摘要:
该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了必修三Unit3词汇内容,涵盖39个核心单词及短语,涉及词义辨析、搭配用法、词形变化等知识范畴,为学生搭建了从基础词义理解到语境灵活应用的递进式学习支架。
清单通过“音标-词义-近义词-例句-拓展”多维呈现知识体系,如diverse标注近义词various并配“people from diverse cultures”例句,admit详解“承认/准许进入”等多义项及“be admitted to”搭配,培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特别标注重点词形变化(如seek过去式sought)和实用句型(如occur的“It occurred to me that”),不同层次学生可高效掌握,教师可直接用于词汇教学,提升课堂效率。
内容正文:
2025.3.20必修三 unit3 单词笔记
1.diverse/daɪˈvɜːs/ adj.不同的,各式各样的==various people from diverse cultures不同文化背景的人
My interests are very diverse.我的兴趣非常广泛。
diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/==variety the biological diversity of the rainforests热带雨林的生物多样性
2.fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n.时运,命运;好运,机遇;财富,巨款;未来,前途
By a stroke of fortune he found work almost immediately.他运气好,几乎立刻找到了工作。
Fortune smiled on me (= I had good luck) .我交了好运。 make a fortune misfortune unfortunately
3.chip/tʃɪp/ n.炸薯条,炸薯片;芯片 potato chips炸土豆片 a computer chip
4.spicy /ˈspaɪsi/ adj.加有香料的,辛辣的;刺激的 I can't eat very spicy food because it makes my mouth burn.
5.ethnic /ˈeθnɪk/ 民族的 Ethnic minorities in this country have their own unique cultures and traditions.
6.admit /ədˈmɪt/ “承认;准许进入;接纳;容纳” 后接名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句 He admitted his mistake.
Rose admitted having stolen the money. I have to admit that I was wrong.
He was admitted to the university after passing the entrance exam. Two crash victims were admitted to the local hospital.
This hall can admit about 1000 people. admission charges/prices 入场费╱票价 £5 admission入场费5英镑
7.definitely [ˈdefɪnətli] 肯定地;确定地;明确地:用来强调对某事的肯定态度,表明没有疑问。
I can definitely say that he is the best candidate for this job.(我可以肯定地说,他是这份工作的最佳人选。)
8.occur v. /əˈkɜː(r)/ “发生;出现;存在” 发生:指事情、事件等在特定的时间和地点出现或产生,通常用于描述意外的、非计划中的事情。
The accident occurred at the crossroads.(事故发生在十字路口。)
出现:可用于指想法、念头等出现在脑海中,或某种现象出现在视野中。A good idea occurred to me.(我想到了一个好主意。)
“突然被某人想到”It occurred to me that I had left my keys at home.(我突然想起我把钥匙落在家里了。)
9.downtown 名词,形容词和副词 名词 “市中心区;商业区”,通常指城市的商业、金融和文化中心区域。
I work in the downtown of the city.(我在城市的市中心工作。) They went shopping downtown.(他们去市中心购物。)
形容词 “市中心的;商业区的” There are many tall buildings in the downtown area.(市中心地区有许多高楼大厦。)
副词 “在市中心;往市中心”,用来描述动作发生的地点或方向。 She lives downtown.(她住在市中心。)
10.mission /ˈmɪʃ(ə)n/ 名词 使命;任务:被赋予的特定职责或目标,常与动词 “accomplish”“fulfill” 等搭配,表示 “完成使命”。
The astronaut's mission was to conduct scientific experiments in space.(宇航员的任务是在太空进行科学实验。)
11.seek /siːk/ 动词 过去式和过去分词形式为 “sought” 寻找;寻求
表示努力寻找某人或某物,以获得或达到某种目的。He is seeking a job in the city.(他正在城里找工作。)
谋求;争取 常用来指试图获得某种事物,如支持、帮助、解决方案等。
The company is seeking new opportunities for growth.(公司正在谋求新的发展机会。)She sought advice from her teacher.(她向老师征求意见。)
试图;设法 后接动词不定式,表示试图做某事。He sought to improve his English by practicing every day.
“seek after”(追求;寻找) “seek for”(寻求;寻找)==look for People always seek after happiness and health.
They are seeking for a way to solve the problem.
12.earn /ɜːn/ 动词 赚得;挣得 表示通过工作、劳动或投资等方式获得金钱或其他报酬。
He earns a high salary as a software engineer.(他作为一名软件工程师挣得高薪。) She earns her living by teaching piano.(她靠教钢琴谋生。)
获得;赢得 因自身的努力、成就或品质而得到某种东西,如荣誉、名声、奖励等。
His hard work earned him a promotion.(他的努力工作为他赢得了晋升。) Her kindness earned her many friends.
The team earned a reputation for being tough competitors.(这个团队因是强劲的竞争对手而获得了声誉。)
13.immigrant /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/名词 移民;侨民 The United States has many immigrants from all over the world.(美国有许多来自世界各地的移民。)
14.select /sɪˈlekt/ 既可作动词,也可作形容词 动词 选择;挑选 从多个选项或事物中进行挑选,选出符合特定标准或个人意愿的对象。
She selected a dress for the party.(她为派对选了一条裙子。)
选拔;推选 常用于从一群人中挑选出特定的个体,以担任某种职务、参加某项活动等。They selected him to be the team leader.
15. diagram /ˈdaɪəɡræm/ 名词 “图表;示意图;图解”,通常是用图形、线条、符号等直观地展示事物的结构、关系、流程等信息。
The diagram shows the process of how a plant grows.(这幅图表展示了植物生长的过程。)
You can refer to the wiring diagram when you install the electrical equipment.(安装电气设备时你可以参考接线图。)
16.bring about 动词短语 “导致;引起;使发生”,强调引发某种结果或变化。
The new policy brought about many changes in the company.(新政策给公司带来了许多变化。)
Scientists are trying to find out what brought about the extinction of the dinosaurs.(科学家们试图找出是什么导致了恐龙的灭绝。)
17.claim /kleɪm/ 动词,名词 动词 声称;宣称;断言:表示某人主张或断言某事是真实的,通常没有确凿的证据。
He claimed that he had seen a UFO.(他声称自己看到了不明飞行物。)
所有权;索赔:表示对某物拥有的权利,或因损失、伤害等提出的赔偿要求。
He filed a claim with the insurance company after the accident.(事故发生后,他向保险公司提出了索赔。)
18.apart from 除…… 之外(还有);此外:相当于 “besides”“in addition to”,表示在整体中包含后面所提到的事物。
Apart from his salary, he also has a bonus every month.(除了工资之外,他每个月还有奖金。)
Apart from English, she can speak French and Spanish.(除了英语之外,她还会说法语和西班牙语。)
Apart from the ending, it's a really good movie.(除了结尾部分,这真是一部好电影。)
19.minority 名词 少数 少数民族The government has taken many measures to protect the rights of minorities. 反义词 majority
20.escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ 逃脱;逃离 指从危险、困境或被限制的地方成功地跑出来或摆脱掉。The prisoner escaped from the jail last night.
避免;躲避:常指避免不愉快的事情或危险发生在自己身上。He was lucky to escape the accident.(他很幸运,躲过了那场事故。)
逃跑;逃脱 The thief made his escape through the back door.(小偷从后门逃走了。)
21.financial /faɪˈnænʃ(ə)l/ “财政的;财务的;金融的” finance /ˈfaɪnæns/
The government has taken a series of financial measures to stimulate the economy.(政府采取了一系列财政措施来刺激经济。)
Our company is facing some financial difficulties this year.(我们公司今年面临一些财务困难。)
“financial crisis”(金融危机)、“financial management”(财务管理)、“financial support”(财政支持)
22.mushroom /ˈmʌʃrʊm/ 名词、形容词和动词
名词 蘑菇,伞菌:指可食用或不可食用的真菌类生物 Some mushrooms are good to eat; some are poisonous.(有些蘑菇可食用,有些则有毒)。
形容词 蘑菇的;蘑菇形的:用于描述与蘑菇相关或形状像蘑菇的事物。如 “a mushroom-shaped lamp”(蘑菇形的灯)。
迅速生长的:表示增长速度很快,像蘑菇生长一样迅速。 “a mushroom growth of the city”(城市的迅速发展)。
动词 迅速增长;大量涌现:强调数量或规模快速扩大。“Interest in local history is suddenly mushrooming.”(对当地历史的兴趣突然大增)。
23.poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ 名词 “毒药;毒物” Some snakes inject poison when they bite.(有些蛇咬人时会注入毒液。)
动词 “毒害;使中毒” Someone tried to poison the dog.(有人试图毒死这条狗。) What is food to one man may be poison to another.
poisonous /ˈpɔɪznəs/ 形容词 “有毒的;有害的” This plant is poisonous if eaten.(这种植物吃了有毒。)
24.fold /fəʊld/ 过去式 / 过去分词 folded 现在分词 folding 动词 “折叠;对折” Fold the paper along the dotted line.(沿虚线折叠纸张。)
“抱住;包” She folded her arms.(她双臂交叉抱在胸前。) 名词 “褶;褶层” There is a fold in the curtain.(窗帘上有个褶。)
unfold /ʌnˈfəʊld/ 过去式 / 过去分词 unfolded 现在分词 unfolding 动词 “展开;打开” He unfolded the map on the table.(他在桌子上展开地图。)
“(故事、情节等)展开;呈现” The story unfolds slowly.(故事慢慢展开。)
25.super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ 形容词 “超级的;极好的”,常用于口语 We had a super time at the party.(我们在聚会上玩得超级开心。)
名词 “特级品;特大号” I want a super size of fries.(我要一份超大号的薯条。)
26.collection /kəˈlekʃn/ 名词 “收藏品;收集物” He has a large collection of coins.(他收藏了大量的硬币。)
“募捐;募集” We are having a collection for the homeless.(我们正在为无家可归者募捐。)
27.accessory /əkˈsesəri/ 复数:accessories名词 “配件;附件;装饰品” The accessories of the computer include a mouse and a keyboard.(电脑的配件包括)
This dress looks more beautiful with some accessories.(这条裙子配上一些饰品看起来更漂亮。)
28.percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/ 名词 “百分比;百分率” What percentage of students passed the exam?(通过考试的学生占百分之多少?)
29.climate /ˈklaɪmət/ 名词 “气候” The climate in this area is very changeable.(这个地区的气候多变。)
“氛围;环境气氛” The political climate is not good for business.(政治氛围不利于商业发展。)
30.mild /maɪld/ 形容词 “温和的;轻微的;温柔的” The weather is mild today.(今天天气温和。) He has a mild temper.(他脾气温和。)
31.settle /ˈsetl/ 动词 “解决” They finally settled the problems.(他们最终解决了争端。)
“定居;使定居” His family settled in Canada.(他的家人定居在加拿大。)
32.construct /kənˈstrʌkt/ 词形变化:过去式 / 过去分词 constructed 现在分词 constructing
动词 “建造;构造;创立” They are constructing a new bridge.(他们正在建造一座新桥。) We need to construct a new theory.(我们需要创立一种新理论。)
construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/ 名词 “建造;建筑物;解释” The construction of the building took two years.(这座建筑物的建造花了两年时间。)
The building has been under construction for several months.(这座大楼已经施工了好几个月。)
The new hotel is a fine example of modern construction.(这家新酒店是现代建筑的典范。)
33.material /məˈtɪəriəl/ 名词 “材料;原料;素材” Wood is a common building material.(木材是一种常见的建筑材料。)
34.to name but a few “仅举几例”,用于列举事物时,表示还有很多类似的事物没有全部列出。
There are many famous cities in China, Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, to name but a few.(中国有很多著名的城市,仅举几例,有北京、上海、广州。)
35.suit /suːt/ 动词 “适合;使适应” This job suits him very well.(这份工作很适合他。)
名词 “套装” He looks very handsome in that suit.(他穿那套西装看起来很帅。)
suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ 形容词 “合适的;适宜的”常与 for 搭配 This book is suitable for children.(这本书适合儿童阅读。)
36.item /ˈaɪtəm/ 名词 “项目;条款;一件商品(或物品)” There are many items on the shopping list.(购物清单上有很多物品。)
The first item on the agenda is very important.(议程上的第一个项目很重要。)
37.contain /kənˈteɪn/ 动词 “包含;容纳” The box contains many toys.(盒子里装着许多玩具。)
The bottle contains 500ml of water. (这个瓶子能装500毫升水。) The stadium can contain 50,000 people. (这个体育场可容纳5万人。)
“控制;抑制” She couldn't contain her excitement.(她无法抑制自己的兴奋。)
38.neat /niːt/ 形容词 “整洁的;整齐的;灵巧的” 描述事物整齐、干净或方式简洁高效。 His handwriting is very neat.(他的字写得很工整。)
He is a neat worker.(他做事干净利落。) His room is always neat and tidy. (他的房间总是整洁干净。)
She gave a neat solution to the problem. (她对这个问题提出了简洁的解决方案。) neat and tidy (干净整洁)
39.tidy /ˈtaɪdi/ 词形变化:比较级 tidier,最高级 tidiest,过去式 / 过去分词 tidied,现在分词 tidying
形容词 “整洁的;整齐的” Keep your room tidy.(保持你的房间整洁。)
动词 “使整洁;使整齐” Tidy your toys up, please.(请把你的玩具整理好。)
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