Unit 5 Into the unknown Developing ideas课件-2025-2026学年高中英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 5 Into the unknown Developing ideas Look at the picture and answer the questions. Do further research if necessary. What different zones are there in the ocean? Which parts of the ocean do you think have been explored? 200 m 1000 m 4000 m 6000 m 0 m ≈20℃ 5-10℃ 0-4℃ <0℃ Epipelagic Zone - The surface layer of the ocean is known as the epipelagic zone and extends from the surface to 200 metres (656 feet). It is also known as the sunlight zone because this is where most of the visible light exists. With the light comes heat. This heat is responsible for the wide range of temperatures that occur in this zone. Mesopelagic Zone - Below the epipelagic zone is the mesopelagic zone, extending from 200 metres (656 feet) to 1,000 metres (3,281 feet). The mesopelagic zone is sometimes referred to as the twilight zone or the midwater zone. The light that penetrates(刺入，穿透) to this depth is extremely faint. It is in this zone that we begin to see the twinkling lights of bioluminescent(生物性发光的) creatures. A great diversity of strange and bizarre(奇异的) fishes can be found here. Bathypelagic Zone - The next layer is called the bathypelagic zone. It is sometimes referred to as the midnight zone or the dark zone. This zone extends from 1,000 metres (3,281 feet) down to 4,000 metres (13,124 feet). Here the only visible light is that produced by the creatures themselves. The water pressure at this depth is immense, reaching 5,850 pounds per square inch. In spite of the pressure, a surprisingly large number of creatures can be found here. Sperm whales(巨头鲸) can dive down to this level in search of food. Most of the animals that live at these depths are black or red in color due to the lack of light. Abyssopelagic Zone - The next layer is called the abyssopelagic zone, also known as the abyssal zone or simply as the abyss. It extends from 4,000 metres (13,124 feet) to 6,000 metres (19,686 feet). The name comes from a Greek word meaning “no bottom”. The water temperature is near freezing, and there is no light at all. Very few creatures can be found at these crushing depths. Most of these are invertebrates(无脊椎动物) such as basket stars and tiny squids. Three-quarters of the ocean floor lies within this zone. The deepest fish ever discovered was found in the Puerto Rico Trench(海沟) at a depth of 27,460 feet (8,372 metres). What different zones are there in the ocean? Which parts of the ocean do you think have been explored? The different zones in the ocean are Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone, Midnight Zone and Abyssal Zone. Sunlight Zone, Twilight Zone. Look at the pictures and guess what it is for. Read the picture and discuss with your partner what information you get. Read the passage and find out what has been discovered in the ocean depths. DIVING DEEP Skim the passage and match the main idea. Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4 Para. 5 We are entering a new age of oceanic discovery. We have little knowledge of Earth’s sea bed. Many archaeological finds are made in shallow waters. There are extraordinary creatures in the deep sea. The oceans are a valuable source of natural resources. Read for structure Para. 1: Introduce the topic. Para. 2-4: Ocean __________. Para. 2: the _______ of Neapolis Para.3: amazing __________ discoveries Para. 5: ___________ is entering a new age of oceanic discovery. Humankind ruins Para.4: __________ of natural resources biological discovery exploration Diving deep Scan the passage and complete the diagram. OVER THE CENTURIES: sailing across oceans to explore Earth’s furthest corners Ocean exploration MODERN AGE: exploring 1___________ deep sea 2______________ exploration Finding ancient ruins in 3________________. Working to overcome challenges and make discoveries at 4______________. Example: 5__________________________ Archaeological shallow waters vast depths the ruins of Neapolis 6 _____________exploration Containing about 90 per cent of 7_______________. Helping comprehend 8__________________________. Examples: 9 _______________ 10 _______________ 11___________________________________________ _________________ Biological the planet’s fish bone-white coral the capacity for life on our planet the barreleye life to be found even around the deep-sea volcanic openings Discovery of natural resources Discovering new natural resources. Studying 12 _________________. Identifying areas for 13 ____________________. Examples: 14 _______________________ 15 _______________________ “fire ice” deep-sea drilling the sea bed China’s underwater vessels What writing skills are used in the passage? Statistics & examples The discourse markers(语篇标记) As you read, notice the discourse markers used in the text, eg in addition, also, however, furthermore, as well as. These markers function like road signs, helping you connect ideas and understand the writer’s attitude and opinions. discourse markers Statistics Examples whole city buried beneath the waves the ancient Roman city of Neapolis location:______________________ time: __________________ cause:__________________ off the coast of Tunisia tsunami the 4th century Examples in para. 2 the ancient Roman city of Neapolis Examples in para. 3 200 metres dark zone 6000 metres deep 8000 metres Name:________________________ Age: ________________________ Name:_____________ Features: _________________________________ barreleye transparent forehead eyes can look upwards bone-white coral 4000 years old life to be found even around the deep sea vocalnic openings Examples Examples in para. 4 China’s achievements New natural resource: __________ Underwater vessels: ___________________________ fire ice Jiaolong & Shenhai Yongshi Tip: The use of statistics and examples make the passage more convincing. The deep sea is Earth’s last frontier. We should protect deep-sea ecosystems to contribute to the future sustainable development and ecological balance of the earth. $