词修饰，“quick”的副词形式是“quickly”，说明这项技术快速传播到朝鲜、日本和欧洲。故填quickly。 （6） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了古代不同计数方法的发展历程，包括“计数棒”、印度数字系统、阿拉伯数字和罗马数字的演变。 1．句意：最早的一种被称为“计数棒”。根据“one of the”可知，此处需用最高级，early的最高级是earliest。故填earliest。 2．句意：这被称为“一一对应”。主语“This”与动词“call”之间是被动关系，且全文为一般现在时。故填is called。 3．句意：计数棒容易理解，但记录大数字可能耗时很久。前后句为转折关系。故填but。 4．句意：人们开始用抽象符号来代表不同数字，而不再使用计数棒。不定式表目的。故填to represent。 5．句意：研究人员并不确切知道这个过程是如何发生的，但有些人认为，在数世纪的过程中，这些木棍逐渐演变成了符号。修饰动词需用副词形式。故填slowly。 6．句意：如今它们被称为阿拉伯数字。“be known as”是固定搭配，意为“被称为”。故填as。 7．句意：古罗马人用另一种方式书写数字。“different way”为单数可数名词，且different是以辅音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 8．句意：他们使用自己字母表中的字母。alphabet为名词，前面需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 9．句意：罗马数字曾是欧洲最常见的数字书写方式。泛指“数字”需用复数。故填numbers。 10．句意：但罗马数字不如阿拉伯数字常用，可能是因为它们使用起来太困难了。are后接形容词作表语，as…as结构中用形容词原级。故填common。 （7） 【导语】本文主要介绍了云旅游的兴起以及它对人们生活和地方商业的影响。 1．句意：Zha Liguo，一个44岁的男人，是一个导游。根据“guide”可知，此处表示泛指一个导游，且guide以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。 2．句意：在五一假期期间，Zha Liguo带领一群游客去黄山并在那里欣赏了日出。根据“During the May Day holiday”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，“take”的过去式为“took”。故填took。 3．句意：这不是Zha Liguo第一次去黄山。根据“It was not Zha’s...trip to Mount Huangshan.”可知，此处表示第一次去黄山，因此用序数词“first”表示“第一次”。故填first。 4．句意：去年，他在那里待了超过280天。根据“stayed there...over 280 days”可知，此处表示待了超过280天，“for+时间段”表示“持续了多长时间”。故填for。 5．句意：很多人对Zha Liguo的视频感兴趣，所以Zha Liguo在抖音上有很多粉丝。根据“A lot of people are interested in Zha’s videos...Zha has lots of followers on Douyin.”可知，前后两句之间是因果关系，前因后果，因此用“so”表示“所以”。故填so。 6．句意：很多人对待在家里感到厌烦，但是他们没有时间出去。根据“Many people get...with staying at home”可知，此处表示对某事感到厌烦，“get bored with”表示“对……感到厌烦”。故填bored。 7．句意：当我欣赏美丽的风景时，我很享受，所以我想让其他人也享受。根据“I enjoy...when I enjoy the fantastic scenery”可知，此处表示享受自己，“enjoy oneself”表示“玩得开心，享受自己”，因此用反身代词“myself”。故填myself。 8．句意：通常，人们需要花很多时间出去进行一次愉快的旅行。根据“spend much time...out for an enjoyable trip”可知，此处表示花费时间做某事，“spend+时间+doing sth.”表示“花费时间做某事”，因此用“going”。故填going。 9．句意：他们认为对他们来说决定怎么去、住在哪里或吃什么是很累人的。根据“it’s tiring for them...how to go, where to live or what to eat”可知，此处表示对某人来说做某事是累人的，“it’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，因此用“to decide”。故填to decide。 10．句意：更重要的是，它也对一个地方的商业有影响。根据“it also makes a...to a place’s business”可知，此处表示对某事有影响，“make a difference to”表示“对……有影响”。故填difference。 （8） 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了互联网对生活的影响及存在的问题。 1．句意：互联网在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。“play an important role in...”为固定短语，意为“在……中扮演重要角色”；“important”以元音音素开头，故填an。 2．句意：它使我们的生活更快捷、更轻松。“and”连接并列的比较级结构，与“faster”对应，“easy”的比较级为“easier”，故填easier。 3．句意：我们可以高速发送或接收信息。“at a high speed”是固定短语，意为“以高速”，故填at。 4．句意：我们可以通过移动支付在网上购买各种各样的东西。“mobile payment”表示“移动支付”，此处需用名词形式，“pay”的名词为“payment”，故填payment。 5．句意：未来互联网将给我们的日常生活带来更多变化。根据“in the future（在未来）”可知，句子用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故填will bring。 6．句意：然而，任何事物都有两面性。前文阐述互联网的优势，此处转折说明其问题，“however”意为“然而”，用于句首表转折，首字母大写，故填However。 7．句意：专家警告公众不要过于依赖互联网。“warn sb. not to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，故填to depend。 8．句意：例如，一些学生不动脑子，他们只在网上搜索答案。“reply”是可数名词，此处表泛指“答案”，用复数形式“replies”，故填replies。 9．句意：他们对功课不感兴趣。“be interested in...”为固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。 10．句意：我们必须采取措施让学生正确使用互联网。此处修饰动词“use”，需用副词；“proper”的副词形式为“properly”，故填properly。 （9） 【导语】本文主要讲述了当下流行的“云旅游”现象，以 44 岁的查立国为例，介绍了他在抖音进行直播旅游的情况，以及“云旅游”的优势和对地方生意的影响。 1．句意：44岁的查立国是一名导游。根据下一句“During the May Day holiday, Zha took a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises there.”以及所给单词可知，此处表示是一名导游。guide“导游”，根据前面的“is a(n)”可知，用单数。故填guide。 2．句意：很多人通过在手机上看他的直播加入了他。根据“Zha took a group of visitors to Mount Huangshan and enjoyed sunrises there.”可知，时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，谓语动词用过去式joined。故填joined。 3．句意：这不是查立国第一次去黄山。根据后文“It was not Zha’s...trip to Mount Huangshan.”以及所给单词可知，应填one的序数词first“第一”，作定语，修饰后面的名词trip，表示这不是查立国第一次去黄山。故填first。 4．句意：很多人对查立国的直播感兴趣，因此查立国在抖音上有很多粉丝。根据“A lot of people are interested in Zha’s live streaming”和“Zha has lots of followers on Douyin.”可知，两者之间是因果关系，前因后果，所以用so“因此”连接。故填so。 5．句意：很多人待在家里感到厌倦，但他们没有时间出去。根据“Many people get...with staying at home”以及所给单词可知，应填bore的形容词形式bored“感到厌倦的”，作表语，表示很多人待在家里感到厌倦。get bored with“对……感到厌倦”。故填bored。 6．句意：每次欣赏美景时我都玩得开心，所以我想让其他人也欣赏。根据“I enjoy...”以及所给单词可知，应填I的反身代词形式myself“我自己”，表示玩得开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心、过得愉快”。故填myself。 7．句意：通常，人们需要花很多时间出去进行一次愉快的旅行。spend...doing sth“花费……做某事”。故填going。 8．句意：有些人不喜欢长途旅行。根据下一句“They think it’s tiring for them...how to go, where to live or what to eat.”以及所给单词可知，此处表示有些人不喜欢长途旅行。dislike“不喜欢”，时态为一般现在时，陈述事实，主语Some people表示复数，谓语动词用原形。故填dislike。 9．句意：他们认为决定怎么去、住在哪里或吃什么对他们来说很累。根据“They think it’s tiring for them...how to go, where to live or what to eat.”以及所给单词可知，应填decide的动词不定式形式to decide，作主语，前面的“it”是形式主语。句型“it’s+形容词+for sb to do sth”表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”。故填to decide。 10．句意：更重要的是，“云旅游”也对一个地方的生意有影响。make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故填difference。 （10） 【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国数学家、天文学家和机械师祖冲之。 1．句意：现在，他主要因第一个发现圆周率（π）在3.1415926到3.1415927之间而闻名。根据“person to find out that pi (π) falls between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知，此处指第一个发现圆周率在3.1415926到3.1415927之间的人，表示顺序用序数词“first”，意为“第一”。故填first。 2．句意：他的结果在900多年里一直是世界上最准确、最早的值。根据“the most accurate and”可知，此处用形容词最高级，与“the most accurate”并列，且“and”表并列，前后形式一致，所以用“early”的最高级“earliest”，意为“最早的”。故填earliest。 3．句意：这个比率很难得到，以至于一个日本数学家称它为“祖氏比率”。根据“This ratio was so hard to get”可知，此处为so...that...引导的结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 4．句意：作为一名优秀的工程师，他的祖父教他科学。根据“As...excellent engineer”可知，此处泛指一名优秀的工程师，“excellent”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”修饰。故填an。 5．句意：从很小的时候起，他就表现出了极大的智慧和好奇心。根据“great”可知，此处用名词形式，“intelligent”的名词形式是“intelligence”，意为“智慧”，不可数名词。故填intelligence。 6．句意：祖冲之也对数学和天文学表现出特殊的兴趣。show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”。故填in。 7．句意：目前尚不清楚祖冲之是如何对找出圆周率的值感兴趣的，但人们讲述过关于他的故事。、become interested in doing sth.意为“对做某事感兴趣”，固定词组。故填finding。 8．句意：在过去的很长时间里，人们都认为圆的周长是其直径的三倍。根据“For a long time in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“believe”的过去式是“believed”。故填believed。 9．句意：祖冲之对这个结果不确定，他想自己证明。by oneself意为“独自”，主语是“he”，所以用反身代词himself。故填himself。 10．句意：经过多年的努力，他终于算出了圆周率的值。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式是finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $