Unit 3 Getting along with others Grammar and usage 课件学案教学设计-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版必修第一册

Unit 3 Getting along with others Grammar: Restrictive relative clause Ms. Yang Lead-in Think and answer. What is a real friend? A real friend is someone who____________________. share happiness and sorrow care about you stand by you help you in need cheer for you Can an online friend be a real friend? Lead-in Think and answer. Any disadvantages? Lead-in Read and answer. Read the passage on page34 and answer the following questions. What is a real friend: Disadvantage of making friends online: A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Friendships online can be very shallow. Texting and messaging can't replace face-to-face chatting. Sharing experiences on social media is not enough to express one's values. “Liking” friends’ photos online doesn’t develop the connection with them. Presentation Read and find. Find the sentences followed by restrictive relatives clauses with relative pronouns. Antecedent (先行词) Relative pronoun(关系代词) 1 friends whom we love 2 someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out someone sees our true self 3 someone whose support we count on 4 values which matter most to us connection we share 5 face that we show to the world tools keep us connected Presentation Discuss and explore. Discuss with your partners to work out the rules. which who that whose (拥有,所有) 限 制 性 定 语 从 句 关 系 代 词 名 词、 代 词 或 名 词 短 语 修 饰 关 系 副 词 Presentation Watch and enjoy. The boy who broke the window is Tom. He is the man who we are waiting for. This is the teacher whom we like best. who and whom who指人，充当从句________________， whom指人，只充当从句______________。 宾语 主语 宾语 Exploration Observe and think. 主语或宾语 宾语(可以省略) A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man that I told you about. He is no longer the boy that he was. He is reading a book which is too difficult for him. Is this the library from which you borrow books? that 指______，作________________________________ which指物，作_________________________，若_________则不可省。 主语 表语 主语 宾语 宾语 that and which Exploration Observe and think. 人或物 主语或宾语或表语（作宾语可省略） 介词前置 主语或宾语（作宾语可省略) This is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. The girl whose hair is golden is Amy. The girl of whom the hair is golden is Amy. whose 表示它前面的名词与它后面的名词为____关系。 可指______，可与____________互换。 主句 从句 = the book’s 从句 = the girl’s whose Exploration Observe and think. 所属 of which/whom 人或物 ② The girl (who/whom/that) you saw in the park is my cousin. ① This is the book (which/ that) I want to read. ___ ___ ③ Rose is the person to whom you can turn for help. ______ ④ Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now? ______ that *指__ 时可替代which; *指__ 时可替代who/whom； *作宾语时可省略； *介词+关系代词的情况下，不用that 物 人 11 关系代词 所修饰先行词 在从句中所作的成分 who whom which that whose 人 人 宾语 物 主语/宾语 人/物 主语/宾语/表语 人/物 定语 主语/宾语 作宾语时可省略 Exploration Summarize The steps to choose the proper relative pronouns 1. 划分主从句 2. 找准先行词 3. 定位从句中的谓语动词 划 4. 判断先行词在从句中充当的成分 找 定 判 Practice Apply and consolidate. 13 1.The party _____ was organized by Tom was held outdoors in the afternoon. fr 找出下列句子的定语从句、先行词、并填写关系代词 2.I frequently visit a scientist _____name is known all over the country .fr 3.Mary likes music ___ is quiet and gentle . fr 先行词 主语 先行词 先行词 定语 主语 (which/that) (whose) (which/that) 14 4.It is hard to name a comedy star ____ hasn't been on the stage here . fr 5.The 2023 New Year's speech ______ was delivered by President Xi is very inspiring. fr 6.I got a call from a friend _____ I hadn't contacted for a long time . fr 主语 主语 宾语 先行词 先行词 先行词 (who/that) (which/that) (whom/that) 15 Did you know the man who/that spoke just now? 用合适的关系代词将下列句子合并成一句话 I have read the newspaper which/that has the interesting news. Did you know the man? He spoke just now. １. who/that which/that I have read the newspaper. It has the interesting news. ２ 16 I showed him the letter which/that I received this morning. 用合适的关系代词将下列句子合并成一句话 He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people. I showed him the letter? I received it this morning. 3. which/that He is a popular singer. His song is popular among young people. 4 17 Practice Apply and consolidate. Choose one card to challenge! Challenge yourself !! 1. The first thing that you should do is call the police right away. 你应该做的第一件事就是马上报警。 2. This is the most delicious food that I have ever had. 这是我吃过的最美味的食物。 3. All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 4. Tell me everything that you know. 把你知道的一切都告诉我吧。 5. Please send us any information that you have about the subject. 请把你掌握的有关这个主题的任何信息发送给我们。 Practice Apply and consolidate. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 宜用that不宜用which引导定语从句的情况 : 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 当先行词是all, any, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时。 1. The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。 2. This is the very book that I want to buy. 这就是我想买的那本书。 3. Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things that upset us. 有时，我们应该不理会让我们不快的人和事。 4. Who is the man that is making a speech? 做讲座的人是谁？ Practice Apply and consolidate. 宜用that不宜用which引导定语从句的情况 : 当先行词被 the only, the very, the same等修饰时。 当先行词既包括人又包括物时。 句中已有疑问词who或者which时，避免重复。 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1. Football, which is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world. 足球是一项有趣的运动，在全世界非常受欢迎。 2. This is the house in which Mo Yan once lived. 这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。 3. That which you told him is what we want to know. 你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。 Practice Apply and consolidate. 宜用which不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 : 引导非限制性定语从句时。 当关系代词前有介词时。 当先行词本身就是that时。 ( ) ( ) ( ) 1. Is there anyone in your class who is good at singing? 你们班有人擅长唱歌吗？ 2. He who plays a trick must be prepared to take a joke. 3. There is a young lady who is in a state of shock. 有位年轻女士休克了。 4. The students you should learn from are those who graduated from famous universities. 你应该向那些从著名大学毕业的学生学习。 Practice Apply and consolidate. 宜用who不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 ： 当先行词是he，she，they或指人的不定代词时, 如one, ones, anyone, no one, nobody, anybody等。 在there be结构中，先行词指人时。 当先行词是those时。 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 耍花招的人必定会受到戏弄。 1. The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近。 2. I'm fond of the piece of music which is popular with the teenagers. 我喜欢在青少年中流行的那支曲子。 3. He is one of the students who have a good command of French. 他是精通法语的学生之一。 4. He is the only one of the students who has a good command of French. 他是学生中唯一精通法语的。 Practice Apply and consolidate. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 定语从句中的主谓一致 ： 关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式根据先行词的形式确定。 one of +复数名词+定语从句（复数谓语）。 the only one of +复数名词+定语从句（单数谓语） Practice Apply and consolidate. Learn the situation when the the antecedent(先行词) is “way” (in which/that) you have been helped. You speak to her in the way _____________ I don't like. which/that/(不填) When the antecedent is “way” and acts as an adverbial in the restrictive relative clauses. I don't like the way ________________ you speak to her. in which/that/(不填) When the antecedent is “way” and not acts as an adverbial in the restrictive relative clauses. 当the way作先行词,且在定语从句中充当状语时,关系词可用in which, that或者省略 (当the way作先行词,在定语从句中不充当状语时,正常分析) Production Think and write. Write about friendship using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. Friendship is a permanent theme in writing. Express your opinion on friends or friendship. using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. at least 3 sentences. Production Think and write. Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness. Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy. When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys. We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable. Sample: 限制性定语从句 定义 结构 限制性定语从句 关系词 修饰名词或代词的句子 先行词 关系词 被修饰的名词或代词 引导定语从句的关联词 关系代词 关系副词 who/whom/ that/ which whose when/ where/ why The girl who is friendly is my friend. Rules! 宜用that不宜用which引导定语从句的情况 : 当先行词指物且被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 当先行词是all, any, little, few, much, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词或被这些词修饰时。 当先行词指物且被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。 当先行词既包括人又包括物时。 宜用which不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 : 引导非限制性定语从句时。 当关系代词前有介词时。 当先行词本身就是that时。 Rules! 宜用who不宜用that引导定语从句的情况 ： 当先行词是he，she，they或指人的不定代词时, 如one, ones, anyone, no one, nobody, anybody等。 在there be结构中，先行词指人时。 当先行词是those时。 定语从句中的主谓一致 ： 关系代词在从句中作主语时，定语从句谓语动词的单复数形式根据先行词的形式确定。 one of +复数名词+定语从句（复数谓语） the only one of +复数名词+定语从句（单数谓语） Practice Apply and consolidate. Rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses. (B1) (in which/that) you have been helped. from which many friendships grow. whose communication is warm and open. which/that need to be taken good care of. (whom/that/who) you can count on Fhgh Hjhv Uhigubh Practice Apply and consolidate. Complete the passage with correct relative pronouns. which/that whose who/that (which/that) which (whom/who/that) who/that appear to be an unlikely pair long to be free the high point of the story be faced with sth./face sth. whether to do hand ... over to... slave catcher through thick and thin Practice Apply and consolidate. Underline the useful expressions in B2. 看起来是不太可能的一对 渴望自由 故事的高潮 面对... 是否去做 把...移交给 捕奴者 不顾艰难险阻 Homework Polish your writing Finish the exercise of part C (page 7) Lavf58.12.100 $ Unit3 Getting along with others Grammar: Restrictive relative clause Learning objectives: By the end of this section, students will be able to: 1. understand the meaning of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns; 2. summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns; 3. use restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns to describe their friends appropriately. Procedures: Step1. Lead-in: Think and answer A real friend is someone who_________________________ Can an online friend be a real friend? Any disadvantages? Read the following passage and answer the following questions. A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out. A real friend is someone whose support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We may be able to make many friends online, but these friendships can be quite shallow. Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we love. Texting and messaging cannot take the place of face-to-face chatting. “Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. “Liking” our friends’ photos online does not develop the connection which we share. To make friends a real part of our lives, we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person. What is a real friend: Disadvantage of making friends online: Step2. Presentation: Activity1—Read and find Find the sentences followed by restrictive relatives clauses with relative pronouns. Antecedent (先行词) Relative pronoun(关系代词) 1 friends Whom 2 who 3 whose 4 which 5 that Activity2—Discuss and explore Discuss with your partners to work out the rules. • A restrictive relative clause modifies a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. We use relative pronouns or relative adverbs to introduce restrictive relative clauses. • We use (1) ________ for things, and (2) ________ and whom for people. We can use (3) _______for both things and people. We use (4) _________ to show possession. Activity3—Watch and enjoy Step3. Exploration Activity1—Observe and think 1. The boy who broke the window is Tom. 2. He is the man who we are waiting for. 3. This is the teacher whom we like best. who指人，充当从句____________ whom指人，充当从句______________ 1. A plane is a machine that can fly. 2. He is the man that I told you about. 3. He is no longer the boy that he was. that 指_________，作____________________ 1. He is reading a book which is too difficult for him. 2. Is this the library from which you borrow books? which指物，作_________________________ 1. This is the book whose cover is blue. 2. This is the book of which the cover is blue. 3. The girl whose hair is golden is Amy. 4. The girl of whom the hair is golden is Amy. whose 表示它前面的名词与它后面的名词为_____关系。 可指________，可与___________________互换。 1. This is the book (which/ _____) I want to read. 2. The girl (who/whom/______) you saw in the park is my cousin. 3. Rose is the person to _______ you can turn for help. 4. Is this the magazine about _____ you were talking just now? *指____时可替代which; *指_时可替代who/whom； *作宾语时可省略； *介词+关系代词的情况下，不用它 Activity2—Summarize 关系代词 所修饰先行词 在从句中所作的成分 Who Whom Which That whose Step 4. Practice Activity1—找出下列句子的定语从句、先行词、并填写关系代词。 1.The party ______ was organized by Tom was held outdoors in the afternoon. 2.I frequently visit a scientist _____ name is known all over the country . 3.Mary likes music _____ is quiet and gentle . 4.It is hard to name a comedy star ______ hasn't been on the stage here . 5.The 2023 New Year's speech ______ was delivered by President Xi is very inspiring. 6.I got a call from a friend _______ I hadn't contacted for a long time . Activity2—用合适的关系代词将下列句子合并成一句话 1. Did you know the man? He spoke just now.____________________________________ 2. I have read the newspaper. It has the interesting news.___________________________ 3. I showed him the letter? I received it this morning._______________________________ 4. He is a popular singer. His song is popular among young people. _____________________________________________________________ Activity3—Choose one card to challenge 1. The first thing _____ you should do is call the police right away. 你应该做的第一件事就是马上报警。 2. This is the most delicious food ______ I have ever had. 这是我吃过的最美味的食物。 3. All ______ can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做了。 4. Tell me everything _____ you know. 把你知道的一切都告诉我吧。 5. Please send us any information that you have about the subject. 请把你掌握的有关这个主题的任何信息发送给我们。 1. The only thing _____ she could do was to go to the police for help. 她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。 2. This is the very book _____ I want to buy. 这就是我想买的那本书。 3. Sometimes we should ignore the persons and things _____ upset us. 有时，我们应该不理会让我们不快的人和事。 4. Who is the man ______ is making a speech? 做讲座的人是谁？ 1. Football, ______ is an interesting game, is very popular all over the world. 足球是一项有趣的运动，在全世界非常受欢迎。 2. This is the house in ______ Mo Yan once lived. 这就是莫言曾经住过的房子。 3. That _____ you told him is what we want to know. 你告诉他的事情就是我们想知道的。 1. Is there anyone in your class _____ is good at singing? 你们班有人擅长唱歌吗？ 2. He _____ plays a trick must be prepared to take a joke. 3. There is a young lady ______ is in a state of shock. 有位年轻女士休克了。 4. The students you should learn from are those ______ graduated from famous universities. 应该向那些从著名大学毕业的学生学习。 1. The old town has narrow streets and small houses that ____ built close to each other. 旧城区的街道狭窄，房子小，彼此挨得很近。 2. I'm fond of the piece of music which ____ popular with the teenagers. 我喜欢在青少年中流行的那支曲子。 3. He is one of the students who _____ a good command of French.他是精通法语的学生之一。 4. He is the only one of the students who _____ a good command of French.他是学生中唯一精通法语的。 Learn the situation when the the antecedent(先行词) is “way” You have been helped by others. To make friends, you should help others in the same way. To make friends, you should help others the way ________________________________ 当the way作先行词,且在定语从句中充当状语时,关系词可用in which, that或者省略 (当the way作先行词,在定语从句中不充当状语时,正常分析) When the antecedent is “way” and acts as an adverbial in the restrictive relative clauses. I don't like the way ________________ you speak to her. When the antecedent is “way” and not acts as an adverbial in the restrictive relative clauses. You speak to her in the way _____________ I don't like. Step 5 Production: think and write Write about friendship using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. 1.using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. 2.at least 3 sentences. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Activity4—The passage below is about friendship in a great novel. Complete the passage with correct relative pronouns. In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the friendship (1) __________ forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book, though they appear to be an unlikely pair. Huck is a poor white boy (2) __________ father often beats him, while Jim is a black slave (3) __________ longs to be free. One day, Huck runs away from home to an island. There he meets Jim and makes friends with him. Then they leave the island together on a raft (4) __________ they find on the Mississippi River. They head north to Illinois, a state in (5) __________ Jim can become free. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of whether to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend (6) __________ he needs and values, and refuses to give him up. From this story we can see that friends are people (7) __________ support you through thick and thin. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 《Restrictive relative clause with relative nouns》教案设计 教材内容分析： 本单元围绕“Getting along with others”这一主题展开，而本节课所涉及的“Restrictive relative clause with relative nouns”是重要的语法内容。教材通过引导学生思考朋友的定义，对比现实朋友和网友的特点，引入了限制性定语从句。以丰富的例句，如“A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world walks out”等，展示了不同关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that等）在限制性定语从句中的用法。同时，还详细讲解了一些特殊情况，如先行词为“way”时关系词的选用，以及宜用that、which、who引导定语从句的不同情形和定语从句中的主谓一致问题。这些内容对于学生准确运用英语进行表达，深入理解英语句子结构具有重要意义，为学生进一步提升英语语言能力奠定了坚实的语法基础。 学情分析： 高一的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，但对于复杂的语法知识，尤其是限制性定语从句这种较为抽象的内容，理解起来可能会有一定难度。他们正处于从初中英语学习向高中英语学习的过渡阶段，思维逐渐活跃，对新鲜事物充满好奇，但在语法的系统性和准确性方面还有待提高。在学习过程中，他们可能会对关系代词的正确选用、特殊情况的把握以及定语从句中的主谓一致等问题感到困惑。同时，由于个体差异，部分学生可能理解能力较强，能够较快掌握新知识，而部分学生可能需要更多的时间和练习来巩固。因此，在教学过程中，需要采用多样化的教学方法，结合生动有趣的实例，帮助学生逐步理解和掌握这一重要的语法知识。 教学目标： 1. understand the meaning of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns; 2. summarize the general rules of restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns; 3.use restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns to describe their friends appropriately. 教学重点、难点: 重点： 1. 掌握关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that等）在限制性定语从句中的基本用法。 2. 理解并能运用先行词为“way”时关系词的选用规则。 3. 明确宜用that、which、who引导定语从句的不同情形。 难点： 1. 准确把握定语从句中主谓一致的原则，根据先行词的形式确定谓语动词的单复数。 2. 能够在实际语境中灵活运用限制性定语从句，避免出现语法错误。 3. 理解一些特殊情况下关系代词的选用，如先行词被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时的情况。 教学方法与准备： 教学方法情境教学法、任务驱动法、小组合作学习法、多媒体辅助教学法。教具准备多媒体课件、投影仪、黑板、粉笔。 教学过程： Step1 Lead-in: Think and answer A real friend is someone who__________________________ Can an online friend be a real friend? 设计意图：该环节围绕“什么是真正的朋友（What is a real friend?）”这一问题展开，通过给出提示，引导学生思考并回答“真正的朋友是____的人（A real friend is someone who____）”，旨在激活学生关于“朋友”的已有认知，为后续相关英语学习内容（如阅读、讨论关于友谊的话题）做好铺垫，激发学生的学习兴趣和参与度。 接着，老师提出问题：“那你们觉得网友能成为真正的朋友吗？引导学生阅读第34页的文章，然后回答关于真正的朋友和网友的相关问题，如“What is a real friend?” “What is an online friend?” “What are the disadvantages of making friends online?”等。为引入限制性定语从句做好铺垫。 Step2 presentation Activity1—Read and find · Find the sentences followed by restrictive relatives clauses with relative pronouns. 设计意图：基于文本，寻找限制性定语从句，为后续分析和找规律做好铺垫。 Activity2—Discuss and explore · Discuss with your partners to work out the rules. 设计意图：基于文本中寻找的限制性定语从句，结合课本中给出的概念，理解带关系代词的限制性定语从句。并初步了解关系代词的使用。 Activity3—Watch and enjoy 观看一个动画——关于限制性定语从句和关系代词的概念 设计意图：加深限制性定语从句和关系代词的概念。 Step3 Exploration Activity1—Observe and think 设计意图：通过例句，从关系代词的所指和在从句中作的成分等角度进一步探索关系代词的使用规则。 Activity2—Summarize 设计意图：基于之前的探究，让学生把关系代词的基本规则归纳成表格，培养学生的自主探究能力，深化对知识的理解。 Step 4 Practice Activity1—找出下列句子的定语从句、先行词、以及填写关系代词 设计意图：通过例句展示和分析，让学生直观地感受限制性定语从句的结构和用法，学会分析句子结构。 Activity2—用合适的关系代词将下列句子合并成一句话 设计意图：基于合并法，反向解构定语从句的解构，为后续改写定语从句做好铺垫。 Activity3—卡牌游戏 设计意图：借助卡牌游戏，让学生在较为轻松的氛围中探究“只用that不用which”、“只用which不用that”、“只用who不用that”、“定语从句中的主谓一致”、“先行词是way”等重难点的理解。特殊情况的讲解可以帮助学生掌握定语从句的难点，提高学生运用知识的准确性。 Step 5 Production: think and write 设计意图：写作任务可以培养学生的综合语言运用能力和创新思维，让学生在实践中迁移创新所学知识。 板书设计： 主板书：Restrictive relative clause with relative nouns 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $