定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词（学生练习卷）-2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》18卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖20个考点的68份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》的第18卷，主要考查定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词。 2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第18卷 定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词 学生练习卷 一、单项选择（共30小题每题3分，共90分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.My brother wants to buy ______ new computer for his study. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“new computer” 是可数名词单数，此处表 “一台新电脑”（泛指某一台，非特指），且 “new” 以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词（/）不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 A。 2.______ sun is the closest star to our planet Earth. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】世界上独一无二的事物（如 sun、moon、earth 等）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “唯一的太阳”；不定冠词（a/an）表泛指，零冠词不用于此类专属名词，故选 C。 3.We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. before going to school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】三餐名词（breakfast、lunch、dinner）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “吃早餐” 这一行为；不定冠词（a/an）用于 “一顿…… 餐”（如 “a big breakfast”），“the” 表特指某一顿餐，此处无修饰词和特指含义，故选 D。 4.This is ______ interesting book. I have read it three times already. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“interesting book” 是可数名词单数，表 “一本有趣的书”（泛指），且 “interesting” 以元音音素（/ɪ/）开头，需用不定冠词 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 B。 5.My father works in ______ hospital near our community. He is a doctor. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“hospital” 后有 “near our community”（我们社区附近的）限定，表 “特指我们社区附近的那所医院”，需用定冠词 “the”；不定冠词（a/an）表泛指 “一所医院”，零冠词不用于此类有后置限定的可数名词单数，故选 C。 6.I need ______ piece of paper to write down the phone number. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“a piece of” 是固定搭配，用于修饰不可数名词 “paper”，表 “一张纸”（泛指）；“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前（“piece” 以辅音音素 /p/ 开头），“the” 表特指 “某一张纸”，零冠词无法与 “piece of” 搭配，故选 A。 7.______ Greens will hold a party at their home this weekend. We are all invited. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“the + 姓氏复数” 表示 “某一家人” 或 “某夫妇”，“the Greens” 即 “格林一家”，是固定用法；不定冠词（a/an）和零冠词均无法表达 “一家人” 的含义，故选 C。 8.She can play ______ piano very well, but she can’t play ______ basketball. A. the; / B. /; the C. a; a D. an; the 【答案】A 【解析】演奏乐器（如 piano、violin）前需加定冠词 “the”，是固定规则；球类运动（如 basketball、football）前通常用零冠词，表 “打…… 球” 这一运动；故选 A。 9.There is ______ “h” and ______ “u” in the word “hour”. A. a; an B. an; a C. the; / D. /; the 【答案】B 【解析】字母 “h” 的发音是 /eɪtʃ/，以元音音素开头，需用 “an”；字母 “u” 的发音是 /juː/，以辅音音素开头，需用 “a”；此处表 “一个 h 和一个 u”（泛指），“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于单个字母泛指，故选 B。 10.We will have ______ important meeting this afternoon. Please be on time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“important meeting” 是可数名词单数，表 “一个重要的会议”（泛指），且 “important” 以元音音素 /ɪ/ 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 B。 11.______ girl in red is my classmate. She won first prize in the singing competition. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“girl” 后有 “in red”（穿红衣服的）限定，表 “特指穿红衣服的那个女孩”，需用 “the”；不定冠词（a/an）表泛指 “一个女孩”，零冠词不用于有后置限定的可数名词单数，故选 C。 12.My mother often tells me to play ______ sports after finishing homework. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】“play sports” 是固定短语，意为 “做运动”，“sports” 前用零冠词；不定冠词（a/an）用于单数名词，“the” 表特指，均不与 “play sports” 搭配，故选 D。 13.This is ______ useful tool for repairing bikes. I use it every time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“useful tool” 是可数名词单数，表 “一个有用的工具”（泛指），“useful” 虽以 “u” 开头，但发音是 /ˈjuːsfl/，以辅音音素 /j/ 开头，需用 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 A。 14.We visited ______ Great Wall during our trip to Beijing last summer. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有名词（如 the Great Wall、the Summer Palace、the United States）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “独一无二的长城”；不定冠词和零冠词均不用于此类专有名词，故选 C。 15.He usually goes to ______ bed at 10:00 p.m. and gets up at 6:00 a.m. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】“go to bed” 是固定短语，意为 “上床睡觉”，“bed” 前用零冠词；“the bed” 表 “特指某张床”（如 “sit on the bed”），不定冠词（a/an）不与 “go to bed” 搭配，故选 D。 16.There is ______ big park in our city. Many people go there to relax on weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“big park” 是可数名词单数，表 “我们城市里的一个大公园”（泛指某一个，非特指），且 “big” 以辅音音素开头，需用 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 A。 17.______ English is one of the most widely used languages in the world. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】D 【解析】语言类名词（如 English、Chinese、French）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “英语这门语言”；不定冠词（a/an）用于 “一门…… 语言”（如 “an English course”），“the” 表特指 “某种英语”（如 “the English of Shakespeare”），此处无修饰和特指，故选 D。 18.My sister bought ______ new dress yesterday. ______ dress is very beautiful. A. a; The B. an; The C. the; A D. /; The 【答案】A 【解析】第一空 “new dress” 是可数名词单数，表 “一条新裙子”（首次提及，泛指），“new” 以辅音音素开头，用 “a”；第二空再次提及 “这条裙子”，表特指，用 “the”；故选 A。 19.We have ______ math class every Monday morning. I like math very much. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“math class” 是可数名词单数，表 “一节数学课”（泛指每周一的一节），“math” 以辅音音素开头，用 “a”；“the” 表特指 “某一节数学课”，零冠词不用于此类学科课程的泛指，故选 A。 20.______ Yellow River is the second longest river in China. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】江河湖海等专有名词（如 the Yellow River、the Yangtze River、the Pacific Ocean）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “黄河”；不定冠词和零冠词均不用于此类专有名词，故选 C。 21.I saw ______ old man crossing the street just now. I helped him go to the other side. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“old man” 是可数名词单数，表 “一位老人”（首次提及，泛指），“old” 以元音音素 /əʊ/ 开头，用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 B。 22.She often listens to ______ music when she feels tired. It helps her relax. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】“music” 是不可数名词，表泛指 “听音乐” 这一行为时，前用零冠词；“a/an” 用于可数名词单数，“the” 表特指 “某段音乐”（如 “the music on the radio”），此处无特指，故选 D。 23.______ People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】国家名称中包含 “Republic”“Kingdom” 等词时（如 the People’s Republic of China、the United Kingdom），前需加定冠词 “the”，是固定用法；不定冠词和零冠词均不用于此类国家名称，故选 C。 24.There is ______ “f” in the word “five”. Can you spell it correctly? A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】字母 “f” 的发音是 /ef/，以元音音素 /e/ 开头，表 “一个 f”（泛指），需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于单个字母泛指，故选 B。 25.My father is ______ doctor. He works in ______ hospital in the center of the city. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. an; the 【答案】B 【解析】第一空 “doctor” 是可数名词单数，表 “一名医生”（泛指职业），“doctor” 以辅音音素开头，用 “a”；第二空 “hospital” 后有 “in the center of the city”（市中心的）限定，表特指，用 “the”；故选 B。 26.We usually go to ______ cinema on weekends to watch the latest movies. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“go to the cinema” 是固定短语，意为 “去看电影”，“cinema” 前需加定冠词 “the”；不定冠词（a/an）表 “去一家电影院”，零冠词不与 “go to cinema” 搭配，故选 C。 27.______ winter is my favorite season. I like making snowmen with my friends. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】D 【解析】季节名词（spring、summer、autumn、winter）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “冬天” 这一季节；“the” 表特指 “某一个冬天”（如 “the winter of 2023”），不定冠词（a/an）不用于季节名词，故选 D。 28.She gave me ______ apple as a gift for my birthday. It was very sweet. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“apple” 是可数名词单数，表 “一个苹果”（泛指），“apple” 以元音音素 /æ/ 开头，用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 B。 29.______ Smiths are going to move to New York next month. They have lived here for 10 years. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“the + 姓氏复数” 表 “某一家人”，“the Smiths” 即 “史密斯一家”，是固定用法；不定冠词和零冠词均无法表达 “一家人” 的含义，故选 C。 30.He is ______ honest boy. Everyone in our class likes him. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“honest boy” 是可数名词单数，表 “一个诚实的男孩”（泛指），“honest” 虽以 “h” 开头，但 “h” 不发音，发音以元音音素 /ɒ/ 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头的单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词不用于可数名词单数泛指，故选 B。 二、单句改错（5小题每题2分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，请找出并改正错误。 1.My sister usually goes to the bed at 10:00 p.m. to keep healthy. 【答案】删除 “bed” 前的 “The” 【解析】“go to bed” 是固定短语，意为 “上床睡觉”，“bed” 前需用零冠词；原句多余定冠词 “the”（“the bed” 表 “特指某张床”，与 “睡觉” 语义不符），不符合固定短语搭配，故选此修正方式。 2.There is a “h” in the word “hour”, but it doesn’t make a sound. 【答案】将第一个 “a” 改为 “an” 【解析】字母 “h” 发音为 /eɪtʃ/，以元音音素开头，表 “一个 h”（泛指）时，需用不定冠词 “an”；原句错用 “a”，未根据字母发音判断冠词，故选此修正方式。 3.The summer is my favorite season because I can go swimming every day. 【答案】删除 “summer” 前的 “The” 【解析】季节名词（summer、spring、autumn、winter）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “夏天” 这一季节；原句多余定冠词 “the”（“the summer” 表 “特指某一个夏天”，此处无特指），不符合季节名词的使用规则，故选此修正方式。 4.They visited Great Wall during their trip to Beijing last year. 【答案】在 “Great Wall” 前加 “The” 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有景点名称（如 the Great Wall、the Summer Palace）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “独一无二的长城”；原句遗漏定冠词，不符合专有景点名称的使用规则，故选此修正方式。 5.He bought an used laptop online last week. It works very well now. 【答案】将 “an” 改为 “a” 【解析】“used” 发音为 /juːzd/，以辅音音素开头，修饰可数名词单数 “laptop” 时，需用不定冠词 “a”；原句错用 “an”（用于元音音素开头单词前），未根据单词实际发音判断冠词，故选此修正方式。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖20个考点的68份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》的第18卷，主要考查定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词。 2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第18卷 定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词 学生练习卷 一、单项选择（共30小题每题3分，共90分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.My brother wants to buy ______ new computer for his study. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2.______ sun is the closest star to our planet Earth. A. A B. An C. The D. / 3.We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. before going to school. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4.This is ______ interesting book. I have read it three times already. A. a B. an C. the D. / 5.My father works in ______ hospital near our community. He is a doctor. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6.I need ______ piece of paper to write down the phone number. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.______ Greens will hold a party at their home this weekend. We are all invited. A. A B. An C. The D. / 8.She can play ______ piano very well, but she can’t play ______ basketball. A. the; / B. /; the C. a; a D. an; the 9.There is ______ “h” and ______ “u” in the word “hour”. A. a; an B. an; a C. the; / D. /; the 10.We will have ______ important meeting this afternoon. Please be on time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11.______ girl in red is my classmate. She won first prize in the singing competition. A. A B. An C. The D. / 12.My mother often tells me to play ______ sports after finishing homework. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13.This is ______ useful tool for repairing bikes. I use it every time. A. a B. an C. the D. / 14.We visited ______ Great Wall during our trip to Beijing last summer. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15.He usually goes to ______ bed at 10:00 p.m. and gets up at 6:00 a.m. A. a B. an C. the D. / 16.There is ______ big park in our city. Many people go there to relax on weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. / 17.______ English is one of the most widely used languages in the world. A. A B. An C. The D. / 18.My sister bought ______ new dress yesterday. ______ dress is very beautiful. A. a; The B. an; The C. the; A D. /; The 19.We have ______ math class every Monday morning. I like math very much. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20.______ Yellow River is the second longest river in China. A. A B. An C. The D. / 21.I saw ______ old man crossing the street just now. I helped him go to the other side. A. a B. an C. the D. / 22.She often listens to ______ music when she feels tired. It helps her relax. A. a B. an C. the D. / 23.______ People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. A. A B. An C. The D. / 24.There is ______ “f” in the word “five”. Can you spell it correctly? A. a B. an C. the D. / 25.My father is ______ doctor. He works in ______ hospital in the center of the city. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. an; the 26.We usually go to ______ cinema on weekends to watch the latest movies. A. a B. an C. the D. / 27.______ winter is my favorite season. I like making snowmen with my friends. A. A B. An C. The D. / 28.She gave me ______ apple as a gift for my birthday. It was very sweet. A. a B. an C. the D. / 29.______ Smiths are going to move to New York next month. They have lived here for 10 years. A. A B. An C. The D. / 30.He is ______ honest boy. Everyone in our class likes him. A. a B. an C. the D. / 二、单句改错（5小题每题2分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，请找出并改正错误。 1.My sister usually goes to the bed at 10:00 p.m. to keep healthy. 2.There is a “h” in the word “hour”, but it doesn’t make a sound. 3.The summer is my favorite season because I can go swimming every day. 4.They visited Great Wall during their trip to Beijing last year. 5.He bought an used laptop online last week. It works very well now. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $