定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词（教师讲解卷）-2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》17卷（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖20个考点的68份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》的第17卷，主要考查定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词。 2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第17卷 定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词 教师讲解卷 一、单项选择（共30小题每题3分，共90分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.My cousin wants to be ______ engineer in the future, so he studies math very hard now. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“engineer” 是可数名词单数，表 “一名工程师”（泛指职业），且 “engineer” 发音以元音音素 /ˌendʒɪˈnɪr / 开头，需用不定冠词 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词无法体现 “泛指职业”，故选 B。 2.We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m., and then go to school by bus. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】三餐类名词（breakfast、lunch、dinner）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “吃早餐” 这一动作；“a/an” 表 “一顿”（需有修饰词时才用，如 “a big breakfast”），“the” 表特指某一顿早餐，此处无修饰词也无特指，故选 D。 3.My mother plays ______ violin very well. She often performs at school events. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】演奏西洋乐器（violin、piano、guitar 等）前需加定冠词 “the”，是固定规则；“a/an” 表泛指，零冠词用于球类、棋类名词前，均不符合乐器用法，故选 C。 4.There is ______ “u” and ______ “s” in the word “use”. A. a; an B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an 【答案】A 【解析】字母 “u” 发音为 /juː/，以辅音音素开头，表 “一个 u” 用 “a”；字母 “s” 发音为 /es/，以元音音素开头，表 “一个 s” 用 “an”；需根据字母实际发音判断冠词，而非字母本身是否为元音字母，故选 A。 5.______ Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有节日名称（Spring Festival、Mid-Autumn Festival）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “中国的春节”；“a/an” 表泛指，零冠词用于一般节日（如 Christmas），但 “Spring Festival” 需加 “the”，故选 C。 6.My uncle works as ______ doctor in a small hospital in our hometown. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“doctor” 是可数名词单数，表 “一名医生”（泛指职业），且 “doctor” 发音以辅音音素 /ˈdɒktə/ 开头，需用 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词无法体现 “泛指职业”，故选 A。 7.We will have ______ English test next Monday. Let’s start reviewing the textbook now. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“English test” 是可数名词单数，表 “一场英语考试”（泛指），“English” 发音以元音音素 /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/ 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指某场考试，零冠词无法体现 “一场”，故选 B。 8.______ moon looks very bright on quiet nights. It’s a beautiful sight. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】世界上独一无二的事物（moon、sun、earth 等）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “月球”；“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个月球），零冠词无法体现 “独一无二”，故选 C。 9.My little sister likes playing ______ basketball after school. She is good at it. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】球类运动名词（basketball、football、tennis 等）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “打篮球” 这一运动；“a/an” 表 “一个球”，“the” 表特指某个球，均不符合球类用法，故选 D。 10.I read ______ interesting book last night. It told a story about friendship. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“interesting book” 是可数名词单数，表 “一本有趣的书”（泛指），“interesting” 发音以元音音素 /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指某本书，零冠词无法体现 “一本”，故选 B。 11.______ People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的国家名称（the People’s Republic of China、the United States）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “中华人民共和国”；单一国家名称（如 China、Japan）用零冠词，但此类复合名称需加 “the”，故选 C。 12.We usually have ______ class meeting every Friday afternoon to discuss class issues. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“class meeting” 是可数名词单数，表 “一次班会”（泛指），“class” 发音以辅音音素 /klɑːs / 开头，需用 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指某次班会，零冠词无法体现 “一次”，故选 A。 13.My father often listens to ______ radio when he is cooking in the kitchen. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“listen to the radio” 是固定短语，意为 “听收音机”，“radio” 前需加定冠词 “the”；“a/an” 表 “一台收音机”，零冠词无法构成固定搭配，故选 C。 14.There is ______ park near my home. I often go for a walk there on weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“park” 是可数名词单数，表 “一个公园”（泛指，首次提及），“park” 发音以辅音音素 /pɑːk / 开头，需用 “a”；“an” 用于元音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指（需前文提及），零冠词无法体现 “一个”，故选 A。 15.______ winter is cold in my hometown, but we can make snowmen and have fun. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】D 【解析】季节名词（winter、spring、summer、autumn）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “冬天” 这一季节；“a/an” 表 “一个冬天”（需有修饰词，如 “a cold winter”），“the” 表特指某一个冬天，此处无修饰词也无特指，故选 D。 16.My friend bought ______ new bike yesterday. ______ bike is red and looks very nice. A. a; The B. an; The C. a; A D. an; An 【答案】A 【解析】第一空 “new bike” 是可数名词单数，表 “一辆新自行车”（首次提及，泛指），“new” 以辅音音素开头，用 “a”；第二空特指前文提到的 “自行车”，需用定冠词 “the”，故选 A。 17.We visited ______ Great Wall when we traveled to Beijing last summer. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有景点名称（the Great Wall、the Summer Palace）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “中国的长城”；“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个长城），零冠词不符合景点用法，故选 C。 18.My teacher told us that ______ earth goes around ______ sun. A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. /; / 【答案】C 【解析】世界上独一无二的事物（earth、sun、moon）前需加定冠词 “the”，表特指 “地球” 和 “太阳”；“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个地球或太阳），零冠词无法体现 “独一无二”，故选 C。 19.I need ______ umbrella because it is raining heavily outside. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“umbrella” 是可数名词单数，表 “一把雨伞”（泛指），“umbrella” 发音以元音音素 /ʌmˈbrelə/ 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指某把雨伞，零冠词无法体现 “一把”，故选 B。 20.______ Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. I want to visit it someday. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】D 【解析】城市名称（Shanghai、Beijing、Guangzhou）是专有名词，前通常用零冠词，表特指 “上海市”；“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个上海），“the” 用于由普通名词构成的城市名（如 the City of London），上海无需加 “the”，故选 D。 21.My sister has ______ cat. ______ cat is very cute and likes to play with balls. A. a; The B. an; The C. a; A D. an; An 【答案】A 【解析】第一空 “cat” 是可数名词单数，表 “一只猫”（首次提及，泛指），“cat” 以辅音音素 /kæt / 开头，用 “a”；第二空特指前文提到的 “猫”，需用 “the”，故选 A。 22.We usually have ______ dinner at 6:30 p.m., and then watch TV together as a family. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】三餐类名词 “dinner” 前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “吃晚餐”；“a/an” 需搭配修饰词（如 “a delicious dinner”），“the” 表特指某一顿晚餐，此处无修饰词也无特指，故选 D。 23.My brother likes playing ______ chess with his friends on weekends. He often wins. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】D 【解析】棋类运动名词（chess、go、checkers 等）前通常用零冠词，表泛指 “下棋”；“a/an” 表 “一盘棋”（需说 “a game of chess”），“the” 表特指某盘棋，均不符合棋类用法，故选 D。 24.There is ______ “h” in the word “happy”. It is the first letter of the word. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】字母 “h” 发音为 /eɪtʃ/，以元音音素开头，表 “一个 h” 用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头字母前，“the” 表特指（无特指需求），零冠词无法体现 “一个字母”，故选 B。 25.______ Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family members to get together and eat mooncakes. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的专有节日 “Mid-Autumn Festival” 前需加 “the”，表特指 “中国的中秋节”；“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个中秋节），零冠词用于一般节日（如 Christmas），但此类复合节日需加 “the”，故选 C。 26.I met ______ old man on my way to school this morning. He asked me for directions to the library. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】“old man” 是可数名词单数，表 “一位老人”（泛指，首次提及），“old” 发音以元音音素 /əʊld / 开头，需用 “an”；“a” 用于辅音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指（需前文提及），零冠词无法体现 “一位”，故选 B。 27.My mother often goes to ______ supermarket near our community to buy vegetables. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】C 【解析】“supermarket” 后有 “near our community”（我们社区附近的）修饰，表特指 “某一家超市”，需用 “the”；“a/an” 表泛指（任意一家超市），零冠词无法体现 “特指社区附近的”，故选 C。 28.______ music is an important part of our life. It can make us happy or calm. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】D 【解析】“music” 是不可数名词，表泛指 “音乐” 这一概念时，用零冠词；“a/an” 修饰可数名词单数，“the” 表特指（如 “the music of this song”），此处无特指，故选 D。 29.We will have ______ picnic if the weather is fine this Sunday. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】“have a picnic” 是固定短语，意为 “去野餐”，“picnic” 前需加不定冠词 “a”（“picnic” 以辅音音素 /ˈpɪknɪk / 开头）；“an” 用于元音音素开头单词前，“the” 表特指，零冠词无法构成固定搭配，故选 A。 30.______ United Kingdom is a country in Europe. It is made up of four parts. A. A B. An C. The D. / 【答案】C 【解析】由普通名词构成的国家名称（the United Kingdom、the United States）前需加 “the”，表特指 “英国”；单一国家名称（如 China）用零冠词，但此类复合名称需加 “the”，“a/an” 表泛指（不存在多个英国），故选 C。 二、单句改错（5小题每题2分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，请找出并改正错误。 1.My brother wants to be doctor when he grows up. 【答案】在 “be” 后加 “a” 【解析】“doctor” 是可数名词单数，表 “一名医生”（泛指职业）时，需加不定冠词 “a”（“doctor” 以辅音音素开头）；原句遗漏不定冠词，导致 “职业泛指” 语义不完整，故选此修正方式。 2.She often plays piano for her family on weekends. 【答案】在 “plays” 后加 “the” 【解析】演奏西洋乐器（如 piano、violin、guitar）前需加定冠词 “the”，是固定规则；原句遗漏定冠词，不符合乐器类名词的使用习惯，故选此修正方式。 3.I have English class at 9:00 a.m. every Monday. 【答案】在 “have” 后加 “an” 【解析】“English class” 是可数名词单数，表 “一节英语课”（泛指）时，“English” 以元音音素开头，需加不定冠词 “an”；原句遗漏不定冠词，无法体现 “一节” 的数量含义，故选此修正方式。 4.The China is a great country with a long history. 【答案】删除 “China” 前的 “The” 【解析】国家名称（如 China、America、Japan）是专有名词，前通常用零冠词，无需加定冠词 “the”；原句多余定冠词，不符合国家名称的使用规则，故选此修正方式。 5.We will have a important meeting about environmental protection tomorrow. 【答案】将 “a” 改为 “an” 【解析】“important” 发音为 /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/，以元音音素开头，修饰可数名词单数 “meeting” 时，需用不定冠词 “an”；原句错用 “a”（用于辅音音素开头单词前），不符合 “元音音素前用 an” 的规则，故选此修正方式。 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版吉林省（高职分类考试）《英语考点双析卷》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》及历年高考真题进行编写。“考点双析”即围绕一个考点，一份是老师的讲解卷，一份是学生的练习卷，共涵盖20个考点的68份试卷，助力师生构建 “讲练结合” 的学习闭环，特别适用于第一轮高考复习。 本卷是2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》的第17卷，主要考查定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词。 2026版吉林省（对口招生）《英语考点双析卷》第17卷 定冠词、不定冠词与零冠词 教师讲解卷 一、单项选择（共30小题每题3分，共90分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.My cousin wants to be ______ engineer in the future, so he studies math very hard now. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2.We usually have ______ breakfast at 7:00 a.m., and then go to school by bus. A. a B. an C. the D. / 3.My mother plays ______ violin very well. She often performs at school events. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4.There is ______ “u” and ______ “s” in the word “use”. A. a; an B. an; a C. a; a D. an; an 5.______ Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. A. A B. An C. The D. / 6.My uncle works as ______ doctor in a small hospital in our hometown. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7.We will have ______ English test next Monday. Let’s start reviewing the textbook now. A. a B. an C. the D. / 8.______ moon looks very bright on quiet nights. It’s a beautiful sight. A. A B. An C. The D. / 9.My little sister likes playing ______ basketball after school. She is good at it. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10.I read ______ interesting book last night. It told a story about friendship. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11.______ People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. A. A B. An C. The D. / 12.We usually have ______ class meeting every Friday afternoon to discuss class issues. A. a B. an C. the D. / 13.My father often listens to ______ radio when he is cooking in the kitchen. A. a B. an C. the D. / 14.There is ______ park near my home. I often go for a walk there on weekends. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15.______ winter is cold in my hometown, but we can make snowmen and have fun. A. A B. An C. The D. / 16.My friend bought ______ new bike yesterday. ______ bike is red and looks very nice. A. a; The B. an; The C. a; A D. an; An 17.We visited ______ Great Wall when we traveled to Beijing last summer. A. a B. an C. the D. / 18.My teacher told us that ______ earth goes around ______ sun. A. a; a B. an; an C. the; the D. /; / 19.I need ______ umbrella because it is raining heavily outside. A. a B. an C. the D. / 20.______ Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. I want to visit it someday. A. A B. An C. The D. / 21.My sister has ______ cat. ______ cat is very cute and likes to play with balls. A. a; The B. an; The C. a; A D. an; An 22.We usually have ______ dinner at 6:30 p.m., and then watch TV together as a family. A. a B. an C. the D. / 23.My brother likes playing ______ chess with his friends on weekends. He often wins. A. a B. an C. the D. / 24.There is ______ “h” in the word “happy”. It is the first letter of the word. A. a B. an C. the D. / 25.______ Mid-Autumn Festival is a time for family members to get together and eat mooncakes. A. A B. An C. The D. / 26.I met ______ old man on my way to school this morning. He asked me for directions to the library. A. a B. an C. the D. / 27.My mother often goes to ______ supermarket near our community to buy vegetables. A. a B. an C. the D. / 28.______ music is an important part of our life. It can make us happy or calm. A. A B. An C. The D. / 29.We will have ______ picnic if the weather is fine this Sunday. A. a B. an C. the D. / 30.______ United Kingdom is a country in Europe. It is made up of four parts. A. A B. An C. The D. / 二、单句改错（5小题每题2分，共10分） 下列各句中都有一处错误，请找出并改正错误。 1.My brother wants to be doctor when he grows up. 2.She often plays piano for her family on weekends. 3.I have English class at 9:00 a.m. every Monday. 4.The China is a great country with a long history. 5.We will have a important meeting about environmental protection tomorrow. 试卷第1页，共3页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $