Unit 1 Caring for each other 派生法记单词 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语冀教版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语知识清单聚焦冀教版选必4 Unit 1“Caring for each other”主题下的派生词汇学习。以70个核心原词为基础，通过词性转换、词缀变化等派生法生成派生词，构建“原词-派生词-语境例句”的词汇网络，为学生提供系统的词汇学习支架。 资料以“原词溯源-派生拓展-语境应用”为逻辑链路，原词与派生词对应清晰，例句结合生活场景与单元主题，助力学生在语境中提升语言能力。通过反义词对比、词性关联等设计培养思维品质，结构化表格呈现便于学生掌握科学学习策略，提升学习效率，适合课堂教学与自主学习。

冀教版 选必4 Unit 1 Caring for each other.派生法记单词 序号 原词 原词例句 派生词 派生词例句 1 urban adj. 城市的；都市的 随着城市化进程加快，城市生活变得越来越便利。With the acceleration of urbanization, urban life has become more and more convenient. urbanization n. 城市化 政府出台多项政策，引导城市化健康发展。The government has introduced a number of policies to guide the healthy development of urbanization. 2 appetite n. 食欲；胃口 这款开胃菜能刺激食欲，让大家更有胃口吃饭。This appetizer can stimulate appetite and make everyone more willing to eat. appetizing adj. 开胃的；诱人的 刚出锅的红烧肉香气扑鼻，看起来十分开胃。The braised pork just out of the pot is fragrant and looks very appetizing. 3 visible adj. 看得见的；可见的 大雾天气里，远处的建筑物几乎看不见，可见度很低。In heavy fog, distant buildings are barely visible, and visibility is very low. 1. visibility n. 能见度；可见性2. invisible adj. 隐形的（反义词） 1. 雨天驾驶要减速慢行，因为低能见度会影响视线。Drive slowly in rainy days, because low visibility will affect vision.2. 空气中有很多隐形颗粒，需要戴口罩防护。There are many invisible particles in the air, and masks are needed for protection. 4 receptionist n. 接待员 前台接待员热情地为来访客人登记信息。The receptionist at the front desk warmly registers information for visiting guests. reception n. 接待；前台 公司的接待前台布置得很温馨，给客人留下好印象。The company's reception desk is decorated warmly, leaving a good impression on guests. 5 slice n. （食物）薄片 v. 切薄片 妈妈把面包切成薄片，方便搭配牛奶当早餐。Mother sliced the bread into thin slices, which are convenient to match with milk for breakfast. slice v. 切薄片 厨师熟练地把土豆切片，准备做酸辣土豆丝。The chef skillfully sliced the potatoes to make spicy and sour shredded potatoes. 6 construction n. 建筑；建造 这片区域正在进行建筑施工，路过时要注意安全。Construction is underway in this area; please pay attention to safety when passing by. 1. construct v. 建造；构建2. constructive adj. 建设性的 1. 工程师们计划用半年时间建造这座跨海大桥。Engineers plan to construct this cross-sea bridge in half a year.2. 针对项目问题，他提出了几条建设性建议，很有参考价值。He put forward several constructive suggestions for project problems, which are of great reference value. 7 appointment n. 约定；预约 我和医生预约了明天上午就诊，需要按时赴约。I made an appointment with the doctor for tomorrow morning and need to keep the appointment on time. appoint v. 任命；安排 公司任命他为部门经理，负责统筹部门日常工作。The company appointed him as the department manager, responsible for coordinating the daily work of the department. 8 dominate v. 影响，支配 这家企业凭借先进技术，在行业中支配市场份额。This enterprise dominates the market share in the industry with advanced technology. 1. dominance n. 主导地位2. dominant adj. 主导的 1. 该品牌在高端市场占据主导地位，竞争力很强。This brand has dominance in the high-end market and strong competitiveness.2. 互联网在当今社会扮演着主导角色，改变了人们的生活方式。The Internet plays a dominant role in today's society and has changed people's lifestyles. 9 fog n. 雾 清晨的雾很大，高速公路暂时封闭了一段时间。The fog in the early morning was heavy, and the highway was temporarily closed for a while. foggy adj. 有雾的 有雾的天气不适合户外锻炼，容易影响呼吸系统。Foggy weather is not suitable for outdoor exercise, as it easily affects the respiratory system. 10 surgeon n. 外科医生 这位外科医生经验丰富，成功完成了多台复杂手术。This surgeon is experienced and has successfully performed many complex surgeries. 1. surgical adj. 外科的2. surgery n. 外科手术 1. 医院引进了先进的外科设备，提高了手术成功率。The hospital has introduced advanced surgical equipment, improving the success rate of operations.2. 他明天要接受心脏手术，家人都在医院陪伴。He will undergo heart surgery tomorrow, and his family are all accompanying him in the hospital. 11 dentist n. 牙科医生 牙科医生建议我们每天早晚刷牙，保护牙齿健康。The dentist advises us to brush our teeth morning and night to protect dental health. 1. dental adj. 牙科的2. dentistry n. 牙科学 1. 这家医院的牙科门诊很受欢迎，预约经常爆满。The dental clinic of this hospital is very popular, and appointments are often full.2. 他大学主修牙科学，毕业后成为了一名优秀的牙科医生。He majored in dentistry in college and became an excellent dentist after graduation. 12 nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的 核能是一种高效能源，但需要做好安全防护措施。Nuclear energy is an efficient energy source, but safety protection measures need to be taken. nucleus n. 核；核心 原子的核心是原子核，包含质子和中子。The nucleus of an atom is the atomic nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons. 13 surgery n. 外科手术 经过三个小时的手术，病人终于脱离了危险。After three hours of surgery, the patient was finally out of danger. 1. surgical adj. 外科的2. operate v. 做手术（关联词） 1. 护士正在准备外科手术器械，确保手术顺利进行。The nurse is preparing surgical instruments to ensure the smooth progress of the operation.2. 医生将为病人做心脏手术，预计耗时两小时。The doctor will operate on the patient's heart, which is expected to take two hours. 14 subsequent adj. 随后的 他今天请假了，随后的工作交接由同事负责。He asked for leave today, and the subsequent work handover is in charge of his colleague. subsequently adv. 随后；后来 他先是在基层工作，后来被调到总部担任管理岗位。He first worked at the grassroots level and was subsequently transferred to the headquarters as a management position. 15 saving n. 存款；节约 他每个月都会存一部分钱作为存款，以备不时之需。He sets aside a part of his money as savings every month for emergencies. 1. save v. 节省；拯救2. savings n. 储蓄（复数） 1. 我们要节约用电，随手关灯能减少能源浪费。We should save electricity; turning off lights casually can reduce energy waste.2. 他用多年的储蓄买了一套房子，终于有了自己的家。He bought a house with his savings over the years and finally had his own home. 16 desperate adj. 绝望的 失去亲人后，她一度陷入绝望，好在家人一直陪伴。After losing her loved one, she was desperate for a time, but fortunately her family accompanied her all the time. 1. desperately adv. 绝望地；极度地2. desperation n. 绝望 1. 他极度需要一份工作来养家，每天都在四处奔波。He desperately needs a job to support his family and runs around every day.2. 他在绝望中做出了冲动的决定，事后非常后悔。He made an impulsive decision out of desperation and regretted it very much afterwards. 17 chairman n. 委员长，主席 会议由委员会主席主持，大家积极发表意见。The meeting was chaired by the chairman of the committee, and everyone actively expressed their opinions. chair n. 主席职位；椅子 v. 主持 他担任会议主席，负责把控会议节奏和方向。He took the chair of the meeting and was responsible for controlling the rhythm and direction of the meeting. 18 council n. 委员会 城市规划委员会正在讨论新的城市建设方案。The city planning council is discussing a new urban construction plan. counsel n. 建议；法律顾问 公司聘请了专业法律顾问，为业务发展提供法律建议。The company hired a professional legal counsel to provide legal advice for business development. 19 guilty adj. 感到内疚的；惭愧的 他因为忘记朋友的生日而感到内疚，赶紧补送了礼物。He felt guilty for forgetting his friend's birthday and quickly sent a gift as compensation. guilt n. 内疚；罪行 内心的内疚让他夜不能寐，最终选择向对方道歉。The guilt in his heart made him unable to sleep at night, and he finally chose to apologize to the other party. 20 bet v. 敢说；下赌注 n. 赌注；打赌 我敢说他一定会来参加聚会，我们可以打个小赌。I bet he will definitely come to the party; we can make a small bet. bet n. 赌注；打赌 他们以一杯咖啡为赌注，打赌谁能先完成任务。They made a bet with a cup of coffee on who could finish the task first. 21 sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛 奶奶的离世让全家人沉浸在悲伤中，久久无法释怀。Grandma's passing made the whole family immersed in sorrow and couldn't let go for a long time. 1. sorrowful adj. 悲伤的2. sorrowfully adv. 悲伤地 1. 她脸上露出悲伤的表情，让人忍不住想安慰她。She had a sorrowful expression on her face, making people want to comfort her.2. 他悲伤地讲述着过去的经历，在场的人都为之动容。He talked about his past experiences sorrowfully, and everyone present was moved. 22 depress v. 使沮丧；使消沉 连续的失败让他很沮丧，做什么事都提不起劲。Continuous failures depressed him, and he couldn't get motivated to do anything. 1. depressed adj. 沮丧的2. depression n. 抑郁；沮丧 1. 他最近情绪很沮丧，需要家人和朋友的关心。He has been depressed recently and needs the care of family and friends.2. 长期的压力可能导致抑郁，我们要学会调节心态。Long-term stress may lead to depression, and we should learn to adjust our mindset. 23 loan n. 贷款；借款 v. 借出；贷款 他向银行申请了一笔贷款，用于创业启动资金。He applied for a loan from the bank for startup funds. 1. loan v. 借出；贷款2. loaned adj. 借出的 1. 银行同意贷款给他，帮助他解决资金困难。The bank agreed to loan him money to help him solve his financial difficulties.2. 这些借出的资金需要按时偿还，否则会影响信用。These loaned funds need to be repaid on time, otherwise credit will be affected. 24 sympathy n. 同情 听到她的遭遇，大家都表达了同情，愿意提供帮助。Hearing about her experience, everyone expressed sympathy and was willing to provide help. sympathetic adj. 同情的；支持的 老师用同情的语气安慰考试失利的学生，鼓励他继续努力。The teacher comforted the student who failed the exam in a sympathetic tone and encouraged him to keep working hard. 25 assistant n. 助理；助教 经理助理负责整理会议资料，协助经理安排日程。The manager's assistant is responsible for organizing meeting materials and assisting the manager in arranging the schedule. 1. assist v. 帮助；协助2. assistance n. 帮助；协助 1. 志愿者们主动帮助老人过马路，传递社会温暖。Volunteers took the initiative to assist the elderly in crossing the road, passing on social warmth.2. 遇到困难时，及时寻求帮助能让问题更快解决。When encountering difficulties, seeking assistance in time can solve problems faster. 26 overwhelm v. （感情）充溢；压倒 巨大的喜悦让她不知所措，激动得说不出话来。Great joy overwhelmed her, and she was too excited to speak. 1. overwhelmed adj. 不知所措的；被压倒的2. overwhelm n. 压倒；泛滥 1. 面对堆积如山的工作，他感到不知所措，需要合理规划时间。Facing a mountain of work, he felt overwhelmed and needed to plan his time reasonably.2. 暴雨导致洪水泛滥，当地政府紧急组织救援。Heavy rains caused the overwhelm of floods, and the local government urgently organized rescue. 27 inquire v. 询问；打听 他打电话到客服中心，询问订单的物流进度。He called the customer service center to inquire about the logistics progress of the order. inquiry n. 询问；调查 针对群众的询问，相关部门会尽快给出明确答复。Relevant departments will give a clear reply as soon as possible to the public's inquiry. 28 consultation n. 就诊；咨询 他预约了专家咨询，希望解决长期的健康问题。He made an appointment for an expert consultation, hoping to solve long-term health problems. 1. consult v. 咨询；请教2. consultative adj. 咨询的 1. 在做重要决定前，咨询专业人士的意见很有必要。Before making important decisions, it is necessary to consult professionals for advice.2. 公司召开了咨询会议，邀请行业专家提供发展建议。The company held a consultative meeting and invited industry experts to provide development suggestions. 29 clinic n. 诊所 这家社区诊所虽然不大，但能满足居民的基本医疗需求。This community clinic is not large, but it can meet the basic medical needs of residents. clinical adj. 临床的；诊所的 医生根据临床经验，为患者制定了个性化治疗方案。Based on clinical experience, the doctor formulated a personalized treatment plan for the patient. 30 cycle v. 骑自行车 n. 循环；自行车 他每天骑自行车上班，既环保又能锻炼身体。He cycles to work every day, which is both environmentally friendly and good for exercise. 1. cycle n. 循环；自行车2. cyclical adj. 循环的 1. 四季更替是自然循环，体现了大自然的规律。The alternation of the four seasons is a natural cycle, reflecting the laws of nature.2. 经济发展存在循环波动，需要政府宏观调控。Economic development has cyclical fluctuations, requiring government macro-control. 31 handle v. 处理；控制 n. 把手；处理 他经验丰富，能妥善处理工作中遇到的各种问题。He is experienced and can handle various problems encountered in work properly. 1. handle n. 把手；处理2. handled adj. 处理过的 1. 这个箱子的把手坏了，需要找工具修理一下。The handle of this box is broken and needs to be repaired with tools.2. 这些处理过的文件要分类存档，方便后续查阅。These handled documents should be classified and archived for easy subsequent reference. 32 bless v. 祝福 家人团聚时，长辈们总会祝福晚辈健康快乐成长。When family members gather, elders always bless the younger generation to grow up healthily and happily. 1. blessing n. 祝福；幸事2. blessed adj. 幸福的；受祝福的 1. 新年伊始，大家互相送上美好的祝福，期盼新的一年顺利。At the beginning of the new year, everyone sends good blessings to each other, hoping for a smooth new year.2. 能和家人一起度过节日，是一件非常幸福的事。Being able to spend festivals with family is a blessed thing. 33 selfless adj. 无私的 这位志愿者无私地奉献自己的时间，帮助困难群体。This volunteer selflessly devotes his time to helping disadvantaged groups. 1. selflessness n. 无私2. selfish adj. 自私的（反义词） 1. 他的无私精神感染了身边的人，越来越多人加入公益队伍。His selflessness has infected people around him, and more and more people have joined the public welfare team.2. 自私的人只考虑自己，很难建立良好的人际关系。Selfish people only think about themselves and it is difficult to establish good interpersonal relationships. 34 worthwhile adj. 重要的；值得的 花时间学习一门新技能是值得的，能提升个人竞争力。It is worthwhile to spend time learning a new skill, which can improve personal competitiveness. 1. worth adj. 值得的；有价值的 n. 价值2. worth n. 价值 1. 这部电影很值得一看，里面的剧情很有深度。This movie is well worth watching, and the plot is very in-depth.2. 每个人都要实现自己的人生价值，让生活更有意义。Everyone should realize their own life worth and make life more meaningful. 35 appreciate v. 感激；欣赏 我很感激他在我困难时伸出援手，这份情谊很难忘。I appreciate him giving me a hand when I was in trouble; this friendship is unforgettable. 1. appreciation n. 感激；欣赏2. appreciative adj. 感激的 1. 他向帮助过自己的人表达感激，送上了精心准备的礼物。He expressed his appreciation to those who had helped him and sent carefully prepared gifts.2. 老师对学生的进步感到欣慰，露出了感激的笑容。The teacher was pleased with the student's progress and showed an appreciative smile. 36 presence n. 存在；在场 他的在场让气氛变得轻松，大家都愿意敞开心扉交流。His presence made the atmosphere relaxed, and everyone was willing to open up and communicate. 1. present adj. 在场的；现在的 n. 礼物 v. 呈现；赠送2. present v. 呈现；赠送 1. 在场的嘉宾都对这次活动的安排表示满意。All the present guests expressed satisfaction with the arrangement of this event.2. 他向母校赠送了一批图书，希望能帮助更多学生。He presented a batch of books to his alma mater, hoping to help more students. 37 gesture n. 姿势；手势 v. 做手势；示意 他用手势示意大家安静，然后开始讲话。He made a gesture to signal everyone to be quiet, then started speaking. gesture v. 做手势；示意 交警在路口做手势指挥交通，保障道路畅通。Traffic police gestured to direct traffic at the intersection to ensure smooth roads. 38 elderly adj. 年纪较大的 社区为年纪较大的居民提供免费体检服务，关爱老年人健康。The community provides free physical examination services for elderly residents, caring for the health of the elderly. elder n. 长辈；年长者 我们要尊重长辈，多倾听他们的人生经验和建议。We should respect elders and listen more to their life experience and suggestions. 39 compliment n. 赞扬；称赞 v. 赞扬；恭维 她收到了同事的赞扬，因为她出色地完成了项目任务。She received a compliment from her colleague because she completed the project task excellently. compliment v. 赞扬；恭维 老师赞扬学生的创意，鼓励他们继续发挥想象力。The teacher complimented the students on their creativity and encouraged them to continue to use their imagination. 40 flu n. 流行性感冒 冬季是流行性感冒高发期，要注意保暖和个人卫生。Winter is a high-incidence period for flu, so we should pay attention to keeping warm and personal hygiene. flu-like adj. 流感样的 他出现了流感样症状，比如发烧、咳嗽，需要及时就医。He developed flu-like symptoms, such as fever and cough, and needed to see a doctor in time. 41 virus n. 病毒 这种病毒传播速度快，我们要做好防护措施。This virus spreads quickly, and we need to take protective measures. viral adj. 病毒性的；病毒传播的 医生诊断他患有病毒性感冒，开了针对性的药物。The doctor diagnosed him with a viral cold and prescribed targeted medicine. 42 investment n. 投资；投入 公司在技术研发上加大投资，希望推出更优质的产品。The company increased investment in technology research and development, hoping to launch better products. 1. invest v. 投资；投入2. invested adj. 投入的；感兴趣的 1. 他决定投资新能源产业，看好这个领域的发展前景。He decided to invest in the new energy industry, optimistic about the development prospects of this field.2. 她对这个项目很感兴趣，愿意投入更多时间和精力。She is invested in this project and willing to put in more time and energy. 43 nursing n. 护理；看护 护士的护理工作很辛苦，需要耐心和专业知识。Nursing work of nurses is very hard and requires patience and professional knowledge. 1. nurse v. 护理；养育 n. 护士2. nurse n. 护士 1. 她精心护理生病的母亲，帮助母亲尽快康复。She carefully nursed her sick mother to help her recover as soon as possible.2. 医院新增了多名护士，缓解了护理人员不足的问题。The hospital has added many nurses, alleviating the shortage of nursing staff. 44 flourish v. 茁壮成长；繁荣 在良好的环境中，树苗茁壮成长，几年后长成了大树。In a good environment, the saplings flourished and grew into big trees after a few years. flourishing adj. 繁荣的；兴旺的 这座城市的经济繁荣，吸引了大量年轻人前来发展。This city has a flourishing economy, attracting a large number of young people to develop here. 45 sow v. 播种 农民们在春天播种，期待秋天能有好收成。Farmers sow seeds in spring, looking forward to a good harvest in autumn. sowing n. 播种；播种期 播种期天气晴朗，有利于种子发芽和生长。The weather is sunny during the sowing period, which is conducive to seed germination and growth. 46 responsibility n. 责任；负责 每个人都要承担自己的责任，做好分内的事情。Everyone should take their own responsibility and do their part well. 1. responsible adj. 负责任的2. responsibly adv. 负责任地 1. 他是一个负责任的员工，总是把工作放在第一位。He is a responsible employee who always puts work first.2. 我们要负责任地使用资源，避免浪费。We should use resources responsibly to avoid waste. 47 indifference n. 漠不关心 对他人的困难漠不关心，会让社会失去温暖。Indifference to others' difficulties will make society lose warmth. 1. indifferent adj. 漠不关心的2. indifferently adv. 漠不关心地 1. 他对周围的事情漠不关心，总是独来独往。He is indifferent to things around him and always goes alone.2. 面对需要帮助的人，我们不能漠不关心，要伸出援手。Facing people in need of help, we cannot treat them indifferently and should give a hand. 48 accuse v. 谴责；控告 他被控告盗窃公司财物，目前案件正在调查中。He was accused of stealing company property, and the case is currently under investigation. 1. accusation n. 控告；指责2. accusatory adj. 指责的 1. 面对不实的控告，他选择用证据证明自己的清白。Facing false accusations, he chose to use evidence to prove his innocence.2. 她用指责的语气批评了这种不道德的行为。She criticized this unethical behavior in an accusatory tone. 49 blame v. 责怪；归咎于 n. 责任；责怪 不要总是责怪别人，要先反思自己是否有问题。Don't always blame others; first reflect on whether you have problems. 1. blame n. 责任；责怪2. blameless adj. 无过错的 1. 这次事故的责任不在他，大家不应该责怪他。The blame for this accident is not on him, and everyone should not blame him.2. 他在这件事上是无过错的，只是被意外牵连。He is blameless in this matter and was only accidentally involved. 50 mature adj. 成熟的 v. 成熟；长成 他虽然年纪不大，但做事很成熟，让人放心。Although he is not old, he acts maturely and makes people feel at ease. 1. mature v. 成熟；长成2. maturely adv. 成熟地 1. 随着年龄增长，我们的心智会逐渐成熟，学会思考。As we grow older, our minds will gradually mature and we will learn to think.2. 面对矛盾，他成熟地处理，避免了冲突升级。Facing contradictions, he handled them maturely and avoided the escalation of conflicts. 51 acknowledge v. 承认（属实） 他承认自己的错误，并向受到影响的人道歉。He acknowledged his mistake and apologized to those affected. 1. acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢2. acknowledged adj. 公认的 1. 他的努力得到了大家的承认，获得了年度优秀员工奖。His efforts were acknowledged by everyone, and he won the Annual Excellent Employee Award.2. 这是一个公认的事实，不需要再争论。This is an acknowledged fact and no further argument is needed. 52 foolish adj. 愚蠢的 做出这种决定很愚蠢，会带来很多不必要的麻烦。It is foolish to make such a decision, which will bring a lot of unnecessary trouble. 1. fool n. 傻瓜；愚人 v. 欺骗；愚弄2. fool v. 欺骗；愚弄 1. 不要做傻瓜，轻易相信陌生人的话。Don't be a fool and easily believe what strangers say.2. 他不会欺骗别人，因为他知道诚实的重要性。He will not fool others because he knows the importance of honesty. 53 misplaced adj. 给错对象的；不该给的 这份文件给错了人，是一次不该发生的失误。This document was misplaced, which was an unnecessary mistake. misplace v. 放错地方；错付 他经常放错钥匙，每次都要花很长时间寻找。He often misplaces his keys and has to spend a long time looking for them every time. 54 bond n. 关系；纽带 v. 建立联系；粘合 亲情是无法割舍的关系，连接着家庭成员的心。Family bond is an inseparable relationship that connects the hearts of family members. bond v. 建立联系；粘合 孩子们在游戏中建立联系，很快成为了好朋友。The children bonded during the game and soon became good friends. 55 virtuous adj. 品行端正的 他是一个品行端正的人，总是乐于助人，遵守道德规范。He is a virtuous person who is always willing to help others and abide by moral norms. virtue n. 美德；优点 诚实是一种美德，值得我们每个人拥有和传承。Honesty is a virtue worthy of being owned and inherited by each of us. 56 finance v. 提供资金 n. 财政；金融 政府为这个公益项目提供资金，支持其长期发展。The government finances this public welfare project to support its long-term development. 1. finance n. 财政；金融2. financial adj. 金融的；财务的 1. 他在金融领域工作多年，对市场动态很敏感。He has worked in the finance field for many years and is very sensitive to market trends.2. 公司目前面临一些财务问题，需要制定合理的解决方案。The company is currently facing some financial problems and needs to formulate a reasonable solution. 57 calculate v. 计算；核算 会计需要仔细计算公司的收支，确保数据准确无误。Accountants need to carefully calculate the company's income and expenditure to ensure accurate data. 1. calculation n. 计算；估算2. calculated adj. 故意的；计算出的 1. 这个问题需要复杂的计算，建议用计算器辅助。This problem requires complex calculation; it is recommended to use a calculator for assistance.2. 他做出这个决定是故意的，经过了深思熟虑。His decision was calculated and made after careful consideration. 58 equivalent n. 等量；对应词 adj. 相等的；等价的 一千克等价于一公斤，这是国际通用的重量换算。One kilogram is equivalent to one kilogram, which is an internationally accepted weight conversion. equivalent adj. 相等的；等价的 这两种物质的质量相等，在实验中可以相互替代。The mass of these two substances is equivalent and can be substituted for each other in the experiment. 59 equator n. 赤道 赤道附近地区气候炎热，全年高温多雨。Areas near the equator have a hot climate with high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year. equatorial adj. 赤道的 赤道地区的生态系统丰富多样，有很多独特的动植物。The equatorial region has a rich and diverse ecosystem with many unique animals and plants. 60 anticipate v. 期望；预料 我们预料这次活动会很成功，提前做好了各项准备。We anticipate that this event will be very successful and have made various preparations in advance. 1. anticipation n. 预料；期待2. anticipatory adj. 预期的 1. 大家对新产品的推出充满期待，纷纷表示会购买。Everyone is full of anticipation for the launch of the new product and has expressed their willingness to buy it.2. 听到好消息后，她露出了预期的笑容，非常开心。After hearing the good news, she showed an anticipatory smile and was very happy. 61 sincerely adv. 真诚地；诚实地 他真诚地向对方道歉，希望能得到原谅。He sincerely apologized to the other party, hoping to be forgiven. sincere adj. 真诚的；诚挚的 她用真诚的态度对待每一个朋友，收获了很多真挚的友谊。She treats every friend with a sincere attitude and has gained many sincere friendships. 62 surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 周围的环境很安静，适合静下心来学习。The surrounding environment is very quiet, suitable for calming down to study. 1. surroundings n. 环境（复数）2. surround v. 包围；环绕 1. 我们要保护好生活环境，让空气更清新，景色更优美。We should protect our living surroundings to make the air fresher and the scenery more beautiful.2. 群山环绕着这座小镇，形成了独特的地理景观。Mountains surround this small town, forming a unique geographical landscape. 63 reject v. 拒绝接受 他的申请被拒绝了，因为不符合岗位的招聘要求。His application was rejected because it did not meet the recruitment requirements of the position. 1. rejection n. 拒绝；否决2. rejected adj. 被拒绝的 1. 面对拒绝，他没有气馁，而是总结经验继续努力。Facing rejection, he was not discouraged but summarized his experience and continued to work hard.2. 这些被拒绝的方案需要修改后重新提交审核。These rejected plans need to be revised and resubmitted for review. 64 demanding adj. 费力的；要求高的 这份工作要求很高，需要具备专业技能和责任心。This job is demanding and requires professional skills and a sense of responsibility. 1. demand v. 要求；需要 n. 需求；要求2. demand n. 需求；要求 1. 客户要求我们在一周内完成项目，时间很紧迫。The client demands that we complete the project within a week, and the time is very tight.2. 随着生活水平提高，人们对高品质产品的需求不断增加。With the improvement of living standards, people's demand for high-quality products continues to increase. 65 dump n. 垃圾场 v. 倾倒；丢弃 垃圾场堆满了各种废弃物，需要及时清理和分类。The dump is full of various wastes, which need to be cleaned up and sorted in time. 1. dump v. 倾倒；丢弃2. dumped adj. 被丢弃的 1. 禁止向河流中倾倒垃圾，保护水资源不受污染。Dumping garbage into rivers is prohibited to protect water resources from pollution.2. 这些被丢弃的旧家具还能使用，建议捐赠给需要的人。These dumped old furniture can still be used and are recommended to be donated to those in need. 66 illiterate adj. 文盲的 政府开展扫盲活动，帮助文盲人群学习知识，提升能力。The government carries out literacy activities to help illiterate people learn knowledge and improve their abilities. illiteracy n. 文盲；无知 扫盲工作有效降低了文盲率，提高了全民文化水平。Literacy work has effectively reduced illiteracy and improved the national cultural level. 67 coward n. 胆小鬼 面对困难不能做胆小鬼，要勇敢地去克服。Don't be a coward in the face of difficulties; be brave to overcome them. cowardly adj. 胆小的；懦弱的 他这种胆小的行为受到了大家的批评，应该勇敢一点。His cowardly behavior was criticized by everyone, and he should be braver. 68 arch v. （使）成弓形 n. 拱门；拱形结构 彩虹在空中形成弓形，像一座彩色的桥。The rainbow arched in the sky like a colorful bridge. 1. arch n. 拱门；拱形结构2. arched adj. 拱形的 1. 古城门的拱门设计很有特色，体现了古代建筑风格。The arch design of the ancient city gate is very distinctive, reflecting the ancient architectural style.2. 这座建筑有很多拱形窗户，采光和通风都很好。This building has many arched windows, which have good lighting and ventilation. 69 competence n. 能力；胜任 他的专业能力很强，完全能胜任这个重要岗位。His professional competence is very strong, and he is fully competent for this important position. competent adj. 有能力的；胜任的 公司需要有能力的员工，共同推动业务发展。The company needs competent employees to jointly promote business development. 70 coincidence n. 巧合 他们在同一个地方相遇，真是太巧合了。It was such a coincidence that they met in the same place. coincidental adj. 巧合的；偶然的 这次偶然的相遇，让他们重新建立了联系。This coincidental meeting allowed them to re-establish contact. 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $