内容正文:
25新七上英语U1-7单元语法重难点突破
(
Unit
1 You and
Me语法点
)
一、be动词的用法
be动词是英语中表示"是"的基础动词,在一般现在时中有三种形式:am, is, are。be动词的选择取决于主语 的人称和数。
be动词的基本用法:
1. am用于第一人称单数(I):
我是一名学生。I am a student.
我12岁了。I am twelve years old.
2. is用于第三人称单数(he,she, it及单数名词): 他是我的朋友。He is my friend.
这本书很有趣。This book is very interesting.
3. are用于第二人称(you)、第一人称复数(we)、第三人称复数(they)及复数名词: 你是一名老师。You are a teacher.
我们是同班同学。We are classmates.
这些苹果很甜。These apples are very sweet.
二、人称代词/物主代词
(1)形容词性物主代词表示所属关系,后面必须接名词。
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他/她/它们的
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
例句:
这是我的铅笔。This is my pencil.
那是她的书包。That is her schoolbag.
(2)人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式: 主格:在句子中作主语,通常位于句首。
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他/她/它们
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾格:在句子中作宾语,通常位于动词或介词后面。
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他/她/它们
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them
例句:
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
我喜欢英语。 I like English.
老师经常帮助我们。The teacher often helps us.
(3)be动词的缩写形式: 我是: I am = I'm
你是:you are = you're
他是: he is = he's 她是:she is = she's 它是:it is = it's
我们是:we are = we're 你们是:you are = you're
他们/她们/它们是:they are = they're 例句:
I'm from China.(我来自中国。)
They're good friends.(他们是好朋友。)
(
Unit 2
My
School语法点
)
一、实义动词一般现在时
实义动词是表示具体动作或状态的动词,在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数(he, she, it, 单数名词或单数 代词)时,动词需要用第三人称单数形式。
规则
动词原形
第三人称单数形式
一般情况加-s
like, play, help
likes, plays, helps
以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es
watch, wash, fix
watches, washes, fixes
以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加-es
study, fly, cry
studies, flies, cries
特殊变化
have, do, go
has, does, goes
例句:
1. I like English. (我喜欢英语。)
2. She likes Chinese. (她喜欢语文。)
3. They play football after school. (他们放学后踢足球。)
4. He plays basketball every day. (他每天打篮球。)
二、名词所有格
名词所有格表示"某人的"或"某物的",主要有两种形式:
形式
构成方法
例子
's所有格
1. 一般单数名词加's
2. 以s结尾的复数名词加'
3. 不以s结尾的复数名词加's
Tom's book(汤姆的书)
the teachers' office(老师们的办公室)
Children's Day(儿童节)
of所有格
用of连接两个名词
the name of the school(学校的名字) the door of the classroom(教室的门)
例句:
1. This is Tom's pencil. (这是汤姆的铅笔。)
2. There are many books in the library of our school. (我们学校的图书馆里有很多书。)
3. Today is Teachers' Day. (今天是教师节。)
(
Unit
3
My
Friends语法点
)
一、there be句型
there be句型表示"某地有某物/某人",其中be动词的形式要根据后面的主语来决定,遵循"就近原则"。
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
There is/are + 主语 + 地点状语
There is a book on the desk.
There are some students in the classroom.
否定句
There is/are not + 主语 + 地点状语
There isn't a pen in my bag.
There aren't any flowers in the garden.
一般疑问句
Is/Are there + 主语 + 地点状语?
Is there a library in your school?
Are there any computers in the room?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + is/are there + 地点状语?
What's there on the table?
How many students are there in your class?
就近原则:当there be句型中有多个主语时,be动词的形式由离它最近的主语来决定。 例句:
1. There is a book and two pens on the desk. (桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。)
2. There are two pens and a book on the desk. (桌子上有两支钢笔和一本书。)
(
Unit 4
My
Family语法点
)
一、连词and/but/because
连词是用来连接单词、短语或句子的词,常用的有and(和,并且), but(但是), because(因为)。
连词
用法
例句
and
表示并列或顺承关系
I like apples and bananas. He is tall and strong.
but
表示转折关系
She is beautiful but lazy. I want to go, but I'm busy.
because
表示原因
I like summer because I can swim. He is late because he misses the bus.
例句:
1. My father is a teacher and my mother is a doctor. (我的爸爸是老师,妈妈是医生。)
2. I like English but I don't like math. (我喜欢英语但不喜欢数学。)
3. We can't go out because it's raining. (因为下雨,我们不能出去。)
(
Unit
5
My
Room语法点
)
一、情态动词can
情态动词can表示"能够,可以",后面接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他
I can sing.
She can dance.
否定句
主语 + can not/can't + 动词原形 + 其他
He can't swim.
They can't play football.
一般疑问句
Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
Can you speak English? Can he play the piano?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + can + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
What can you do? How can I get there?
例句:
1. I can play the guitar. (我会弹吉他。)
2. She can't speak Chinese. (她不会说中文。)
3. Can you help me? (你能帮我吗?)
4. What can he do? (他能做什么?)
(
Unit 6
My School
Day语法点
)
一、时间表达
英语中时间的表达方式主要有两种:12小时制和24小时制。
时间
12小时制表达
24小时制表达
整点
基数词 + o'clock
基数词
半点
half past + 基数词
基数词:30
几点几分(分钟≤30)
分钟数 + past + 小时数
小时数:分钟数
几点几分(分钟>30)
(60-分钟数) + to + (小时数+1)
小时数:分钟数
例句:
1. It's seven o'clock in the morning. (现在是早上七点。)
2. School starts at half past eight. (学校八点半开始上课。)
3. We have lunch at twelve ten. (我们十二点十分吃午饭。)
4. The film begins at a quarter to seven. (电影六点四十五分开始。)
二、频度副词
频度副词表示动作发生的频率,常见的有always(总是), usually(通常), often(经常), sometimes(有时), never(从不)。
频度副词
频率
位置
例句
always
100%
be动词后,实义动词前
He is always late.
usually
80%
be动词后,实义动词前
She usually goes to school by bus.
often
60%
be动词后,实义动词前
They often play football after school.
sometimes
30%
句首或句中
Sometimes I watch TV in the evening.
never
0%
be动词后,实义动词前
I never eat junk food.
例句:
1. I always get up at six thirty. (我总是六点半起床。)
2. She usually does her homework after dinner. (她通常晚饭后做作业。)
3. They often go to the park on Sundays. (他们经常在周日去公园。)
4. Sometimes we go swimming in the river. (有时我们去河里游泳。)
5. He never plays computer games. (他从不玩电脑游戏。)
(
Unit 7
My
Birthday语法点
)
一、一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday(昨天), last week(上周), ago(以前)等。
规则
动词原形
过去式
一般情况加-ed
play, walk, watch
played, walked, watched
以e结尾加-d
like, live, love
liked, lived, loved
以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加-ed
study, cry, try
studied, cried, tried
重读闭音节结尾,双写最后一个辅音字母加-ed
stop, plan, drop
stopped, planned, dropped
动词原形
过去式
动词原形
过去式
am/is
was
are
were
do
did
go
went
have
had
eat
ate
see
saw
take
took
come
came
say
said
一般过去时的句型:
1. 肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他
例句: I went to the park yesterday. (我昨天去了公园。)
2. 否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他
例句: She didn't watch TV last night. (她昨晚没看电视。)
3. 一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例句: Did you have a goodtime? (你玩得开心吗?)
4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 例句: What did you do last weekend? (你上周末做了什么?)
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