专题01 完形填空-2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练

2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册期中重难点专项训练 专题01 完形填空 （1） The Story Behind “Luan Qi Ba Zao” (乱七八糟)—A Chinese Idiom for Chaos In Chinese culture, the idiom “Luan Qi Ba Zao” is used to describe a situation that is completely messy or chaotic. Its meaning comes from two important historical 1 in ancient China. During the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC–9 AD), Emperor Jingdi wanted to make the princes less powerful. This made seven princes very 2 . In 154 BC, they joined together to 3 the emperor. Their rebellion caused years of war, destroyed many cities, and left people’s lives in chaos. Although the emperor 4 won, the damage was huge. People later called this event “Luan Qi” (Chaotic Seven). Later, in the Jin Dynasty (266–420 AD), eight princes started fighting each other for power. This “Eight Princes’ Rebellion” 5 from 291 to 306 AD．The war burned villages, killed thousands of people, and made society fall apart. The word “Ba Zao” (Eight Troubles) became a 6 of long-lasting chaos. As time passed, people combined these two stories to 7 “Luan Qi Ba Zao”. They used it to talk about any situation that was as messy as these ancient wars. Today, we still use this phrase in daily life. For example: “My desk is a luan qi ba zao after studying all night!” This idiom shows how history can 8 language. By learning about “Luan Qi Ba Zao”, we not only understand a phrase but also remember the lessons from the past: fighting and chaos always bring suffering. For our junior students, learning idioms like “Luan Qi Ba Zao” is like opening a door to China’s rich history. When we understand their origins, we can discover more about history, appreciate our culture better, and 9 our language skills. In this way, idioms are like 10 between the past and the present. They help us feel proud of our cultural heritage while making learning interesting! 1．A．matters B．accident C．events D．activities 2．A．bored B．angry C．frightened D．embarrassed 3．A．fight for B．fight against C．protect from D．struggle against 4．A．eventually B．accidentally C．frequently D．suddenly 5．A．happened B．spread C．enlarged D．lasted 6．A．symbol B．review C．mark D．sign 7．A．invent B．discover C．create D．build 8．A．change B．choose C．decide D．influence 9．A．replace B．improve C．deepen D．renew 10．A．ways B．methods C．bridges D．paths （2） AI (Artificial Intelligence) has been changing our lives in many ways. Recently, a new type of AI robot has come into people’s homes. It is called “HomePal” and it can help with a lot of housework. HomePal is about 1.2 meters tall and has a round body. It has a screen on its face, which can show different 1 like happiness and kindness. Every morning, it can wake you up by playing your favorite music. Then, it can 2 breakfast for you. It knows how to make different kinds of food, from simple toast to delicious noodles. After you go to school, HomePal starts to clean the house. It can sweep the floor, wipe the windows and even wash the dishes. It moves 3 so that it won’t knock over any furniture. When your parents come back from work, the house is always tidy and clean. HomePal is also a good helper for students. When you have 4 with your homework, you can ask it for help. It can explain math problems 5 and tell interesting stories to help you relax. But it won’t give you the answers directly. Instead, it guides you to think on your own. On weekends, HomePal can play games with your 6 . It can play chess with your dad or dance with your mom. It even knows how to 7 photos. Last week, my family had a birthday party for my grandma. HomePal took many beautiful photos for us and made a short video to record the happy moment. However, HomePal is not 8 . Sometimes it can’t understand your words if you speak too fast. And it needs to be charged for four hours every day. But 9 , it brings a lot of convenience and joy to our lives. As AI technology develops, we believe that future robots will be even more useful. They may become our closest friends and help us solve more problems. But we should also remember that AI is a tool. The most important thing in life is the love and care between people. No robot can 10 that. 1．A．expressions B．sounds C．voices D．noises 2．A．buy B．cook C．order D．eat 3．A．carefully B．quickly C．loudly D．carelessly 4．A．interest B．success C．fun D．difficulty 5．A．clearly B．angrily C．sadly D．quietly 6．A．parents B．friends C．family D．classmates 7．A．watch B．take C．make D．draw 8．A．slow B．fast C．imperfect D．perfect 9．A．in fact B．in total C．in general D．in return 10．A．replace B．create C．find D．lose （3） Vegetables and meat used to be eaten up within one day. Now, vegetables and meat can be kept for many days because we have a 1 . In the past, we had to 2 wood to keep warm in winter. But now, our house is 3 in winter and cool in summer with air-conditioning. Before we could only write to friends. 4 , we have a mobile phone which can call our friends and send news at any time now. We must go out to eat in a 5 before. Now, we can order take-out food online. Somebody can send the food you like 6 to your house in a few minutes. Paying online by Alipay or WeChat has been accepted by most people in China. 7 online by Taobao, Pinduoduo, Tik Tok, Kuaishou is more and more popular with young people. 8 the progress of science and technology, people’s life is becoming more and more convenient. However, we can’t have the technology of AI (Artificial Intelligence) in the film yet—A robot can help you do anything you want only with 9 order. But undoubtedly, robots thinking like humans 10 widely finally in the future. 1．A．blouse B．kitchen C．factory D．refrigerator 2．A．sell B．buy C．burn D．carry 3．A．hot B．warm C．cold D．cool 4．A．But B．However C．And D．Unless 5．A．library B．museum C．playground D．restaurant 6．A．angrily B．freely C．quickly D．happily 7．A．Buying B．Swimming C．Crying D．Talking 8．A．Before B．With C．After D．During 9．A．my B．your C．his D．her 10．A．will use B．will be used C．used D．was used （4） Thomas, a businessman, arrives at a foreign airport. He doesn’t 1 his passport. Instead, a machine in the wall reads the computer chip (芯片) in his arm. This has the 2 about him: his name, age, and ID number. He exits the airport, and a car 3 opens when it “sees” him. The car takes him to the 4 . His room “knows” he has entered the hotel and “reads” his body. He is cold, so the room becomes 5 . When he goes to bed, the room plays music to help him sleep. It 6 the music when it “sees” him asleep. 7 , this machine doesn’t exist. But it might be 8 soon. In five to ten years, computing and communications are going to be 9 and everywhere, in your walls, in your car, on your body. Scientists has this big idea: to create better relationship between machines and people. The dream is that computers 10 will learn to understand what people want. 1．A．give B．show C．get D．look 2．A．news B．things C．message D．information 3．A．window B．door C．curtain D．light 4．A．hotel B．school C．hospital D．company 5．A．hotter B．cooler C．colder D．warmer 6．A．gets off B．goes off C．turns off D．takes off 7．A．In surprise B．At first C．In addition D．In fact 8．A．great B．new C．real D．false 9．A．expensive B．special C．lively D．free 10．A．finally B．usually C．never D．always （5） Paper-making is one of 1 inventions in ancient China. It was said that Cai Lun 2 paper-making in 105 AD during the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD). Before that people usually wrote on bamboo or on pieces of silk. However, 3 was very heavy, and it is hard to 4 . 5 silk was very light, it was too expensive. Cai Lun had an idea to improve the paper-making from the bark of trees, pieces of cloth and fishing nets. From then on, the paper of Marquis Cai (蔡侯纸) was in use 6 . In 1979, ancient paper pieces from the Xuanquanzhi ruins (遗址) of Dunhuang in China’s Gansu Province clearly suggested that 7 was in use by the 8 Chinese armies more than 100 years before Cai Lun, in 8 BC． It therefore would appear that Cai Lun’s contribution(贡献) was to improve the 9 for paper-making. Cai Lun deserves the place of honour in Chinese history for his role in helping develop an 10 material for his country. 1．A．great B．greatest C．the greatest D．greater 2．A．invented B．developed C．discovered D．produced 3．A．silk B．stone C．shell D．bamboo 4．A．carry B．take C．bring D．get 5．A．Because B．So C．Although D．But 6．A．anywhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．somewhere 7．A．paper B．bone C．silk D．stone 8．A．modern B．traditional C．ancient D．popular 9．A．ability B．skill C．talent D．advantage 10．A．important B．importance C．different D．difference （6） A cup of tea helps solve problems. Drinking tea can 1 your ability to create and imagine something. Scientists from Peking University made a 2 . It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems. The study offered people tea or water 3 they were asked to play a word game and solve some riddles (谜语). Those who were given 4 got better grades at both tasks. They got 13.89 in the word game and 10.94 in the riddles. 5 , the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0. Tea is known for making people 6 . However, people in the study were not given 7 tea to cheer them up. So 8 made the tea drinkers better? The researchers thought the improvement was all in the 9 . “Some research has found that people are likely to connect tea drinking with a certain set of good characters (性格) such as being smart and creative. So tea drinkers think they should be 10 and more creative, and their brains work that way,” the researchers said. All in all, drinking tea really does good to us. 1．A．say B．copy C．find D．improve 2．A．way B．study C．game D．story 3．A．before B．though C．after D．since 4．A．tea B．water C．coffee D．juice 5．A．Anyway B．However C．Then D．Also 6．A．nervous B．weak C．excited D．strong 7．A．nice B．little C．clean D．enough 8．A．what B．where C．when D．how 9．A．body B．mind C．heart D．health 10．A．lazier B．busier C．smarter D．poorer （7） The Earth’s history has been 45 billion years. Now it can be found in different periods (时期) of different 1 of fossils, and these fossils can 2 the history of our planet earth-shaking changes. Over 200 million years ago, on Earth there 3 a group of animals: the dinosaurs. They have dominated (支配) the Earth 4 up to 1.5 million years. However, dinosaurs died out 5 . Nobody knows why. And a very long time later, humans 6 and no one has seen a 7 dinosaur up to now. Today, we know everything about them 68 the dinosaur fossils. 9 people found dinosaurs’ bones (骨骼), teeth, egg fossils, and skin marks, footprints, and other cave sites (洞穴遗址), the scientists have discovered the 10 of the dinosaurs. 1．A．types B．sizes C．years D．places 2．A．speak B．tell C．say D．talk 3．A．had B．has C．were D．was 4．A．in B．of C．for D．to 5．A．quietly B．suddenly C．sadly D．finally 6．A．came B．disappeared C．appeared D．happened 7．A．real B．living C．alive D．interesting 8．A．with B．in C．from D．by 9．A．Before B．After C．When D．Since 10．A．secrets B．names C．eggs D．lives （8） Inventions are amazing creations that shape our lives. The history of inventions is full of great stories. For example, the invention of the steam engine led to the Industrial Revolution. It 1 the way people worked and lived. Another important invention is the computer. It has 2 how we get information and communicate. Inventions often come from people who think differently and are not afraid to try new things. They 3 problems and create solutions. Today, we are still seeing new inventions every day, like self-driving cars and smart homes. These inventions will continue to 4 our future. We should appreciate inventors and their 5 to making our world better. 1．A．changed B．kept C．found D．lost 2．A．improved B．changed C．destroyed D．wasted 3．A．find B．create C．solve D．make 4．A．shape B．break C．damage D．waste 5．A．jobs B．contributions C．problems D．mistakes （9） Numbers are all around us and have amazing stories. I remember learning about the number π in math class. It’s an infinite decimal, and its 1 has puzzled mathematicians for centuries. Another interesting number is zero. It’s hard to imagine how math would be without it. Numbers also have cultural meanings. For example, the number 8 is 2 lucky in Chinese culture. Learning about these amazing numbers not only 3 my math knowledge but also makes me realize how important numbers are in our lives. I enjoy 4 more about number patterns and theories. It’s like a 5 journey into the world of numbers. 1．A．history B．story C．value D．mystery 2．A．considered B．made C．taken D．thought 3．A．reduces B．improves C．destroys D．wastes 4．A．teaching B．learning C．writing D．reading 5．A．boring B．difficult C．wonderful D．tiring （10） When studying English, looking up words is an important skill. I remember when I first started learning, I often used a paper dictionary. It was slow, but it 1 me the correct pronunciation and detailed definitions. Now, I also use online dictionaries. They are 2 and provide more examples. Sometimes, I use a thesaurus to find better words for my writing. This helps make my articles more 3 . No matter which tool I use, the key is to 4 the information correctly. Looking up words not only helps me understand new vocabulary but also 5 my study efficiency. 1．A．gave B．taken C．made D．got 2．A．slow B．convenient C．hard D．boring 3．A．interesting B．beautiful C．precise D．long 4．A．use B．buy C．sell D．throw 5．A．reduces B．improves C．destroys D．wastes 参考答案 （1） 【导语】本文介绍了汉语成语“乱七八糟”的历史背景及其文化意义。 1．句意：该成语的含义来源于中国古代两起重要历史事件。 matters事务；accident事故；events事件；activities活动。根据“two important historical…”可知指两个重要的历史事件，故选C。 2．句意：这使七位诸侯非常愤怒。 bored无聊；angry愤怒；frightened害怕；embarrassed尴尬。根据“make the princes less powerful”可知诸侯因削藩而愤怒，故选B。 3．句意：在公元前154年，他们联合反抗皇帝。 fight for争取；fight against反抗；protect from保护；struggle against多指艰难斗争。根据“rebellion”可知是反抗皇帝，故选B。 4．句意：虽然皇帝最终获胜，但是损失是巨大的。 eventually最终；accidentally偶然；frequently频繁；suddenly突然。根据“the damage was huge”可知战争持续后最终胜利，故选A。 5．句意：八王之乱从公元291年持续到306年。 happened发生；spread扩散；enlarged扩大；lasted持续。根据时间跨度“291 to 306 AD”强调持续时间，故选D。 6．句意：单词“八糟”成为长期混乱的象征。 symbol象征；review回顾；mark记号；sign标志。根据“of long-lasting chaos”可知“八糟”象征混乱，故选A。 7．句意：随着时间的过去，人们结合两事件创造出成语“乱七八糟”。 invent发明；discover发现；create创造；build建造。根据“combined”可知是创造新成语，强调从无到有的过程，故选C。 8．句意：这个习语展示了历史如何影响语言。 change改变；choose选择；decide决定；influence影响。根据“language”和“lessons”强调历史对语言的间接影响，故选D。 9．句意：当我们了解他们的起源时，我们可以发现更多的历史，更好地欣赏我们的文化，以及提升我们的语言技能。 replace替换；improve提高；deepen深化；renew更新。根据“language skills”可知，是提升语言技巧，搭配“improve”最合理，故选B。 10．句意：用这种方式，习语就像一座连接过去和现在的桥梁。 ways方式；methods方法；bridges桥梁；paths路径。根据“between the past and the present”强调连接作用，故选C。 （2） 【导语】本文介绍了一款名为“HomePal”的新型AI机器人，它可以帮助做家务、辅导学习、陪伴家人等，为生活带来便利和快乐。同时，文章也指出AI技术仍有不足，并且无法替代人与人之间的关爱。 1．句意：它的脸上有一个屏幕，可以显示不同的表情，比如快乐和友善。 expressions表情；sounds声音；voices嗓音；noises噪音。根据下文“like happiness and kindness”可知，屏幕上显示的是表达情感的面部“表情”。故选A。 2．句意：然后，它可以为你做早餐。 buy买；cook烹饪；order点餐；eat吃。根据下文“It knows how to make different kinds of food”可知，它知道如何制作食物，因此是“烹饪”早餐。故选B。 3．句意：它移动得很小心，这样就不会撞倒任何家具。 carefully小心地；quickly快速地；loudly大声地；carelessly粗心地。根据后半句“so that it won’t knock over any furniture”可知，为了不撞倒家具，它必须“小心地”移动。故选A。 4．句意：当你的作业有困难时，你可以向它寻求帮助。 interest兴趣；success成功；fun乐趣；difficulty困难。固定搭配“have difficulty with...”意为“在……方面有困难”，符合向助手求助的语境。故选D。 5．句意：它可以清晰地解释数学问题。 clearly清晰地；angrily生气地；sadly悲伤地；quietly安静地。根据上下文，作为学习助手，解释问题需要“清晰”才能让人理解。故选A。 6．句意：在周末，HomePal可以和你的家人一起玩游戏。 parents父母；friends朋友；family家人；classmates同学。根据下文“It can play chess with your dad or dance with your mom”可知，互动对象是爸爸和妈妈，属于“家人”。故选C。 7．句意：它甚至知道如何拍照。 watch观看；take拍摄；make制作；draw绘画。固定搭配“take photos”意为“拍照”。故选B。 8．句意：然而，HomePal并不完美。 slow慢的；fast快的；imperfect不完美的；perfect完美的。根据下文“Sometimes it can’t understand your words...”可知，它有时无法理解话语且需要充电，这些局限性说明它“不完美”。故选D。 9．句意：但总的来说，它给我们的生活带来了很多便利和快乐。 in fact事实上；in total总计；in general总的来说；in return作为回报。此处表示在承认其缺点的基础上，从整体上评价其积极影响，“总的来说”符合语境。故选C。 10．句意：没有机器人能够替代那份关爱。 replace替代；create创造；find找到；lose失去。根据文章主旨“AI是工具，最重要的仍是人与人之间的关爱”可知，机器人无法“替代”人类的爱。故选A。 （3） 【导语】本文以衣食住行等生活场景为例，对比过去与现在的差异，阐述科技进步如何让人们的生活更便捷，并展望未来人工智能技术的应用。 1．句意：现在我们有了冰箱，蔬菜和肉它们可以被保存很多天。 blouse女式衬衫；kitchen厨房；factory工厂；refrigerator冰箱。根据上文“vegetables and meat can be kept for many days”可知，此处是指蔬菜和肉类在冰箱里可以保存很多天。故选D。 2．句意：过去，冬天我们不得不燃烧木材来取暖。 sell出售；buy购买；burn燃烧；carry搬运。根据下文“keep warm in winter”可知，此处是指过去需要燃烧木材取暖；考查burn wood“燃烧木头”，固定搭配。故选C。 3．句意：但现在，有了空调，我们的房子冬天温暖，夏天凉爽。 hot炎热；warm温暖；cold寒冷；cool凉爽。根据下文“cool in summer”可知，与夏天凉爽对应，冬天有空调应是温暖的。故选B。 4．句意：然而，现在我们有了手机，可以随时给朋友打电话和发送信息。 But但；However然而；And和；Unless除非。分析句子结构可知，前后强烈对比，且空后有逗号，所以这里应用however表转折。故选B。 5．句意：以前我们必须去餐馆吃饭。 library图书馆；museum博物馆；playground操场；restaurant餐馆。根据上文“go out to eat”可知，此处是指出去吃饭的地点是餐馆。故选D。 6．句意：有人能在几分钟内把你喜欢的食物快速送到你家中。 angrily愤怒地；freely自由地；quickly快速地；happily开心地。根据下文“in a few minutes”可知，此处是强调外卖的特点是快速送达。故选C。 7．句意：通过淘宝、拼多多、抖音、快手网购越来越受年轻人欢迎。 Buying购买；Swimming游泳；Crying哭泣；Talking交谈。根据下文“Taobao, Pinduoduo, Tik Tok, Kuaishou”可知，淘宝、拼多多、抖音、快手均为购物平台，所以这里是指buying online“网购”。故选A。 8．句意：随着科技的进步，人们的生活变得越来越方便。 Before在……之前；With随着；After在……之后；During在……期间。with the progress of...“随着……的进步”，固定搭配。故选B。 9．句意：然而，我们还没有电影里的人工智能技术——机器人只需你的一个指令就能帮你做任何事。 my我的；your你的；his他的；her她的。根据上文“help you”可知，所以此处是指你的指令，应用“your”。故选B。 10．句意：但毫无疑问，像人类一样思考的机器人最终将在未来被广泛使用。 will use将使用，一般将来时；will be used将被使用，一般将来时的被动语态；used使用，过去式；was used被使用，一般过去时的被动语态。主语“robots”与动词use为被动关系，应用被动语态，又根据“in the future”可知，这里是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done。故选B。 （4） 【导语】本文主要介绍了梦想中的未来科技的发展以及一些其他的具体信息。 1．句意：他没有出示护照。 give给；show出示；get得到；look看起来。结合“He doesn’t...his passport. Instead, a machine in the wall reads the computer chip (芯片) in his arm.”可知，他不用出示自己的护照，墙上是机器会自动扫描。故选B。 2．句意：这里有他的信息：他的名字，年龄和身份证号。 news新闻；things事物；message口信，消息；information信息。结合“his name, age, and ID number.”可知，这里是他的身份信息。故选D。 3．句意：他走出机场，一扇车门在“看到”他时打开了。 window窗户；door门；curtain窗帘；light灯光。结合“ a car...opens”可知，这里是指车门开了。故选B。 4．句意：汽车把他送到酒店。 hotel酒店；school学校；hospital医院；company公司。结合“His room “knows” he”可知，这里酒店的房间。故选A。 5．句意：他很冷，所以房间变暖了。 hotter较热的；cooler较凉的；colder较冷的；warmer较暖的。结合“He is cold, so the room becomes...”可知，这里是指知道他冷，房间变暖了。故选D。 6．句意：当它“看到”他睡着时，就会关掉音乐。 gets off下车；goes off变坏，变质；turns off关掉；takes off脱掉。结合“when it “sees” him asleep”可知，这里是指当它“看到”他睡着时，就会关掉音乐。故选C。 7．句意：事实上，这台机器并不存在。 In surprise惊讶地；At first刚开始；In addition还有；In fact事实上。结合“But it might be...soon.”可知，这里是说这台机器现在并不存在，但未来可能会出现。故选D。 8．句意：但这可能很快就会发生。 great伟大的；new新的；real真的；false假的。结合“this machine doesn’t exist.”可知，这里是说这台机器现在并不存在，但未来可能会成真。故选C。 9．句意：在5到10年内，计算和通信将是免费的，无处不在，在你的墙上，在你的车里，在你的身上。 expensive昂贵的；special特殊的；lively生动的；free免费的。结合“...and everywhere”可知，这里指是免费的和无处不在的。故选D。 10．句意：我们的梦想是，计算机最终将学会理解人们的需求。 finally最终；usually通常；never从不；always总是。结合“The dream is that computers ...will learn to understand what people want.”可知，这里是希望计算机最终将学会理解人们的需求。故选A。 （5） 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代四大发明之一造纸术的发展历史以及蔡伦做出的贡献。 1．句意：造纸是古代中国最伟大的发明之一。 great伟大的，原级；greatest最高级；the greatest定冠词the+最高级；greater比较级。“one of”后加形容词最高级，形容词最高级是特指，因此前面需加定冠词“the”。故选C。 2．句意：据说蔡伦在汉朝（公元前202年——公元后220年）的公元105年改进了造纸术。 invented发明；developed改进；discovered发现；produced生产。根据后文“In 1979…Chinese armies more than 100 years before Cai Lun, in 8 BC.”及“Cai Lun’s contribution(贡献) was to improve”可知蔡伦改进了造纸术，因此用“developed”。故选B。 3．句意：然而，竹子很重而且很难携带。 silk丝绸；stone石头；shell贝壳；bamboo竹子。根据前面“Before that people usually wrote on bamboo or on pieces of silk.”及“very heavy”可知此处应知“竹子”。故选D。 4．句意：然而，竹子很重而且很难携带。 carry携带；take带走；bring带来；get得到。此处指竹子结合常识可知是很难随身携带。故选A。 5．句意：尽管丝绸很轻，但是很贵。 Because因为；So所以；Although尽管；But但是。分析两个句子关系可知应是表达让步，因此用“Although”引导让步状语从句。故选C。 6．句意：从那以后，到处在使用蔡侯纸。 anywhere任何地方；everywhere到处；nowhere没有地方；somewhere某地。根据前文“Cai Lun had an idea to improve the paper-making from the bark of trees, pieces of cloth and fishing nets.”可知应是“到处”。故选B。 7．句意：1979年，中国甘肃省敦煌宣泉支遗址出土的古代纸片清楚地表明，在公元前8年，蔡伦之前100多年，中国古代军队就在使用纸张。 paper纸；bone骨头；silk丝绸；stone石头。根据“ancient paper pieces”可知此处应指“纸张”。故选A。 8．句意：1979年，中国甘肃省敦煌宣泉支遗址出土的古代纸片清楚地表明，在公元前8年，蔡伦之前100多年，中国古代军队就在使用纸张。 modern现代的；traditional传统的；ancient古代的；popular流行的。根据“…Chinese armies more than 100 years before Cai Lun, in 8 BC.”可知是指“古代的”。故选C。 9．句意：因此蔡伦的贡献似乎是提高了造纸技术。 ability能力；skill技术；talent天赋；advantage优势。结合上文“Cai Lun had an idea to improve the paper-making from the bark of trees, pieces of cloth and fishing nets.”及搭配动词“improve”可知应是改进了“技术”。故选B。 10．句意：蔡伦在帮助国家发展了一种重要材料方面所起的作用，值得在中国历史上获得荣耀。 important重要的；importance重要性；different不同的；difference不同。此处修饰后面的名词“material”，应用形容词，前面是“an”，应用元音音素开头的单词，因此用“important”。故选A。 （6） 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京大学科学家的研究发现喝茶能提高人的解决问题能力，其原因在于人们将喝茶与聪明、有创造力等良好特质相联系的心理作用。 1．句意：喝茶能提高你的创造和想象能力。 say说；copy复制；find找到；improve提高。根据前文“A cup of tea helps solve problems”及语境，喝茶有助于解决问题，应是能提高创造和想象能力，故选D。 2．句意：北京大学的科学家做了一项研究。 way方法；study研究；game游戏；story故事。根据后文“It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems”可知，这是一项研究的发现，故选B。 3．句意：这项研究在让人们玩文字游戏和猜谜语之前，给他们提供了茶或水。 before在……之前；though尽管；after在……之后；since自从。根据实验逻辑，应是先提供饮品，再让参与者做任务，故选A。 4．句意：那些被给予茶的人在两项任务中都取得了更好的成绩。 tea茶；water水；coffee咖啡；juice果汁。根据后文“the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0”可知，此处是将喝茶的人与喝水的人对比，故选A。 5．句意：然而，喝水的人的成绩是12.94和9.0。 Anyway无论如何；However然而；Then然后；Also也。根据“They got 13.89 in the word game and 10.94 in the riddles.”和“the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0.”可知，前文讲喝茶的人成绩更好，此处讲喝水的人成绩较低，存在转折关系，故选B。 6．句意：茶以让人兴奋而闻名。 nervous紧张的；weak虚弱的；excited兴奋的；strong强壮的。根据常识及后文“to cheer them up”，茶通常能让人兴奋、振作，故选C。 7．句意：然而，参与研究的人并没有得到足够的茶来让他们振作起来。 nice好的；little少的；clean干净的；enough足够的。根据“However”表转折及语境，虽然茶能让人兴奋，但研究中并未给参与者足够的茶来达到此效果，故选D。 8．句意：那么是什么让喝茶的人表现更好呢？ what什么；where哪里；when何时；how如何。此处是对“让喝茶的人表现更好”的原因进行提问，用what作主语，故选A。 9．句意：研究人员认为，这种改善完全在于心理作用。 body身体；mind心理；heart心脏；health健康。根据后文“Some research has found that people are likely to connect tea drinking with a certain set of good characters”可知，是与心理认知相关，故选B。 10．句意：所以喝茶的人认为他们应该更聪明、更有创造力，他们的大脑也会以这种方式工作。 lazier更懒的；busier更忙的；smarter更聪明的；poorer更穷的。根据前文“being smart and creative”可知，此处应与“更有创造力”并列，指更聪明，故选C。 （7） 【导语】本文主要介绍地球的历史和恐龙的灭绝。 1．句意：现在可以在不同类型的化石中找到不同时期的地球历史。 types类型；sizes尺寸；years年；places地点。根据“Now it can be found in different periods (时期) of different…of fossils,”可知，此处是指在不同时期存在不同类型的化石。故选A。 2．句意：而这些化石可以讲述我们星球翻天覆地的变化的历史。 speak说；tell告诉；say说话；talk谈论。根据“…and these fossils can…the history of our planet earth-shaking changes.”可知，此处是指化石用它们自己来告诉我们地球的巨大变化。故选B。 3．句意：2亿多年前，地球上有一群动物：恐龙。 had有，过去式；has有，三单形式；were是，be动词复数形式的过去式；was是，be动词单数形式的过去式。根据“Over 200 million years ago, on Earth there…a group of animals: the dinosaurs.”可知，此处为there be句型，时态为一般过去时，由空后的不定冠词a可知，用单数形式。故选D。 4．句意：它们统治地球长达1.5亿年。 in在……期间；of……的；for达，计；to到。根据“They have dominated (支配) the Earth…up to 1.5 million years.”可知，此处是指它们统治地球长达1.5亿年，用介词for表示。故选C。 5．句意：然而，恐龙突然灭绝了。 quietly快速地；suddenly突然地；sadly悲哀地；finally最后地。根据“However, dinosaurs died out…Nobody knows why.”可知，此处是指灭绝得很突然，用副词suddenly修饰整个句子。故选B。 6．句意：而很久以后，人类出现了，至今没有人见过活着的恐龙。 came来；disappeared消失；appeared出现；happened发生。根据“And a very long time later, humans…and…”及常识可知，此处是指恐龙灭绝很久后人类出现了。故选C。 7．句意：而很久以后，人类出现了，至今没有人见过活着的恐龙。 real真的；living活的，有生命的；alive存活着的；interesting有趣的。根据“…and no one has seen a…dinosaur up to now.”可知，此处是指没有人见过一只活着的恐龙，用形容词living修饰。故选B。 8．句意：今天，我们通过恐龙化石了解它们的一切。 with和；in在……期间；from来自，表示事物的来源；by经过。根据“Today, we know everything about them…the dinosaur fossils.”可知，此处是指恐龙化石是了解恐龙的来源。故选C。 9．句意：自从人们发现恐龙的骨骼、牙齿、蛋化石、皮肤痕迹、脚印和其他洞穴遗址以来，科学家们已经发现了恐龙的秘密。 Before在……之前；After在……之后；When当……时候；Since自从。根据“…people found dinosaurs’ bones (骨骼), teeth, egg fossils, and skin marks, footprints…”可知，此处是指自从人们发现恐龙后，用连词Since表示。故选D。 100．句意：自从人们发现恐龙的骨骼、牙齿、蛋化石、皮肤痕迹、脚印和其他洞穴遗址以来，科学家们已经发现了恐龙的秘密。 secrets秘密；names名字；eggs蛋；lives生活。根据“…the scientists have discovered the…of the dinosaurs.”可知，此处是指人类从来没有见过恐龙，通过考古终于发现了恐龙的秘密了。故选A。 （8） 【导语】本文介绍了发明对人类生活的深远影响，从蒸汽机到计算机，再到现代创新，强调发明家通过解决问题塑造未来。 1．句意：它改变了人们的工作和生活方式。 changed改变；kept保持；found发现；lost失去。根据“the invention of the steam engine led to the Industrial Revolution”可知，蒸汽机引发工业革命，说明其带来根本性变化。故选A。 2．句意：它改变了我们获取信息和沟通的方式。 improved改进；changed改变；destroyed破坏；wasted浪费。根据“how we get information and communicate”可知，与没有计算机之前相比，计算机的发明改变了信息处理和沟通方式。故选B。 3．句意：他们解决问题并创造解决方案。 find发现；create创造；solve解决；make制造。根据“create solutions”可知，发明家发明东西的核心是解决问题。故选C。 4．句意：这些发明将继续塑造我们的未来。 shape塑造；break打破；damage损害；waste浪费。根据“Inventions are amazing creations that shape our lives.”可知，此处指发明塑造未来。故选A。 5．句意：我们应感谢发明家以及他们让世界变得更好的贡献。 jobs工作；contributions贡献；problems问题；mistakes错误。根据“making our world better”可知，此处强调发明家的积极贡献是让世界变得更好。故选B。 （9） 【导语】本文讲述了数字的奇妙之处，包括π的神秘性、零的重要性以及数字的文化意义。 1．句意：它是一个无限小数，它的神秘性困扰了数学家几个世纪。 history历史；story故事；value价值；mystery神秘。根据“has puzzled mathematicians for centuries”可知π的神秘性困扰了数学家。故选D。 2．句意：数字8在中国文化中被认为是幸运的。 considered被认为；made制造；taken拿走；thought思考。根据“the number 8 is ... lucky in Chinese culture”可知8是被认为幸运的。故选A。 3．句意：学习这些神奇的数字不仅提高了我的数学知识，而且使我意识到数字在我们生活中是多么重要。 reduces减少；improves提高；destroys破坏；wastes浪费。根据“my math knowledge”可知是提升数学知识。故选B。 4．句意：我喜欢学习更多关于数字模式和理论。 teaching教学；learning学习；writing写作；reading阅读。根据“more about number patterns”可知是学习数字模式和理论。故选B。 5．句意：这就像一次奇妙的数字世界之旅。 boring无聊的；difficult困难的；wonderful奇妙的；tiring疲惫的。根据“I enjoy ... more about number patterns and theories.”可知学习数字像是奇妙的旅程。故选C。 （10） 【导语】本文讲述学习英语时查词典的重要性及工具演变。 1．句意：它虽慢，但给了我正确发音和详细释义。 gave给；taken拿；made制作；got得到。根据“it ... me the correct pronunciation”可知，纸质词典给了我正确发音与释义。故选A。 2．句意：在线词典更方便且提供更多例句。 slow慢的；convenient方便的；hard困难的；boring无聊的。根据“they are…and provide more examples”可知需褒义词，在线词典很方便。故选B。 3．句意：这有助于让文章更精确。 interesting有趣的；beautiful美丽的；precise精确的；long冗长的。根据“find better words for my writing”可知，使用同义词词典是为了找到更好的词，使得用词更加精确。故选C。 4．句意：不管我使用什么工具，关键在正确使用信息。 use使用；buy购买；sell出售；throw扔掉。根据“the information correctly”可知，使用工具是为了正确使用信息。故选A。 5．句意：查词不仅帮助我理解新词，而且提升我的学习效率。 reduces降低；improves提高；destroys破坏；wastes浪费。根据“Looking up words not only helps me understand new vocabulary but also ... my study efficiency.”可知，查词可以提升学习效率。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $