Unit 1 Caring for each other词汇拓展短语（二）清单 2024-2025学年高中英语冀教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了冀教版选必4 Unit 1“Caring for each other”主题下的96个核心短语及句型，涵盖情感表达、社会行为、责任态度、生活场景等四大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“短语含义理解”到“语境应用”再到“主题表达”的阶梯式学习支架。 清单通过“核心词汇多维度拓展”和“主题语境例句匹配”构建知识体系，如围绕“upset”设计“因失败沮丧”“无意间使某人心烦”等场景短语，用生活化例句强化语言能力。特别标注“presence of mind（镇定自若）”等跨文化交际短语，融入“elderly couple”等社会关怀主题，培养学生文化意识和思维品质，教师可直接用于词汇教学和情境对话设计，学生能自主进行短语辨析与应用练习。

冀教版 选必4 Unit 1 Caring for each other.词汇拓展短语（二） 序号 短语或句型 意思 例句（中英对照） 1 get upset about failure 因失败沮丧 Don’t get upset about failure; it’s a chance to learn and improve.（别因失败沮丧，这是学习和进步的机会。） 2 upset sb by mistake 无意间使某人心烦 I upset my friend by mistake when I forgot our appointment.（我忘了和朋友的约定，无意间让他心烦了。） 3 be upset with sb 对某人心烦 She was upset with her brother for breaking her favorite cup.（哥哥打碎了她最喜欢的杯子，她对他很心烦。） 4 worthwhile to study 值得学习 It’s worthwhile to study English well, as it opens more opportunities.（学好英语很值得，因为它能带来更多机会。） 5 worthwhile project 值得做的项目 The community clean-up is a worthwhile project that benefits everyone.（社区清洁是个值得做的项目，能让所有人受益。） 6 prove worthwhile 证明是值得的 All his hard work in preparing for the exam proved worthwhile when he got good grades.（他为考试付出的所有努力，在取得好成绩时证明是值得的。） 7 appreciate your help 感激你的帮助 Thank you so much—I really appreciate your help with my math homework.（非常感谢，我真的很感激你帮我辅导数学作业。） 8 appreciate works of art 欣赏艺术作品 We went to the art gallery to appreciate works of art by famous painters.（我们去美术馆欣赏著名画家的艺术作品。） 9 I appreciate it 我很感激 If you can lend me your notebook, I appreciate it.（如果你能借我笔记本，我很感激。） 10 in one's presence 在某人面前 He didn’t dare to speak loudly in his teacher’s presence.（在老师面前，他不敢大声说话。） 11 presence of mind 镇定自若 Her presence of mind helped her calm down the scared child during the fire.（火灾中，她的镇定自若帮助她安抚了受惊的孩子。） 12 sense of presence 存在感 Joining the school club helped her gain a stronger sense of presence.（加入学校社团让她的存在感更强了。） 13 make a friendly gesture 做友好的手势 The little boy made a friendly gesture by waving at the new student.（小男孩向新同学挥手，做了个友好的手势。） 14 gesture of respect 尊重的姿势 Bowing is a traditional gesture of respect in some Asian countries.（鞠躬在一些亚洲国家是传统的尊重姿势。） 15 understand a gesture 理解手势含义 It’s important to understand a gesture in different cultures to avoid misunderstandings.（了解不同文化中的手势含义很重要，以免产生误解。） 16 elderly people 老年人 We should offer our seats to elderly people on the bus.（在公交车上，我们应该给老年人让座。） 17 care for the elderly 照顾老人 Many volunteers go to the nursing home to care for the elderly every weekend.（很多志愿者每周去养老院照顾老人。） 18 elderly couple 老年夫妇 The elderly couple walks in the park hand in hand every morning.（这对老年夫妇每天早上手牵手在公园散步。） 19 receive a compliment 收到赞扬 She received a compliment from her teacher for her well-written essay.（她因为作文写得好，收到了老师的赞扬。） 20 pay a compliment on sth 称赞某事 Everyone paid a compliment on her beautiful handwriting.（所有人都称赞她漂亮的笔迹。） 21 sincere compliment 真诚的赞扬 His sincere compliment made her feel happy and confident.（他真诚的赞扬让她感到开心又自信。） 22 have the flu 患流感 She had to stay home from school because she had the flu.（她因为患流感，不得不请假在家。） 23 prevent the flu 预防流感 Washing hands frequently is a simple way to prevent the flu.（勤洗手是预防流感的简单方法。） 24 flu vaccine 流感疫苗 The doctor advised the elderly to get the flu vaccine before winter.（医生建议老年人在冬天前接种流感疫苗。） 25 virus infection 病毒感染 The doctor said his fever was caused by a virus infection.（医生说他的发烧是由病毒感染引起的。） 26 computer virus 电脑病毒 He installed antivirus software to protect his computer from computer viruses.（他安装了杀毒软件，保护电脑免受电脑病毒侵害。） 27 fight against the virus 对抗病毒 Medical workers worked day and night to fight against the virus.（医护人员日夜奋战，对抗病毒。） 28 my father-in-law 我的岳父/公公 My father-in-law often takes me to fish by the river on weekends.（我岳父/公公经常周末带我去河边钓鱼。） 29 visit father-in-law 看望岳父/公公 We plan to visit my father-in-law this Sunday to celebrate his birthday.（我们计划这周日去看望岳父/公公，庆祝他的生日。） 30 talk with father-in-law 和岳父/公公交谈 He likes to talk with his father-in-law about sports and current events.（他喜欢和岳父/公公聊体育和时事。） 31 anyhow, we must try 无论如何，我们必须尝试 The task is difficult, but anyhow, we must try our best to finish it.（任务很难，但无论如何，我们必须尽力完成。） 32 do it anyhow 随便做 Don’t just do it anyhow—take your time and do it carefully.（别随便做，慢慢来，仔细点做。） 33 go anyhow 无论去哪里 We don’t have a fixed plan for the holiday; we can go anyhow we like.（我们假期没有固定计划，想去哪里就去哪里。） 34 make an investment 投资 His parents decided to make an investment in a small business.（他父母决定投资一家小生意。） 35 investment in education 教育投入 The government has increased investment in education to improve school facilities.（政府增加了教育投入，改善学校设施。） 36 financial investment 金融投资 He learned about financial investment from his uncle who works in a bank.（他从在银行工作的叔叔那里了解了金融投资。） 37 nursing care 护理服务 The hospital provides professional nursing care for elderly patients.（这家医院为老年患者提供专业的护理服务。） 38 nursing home 养老院 Her grandmother lives in a nursing home where she can get 24-hour care.（她奶奶住在养老院，能得到24小时照顾。） 39 nursing profession 护理职业 She decided to choose the nursing profession because she wants to help others.（她决定选择护理职业，因为她想帮助别人。） 40 flourish in warm weather 在温暖天气里茁壮成长 Flowers and grass flourish in warm weather in spring.（春天温暖的天气里，花草茁壮成长。） 41 business flourish 生意繁荣 His small restaurant began to flourish after he improved the food quality.（他改善食物质量后，小餐馆的生意开始繁荣起来。） 42 flourish during the period 在该时期繁荣 Local art and culture flourished during the Tang Dynasty.（唐朝时期，当地的艺术和文化十分繁荣。） 43 sow seeds in spring 春天播种 Farmers usually sow seeds in spring to prepare for the harvest in autumn.（农民通常在春天播种，为秋天的收获做准备。） 44 sow the seeds of hope 播下希望的种子 Teachers sow the seeds of hope in students’ hearts through education.（老师通过教育在学生心中播下希望的种子。） 45 sow in the field 在田里播种 They used a machine to sow wheat in the field last week.（上周他们用机器在田里播种小麦。） 46 take responsibility 承担责任 As the team leader, he must take responsibility for the project’s success or failure.（作为队长，他必须为项目的成败承担责任。） 47 sense of responsibility 责任感 Having a strong sense of responsibility is important for any job.（强烈的责任感对任何工作都很重要。） 48 responsibility for sth 对某事的责任 Parents have the responsibility for their children’s growth and education.（父母对孩子的成长和教育负有责任。） 49 indifference to others 对他人漠不关心 His indifference to others’ difficulties made him unpopular in the class.（他对别人的困难漠不关心，在班里不受欢迎。） 50 show indifference 表现出漠不关心 She didn’t show indifference to the homeless cat; she took it home and fed it.（她没有对流浪猫表现出漠不关心，而是把它带回家喂养。） 51 total indifference 完全漠不关心 His total indifference to the environment made his classmates angry.（他对环境完全漠不关心，这让同学们很生气。） 52 accuse sb of theft 控告某人偷窃 The shop owner accused the boy of theft, but later found he was wrong.（店主控告男孩偷窃，但后来发现自己错了。） 53 accuse falsely 诬告 It’s unfair to accuse someone falsely without any evidence.（没有证据就诬告别人是不公平的。） 54 accuse sb of lying 谴责某人说谎 She accused him of lying when he said he didn’t break the vase.（他说自己没打碎花瓶，她谴责他在说谎。） 55 blame sb for a mistake 因错误责怪某人 Don’t blame him for the mistake; it was a team error.（别因这个错误责怪他，这是团队的失误。） 56 take the blame 承担责任 He was brave enough to take the blame for the team’s mistake.（他很勇敢，愿意为团队的错误承担责任。） 57 blame on sb 把责任推给某人 It’s not right to blame the failure on others; you should reflect on yourself.（把失败推给别人是不对的，你应该反思自己。） 58 mature thinking 成熟的思维 Mature thinking helps you make better decisions in difficult situations.（成熟的思维能帮你在困境中做出更好的决定。） 59 mature person 成熟的人 A mature person knows how to control their emotions and respect others.（成熟的人知道如何控制情绪，尊重他人。） 60 become mature 变得成熟 She became more mature after living alone for a year.（独自生活一年后，她变得更成熟了。） 61 acknowledge one's mistake 承认错误 It takes courage to acknowledge your own mistakes and correct them.（承认并改正自己的错误需要勇气。） 62 acknowledge that 承认… He finally acknowledged that he had made a mistake in the plan.（他最终承认自己在计划中犯了错。） 63 be acknowledged as 被公认为 Einstein is acknowledged as one of the greatest scientists in history.（爱因斯坦被公认为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。） 64 foolish decision 愚蠢的决定 Quitting school was a foolish decision that he later regretted.（辍学是个愚蠢的决定，后来他后悔了。） 65 be foolish to do 做…很愚蠢 It’s foolish to go out in heavy rain without an umbrella.（下大雨不打伞出门很愚蠢。） 66 foolish behavior 愚蠢的行为 His foolish behavior of running in the hallway made him fall and get hurt.（他在走廊奔跑的愚蠢行为让他摔倒受伤了。） 67 misplaced trust 错付的信任 She felt sad when she realized her trust in him was misplaced.（意识到对他的信任是错付的，她感到很伤心。） 68 misplaced affection 错付的感情 He finally accepted that his affection for her was misplaced.（他最终接受了自己对她的感情是错付的事实。） 69 misplaced items 放错的物品 She spent an hour looking for her misplaced keys.（她花了一个小时找放错地方的钥匙。） 70 family bond 家庭纽带 Regular family dinners help strengthen the family bond.（定期的家庭晚餐有助于加强家庭纽带。） 71 bond between friends 朋友间的纽带 Shared hobbies and experiences build a strong bond between friends.（共同的爱好和经历能建立朋友间牢固的纽带。） 72 strengthen the bond 加强纽带 Traveling together can strengthen the bond between family members.（一起旅行能加强家庭成员间的纽带。） 73 virtuous person 品行端正的人 Everyone in the community respects him as a virtuous person who always helps others.（社区里所有人都尊重他，认为他是个总帮助别人的品行端正的人。） 74 virtuous behavior 美德行为 Helping the elderly cross the road is a simple virtuous behavior.（帮老人过马路是一种简单的美德行为。） 75 remain virtuous 保持品行端正 He promised himself to remain virtuous no matter what difficulties he faced.（他向自己承诺，无论面临什么困难，都要保持品行端正。） 76 take a pedicab 坐三轮车 We decided to take a pedicab to explore the old town because it’s slow and convenient.（我们决定坐三轮车游览古镇，因为它慢且方便。） 77 pedicab driver 三轮车夫 The pedicab driver told us many interesting stories about the local history.（三轮车夫给我们讲了很多当地历史的有趣故事。） 78 ride a pedicab 骑三轮车 He learned to ride a pedicab when he was working in the old town last summer.（去年夏天在古镇工作时，他学会了骑三轮车。） 79 finance a project 为项目提供资金 The company agreed to finance the environmental protection project.（这家公司同意为这个环保项目提供资金。） 80 finance by the government 由政府提供资金 The new hospital is being financed by the government and will open next year.（这家新医院由政府提供资金建设，明年开业。） 81 finance a company 为公司融资 They needed to find investors to finance their new tech company.（他们需要找投资者为新的科技公司融资。） 82 calculate the cost 计算成本 Before starting the project, we need to calculate the cost carefully to avoid overspending.（开始项目前，我们需要仔细计算成本，避免超支。） 83 calculate accurately 准确计算 You must calculate the data accurately in the math exam to get full marks.（数学考试中，你必须准确计算数据才能得满分。） 84 calculate that it's true 计算出这是正确的 The scientist calculated that his theory about climate change was true.（科学家计算出他关于气候变化的理论是正确的。） 85 equivalent of water 水的等量 We need to add the equivalent of 500 milliliters of water to the mixture.（我们需要向混合物中加入等量于500毫升的水。） 86 find the equivalent 找到对应物 Can you find the English equivalent of this Chinese idiom?（你能找到这个中文成语的英文对应词吗？） 87 equivalent amount 等量 The recipe requires an equivalent amount of sugar and flour.（这个食谱需要等量的糖和面粉。） 88 the equator line 赤道线 The equator line divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.（赤道线将地球分为北半球和南半球。） 89 near the equator 靠近赤道 Countries near the equator have warm weather all year round.（靠近赤道的国家全年天气都很温暖。） 90 cross the equator 穿过赤道 The ship crossed the equator during its voyage around the world.（这艘船在环球航行中穿过了赤道。） 91 anticipate difficulties 预料困难 We should anticipate difficulties in the project and prepare solutions in advance.（我们应该预料项目中可能出现的困难，提前准备解决方案。） 92 anticipate doing sth 预料做某事 She didn’t anticipate meeting her old friend at the airport.（她没预料到会在机场遇到老朋友。） 93 anticipate that it will rain 预料会下雨 The weather forecast anticipated that it will rain this weekend.（天气预报预料这周末会下雨。） 94 sincerely yours 谨上（书信结尾） You can write “sincerely yours” at the end of a formal letter.（正式信件的结尾可以写“谨上”。） 95 speak sincerely 真诚地说 He spoke sincerely about his hope for world peace.（他真诚地表达了对世界和平的希望。） 96 thank sincerely 真诚感谢 We want to thank you sincerely for your support over the years.（我们想真诚感谢你这些年的支持。） 97 surrounding areas 周围地区 The new park will benefit the surrounding areas by providing a place for leisure.（新公园将为周围地区提供休闲场所，让其受益。） 98 surrounding environment 周围环境 We should protect the surrounding environment by reducing waste.（我们应该通过减少废物来保护周围环境。） 99 surrounding buildings 周围建筑 The old temple is surrounded by modern surrounding buildings.（这座古老的寺庙被现代化的周围建筑环绕。） 100 school fee 学费 His parents work hard to pay his school fee every year.（他父母每年努力工作，支付他的学费。） 101 medical fee 医疗费 The government helps poor families cover their medical fees.（政府帮助贫困家庭支付医疗费。） 102 service fee 服务费 The hotel charges a small service fee for cleaning the room.（这家酒店收取少量房间清洁服务费。） 103 reject an offer 拒绝提议 She had to reject the job offer because it required moving to another city.（她不得不拒绝这份工作提议，因为它要求搬到另一个城市。） 104 reject a request 拒绝请求 The teacher rejected his request to hand in the homework late.（老师拒绝了他迟交作业的请求。） 105 reject bad advice 拒绝错误建议 You should reject bad advice that might harm your health.（你应该拒绝可能危害健康的错误建议。） 106 demanding job 费力的工作 Being a doctor is a demanding job that requires long working hours.（当医生是份费力的工作，需要长时间工作。） 107 demanding task 艰巨的任务 Finishing this report in one day is a demanding task, but we can try.（一天内完成这份报告是项艰巨的任务，但我们可以试试。） 108 be demanding of sb 对某人要求高 Her parents are demanding of her, but they just want her to be better.（她父母对她要求高，但只是希望她变得更好。） 109 garbage dump 垃圾场 The city built a new garbage dump to handle the increasing waste.（这座城市建了一个新垃圾场，处理日益增多的垃圾。） 110 waste dump 废料场 The old factory’s waste dump was cleaned up to protect the nearby river.（旧工厂的废料场被清理干净，以保护附近的河流。） 111 take rubbish to the dump 把垃圾运到垃圾场 The cleaner takes the community’s rubbish to the dump every morning.（清洁工每天早上把社区的垃圾运到垃圾场。） 112 illiterate person 文盲 The government launched a program to help illiterate people learn to read and write.（政府推出了一个项目，帮助文盲学习读写。） 113 functionally illiterate 功能性文盲 Functionally illiterate people can read simple words but can’t understand complex texts.（功能性文盲能读简单的字，但看不懂复杂的文本。） 114 combat illiteracy 扫盲 Many volunteers went to rural areas to combat illiteracy in the 1990s.（20世纪90年代，很多志愿者去农村扫盲。） 115 attend a funeral 参加葬礼 He wore black clothes to attend his grandfather’s funeral.（他穿黑衣服参加了爷爷的葬礼。） 116 hold a funeral 举行葬礼 The family decided to hold a simple funeral for their beloved mother.（这家人决定为挚爱的母亲举行一场简单的葬礼。） 117 funeral ceremony 葬礼仪式 The funeral ceremony was held in the church with close family and friends.（葬礼仪式在教堂举行，只有亲密的家人和朋友参加。） 118 presidential candidate 总统候选人 Each presidential candidate presented their policies to the public.（每位总统候选人都向公众介绍了自己的政策。） 119 job candidate 求职者 The company interviewed 10 job candidates for the position.（这家公司为这个职位面试了10名求职者。） 120 select a candidate 挑选候选人 The committee will select a candidate based on their skills and experience.（委员会将根据技能和经验挑选候选人。） 121 call sb a coward 称某人为胆小鬼 It’s rude to call someone a coward just because they’re afraid of heights.（只是因为别人恐高就称他们为胆小鬼是不礼貌的。） 122 cowardly behavior 胆小的行为 Running away from the problem is a cowardly behavior.（逃避问题是种胆小的行为。） 123 overcome cowardice 克服胆怯 He tried to overcome his cowardice by joining the debate club.（他通过加入辩论社，努力克服自己的胆怯。） 124 arch one's back 弓背 The cat arched its back when it saw a dog nearby.（猫看到附近有狗，弓起了背。） 125 arch over the door 在门上方成弓形 The wooden structure arches over the door, making the entrance look beautiful.（木质结构在门上方成弓形，让入口看起来很漂亮。） 126 arch the eyebrows 皱眉头 She arched her eyebrows in surprise when she heard the news.（听到这个消息，她惊讶地皱起了眉头。） 127 competence in English 英语能力 Her competence in English helped her get a job in an international company.（她的英语能力帮她在一家国际公司找到了工作。） 128 professional competence 专业能力 Professional competence is more important than academic degrees in some jobs.（在一些工作中，专业能力比学历更重要。） 129 develop competence 培养能力 We can develop our communication competence by practicing speaking more.（我们可以通过多练习说话来培养沟通能力。） 130 by coincidence 巧合地 By coincidence, we met our old classmate at the train station.（巧合的是，我们在火车站遇到了老同学。） 131 strange coincidence 奇怪的巧合 It’s a strange coincidence that we both chose the same major in college.（我们在大学都选了同一个专业，真是奇怪的巧合。） 132 coincidence that we met 我们相遇的巧合 The coincidence that we met here made us believe it was fate.（我们在这里相遇的巧合，让我们相信这是命运。） 第 1 页 共 12 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $