专题03 语篇填词-2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练

2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练 专题03 语篇填词 （1） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) The Australian government is making a law to stop children from using social media. The law would bring in the youngest age to use social media by the e 1 of this year. The youngest age to use social media might be between 14 and 16. However, it d 2 on further discussion. The Australian Prime Minister is leading the effort to pass this law. He thinks social media has a harmful impact on young people and it’s necessary to c 3 its use. Although the idea can be h 4 in improving the eyesight and health of children, many people are not sure. They want to know if the children may follow the law and worry that it might lead t 5 younger kids using the Internet secretly unless their parents pay much attention. （2） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) Computers are useful machines. They are p 1 all over the world. A computer consists (包含) of a monitor, two speakers, a main unit, a k 2 and a mouse. Now, computers are becoming smaller and better. Also, they are not as e 3 as before. Most people can afford (负担得起) to buy them. People can use computers to type and calculate. What’s more, computers can o 4 railways and fly planes. Human beings d 5 on computers to do many other things as well. In the future, computers may be able to do a better job than human beings. （3） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) Robots are becoming a big part of our lives. They seem very popular to most people. They have a long history. The first one was made by a Greek i 1 . You may have seen robots in some films. They are stronger, faster and c 2 than people in real life. Thousands of robots are used in factories. These robots are not like the robots in movies. They don’t walk or talk. I 3 , a robot may be just a metal arm. The robot arm can do a certain job in a factory over and over again. It can do jobs that people may not want to do. Robots are also used to do many d 4 jobs. In Canada, the policemen are using a robot on wheels. This robot moves around to carry bombs (炸弹) and takes them away. Robots are used in hospitals too. At one hospital, a robot takes meals from the kitchen to the sick people’s rooms, and it never loses its way because it has a m 5 of the hospital in its computer system. But robots will never take the place of human beings, though they can help us in a lot of different ways. （4） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) The Yongle Encyclopedia The Yongle Encyclopedia is a famous ancient Chinese encyclopedia. In the Ming Dynasty, the emperor wanted to c 1 a huge book to record all knowledge of that time. Scholars o 2 thousands of old books and materials, then put them in o 3 by topic. They worked carefully to edit the content, making sure each part was accurate. The encyclopedia has over 11,000 v 4 , each filled with information about history, literature, science, and art. It not only r 5 ancient wisdom but also showed how people organized knowledge long ago. Though many books were lost, it remains an important record of Chinese culture. Even today, people study it to learn about the past! （5） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) We human beings are clever enough to i 1 new things to make our lives better. We have made thousands of great inventions s 2 100 years ago. For example, the computer helps us work, study, do research and so on. With the Internet, we can get information and communicate with friends and families a 3 and anywhere. And in recent years, we use m 4 phones to make calls, take photos, watch videos, play games and even surf the Internet. Every invention helps make our lives more convenient and c 5 . （6） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) Nie Er: A Great Chinese Composer Nie Er was a famous Chinese composer. His o 1 name was Nie Shouxin. He was born on February 14, 1912, in Kunming, Yunnan. During his short life, he saw much s 2 in China during the war, which made him want to help people through music. Nie Er created many popular songs, and his most famous work is The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s n 3 anthem. Sadly, he died at the young age of 23 in 1935, but his music has had a great i 4 on Chinese people. Today, people still a 5 Nie Er for his talent and love for the country. His songs not only showed his care for people’s lives but also encouraged many to fight for a better future. Though he lived a short life, his music remains alive in everyone’s heart. （7） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) The word “encyclopaedia” comes from Greek. It m 1 “general education”. An encyclopaedia is a k 2 of reference book (参考书) and there is the information from either all branches of knowledge or a special branch of knowledge. People b 3 to use it about 2,000 years ago. The oldest one is natural historian. It was written by Pliny the Elder. The modern encyclopaedias developed from dictionaries around the 17th century. Some encyclopaedias are made up of only one volume (册), but o 4 may have lots of volumes. There are also some online encyclopaedias, such as Wikipedia. They are often free for people l 5 for information. （8） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) Have you ever known anything about planes? Planes were once m 1 of wood and other materials (材料). However, many things have changed since planes were improved for military use, which really began in 1914. Planes improved in structure (结构) b 2 they had to be able to carry heavy things. And engineers made this c 3 true. Any progress needs the support of knowledge. With the development of aerodynamics (空气动力学), some engineers came up with new ways to cut through the air smoothly. It was possible for planes to be bigger and fly faster, farther and h 4 . As planes flew higher, pilots and passengers would have more difficulty in breathing in the thin a 5 . The pressurized cabins (加压舱) were invented in order to s 6 this problem. It made breath easier in 30,000-foot high sky. Besides, improved radio equipment (设备) allowed pilots to receive flight directions from the ground. There were many improvements in plane in the 1930s. All of them went into building the Douglas DC-3. This twin-engine (双发动机) transport plane made its first passenger flight in 1936. It could pick up 21 p 7 and could fly smoothly. It soon became the m 8 transport plane of the world’s major air companies. In 1958, Pan American World Airways began the first jet (喷气) service b 9 New York City and Paris using the American Boeing 707 jet. This popular plane made it possible for people other than the army to travel by plane. Planes have improved many times over the years. But people’s needs are a 10 changing. Engineers are working to make even bigger and better planes for the future. It will offer greater comfort to passengers and reduce (减少) air pollution. （9） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) 6G technology is in its early stage, but it will bring a new e 1 of super-fast communication. Its b 2 function is not just to make calls or send messages, but to connect everything around us more s 3 . The major e 4 of 6G will be felt in many areas. In smart cities, traffic lights will work better with 6G, reducing jams. In hospitals, doctors may use it to help patients far away. Scientists have made some b 5 in testing. They say new software for 6G will let us d 6 a whole movie in just a second.​ This p 7 change will make our life easier. Students can have clearer online classes, and families can enjoy better video chats. We all look forward to the day when 6G comes into our daily life. （10） 请根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格处所缺的单词，使文章通顺合理并符合语法要求。(每空只写一词) Numbers are really important and used e 1 in our daily life. When designing buildings, architects (建筑师) use numbers. They e 2 calculate lengths, widths and heights. They also use numbers to know how many bricks, cement and other building m 3 are needed. For developing new medicine, scientists use numbers too. They measure the right a 4 of each chemical. When doing experiments, they write down numbers like time and reaction data. And for our personal money, making a monthly b 5 needs numbers. We write down our income, like how much money we get from work. Then we count our expenses (花销), such as food costs and rent. So, numbers are very n 6 in many parts of our daily life. They are important and used a lot. 参考答案 （1） 【导语】本文讲述了澳大利亚政府正在制定一项法律，禁止儿童使用社交媒体，该法律将于今年年底出台，规定使用社交媒体的最低年龄，但具体年龄取决于进一步讨论，对于此项法律，不同人有不同看法。 1．句意：该法律将于今年年底出台使用社交媒体的最低年龄。根据“by the...of this year”可知，此处表示在今年年底，by the end of为固定短语，意为“在……结束时，到……为止”。故填(e)nd。 2．句意：然而，这取决于进一步的讨论。根据“However, it...on further discussion.”可知，此处指最低年龄的确定取决于进一步的讨论，depend on为固定短语，意为“取决于”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填(d)epends。 3．句意：他认为社交媒体对年轻人有不良影响，有必要控制其使用。根据“He thinks social media has a harmful impact on young people”可知，社交媒体对年轻人有有害影响，所以有必要控制其使用，control为动词，意为“控制”，it’s necessary to do sth.为固定句型，意为“有必要做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填(c)ontrol。 4．句意：虽然这个想法可能有助于改善儿童的视力和健康，但许多人并不确定。根据“Although the idea can be...in improving the eyesight and health of children”可知，此处指这个想法可能有助于改善儿童的视力和健康，be helpful in doing sth.为固定短语，意为“有助于做某事”。故填(h)elpful。 5．句意：他们想知道孩子们是否会遵守法律，并担心这可能会导致更小的孩子偷偷上网，除非他们的父母多加注意。根据“They want to know if the children may follow the law and worry that it might lead...younger kids using the Internet secretly”可知，此处指担心这可能会导致更小的孩子偷偷上网，lead to为固定短语，意为“导致”。故填(t)o。 （2） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了计算机的普及、组成部分、价格变化以及功能。 1．句意：它们在世界各地都很流行。根据“Computers are useful machines. They are...all over the world.”和首字母p可知，此处指计算机很流行，表示计算机在全球范围内的普及程度，形容词popular“流行的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(p)opular。 2．句意：一台计算机由一个显示器、两个扬声器、一台主机、一个键盘和一个鼠标组成。根据“A computer consists (包含) of a monitor, two speakers, a main unit...”和首字母k可知，此处介绍计算机的组成部分，名词keyboard“键盘”符合语境，a后接单数名词。故填(k)eyboard。 3．句意：而且，它们也不像以前那么贵了。根据下文“Most people can afford (负担得起) to buy them.”和首字母e可知，大多数人都买得起计算机，说明现在的计算机不像以前那样贵，形容词expensive“昂贵的”符合语境，在句中作表语。故填(e)xpensive。 4．句意：此外，计算机可以操作铁路和驾驶飞机。根据“What’s more, computers can...railways and fly planes.”和首字母o可知，此处介绍计算机的功能，应是操作铁路，动词operate“操作”符合语境；情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填(o)perate。 5．句意：人类也依靠计算机做许多其他的事情。根据“Human beings...on computers to do many other things as well.”和首字母d可知，此处指人类依赖计算机做事情，动词短语depend on“依赖”符合语境；此句陈述事实，用一般现在时，主语“Human beings”为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)epend。 （3） 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人在我们生活中的重要性和应用领域。 1． 句意：第一个机器人由一位希腊发明家制造的。根据“The first one was made by a Greek”和首字母i可知，此处表示“发明家”。a后面跟单数名词，故填(i)nventor。 2．句意：它们比现实生活中的人类更强壮、更快、更聪明。根据“They are stronger, faster... than people in real life.”和首字母c可知，此处表示机器人比现实中的人更强壮、更快、更聪明。此处应用形容词clever的比较级形式，故填(c)leverer。 3．句意：相反，机器人可能仅仅是一个金属手臂。根据“These robots are not like the robots in movies. They don’t walk or talk.”及“a robot may be just a metal arm”和首字母I可知，后面说的是相反的情况，应该使用副词instead，位于句首，应大写首字母，故填(I)nstead。 4．句意：它们还被用来做许多危险/困难的工作。根据“…the policemen are using a robot on wheels. This robot moves around to carry bombs and takes them away.”和首字母d可知，此处表示机器人还被用来做危险/困难的工作，故填(d)angerous/(d)ifficult。 5．句意：在一家医院，机器人从厨房把饭菜送到病人的房间，它从来不会迷路，因为它的计算机系统中有医院的地图。根据“it never loses its way”及首字母m可知，机器人不会迷路是因为它的电脑系统里面有医院地图，故填(m)ap。 （4） 【导语】本文主要介绍了《永乐大典》。 1．句意：在明朝，皇帝想要编撰一本巨著来记录当时所有的知识。根据“...a huge book to record all knowledge of that time.”可知，此处指“创作一本书”，create“创造”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(c)reate。 2．句意：学者们整理了成千上万的旧书和资料，然后按主题排序。根据“thousands of old books”可知，此处指整理书籍，organize“整理，筹备”，本句时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填(o)rganized。 3．句意：学者们整理了成千上万的旧书和资料，然后按主题排序。根据“then put them in o... by topic.”可知，本题考查in order“有序地，整齐地”。故填(o)rder。 4．句意：这部百科全书有超过11000卷，每一卷都充满了关于历史、文学、科学和艺术的信息。根据“The encyclopedia has over 11,000 v...”可知，此处指“书卷”，要用可数名词volume“卷，册”的复数形式。故填(v)olumes。 5．句意：它不仅记录了古代的智慧，也展示了很久以前人们是如何组织知识的。根据“It not only r... ancient wisdom”可知，本书记录了古人的智慧，本句时态为一般过去时，动词record“记录”要用过去式。故填(r)ecorded。 （5） 【导语】本文主要讲述了人类的一些发明让我们的生活更加便捷，更加舒适。 1．句意：我们人类足够聪明，能够发明新事物，使我们的生活变得更好。根据“new things to make our lives better”可知能够发明新事物，invent“发明”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(i)nvent。 2．句意：自100年前以来，我们创造了数千项伟大的发明。根据“We have made thousands of great inventions”可知在自从100年前以来，有很多发明，since“自从”。故填(s)ince。 3．句意：我们可以随时随地获取信息并与朋友和家人交流。根据“communicate with friends and families...and anywhere”可知是随时随地可以交流，anytime“任何时候”。故填(a)nytime。 4．句意：近年来，我们用手机打电话、拍照、看视频、玩游戏甚至上网。根据“phones to make calls”可知是用手机打电话，mobile phone“手机”。故填(m)obile。 5．句意：每一项发明都有助于使我们的生活更加方便和舒适。根据“Every invention helps make our lives more convenient and”可知发明让我们的生活更加方便和舒适，此处用形容词作宾语补足语，comfortable“舒适的”。故填(c)omfortable。 （6） 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名作曲家聂耳的生平、他的代表作《义勇军进行曲》以及他的音乐对中国人民产生的深远影响。 1．句意：他的原名是聂守信。根据“name was Nie Shouxin”以及首字母提示可知，聂耳原名聂守信，original“原来的”，形容词作定语修饰名词name。故填(o)riginal。 2．句意：在他短暂的一生中，他目睹了战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，这使他想通过音乐帮助人民。根据“During his short life, he saw much...in China during the war”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是战争中中国人民遭受的苦难，suffering“痛苦，苦难”，不可数名词。故填(s)uffering。 3．句意：聂耳创作了许多流行歌曲，他最著名的作品是《义勇军进行曲》，后来成为中国的国歌。根据“The March of the Volunteers, which later became China’s...anthem”以及首字母提示可知，《义勇军进行曲》是中国的国歌，national“国家的”，形容词作定语修饰名词anthem。故填(n)ational。 4．句意：不幸的是，他于1935年去世，年仅23岁，但他的音乐对中国人民产生了巨大的影响。根据“but his music has had a great...on Chinese people”以及首字母提示可知，此处考查短语have a great influence on“对……有巨大影响”。故填(i)nfluence。 5．句意：今天，人们仍然钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀。根据“people still...Nie Er for his talent and love for the country”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是人们钦佩聂耳的才华和爱国情怀，admire“钦佩”，动词；根据“still”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(a)dmire。 （7） 【导语】本文介绍了“百科全书”的出处、作者以及内容。 1．句意：它意味着“通识教育”。根据首字母提示及“ ‘general education’ ”可知，空处指“意味着”，其英文为mean，主语It为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三形式。故填(m)eans。 2．句意：百科全书是一种参考书，既有来自所有知识分支的信息，也有来自某一特殊知识分支的信息。a kind of表示“一种……”，为固定短语。故填(k)ind。 3．句意：大概2000年前人们开始用它。根据首字母提示及“to use it about...”可知，空处指“开始”，其英文为begin；再根据“about 2,000 years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式，即begin的过去式began。故填(b)egan。 4．句意：一些百科全书仅由一册组成，但其他的一些有很多册。Some...others...为固定搭配，表示“一些……，其他的……”，Others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个，其余的”。故填(o)thers。 5．句意：他们对寻求信息的人来说是免费的。根据首字母提示及“for people...for information”可知，空处指“寻找”，其英文为look for，本句中第一个for为介词，其后跟动名词。故填(l)ooking。 （8） 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了飞机的发展历程，从最初的材料、结构改进，到空气动力学的发展，再到现代喷气式飞机的出现，以及未来飞机的发展方向。 1．句意：飞机曾经是由木材和其他材料制成的。根据“Planes were once ... of wood and other materials (材料)”及首字母可知，这里表示飞机曾经是由木材和其他材料制成的。“be made of”是固定短语，表示“由……制成” 。这里是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为 “was/were+过去分词”。故填(m)ade。 2．句意：飞机在结构上得到改进，因为它们必须能够运载重物。根据“Planes improved in structure (结构) ... they had to be able to carry heavy things.”可知，前后句是因果关系，“because”引导原因状语从句，说明飞机结构改进的原因。故填(b)ecause。 3．句意：工程师们使这成为现实。根据“And engineers made this ... true.”及首字母可知，这里表示工程师们使这成为现实。“come true”是固定短语，表示“实现”，“make sth. come true”表示“使某事成为现实”。故填(c)ome。 4．句意：飞机有可能变得更大，飞得更快、更远、更高。根据“It was possible for planes to be bigger and fly faster, farther and ... ”及首字母可知，这里表示飞机有可能变得更大，飞得更快、更远、更高。根据前面的“faster, farther”可知这里要用副词比较级，“high”的比较级是“higher”，表示“更高”。故填 (h)igher。 5．句意：随着飞机飞得更高，飞行员和乘客在稀薄的空气中呼吸会更加困难。根据“As planes flew higher, pilots and passengers would have more difficulty in breathing in the thin ...”及首字母可知，这里表示飞行员和乘客在稀薄的空气中呼吸会更加困难。根据语境和常识，高空的“空气”是“air”，是不可数名词。故填(a)ir。 6．句意：为了解决这个问题，发明了加压舱。根据“The pressurized cabins (加压舱) were invented in order to ... this problem.”及首字母可知，这里表示为了解决这个问题。“in order to do sth.”是固定结构，表示“为了做某事”，“solve”表示“解决”。故填(s)olve。 7． 句意：它可以搭载21名乘客，并且飞行平稳。根据“It could pick up 21 ... and could fly smoothly.”及首字母可知，这里表示它可以搭载21名乘客。“passenger”是“乘客”的意思，可数名词，前面有“21”修饰，要用复数形式“passengers”。故填(p)assengers。 8．句意：它很快成为世界主要航空公司的主要运输飞机。根据“It soon became the ... transport plane ...”及首字母可知，这里表示它很快成为世界主要航空公司的主要运输飞机。“main”是形容词，修饰名词“transport plane”，表示“主要的”。故填(m)ain。 9． 句意：1958年，泛美世界航空公司使用美国波音707喷气式飞机，开通了纽约市和巴黎之间的首条喷气式航班服务。根据“In 1958, ... New York City and Paris using the American Boeing 707 jet.”可知，这里表示开通了纽约市和巴黎之间的首条喷气式航班服务。“between...and...”是固定搭配，表示 “在……和……之间”。故填(b)etween。 10． 句意：但人们的需求总是在变化。根据“But people’s needs are ... changing.”及首字母可知，这里表示人们的需求总是在变化。“always”是副词，修饰动词“changing”，表示“总是”。故填(a)lways。 （9） 【导语】本文主要介绍了6G技术，虽然6G技术尚处于初期阶段，但它将带来一个超高速通信的新时代。 1．句意：6G技术尚处于初期阶段，但它将带来一个超高速通信的新时代。根据“6G technology is in its early stage, but it will bring a new ... of super-fast communication.”和首字母“e”提示可知，6G技术将带来一个超高速通信的新时代；考查era“时代”，名词，空前“a”后跟名词单数。故填(e)ra。 2．句意：它的基本功能不仅仅是打电话或发信息，而是更顺畅地连接我们周围的一切。根据“Its ... function is not just to make calls or send messages”和首字母“b”提示可知，此处指打电话、发短信是6G作为通信技术最基础、最核心的功能；考查basic“基本的，基础的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“function”。故填(b)asic。 3．句意：它的基本功能不仅仅是打电话或发信息，而是更顺畅地连接我们周围的一切。根据“connect everything around us more ...”和首字母“s”提示可知，此处指更顺畅地连接周围的一切，smoothly“顺畅地”，副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“connect”。故填(s)moothly。 4．句意：6G的主要影响将在许多领域显现。根据“The major ... of...”可知，这里应填一个名词；再根据下文“In smart cities, traffic lights will work better with 6G, reducing jams. In hospitals, doctors may use it to help patients far away.”和首字母“e”提示可知，在智慧城市里，6G让交通灯更顺畅、减少拥堵，在医院里，6G帮医生远程协助患者，这两个场景都是6G在不同领域产生的具体影响；考查effect“影响”，名词；空后“in many areas”表示“在许多领域”，而6G在不同领域产生的影响是不同的，因此这里应用名词复数形式effects。故填(e)ffects。 5．句意：科学家在测试中取得了一些突破。根据“Scientists have made some ... in testing.”和首字母“b”提示可知，可知，此处是指科学家在测试中取得了一些突破；考查breakthrough“突破”，可数名词，some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，因此这里应用其复数形式breakthroughs。故填(b)reakthroughs。 6．句意：他们表示6G的新软件将让我们在短短一秒内下载一整部电影。根据“a whole movie”和首字母“d”提示可知，此处是指下载一整部电影；考查download“下载”，动词；let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形。故填(d)ownload。 7．句意：这一积极的变化将使我们的生活更加轻松。根据“make our life easier”和首字母“p”提示可知，此处是指使我们的生活更加轻松的积极变化；考查positive“积极的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“change”。故填(p)ositive。 （10） 【导语】本文主要讲述了数字在日常生活中的重要性及其在不同领域的应用。 1．句意：数字确实重要，在我们的日常生活中到处被使用。根据“used e... in our daily life.”可知，是指数字在日常生活中到处被使用，everywhere“到处”符合语境。故填(e)verywhere。 2．句意：他们精确计算长度、宽度和高度。根据“calculate lengths, widths and heights.”及首字母可知，是指精确地计算出长度、宽度和高度，用副词exactly“精确地”，修饰动词。故填(e)xactly。 3．句意：他们还会利用数字来了解所需的砖块、水泥和其他建筑材料数量。根据“bricks, cement”及首字母可知，是指其他建筑材料，other后跟名词复数materials“材料”。故填(m)aterials。 4．句意：他们测量每种化学物质的正确用量。根据“the right a... of each chemical”可知，是指每种化学物质的正确用量，right后跟名词amount“数量”。故填(a)mount。 5．句意：对于我们的个人资金，制定月度预算需要数字。根据“making a monthly b...”可知，是指制定月度预算，budget“预算”，a后跟名词单数。故填(b)udget。 6．句意：所以，数字在我们日常生活中的许多方面非常必要。根据“They are important and used a lot.”及首字母可知，是指数字是必要的，用形容词necessary“必要的”，作表语。故填(n)ecessary。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $