期中复习之完形填空10篇（Units1-3单元话题）-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（沪教版五四学制2024）

期中复习之完形填空10篇 （Units1-3单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Water 水资源与环境保护 Unit 2 Digital life 科学技术与发明创造 Unit 3 Curious minds 好奇心 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应3-4篇单元话题专题训练 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语选项完成短文) Dear Environmental Scientists, My name is Wang Li. I am writing to express my 1 about the destruction (破坏) of the wetland in my local area. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is lots of rain and sunshine, too. Wetlands are really good places for wildlife to live. However, offering food and homes to some animals and plants isn’t the only reason why we should protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can also help stop floods. When I was a child, the wetland near my home was a beautiful ecosystem. It 2 a peaceful place for people to relax. I spent hours watching the water birds and other wildlife in the wetland at that time. Unluckily, over the years, the wetland has been slowly destructed by human activities. Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. 3 , road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem. The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave. This has had a huge influence on the water birds that 4 wetlands for a living. It’s time to protect the wetland. But how can we 5 people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the wetland? I hope you can give me some suggestions. I hope everyone can take action to protect the wetland in our local area and make it as beautiful as it 6 be. Sincerely, Wang Li 1．A．interest B．knowledge C．worry D．courage 2．A．compared B．provided C．changed D．chose 3．A．In addition B．However C．Instead D．Therefore 4．A．care about B．depend on C．prepare for D．respond to 5．A．imagine B．control C．guess D．raise 6．A．used to B．is used to C．get used to D．used for Water is one of the most precious resources on our planet. It is essential for all forms of life. Every day, we use water in countless ways, from drinking and cooking to cleaning and industry. Our bodies are made up mostly of water, and we need to 1 enough water every day to stay healthy. A lack of water can lead to various health problems, such as dehydration, which can affect our physical and mental 2 . In nature, water plays a crucial role in the ecosystem. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are homes to a vast number of plants and animals. Water also helps in the 3 of nutrients in the soil, which is vital for plant growth. However, with the rapid growth of the population and the development of industry, water pollution has become a serious 4 . Chemicals from factories, waste from cities, and agricultural runoff all lead to the contamination of water sources. This not only endangers the lives of aquatic creatures but also has a direct impact on our own health when we use polluted water. To solve this problem, we need to take 5 measures. We can start by reducing our water usage in daily life, such as fixing leaky faucets and using water-saving appliances. At the same time, governments and industries should also take responsibility for treating wastewater before it is 6 into the environment. 1．A．take off B．take in C．take out D．take over 2．A．activities B．situations C．conditions D．positions 3．A．transportation B．translation C．transformation D．transition 4．A．question B．matter C．problem D．issue 5．A．several B．few C．little D．much 6．A．poured B．dropped C．spread D．flowed Water is an 23 resource that is often taken for granted. It is everywhere around us, from the 24 we drink to the oceans that cover a large part of the Earth. However, not all water is the same. Fresh water, which is essential for human survival, is relatively scarce. Only a small percentage of the Earth’s water is fresh water that is 25 for us to use. Most of it is locked in glaciers or underground. We rely on this fresh water for many aspects of our daily lives, like cooking, cleaning, and irrigating crops. Water also has a significant impact on the environment. Human civilization 26 the habitats of many plants and animals. Wetlands, for example, are areas full of water that support a diverse range of species. These areas act as natural filters, 27 the water and making it cleaner. Unfortunately, water pollution is a growing problem. Industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, and improper sewage disposal are 28 our water sources. If we don’t take steps to protect water, we will face serious consequences for both our own health and the health of the planet. 1．A．ordinary B．invaluable C．unnecessary D．abundant 2．A．juice B．milk C．water D．coffee 3．A．accessible B．expensive C．useless D．salty 4．A．destroys B．ignores C．creates D．abandons 5．A．polluting B．heating C．cooling D．purifying 6．A．protecting B．enriching C．contaminating D．improving In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join 1 . In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage (垃圾) lunches. How much garbage do you throw away 2 lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again. Every week, they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-car day. On the no-car day, 3 comes to school in a car. Neither the students nor the teachers! Cars give pollution to the air. 4 remember: walk, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! 5 the water! Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic (立方) metres of water an hour? In a year, to our surprise, that can 6 a small river! In environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets themselves. We love the environment. Let’s work together and make it clean. 1．A．no-car day B．environment clubs C．no-garbage lunches D．music groups 2．A．since B．until C．before D．after 3．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 4．A．So B．And C．But D．Or 5．A．Turn on B．Turn up C．Turn off D．Turn down 6．A．fill B．produce C．manage D．change Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) It was fantastic to go to the Science Museum to see an exhibition about driverless vehicles (交通工具). Before my visit to the museum, I didn’t know much about vehicles that drive themselves using computer controls. Driverless cars might seem like something from 1 , but they’ve been around longer than we think. I learned that the first of them appeared years ago. It was a car called the Citroen DS19, which appeared back in 1960. It drove itself by 2 a network of cables (电缆) buried underground. Driverless vehicles have developed a lot since then. Newer ones are used for different purposes, like helping farmers by picking crops, or helping scientists by exploring under the ice. The exhibition was organized into three different areas. Each one 3 a different subject. The first was called “Land.” I was able to look at how driverless vehicles were already being used on land, and possible developments that would happen in the future. The issue of 4 is a big one. How can a driverless car make the right choices that a human makes in an emergency situation? Scientists are working on ways to solve this problem. I understood more about how difficult it was when I was playing with the interactive displays (交互式显示屏). Doing this let me see the world through the “eyes” of a driverless car. It’s very 5 to program a computer to make the decisions a human driver usually makes. In the zone called “Water,” driverless vehicles are being used to make maps of the sea floor and to understand how climate change is affecting the oceans. And in the final area, “ 6 ,” I learned about the flying drones (无人机) that are being developed to deliver products, but not just for shoppers. They’re also important for things like medical emergencies. The whole exhibition was incredibly interesting and made for a great day out 1．A．classical dramas B．historical records C．sci-fi novels D．travel magazines 2．A．collecting B．exchanging C．following D．separating 3．A．focused on B．held on C．lived on D．relied on 4．A．honesty B．quality C．reality D．safety 5．A．cheap B．fast C．hard D．simple 6．A．Air B．Care C．Sport D．War ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language model: GPT-4. On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT-3.5. One of its best new features is that it can 1 pictures. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny. But GPT-4’s developments don’t 2 there. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes, and produce the code and layout (布局) for a website based on a hand-made drawing. It can also change the tone (语气) and style based on what you ask it to do. GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests, which may worry 3 . According to CNN, GPT-4 did really well on a law school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent. GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services. 4 , the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function (功能). Users can learn language by talking with AI. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people better understand the world around them. The government of Iceland also plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language. There are still problems with the new language model, however. GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers, 5 with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, meaning that it will insist that 6 information is true. 1．A．draw B．express C．understand D．support 2．A．complete B．limit C．observe D．stop 3．A．graduates B．staff C．teachers D．partners 4．A．In addition B．As a result C．In fact D．For example 5．A．even B．exactly C．especially D．actually 6．A．serious B．precious C．regular D．wrong When people wanted to find their way to a place in the past, they used to have to buy a map. They don’t have to do that anymore. Now they can either buy a GPS or go online and find maps for just about 1 . Is this an 2 ? Perhaps, but some people think some of the online companies are going too far because they have been sending out cars with photographic equipment on their roofs to photograph every street and house in the country. One of these cars arrives on a Wednesday morning in the quiet English village of Broughton. The camera was placed on a meter-high pole on top of the car and could see over walls and into people’s gardens. Some of the villagers came and stood around the car, asking the drivers and photographer to 3 . Journalists quickly arrived on the scene, and soon the event was news all over the country. The online company claims that it is simply collecting information that people on the internet want. But Broughton residents see it 4 . “We used to have privacy in this country—now companies just come and take photographs of our homes without even asking,” said one resident. “It’s not right. We shouldn’t let this happen. We mustn’t lose our 5 to live privately.” There is, of course, no law to prevent people from taking photographs of houses, so the residents cannot go to court. But many people are asking the question: “OK, it’s 6 , but is it right?” This is a question that will remain for a long time. 1．A．anything B．anyone C．anytime D．anywhere 2．A．emotion B．improvement C．explanation D．adjustment 3．A．go away B．take away C．run away D．move away 4．A．essentially B．differently C．curiously D．seriously 5．A．chance B．ability C．temper D．right 6．A．acceptable B．available C．legal D．common Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） Jack, a ten-year-old boy full of curiosity, always wants to explore and learn new things. One day the family’s fridge started making strange noises. Jack 1 the problem and decided to fix it himself. However, the repair didn’t go as planned. When Dad 2 the repair would cost $200, he thought it was a chance to make Jack understand the 3 of responsibility. So he asked Jack to pay back every cent. Jack agreed. A few days later, Jack told his father that he had found a job as a paperboy to pay back the money. One evening at dinner Jack got angry all of a sudden. Dad decided to talk with Jack privately. Jack explained that he was tired from selling newspapers. He did the job just to make money. Dad 4 his own unhappy day in his work. He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer. 5 he had his bad day, Dad pointed out that he hadn’t taken his anger out on the family. Jack realized his 6 and said sorry to everyone. This experience touched Jack. From that day on, no matter what he went through, he never took his anger out on his friends or family again. The best education is leading by example. 1．A．caused B．noticed C．solved D．connected 2．A．found out B．heard from C．cared about D．looked for 3．A．method B．experience C．importance D．secret 4．A．hated B．forgot C．shared D．liked 5．A．Though B．If C．When D．Because 6．A．dream B．difficulty C．mistake D．chance Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的内容完成短文) You would see mountains and valleys if you looked at the Moon through a telescope (望远镜). If you looked at the planet Jupiter, you would see its moons. Galileo was the first person to see these things 1 a telescope. Galileo did not invent the telescope. It was first made by a Dutch lensmaker (镜片制造人). But Galileo improved the design so he was 2 to study the stars and planets closely. Some people call him the first astronomer (天文学家). As he studied the sky, Galileo found proof that the planets orbit (沿轨道运行) around the Sun. He was not the first person to believe this, but he was the first to prove that it was true. People of that time believed that Earth was the centre of the universe and 3 in space moved around Earth. Galileo got into trouble with the government and the church for saying that what they believed was wrong. He had to 4 what he said or else he would have gone to jail. Galileo was more than an astronomer. He was an inventor as well. He invented the first thermometre (温度计). His thermometre did not measure exact temperatures, 5 it did show if a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature. He invented a compass that was used for aiming cannonballs (炮弹) shot out of a cannon. Later the compass was used to survey land. He 6 a device that used a horse and buckets to raise water. This was used for irrigation (灌溉). Galileo thought about the world in a new way. Before Galileo, people did not run experiments or 7 their ideas. It was enough just to think about ideas. Galileo wanted to try out his ideas and see if they worked in the world. Galileo was one of the first real scientists. 1．A．through B．by C．in D．on 2．A．ready B．able C．eager D．likely 3．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 4．A．take off B．take up C．take back D．take away 5．A．so B．and C．but D．or 6．A．invented B．invited C．uncovered D．explored 7．A．explore B．question C．study D．test Choose the best words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） You would see mountains and valleys if you looked at the Moon through a telescope (望远镜). If you looked at the planet Jupiter, you would see its moons. Galileo was the first person to see these things through a telescope. Galileo did not 1 the telescope. It was first made by a Dutch lensmaker (镜片制造人). But Galileo improved the design so he was 2 to study the stars and planets closely. Some people call him the first astronomer (天文学家). As he studied the sky, Galileo found proof that the planets orbit (沿轨道运行) around the Sun. He was not the first person to believe this, but he was the first to prove that it was true. People of that time believed that Earth was the centre of the universe and 3 in space moved around Earth. Galileo got into trouble with the government and the church for saying that what they believed was wrong. He had to 4 what he said or else he would have gone to jail. Galileo was more than an astronomer. He was an inventor as well. He invented the first thermometer (温度计). His thermometer did not measure exact temperatures, 5 it did show if a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature. He invented a compass that was used for aiming cannonballs (炮弹) shot out of a cannon. Later the compass was used to survey land. He invented a device that used a horse and buckets to raise water. This was used for irrigation (灌溉). Galileo thought about the world in a new way. Before Galileo, people did not run experiments or 6 their ideas. It was enough just to think about ideas. Galileo wanted to try out his ideas and see if they worked in the world. Galileo was one of the first real scientists. 1．A．invent B．discover C．build D．use 2．A．ready B．able C．eager D．likely 3．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 4．A．take off B．take up C．take back D．take away 5．A．so B．and C．but D．or 6．A．explore B．question C．study D．test 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复习之完形填空10篇 （Units1-3单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Water 水资源与环境保护 Unit 2 Digital life 科学技术与发明创造 Unit 3 Curious minds 好奇心 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应3-4篇单元话题专题训练 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语选项完成短文) Dear Environmental Scientists, My name is Wang Li. I am writing to express my 1 about the destruction (破坏) of the wetland in my local area. The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is lots of rain and sunshine, too. Wetlands are really good places for wildlife to live. However, offering food and homes to some animals and plants isn’t the only reason why we should protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they can also help stop floods. When I was a child, the wetland near my home was a beautiful ecosystem. It 2 a peaceful place for people to relax. I spent hours watching the water birds and other wildlife in the wetland at that time. Unluckily, over the years, the wetland has been slowly destructed by human activities. Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. 3 , road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem. The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave. This has had a huge influence on the water birds that 4 wetlands for a living. It’s time to protect the wetland. But how can we 5 people’s awareness of the importance of protecting the wetland? I hope you can give me some suggestions. I hope everyone can take action to protect the wetland in our local area and make it as beautiful as it 6 be. Sincerely, Wang Li 1．A．interest B．knowledge C．worry D．courage 2．A．compared B．provided C．changed D．chose 3．A．In addition B．However C．Instead D．Therefore 4．A．care about B．depend on C．prepare for D．respond to 5．A．imagine B．control C．guess D．raise 6．A．used to B．is used to C．get used to D．used for 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者对当地湿地遭到破坏的担忧，强调了湿地在调节气候、提供生物栖息地和防洪方面的重要性，并指出农业、基建和渔业等人类活动是导致湿地退化及生物逃离的主要原因。作者最后呼吁采取保护行动并寻求提高公众意识的建议。 1．句意：我写信是为了表达我对当地湿地破坏的担忧。 interest兴趣；knowledge知识；worry担忧；courage勇气。根据“the destruction of the wetland”可知湿地遭到了破坏，应该是表达“担忧”。故选C。 2．句意：它为人们提供了一个平静的地方来休息。 compared比较；provided提供；changed改变；chose选择。根据“a peaceful place for people to relax”可知，是为人们“提供”一个平静的地方。故选B。 3．句意：此外，道路和机场的建设以及渔业养殖业对这个曾经美丽的生态系统造成了破坏。 In addition此外；However然而；Instead相反；Therefore因此。根据“Some farmers have changed the wetland into fields in order to plant rice. …road and airport building and the industry of fish farming have been harmful to this once-beautiful ecosystem”可知，农民的一些行为破坏了湿地，道路和机场建设也破坏了湿地，此处是进一步说明对湿地的破坏。故选A。 4．句意：这对依赖湿地生存的水鸟产生了巨大影响。 care about关心；depend on依靠；prepare for为……做准备；respond to响应。根据“The water is now polluted, and the wildlife that once lived here has to leave.”可知，湿地的破坏，对“依赖”湿地生存的鸟产生了巨大影响。故选B。 5．句意：但是，我们如何提高人们对保护湿地重要性的认识呢？ imagine想象；control控制；guess猜；raise提高。根据上下文，人们的很多行为破坏了湿地，所以要“提高”对保护湿地重要性的认识。故选D。 6．句意：我希望每个人都能采取行动，保护我们当地的湿地，并使其恢复到以前那样美。 used to过去；is used to习惯于；get used to习惯于；used for用来。根据“make it as beautiful as it…be”可知，作者希望人们能保护湿地，让其跟过去一样美。故选A。 Water is one of the most precious resources on our planet. It is essential for all forms of life. Every day, we use water in countless ways, from drinking and cooking to cleaning and industry. Our bodies are made up mostly of water, and we need to 1 enough water every day to stay healthy. A lack of water can lead to various health problems, such as dehydration, which can affect our physical and mental 2 . In nature, water plays a crucial role in the ecosystem. Rivers, lakes, and oceans are homes to a vast number of plants and animals. Water also helps in the 3 of nutrients in the soil, which is vital for plant growth. However, with the rapid growth of the population and the development of industry, water pollution has become a serious 4 . Chemicals from factories, waste from cities, and agricultural runoff all lead to the contamination of water sources. This not only endangers the lives of aquatic creatures but also has a direct impact on our own health when we use polluted water. To solve this problem, we need to take 5 measures. We can start by reducing our water usage in daily life, such as fixing leaky faucets and using water-saving appliances. At the same time, governments and industries should also take responsibility for treating wastewater before it is 6 into the environment. 1．A．take off B．take in C．take out D．take over 2．A．activities B．situations C．conditions D．positions 3．A．transportation B．translation C．transformation D．transition 4．A．question B．matter C．problem D．issue 5．A．several B．few C．little D．much 6．A．poured B．dropped C．spread D．flowed 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了水作为地球上宝贵资源的重要性，包括对生命、人体健康、生态系统的作用，也指出了水污染问题及相应的解决措施。 1．句意：我们的身体大部分由水组成，我们每天需要摄入足够的水来保持健康。 take off起飞，脱下；take in吸收，摄入；take out取出；take over接管。根据“Our bodies are made up mostly of water, and we need to...enough water every day to stay healthy.”可知，为了保持健康，需要摄入足够的水，“take in”有“摄入”的意思，符合语境，故选B。 2．句意：缺水会导致各种健康问题，比如脱水，这会影响我们的身体和精神状况。 activities活动；situations情况，形势；conditions状况，条件；positions位置，职位。根据“A lack of water can lead to various health problems, such as dehydration, which can affect our physical and mental ...”可知，缺水影响的是身体和精神的状况，“conditions”更强调身体或精神等的状态，符合语境，故选C。 3．句意：水还有助于土壤中养分的运输，这对植物生长至关重要。 transportation运输；translation翻译；transformation转变；transition过渡，转变。根据“Water also helps in the ... of nutrients in the soil, which is vital for plant growth.”可知，水帮助土壤中养分的运输，“transportation”表示“运输”，符合语境，故选A。 4．句意：然而，随着人口的快速增长和工业的发展，水污染已经成为一个严重的问题。 question问题，常指需要回答的问题；matter事情，问题，比较宽泛；problem问题，指需要解决的难题；issue议题，问题，常指有争议的问题。根据“However, with the rapid growth of the population and the development of industry, water pollution has become a serious ...”可知，水污染是需要解决的难题，“problem”符合语境，故选C。 5．句意：为了解决这个问题，我们需要采取一些措施。 several几个，一些，修饰可数名词复数；few很少，几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数，表否定；little很少，几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，表否定；much许多，修饰不可数名词。根据“To solve this problem, we need to take ... measures.”可知，要采取一些措施，“measures”是可数名词复数，“several”符合语境，故选A。 6．句意：同时，政府和企业也应该负责在废水被排放至环境之前对其进行处理。 poured倒，倾泻；dropped掉落；spread传播；flowed流动。根据“At the same time, governments and industries should also take responsibility for treating wastewater before it is ... into the environment.”可知，是把废水排入环境，“poured”有“倾泻，排放”的意思，符合语境，故选A。 Water is an 23 resource that is often taken for granted. It is everywhere around us, from the 24 we drink to the oceans that cover a large part of the Earth. However, not all water is the same. Fresh water, which is essential for human survival, is relatively scarce. Only a small percentage of the Earth’s water is fresh water that is 25 for us to use. Most of it is locked in glaciers or underground. We rely on this fresh water for many aspects of our daily lives, like cooking, cleaning, and irrigating crops. Water also has a significant impact on the environment. Human civilization 26 the habitats of many plants and animals. Wetlands, for example, are areas full of water that support a diverse range of species. These areas act as natural filters, 27 the water and making it cleaner. Unfortunately, water pollution is a growing problem. Industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, and improper sewage disposal are 28 our water sources. If we don’t take steps to protect water, we will face serious consequences for both our own health and the health of the planet. 1．A．ordinary B．invaluable C．unnecessary D．abundant 2．A．juice B．milk C．water D．coffee 3．A．accessible B．expensive C．useless D．salty 4．A．destroys B．ignores C．creates D．abandons 5．A．polluting B．heating C．cooling D．purifying 6．A．protecting B．enriching C．contaminating D．improving 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了水的重要性、淡水资源的稀缺性以及水污染问题，强调了保护水资源的必要性。 1．句意：水是一种经常被视为理所当然的无价资源。 ordinary普通的；invaluable无价的；unnecessary不必要的；abundant丰富的。根据后文“essential for human survival”可知，水是极其重要的资源。invaluable“无价的”最符合语境，强调其不可替代的价值。故选B。 2．句意：它在我们身边无处不在，从我们喝的水到覆盖地球大部分的海洋。 juice果汁；milk牛奶；water水；coffee咖啡。根据“water is everywhere”和“we drink to the oceans that cover a large part of the Earth.”可知，该空是指我们喝的水。故选C。 3．句意：地球上只有一小部分的水是可供我们使用的淡水。 accessible可获取的；expensive昂贵的；useless无用的；salty咸的。根据下文“Most of it is locked in glaciers or underground.”可知，大多数的淡水被封存在冰川或地下，因此“可获取的”水只有一小部分，accessible符合逻辑。故选A。 4．句意：人类文明破坏许多动植物的栖息地。 destroys破坏；ignores忽视；creates创造；abandons抛弃。根据后文“Unfortunately, water pollution is a growing. Industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, and improper sewage disposal are...our water sources.”可知，许多动植物的栖息地被人类的文明破坏。故选A。 5．句意：这些区域作为天然过滤器，净化水并使其更干净。 polluting污染；heating加热；cooling冷却；purifying净化。根据“natural filters”和“cleaner”，可知，这些区域可以净化水。故选D。 6．句意：工业废物、农业化学品和不适当的污水处理正在污染我们的水源。 protecting保护；enriching丰富；contaminating污染；improving改善。根据“Unfortunately, water pollution is a growing. Industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, and improper sewage disposal are...our water sources.”可知，水源正在被污染。故选C。 In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join 1 . In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do. No-garbage (垃圾) lunches. How much garbage do you throw away 2 lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again. Every week, they will choose the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school. No-car day. On the no-car day, 3 comes to school in a car. Neither the students nor the teachers! Cars give pollution to the air. 4 remember: walk, bike or run. Use your legs! It’s lots of fun! 5 the water! Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic (立方) metres of water an hour? In a year, to our surprise, that can 6 a small river! In environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets themselves. We love the environment. Let’s work together and make it clean. 1．A．no-car day B．environment clubs C．no-garbage lunches D．music groups 2．A．since B．until C．before D．after 3．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 4．A．So B．And C．But D．Or 5．A．Turn on B．Turn up C．Turn off D．Turn down 6．A．fill B．produce C．manage D．change 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了在世界大部分地区，许多学生加入环保俱乐部，通过无垃圾午餐、无车日等活动，帮助学校减少污染，共同保护环境。 1．句意：他们加入环保俱乐部。 no-car day无车日；environment clubs环保俱乐部；no-garbage lunches无垃圾午餐；music groups音乐团体。根据下文“In a meaningful club, people work together to make our environment clean.”可知，此处指加入环保俱乐部，故选B。 2．句意：午餐后你扔掉多少垃圾？ since自从；until直到；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据下文“Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches with bags that can be used again.”可知，此处指午餐后扔掉的垃圾，故选D。 3．句意：在无车日，没有人开车来学校。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据下文“Neither the students nor the teachers!”可知，此处指没有人开车来学校，故选D。 4．句意：所以记住：步行、骑自行车或跑步。 So所以；And和；But但是；Or或者。根据上文“Cars give pollution to the air.”可知，汽车给空气带来污染，所以应该步行、骑自行车或跑步，故选A。 5．句意：关掉水！ Turn on打开；Turn up调高；Turn off关掉；Turn down调低。根据下文“Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic metres of water an hour?”可知，此处讨论厕所浪费水的问题，呼吁节约用水，故选C。 6．句意：在一年里，令我们惊讶的是，那可以填满一条小河！ fill填满；produce生产；manage管理；change改变。根据上文“Do you know that some toilets could waste twenty to forty cubic metres of water an hour?”可知，此处指浪费的水可以填满一条小河，故选A。 Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) It was fantastic to go to the Science Museum to see an exhibition about driverless vehicles (交通工具). Before my visit to the museum, I didn’t know much about vehicles that drive themselves using computer controls. Driverless cars might seem like something from 1 , but they’ve been around longer than we think. I learned that the first of them appeared years ago. It was a car called the Citroen DS19, which appeared back in 1960. It drove itself by 2 a network of cables (电缆) buried underground. Driverless vehicles have developed a lot since then. Newer ones are used for different purposes, like helping farmers by picking crops, or helping scientists by exploring under the ice. The exhibition was organized into three different areas. Each one 3 a different subject. The first was called “Land.” I was able to look at how driverless vehicles were already being used on land, and possible developments that would happen in the future. The issue of 4 is a big one. How can a driverless car make the right choices that a human makes in an emergency situation? Scientists are working on ways to solve this problem. I understood more about how difficult it was when I was playing with the interactive displays (交互式显示屏). Doing this let me see the world through the “eyes” of a driverless car. It’s very 5 to program a computer to make the decisions a human driver usually makes. In the zone called “Water,” driverless vehicles are being used to make maps of the sea floor and to understand how climate change is affecting the oceans. And in the final area, “ 6 ,” I learned about the flying drones (无人机) that are being developed to deliver products, but not just for shoppers. They’re also important for things like medical emergencies. The whole exhibition was incredibly interesting and made for a great day out 1．A．classical dramas B．historical records C．sci-fi novels D．travel magazines 2．A．collecting B．exchanging C．following D．separating 3．A．focused on B．held on C．lived on D．relied on 4．A．honesty B．quality C．reality D．safety 5．A．cheap B．fast C．hard D．simple 6．A．Air B．Care C．Sport D．War 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者参观科学博物馆中无人驾驶交通工具展览的经历，包括无人驾驶交通工具的发展历史、展览的不同展区主题以及其在陆地、水上和空中的应用等内容。 1．句意：无人驾驶汽车似乎像是来自科幻小说里的东西，但它们的存在时间比我们想象的要长。 classical dramas古典戏剧；historical records历史记录；sci-fi novels科幻小说；travel magazines旅游杂志。根据常识，无人驾驶汽车在过去常被认为是具有未来感的科技产物，符合科幻小说中常见的未来场景设定。故选C。 2．句意：它是一辆名为雪铁龙DS19的汽车，早在1960年就出现了。它通过跟随埋在地下的电缆网络来实现自动驾驶。 collecting收集；exchanging交换；following跟随；separating分开。结合逻辑，无人驾驶汽车需要依据特定路线行驶，following“跟随”电缆网络能合理体现其行驶方式，符合语境。故选C。 3．句意：展览分为三个不同的区域，每个区域都聚焦于一个不同的主题。 focused on聚焦于；held on坚持、不挂断；lived on以……为食、靠……生活；relied on依靠。根据后句“The first was called ‘Land.’”可知，第一个区域有明确主题，说明每个区域的核心是聚焦特定主题。故选A。 4．句意：安全性问题是一个重要问题。在紧急情况下，无人驾驶汽车如何做出和人类一样正确的选择呢？ honesty诚实；quality质量；reality现实；safety安全。根据“How can a driverless car make the right choices that a human makes in an emergency situation?”可知，此处讨论的是无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选D。 5．句意：编写程序让计算机做出人类司机通常会做出的决策是非常困难的。 cheap便宜的；fast快速的；hard困难的；simple简单的。根据“I understood more about how difficult it was when I was playing with the interactive displays”可知，此处应强调该过程的困难。故选C。   6．句意：在最后一个名为“空中”的区域，我了解到正在研发的用于配送物品的飞行无人机，它们不仅为购物者服务，在医疗紧急情况等事务中也发挥着重要作用。 Air空中；Care关怀；Sport运动；War战争。根据“flying drones”可知，无人机的活动场景是空中，该区域主题应与空中相关。故选A。 ChatGPT is back in the headlines! OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language model: GPT-4. On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT-3.5. One of its best new features is that it can 1 pictures. For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny. But GPT-4’s developments don’t 2 there. The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes, and produce the code and layout (布局) for a website based on a hand-made drawing. It can also change the tone (语气) and style based on what you ask it to do. GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests, which may worry 3 . According to CNN, GPT-4 did really well on a law school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bottom 10 percent. GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services. 4 , the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function (功能). Users can learn language by talking with AI. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant to help blind people better understand the world around them. The government of Iceland also plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language. There are still problems with the new language model, however. GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers, 5 with newer information after September 2021. GPT-4 also sometimes “hallucinates (产生幻觉)”, meaning that it will insist that 6 information is true. 1．A．draw B．express C．understand D．support 2．A．complete B．limit C．observe D．stop 3．A．graduates B．staff C．teachers D．partners 4．A．In addition B．As a result C．In fact D．For example 5．A．even B．exactly C．especially D．actually 6．A．serious B．precious C．regular D．wrong 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文主要讲GPT-4的一些强大功能及仍然存在的问题。 1．句意：它最出色的新功能之一在于能够理解图片。 draw画；express表达；understand理解；support支持。根据“For example, if you show a picture of a phone using the wrong charger (充电器), GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.”可知，GPT-4能够理解图片。故选C。 2．句意：但GPT-4的发展远不止于此。 complete完成；limit限制；observe观察到；stop停止。根据“The new language model can code (用代码编写) classic games like Tetris (俄罗斯方块) in a matter of minutes,…GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests,”可知，GPT-4更智能，但它的发展不止于此，stop符合题意。故选D。 3．句意：GPT-4在通过测试方面比之前的 GPT 版本表现得要好得多，这可能会让教师们感到担忧。 graduates毕业生；staff员工；teachers教师；partners同伴。根据“GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests,”可知，GPT-4在通过测试方面比之前的GPT版本表现得要好得多，这可能会让教师们感到担忧。故选C。 4．句意：例如，语言学习应用Duolingo计划在即将推出的Duolingo Max功能中使用GPT-4。 In addition此外；As a result结果是；In fact事实上；For example例如。根据“GPT-4 will also see greater use as a tool to power other apps and services.”以及“the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming Duolingo Max function”可知，空后是在举例说明GPT-4将被更多地用作支持其他应用和服务的工具，For example符合题意。故选D。 5．句意：GPT-4仍然难以给出完全正确的答案，尤其是在2021年9月之后的新信息方面。 even甚至；exactly精确地；especially尤其；actually实际上。根据“GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers,…with newer information after September 2021.”可知，空后表示强调，用especially。故选C。 6．句意：GPT-4有时也会出现“幻觉”现象，即它会执意认为错误的信息是真实的。 serious严重的；precious珍贵的；regular规律的；wrong错误的。根据“hallucinates”可知，有时GPT-4会执意认为错误的信息是真实的。故选D。 When people wanted to find their way to a place in the past, they used to have to buy a map. They don’t have to do that anymore. Now they can either buy a GPS or go online and find maps for just about 1 . Is this an 2 ? Perhaps, but some people think some of the online companies are going too far because they have been sending out cars with photographic equipment on their roofs to photograph every street and house in the country. One of these cars arrives on a Wednesday morning in the quiet English village of Broughton. The camera was placed on a meter-high pole on top of the car and could see over walls and into people’s gardens. Some of the villagers came and stood around the car, asking the drivers and photographer to 3 . Journalists quickly arrived on the scene, and soon the event was news all over the country. The online company claims that it is simply collecting information that people on the internet want. But Broughton residents see it 4 . “We used to have privacy in this country—now companies just come and take photographs of our homes without even asking,” said one resident. “It’s not right. We shouldn’t let this happen. We mustn’t lose our 5 to live privately.” There is, of course, no law to prevent people from taking photographs of houses, so the residents cannot go to court. But many people are asking the question: “OK, it’s 6 , but is it right?” This is a question that will remain for a long time. 1．A．anything B．anyone C．anytime D．anywhere 2．A．emotion B．improvement C．explanation D．adjustment 3．A．go away B．take away C．run away D．move away 4．A．essentially B．differently C．curiously D．seriously 5．A．chance B．ability C．temper D．right 6．A．acceptable B．available C．legal D．common 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了现在有些网络公司会派车带着摄像头拍下每一条街道和每一栋房子，有些人认为这侵犯了他人的隐私，由此引发争议。 1．句意：现在，他们要么买一个全球定位系统，要么上网找到几乎任何地方的地图。 anything任何事；anyone任何人；anytime任何时间；anywhere任何地方。根据“Now they can either buy a GPS or go online and find maps for just about...”可知，此处表示上网找到几乎任何地方的地图。故选D。 2．句意：这是一种进步吗？ emotion情绪；improvement改进；explanation介绍；adjustment调整。前文对比过去买地图的麻烦和现在用GPS和网络的便利，暗示这是一种“进步”。此处问这是一种进步吗？故选B。 3．句意：一些村民来到车边站了一圈，要求司机和摄影师离开。 go away离开；take away拿走；run away逃跑；move away搬走。根据“Some of the villagers came and stood around the car, asking the drivers and photographer to...”可推知，此处表示村民对拍照行为不满，要求司机和摄影师离开。故选A。 4．句意：但是布罗顿的居民们对此看法不同。 essentially本质上；differently不同地；curiously好奇地；seriously严肃地。根据“The online company claims that it is simply collecting information that people on the internet want. But Broughton residents see it...”可知，but在此处表示转折。公司声称“只是收集信息”，居民却持相反看法。see it differently（看法不同）体现观点对立。故选B。 5．句意：我们绝不能失去私密生活的权利。 chance机会；ability能力；temper脾气；right权利。根据“It’s not right. We shouldn’t let this happen. We mustn’t lose our...to live privately.”可知，此处居民强调“隐私权”，直接对应“right to live privately”（隐私生活的权利）。故选D。 6．句意：好的，它是合法的，但是它对吗？ acceptable可接受的；available可利用的；legal合法的；common普通的。根据前文“There is, of course, no law to prevent people from taking photographs of houses,”可知，前文说“没有法律禁止拍照”，后句质疑“这合法，但这对吗？”。空格需填“合法的”。故选C。 Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） Jack, a ten-year-old boy full of curiosity, always wants to explore and learn new things. One day the family’s fridge started making strange noises. Jack 1 the problem and decided to fix it himself. However, the repair didn’t go as planned. When Dad 2 the repair would cost $200, he thought it was a chance to make Jack understand the 3 of responsibility. So he asked Jack to pay back every cent. Jack agreed. A few days later, Jack told his father that he had found a job as a paperboy to pay back the money. One evening at dinner Jack got angry all of a sudden. Dad decided to talk with Jack privately. Jack explained that he was tired from selling newspapers. He did the job just to make money. Dad 4 his own unhappy day in his work. He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer. 5 he had his bad day, Dad pointed out that he hadn’t taken his anger out on the family. Jack realized his 6 and said sorry to everyone. This experience touched Jack. From that day on, no matter what he went through, he never took his anger out on his friends or family again. The best education is leading by example. 1．A．caused B．noticed C．solved D．connected 2．A．found out B．heard from C．cared about D．looked for 3．A．method B．experience C．importance D．secret 4．A．hated B．forgot C．shared D．liked 5．A．Though B．If C．When D．Because 6．A．dream B．difficulty C．mistake D．chance 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个10岁男孩Jack因好奇尝试修理冰箱，失败后父亲通过让他打工还钱的方式教育他责任感，并通过自身经历教会他控制情绪的故事。 1．句意：杰克注意到这个问题，然后决定自己修理它。 caused造成；noticed注意到；solved解决；connected连接。这里表示杰克注意到冰箱发出异响。故选B。 2．句意：当爸爸发现修理费要200美元时，他觉得这是个让杰克明白责任重要的机会。 found out发现，查明；heard from收到……的来信；cared about关心；looked for寻找。这里表示爸爸了解了修理冰箱费用。故选A。 3．句意：当爸爸发现修理费要200美元时，他觉得这是个让杰克明白责任重要的机会。 method方法；experience经历；importance重要性；secret秘密。根据“responsibility”可知，是明白责任的重要性。故选C。 4．句意：爸爸分享自己工作中不开心的一天。 hated憎恨；forgot忘记；shared分享；liked喜欢。根据“He explained how he was yelled (叫嚷) at by the leader and a customer.”可知，表示爸爸给杰克讲自己的事，即分享自己白天的工作内容。故选C。 5．句意：尽管他度过了糟糕的一天，爸爸指出他没有把怒气发泄在家人身上。 though尽管；if如果；when当……的时候；because因为。此处为让步关系，尽管爸爸不开心，但未迁怒家人。故选A。 6．句意：杰克意识到自己的错误，然后向大家道歉。 dream梦想；difficulty困难；mistake错误；chance机会。根据“said sorry to everyone”可知，表示杰克通过爸爸分享的故事，意识到自己的错误。故选C。 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的内容完成短文) You would see mountains and valleys if you looked at the Moon through a telescope (望远镜). If you looked at the planet Jupiter, you would see its moons. Galileo was the first person to see these things 1 a telescope. Galileo did not invent the telescope. It was first made by a Dutch lensmaker (镜片制造人). But Galileo improved the design so he was 2 to study the stars and planets closely. Some people call him the first astronomer (天文学家). As he studied the sky, Galileo found proof that the planets orbit (沿轨道运行) around the Sun. He was not the first person to believe this, but he was the first to prove that it was true. People of that time believed that Earth was the centre of the universe and 3 in space moved around Earth. Galileo got into trouble with the government and the church for saying that what they believed was wrong. He had to 4 what he said or else he would have gone to jail. Galileo was more than an astronomer. He was an inventor as well. He invented the first thermometre (温度计). His thermometre did not measure exact temperatures, 5 it did show if a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature. He invented a compass that was used for aiming cannonballs (炮弹) shot out of a cannon. Later the compass was used to survey land. He 6 a device that used a horse and buckets to raise water. This was used for irrigation (灌溉). Galileo thought about the world in a new way. Before Galileo, people did not run experiments or 7 their ideas. It was enough just to think about ideas. Galileo wanted to try out his ideas and see if they worked in the world. Galileo was one of the first real scientists. 1．A．through B．by C．in D．on 2．A．ready B．able C．eager D．likely 3．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 4．A．take off B．take up C．take back D．take away 5．A．so B．and C．but D．or 6．A．invented B．invited C．uncovered D．explored 7．A．explore B．question C．study D．test 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文介绍伽利略作为天文学家和发明家的成就，及他对科学研究方式的影响。 1．句意：伽利略是第一个通过望远镜看到这些事物的人。 through穿过；by通过；in在……内；on在……之上。这里表示“通过望远镜看到这些东西”，“through”有“通过（某种工具、途径）”的意思。故选A。 2．句意：但伽利略改进了设计，所以他能够近距离研究恒星和行星。 ready准备好的；able能够；eager热切的；likely可能发生的。此处表示“能够近距离研究恒星和行星”，“be able to do sth”是固定搭配，表示“能够做某事”。故选B。 3．句意：当时的人们认为地球是宇宙的中心，太空中的一切都围绕地球运转。 something某事；everything每件事物；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物。根据语境，当时的人们认为地球是宇宙的中心，所有的东西都围绕地球转，应使用“everything”表示“一切事物”。故选B。 4．句意：他不得不收回自己说的话，否则他就会进监狱。 take off脱下；take up开始从事；take back收回；take away外卖。根据文章“He had to…what he said or else he would have gone to jail.”可知，他不得不“收回”他说的话，否则他会进监狱，“take back”有“收回（所说的话）”的意思。故选C。 5．句意：他的温度计不能测量精确的温度，但它确实能显示一个温度比另一个温度高、低还是相同。 so所以，表因果；and和，表并列；but但是，表转折；or或者，表选择。前半句说“His thermometre did not measure exact temperatures,”，后半句说“it did show if a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature.”，前后句是转折关系，“but”意为“但是，表转折”。故选C。 6．句意：他发明了一种用马和水桶提水的装置。 invented发明；invited邀请；uncovered裸露的；explored开发。根据前文“He was an inventor as well.”以及后面描述的这个装置的用途可知，他“发明”了这个装置，“invented”意为“发明”。故选A。 7．句意：在伽利略之前，人们不做实验也不检验他们的想法。 explore探讨；question问题；study研究；test测试。根据下文“Galileo wanted to try out his ideas and see if they worked in the world.”可知，在伽利略之前，人们不做实验或者“测试”他们的想法。“test”有“测试，检验”的意思，这里强调通过实验来检验想法。故选D。 Choose the best words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文） You would see mountains and valleys if you looked at the Moon through a telescope (望远镜). If you looked at the planet Jupiter, you would see its moons. Galileo was the first person to see these things through a telescope. Galileo did not 1 the telescope. It was first made by a Dutch lensmaker (镜片制造人). But Galileo improved the design so he was 2 to study the stars and planets closely. Some people call him the first astronomer (天文学家). As he studied the sky, Galileo found proof that the planets orbit (沿轨道运行) around the Sun. He was not the first person to believe this, but he was the first to prove that it was true. People of that time believed that Earth was the centre of the universe and 3 in space moved around Earth. Galileo got into trouble with the government and the church for saying that what they believed was wrong. He had to 4 what he said or else he would have gone to jail. Galileo was more than an astronomer. He was an inventor as well. He invented the first thermometer (温度计). His thermometer did not measure exact temperatures, 5 it did show if a temperature was higher or lower or the same as another temperature. He invented a compass that was used for aiming cannonballs (炮弹) shot out of a cannon. Later the compass was used to survey land. He invented a device that used a horse and buckets to raise water. This was used for irrigation (灌溉). Galileo thought about the world in a new way. Before Galileo, people did not run experiments or 6 their ideas. It was enough just to think about ideas. Galileo wanted to try out his ideas and see if they worked in the world. Galileo was one of the first real scientists. 1．A．invent B．discover C．build D．use 2．A．ready B．able C．eager D．likely 3．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything 4．A．take off B．take up C．take back D．take away 5．A．so B．and C．but D．or 6．A．explore B．question C．study D．test 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了伽利略，他被认为是现代科学的奠基人。 1．句意：伽利略并没有发明望远镜。 invent发明；discover发现；build建造；use使用。根据“It was first made by a Dutch lensmaker”可知望远镜是一位荷兰镜片制造人制造的，不是伽利略发明的。故选A。 2．句意：但伽利略改进了设计，使他能够仔细地研究星星和行星。 ready准备好的；able能够的；eager渴望的；likely可能的。根据“Galileo improved the design so he was...to study the stars and planets closely”可知他改进了设计，让他能够仔细地研究星星和行星。故选B。 3．句意：当时的人们相信地球是宇宙的中心，一切在太空中的物体都围绕地球运动。 something某物；everything一切；nothing没有什么；anything任何东西。根据“Earth was the centre of the universe”可知认为地球是宇宙的中心，所以一切都围绕地球运动。故选B。 4．句意：他不得不收回他所说的，否则他将被关进监狱。 take off起飞；take up开始从事；take back收回；take away带走。根据“what he said or else he would have gone to jail.”可知他要收回自己所说的话，不然会被送进监狱。故选C。 5．句意：他的温度计无法精准测量温度，但可以显示该温度是高还是低，抑或与另一个温度相同与否。 so因此；and和；but但是；or或者。此处和前句是转折关系，用but连接。故选C。 6．句意：在伽利略之前，人们不进行实验或测试他们的想法。 explore探索；question提问；study学习；test测试。根据“people did not run experiments or...their ideas”可知人们不进行实验或者测试他们的想法。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $