Unit 5 Natural Wonders in the world- 直接引语与间接引语（讲+练）-《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版）

直接引语与间接引语 《英语 基础模块3》（高教版2023修订版） Unit 5 Natural Wonders in the world 语法 03 状语及其他词的变化 04 句型的变化 05 巩固练习 目录 01 人称的变化 02 时态的变化 （动画）邀请你掌握： （动画）学会判断祈使句的方法 （动画）用祈使句发出指令或表达禁止 （动画）区别“祈使句+and+陈述句”和“祈使句+or+陈述句” 2 Lead in 什么是引语？ 引语：引用别人的话 引语 间接引语 直接引语 直接引述别人的话 用自己的话转述别人的话 eg. Nezha said, “I want to save the villagers.” eg. Nezha said that he wanted to save the villagers. 用逗号和引号（“”）把别人的话括起来。 不用引号，用宾语从句来表达。 （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 人称的变化 1. 一随主（直接引语中的第一人称，需随主句主语的人称变化。） 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变 Nezha said, “My spear is very powerful.” Nezha said his spear was very powerful. 人称的变化 2. 二随宾（第二人称需与主句的宾语人称一致。） 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变 Ao Bing asked Nezha, “How do you control your fire?” Ao Bing asked Nezha how he controlled his fire. 人称的变化 3. 三不变（第三人称不变） 人称变化规则：一随主、二随宾、三不变 Nezha said to Ao Bing, “They need help.” ANezha told Ao Bing that they needed help. 时态的变化 1. 一般现在时→一般过去时： 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 Ao Bing said, “Nezha is brave.” Ao Bing said Nezha was brave. 时态的变化 2. 一般过去时→过去完成时： 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 Nezha told Ao Bing, “I defeated the sea monster yesterday.” Nezha told Ao Bing he had defeated the sea monster the day before. 时态的变化 3. 现在进行时→过去进行时： 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 Ao Bing said, “I'm practicing ice magic.” Ao Bing said that he was practicing ice magic. 时态的变化 4. 一般将来时→过去将来时： 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 Nezha said, “I will protect the town after dark.” Nezha said that he would protect the town after dark. 时态的变化 5. 现在完成时→过去完成时： 时态变化规则：间接引语时态需与主句时态一致。 They said, “we have not heard from Lily since May.” They said that they had not heard from Lily since May. 时态不变的情况 1.当主句的动词时态是现在的时态（一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时）或将来时时，间接引语中的时态不变。 He will say, “The girl was very beautiful.” He will tell you that the girl was very beautiful. 时态不变的情况 2.如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。 He asked, “Which star is the biggest?” He asked which star is the biggest. 时态不变的情况 3.当直接引语中的一般过去时与表示过去特定时间的状语连用时，转化为间接引语时时态不变。 He said, “I was born in 1990 and joined the army in 2008.” He said that he was born in 1990 and joined the army in 2008. 状语的变化 here→there 1.地点状语 Nezha said, “I will stay here to protect the village”. Nezha said he would stay there to protect the village. 状语的变化 三个现在 2.时间状语 now→then 三个过去 两个将来 today→that day tonight→that night yesterday→the day before ago→before last…→the…before next…→the next… tomorrow→the next day / the following day 状语的变化 2.时间状语 Ao Bing said, “I am practicing ice magic now.” Ao Bing said he was practicing ice magic then. Ao Bing said, “I learned ice magic two years ago.” Ao Bing said he had learned ice magic two years before. 状语的变化 2.时间状语 Nezha said, “I visited Chentangguan last week.” Nezha said he had visited Chentangguan the week before. Ao Bing said, “I will go to the East Sea next month.” Ao Bing said he would go to the East Sea the next month. 指示代词的变化 this→that 指示代词 Ao Bing said, “This spear is powerful.” Ao Bing said that spear was powerful. 指示代词的变化 指示代词 Nezha said, “These villagers need help.” Nezha said those villagers needed help. these→those 方向性动词的变化 bring→take 方向性动词 Ao Bing said, “I will bring you ice to cool down.” Ao Bing said he would take him ice to cool down. 方向性动词的变化 come→go 方向性动词 Nezha said, “I will come to your place.” Nezha said he would go to his place. 句型的变化 规则 1. 直接引语为陈述句 Nezha said, “I have mastered the Fire-tipped Spear.” Nezha said (that) he had mastered the Fire-tipped Spear. 去逗号去引号 加 that（可省略） 遵循 “三变原则”（变人称、变时态、变状语）。 句型的变化 规则 2. 直接引语为一般疑问句 Nezha asked Ao Bing, “Will you stand with me against injustice?” Nezha asked Ao Bing whether/if he would stand with him against injustice. 去逗号去引号 加引导词 if/whether（不可省略） 遵循 “三变原则”（变人称、变时态、变状语）。 变为陈述语序（将 be / 情态 / 助动词移到主语后，省 do/does/did，谓语动词做时态变化） 句型的变化 规则 3. 直接引语为特殊疑问句 Nezha asked, “How does Ao Bing control ice magic?” Nezha asked how Ao Bing controlled ice magic. 去逗号去引号 引导词为原特殊疑问词 遵循 “三变原则”（变人称、变时态、变状语）。 变陈述语序（特殊疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + 其他） 句型的变化 特殊情况 1：含 Could you/Would you/Might I 的引语 Ao Bing asked, “Could you tell me where the Dragon King’s Palace is?” Ao Bing asked could you tell him where the Dragon King’s Palace is. 这些表达不表过去时态，仅表语气委婉，从句时态不受影响。 句型的变化 特殊情况 2：引语为 “What's the matter with…? / What's wrong with…?” Nezha asked, “What’s the matter with your ice power, Ao Bing?” Nezha asked what was the matter with Ao Bing's ice power. 特殊疑问词后语序不变，只需调整人称和时态。 巩固练习 一、完成句子 1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat. 2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______. he ate told had found his she had taken rise goes told had before （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 巩固练习 二、单选题 1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school. A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring 2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass. A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing 3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school? A. Do you know how B. Why do you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why 4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before? A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how 5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off. A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go D B D A B （动画）刚进入博物院，大家就看到了精美的金蝉玉叶，他们不禁赞叹。 （动画）Be quiet, teens. Raise your hand if you have any questions. （动画）接下来，大报恩寺琉璃塔拱门。 （动画）Be careful. No touching, please. （动画）现在来看，达摩渡江刺绣图。 （动画）No photos with flash, please. 因为闪关灯的光照会导致织物纤维破裂。 直接引语与间接引语 03 状语及其他词的变化 04 句型的变化 01 人称的变化 02 时态的变化 一起总结一下今日所学 （动画）判断句子是否为祈使句，需确认其是否： （动画）发出指令 （动画）主语省略 （动画）动词原形开头 （动画）祈使句的肯定形式有三种： （动画）do型 （动画）be型 （动画）let型 （动画）祈使句的否定形式： （动画）don’t + do型/be型/let型 （动画）no+动词ing型 （动画）以及祈使句+and/or+陈述句的用法区别： （动画）照这样做，and结果很美好 （动画）得这样做，or结果不如人意。 今天的内容就到这里。我们下次见。 $