Unit 3 Food and Culture 知识点(核心词汇+重点短语+重要语法)清单-2025-2026学年高二上学期英语人教版选择性必修第二册

2025-10-28
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册
年级 高二
章节 Unit 3 Food and Culture
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 DOCX
文件大小 66 KB
发布时间 2025-10-28
更新时间 2025-10-28
作者 匿名
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-10-28
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/54597500.html
价格 0.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语选必二Unit 3知识清单系统梳理了单元核心内容,涵盖可转换词性与其他重要词汇、重点短语、核心句式及语法知识四大范畴,为学生搭建了从词汇积累到句式运用再到语法深化的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇-短语-句式-语法”四维分类构建知识体系,突出完整性与条理性。如核心词汇标注派生词及用法,“consume”关联“consumer”“consumption”并配例句,培养语言能力;重点短语“quantities of”说明谓语动词单复数规则,核心句式“Not only...but also...”强调倒装结构,助力思维品质提升。设计“例句+用法提示”实用模块,学生可自主对照练习,教师能据此精准备课,提升教学效率。

内容正文:

高中英语选必二 Unit 3知识点 一、核心词汇 (一)可转换词性词汇 1.prior [词性]adj.(先前的;优先的) [派生词]priority n.(优先事项;优先权) [解释]用于描述在时间或重要性上处于前面的人或事物。 [例句]You need to finish the prior task before starting a new one.(在开始新任务之前,你需要完成先前的任务。);Safety is our top priority in this project.(在这个项目中,安全是我们的首要任务。) 2.except [词性]prep.(除……外) [派生词]exception n.(例外);exceptional adj.(特别的;罕见的;杰出的) [解释]表示不包含某人或某物;派生词“exception”指例外的情况或人,“exceptional”强调与众不同、超出常规。 [例句]Everyone attended the meeting except Tom.(除了汤姆,所有人都参加了会议。);There is no exception to this rule.(这条规则没有例外。);She is an exceptional student who always gets full marks.(她是一名杰出的学生,总是得满分。) 3.consume [词性]vt.(吃;喝;饮;消耗) [派生词]consumer n.(消费者;用户;客户);consumption n.(消费;消耗) [解释]侧重通过使用或食用使某物减少;“consumer”指进行消费的人,“consumption”侧重消费的行为或数量。 [例句]We consume a lot of energy in our daily life.(我们在日常生活中消耗大量能量。);Consumers should be aware of their rights.(消费者应该清楚自己的权利。);The consumption of fast food has increased rapidly in recent years.(近年来,快餐的消费量迅速增长。) 4.stable [词性]adj.(稳定的;稳重的) [派生词]stability n.(稳定(性);固定(性)) [解释]形容事物不易变化、处于平稳状态;“stability”指稳定的性质或状态。 [例句]The company has maintained a stable growth rate this year.(该公司今年保持了稳定的增长率。);The stability of the political situation is crucial for economic development.(政治局势的稳定对经济发展至关重要。) 5.associate [词性]vt.(把……联系起来;交往);adj.(副的) [派生词]association n.(协会;关联) [解释]作动词时表示将两者联系起来或与人交往;作形容词时多表示“副的”,如“associate professor”(副教授);“association”可指组织或两者之间的关联。 [例句]People often associate red with happiness in Chinese culture.(在中国文化中,人们常把红色和幸福联系在一起。);He is an associate editor of the magazine.(他是这本杂志的副主编。);She joined an environmental protection association last month.(她上个月加入了一个环保协会。) 6.modest [词性]adj.(些许的;谦虚的;朴素的) [派生词]modesty n.(谦虚;朴素) [解释]可形容数量不多、人的态度谦逊或生活作风朴素;“modesty”指谦虚或朴素的品质。 [例句]He has a modest income but lives a happy life.(他收入不高,但生活得很幸福。);She is a modest girl who never shows off her achievements.(她是一个谦虚的女孩,从不炫耀自己的成就。);Her modesty won the respect of all her colleagues.(她的谦虚赢得了所有同事的尊重。) (二)其他重要词汇 1.consist:vi.(组成;在于;一致),常与“of”搭配,表示“由……组成”。[例句]The team consists of five experienced doctors.(这个团队由五名经验丰富的医生组成。) 2.chef:n.(厨师;主厨),指专业的厨师,尤其指餐厅的主厨。[例句]The chef of this restaurant is famous for his seafood dishes.(这家餐厅的主厨以他的海鲜菜肴而闻名。) 3.stuff:vt.(填满;把……塞进);n.(东西;物品)。作动词时,强调将某物强行塞进某个空间;作名词时,泛指各种物品。[例句]She stuffed all her clothes into the suitcase.(她把所有的衣服都塞进了行李箱。);There are a lot of interesting stuff in this old box.(这个旧盒子里有很多有趣的东西。) 4.temper:n.(脾气;火气),可用于描述人的情绪状态。[例句]He has a bad temper and often gets angry easily.(他脾气不好,经常容易生气。) 5.brand:n.(品牌),指商品的特定名称或标志。[例句]This is a famous brand of smartphones.(这是一个著名的智能手机品牌。) 6.canteen:n.(食堂;餐厅),多指学校、工厂等内部的食堂。[例句]The students usually have lunch in the school canteen.(学生们通常在学校食堂吃午饭。) 7.cafeteria:n.(自助餐厅;自助食堂),强调顾客自行取餐的餐厅。[例句]There is a cafeteria on the first floor of the office building.(办公楼一楼有一个自助餐厅。) 8.somewhat:adv.(有点;稍微),用于修饰形容词或副词,表示程度较轻。[例句]The movie is somewhat boring.(这部电影有点无聊。) 9.calorie:n.(卡路里(热量单位)),用于衡量食物中的热量。[例句]This cake contains a lot of calories.(这个蛋糕含有很多卡路里。) 10.regardless:adv.(不顾;不加理会),常与“of”搭配。[例句]He went to work regardless of the heavy rain.(尽管下着大雨,他还是去上班了。) 11.fibre:n.(纤维;纤维制品),可指食物中的膳食纤维或纺织用的纤维。[例句]Eating more fibre is good for our digestive system.(多吃纤维对我们的消化系统有好处。) 12.quantity:n.(数量;数额),可指具体的数量多少。[例句]We need a large quantity of water for the project.(我们这个项目需要大量的水。) 13.ideal:adj.(完美的;理想的;想象的);n.(理想;完美的人(或事物))。作形容词时形容符合期望的;作名词时指追求的目标或完美的对象。[例句]This is an ideal place for a holiday.(这是一个理想的度假胜地。);His ideal is to become a scientist.(他的理想是成为一名科学家。) 14.chew:vi.& vt.(咀嚼;嚼碎);n.(咀嚼),指用牙齿磨碎食物的动作。[例句]You should chew your food slowly to help digestion.(你应该慢慢咀嚼食物以帮助消化。);The chew of the steak is very good.(这块牛排的嚼劲很好。) 15.trick:n.(诀窍;计谋;把戏);vt.(欺骗;哄骗)。作名词时可指做事的技巧或捉弄人的把戏;作动词时表示欺骗他人。[例句]She taught me a trick to remember English words.(她教了我一个记英语单词的诀窍。);He tricked me into giving him my phone.(他骗我把手机给了他。) 16.overall:adv.(总体上;大致上);adj.(全面的;综合的)。作副词时用于总结整体情况;作形容词时形容涵盖各方面的。[例句]Overall, the project was a great success.(总体来说,这个项目非常成功。);We need an overall plan for the event.(我们需要一个关于这个活动的全面计划。) 二、重点短语 1.prior to:在……之前。[例句]Please finish the form prior to the interview.(请在面试前填好表格。) 2.consist of:由……组成。[例句]The committee consists of representatives from different departments.(这个委员会由来自不同部门的代表组成。) 3.quantities of = a quantity of:大量的。“quantities of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,谓语动词用复数;“a quantity of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,谓语动词根据名词的单复数而定。[例句]Quantities of books were donated to the rural school.(大量的书籍被捐赠给了这所农村学校。);A quantity of milk is needed for the cake.(做这个蛋糕需要一定量的牛奶。) 4.regardless of:不管,不顾。[例句]She will continue her research regardless of the difficulties.(不管遇到什么困难,她都会继续她的研究。) 5.refer to:参考,查阅,提到,谈及。[例句]When you don't know a word, you can refer to a dictionary.(当你不认识一个单词时,可以查阅字典。);He often refers to his childhood experiences in his speeches.(他在演讲中经常提到他的童年经历。) 6.in association with:与……有关。[例句]The event was organized in association with several local companies.(这个活动是与几家当地公司联合举办的。) 7.on the other hand:另一方面。[例句]This job has a high salary.On the other hand, it requires a lot of working hours.(这份工作薪水很高。另一方面,它需要大量的工作时间。) 8.at a minimum = a minimum of:至少。[例句]You should spend at a minimum of two hours studying every day.(你每天至少应该花两个小时学习。) 9.make a living:谋生。[例句]He makes a living by playing the guitar in the street.(他靠在街上弹吉他谋生。) 10.deal with:处理,对付。[例句]We need to find a way to deal with this problem.(我们需要找到一种方法来处理这个问题。) 11.turn/switch off:关上。“turn off”可用于关闭电器、水龙头等;“switch off”更侧重关闭电器的开关。[例句]Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.(离开房间时别忘了关灯。);She switched off the TV and went to bed.(她关掉电视去睡觉了。) 12.set off:出发,动身,引起,使爆炸。[例句]They set off early in the morning to avoid the traffic jam.(他们一大早出发以避开交通堵塞。);The bad news set off a wave of panic in the city.(这个坏消息在城市里引起了一阵恐慌。) 13.be different from:与……不同。[例句]His way of thinking is different from ours.(他的思维方式和我们的不同。) 14.in addition:此外。[例句]The hotel provides free breakfast.In addition, it has a swimming pool for guests.(这家酒店提供免费早餐。此外,它还有一个供客人使用的游泳池。) 15.in other words:换句话说。[例句]He didn't pass the exam.In other words, he failed it.(他没有通过考试。换句话说,他失败了。) 16.slice … off:切下。[例句]She sliced off a piece of bread and gave it to the child.(她切下一片面包给了那个孩子。) 17.hand in hand:携手并进。[例句]The two countries should work hand in hand to solve the environmental problems.(这两个国家应该携手合作解决环境问题。) 18.contribute to:有助于,促成,捐献。[例句]Regular exercise contributes to good health.(定期锻炼有助于身体健康。);Smoking contributes to many diseases.(吸烟会导致多种疾病。);She contributed a lot of money to the charity.(她向慈善机构捐了很多钱。) 19.make up:组成,构成;编造;和解。[例句]Women make up 40% of the company's employees.(女性占公司员工的40%。);He made up a story to explain his absence.(他编造了一个故事来解释他的缺席。);They had a fight last week, but now they have made up.(他们上周吵架了,但现在已经和好了。) 20.cut down on:缩减,减少。[例句]We need to cut down on our expenses this month.(这个月我们需要减少开支。) 21.cut out:停止,删除,戒掉。[例句]You should cut out smoking for the sake of your health.(为了你的健康,你应该戒烟。);The editor cut out some unnecessary parts of the article.(编辑删除了文章中一些不必要的部分。) 22.as with:正如,与......一样。[例句]As with any new technology, there are some risks involved.(正如任何新技术一样,其中也存在一些风险。) 23.end up:结束。[例句]If you keep wasting time, you will end up achieving nothing.(如果你一直浪费时间,你最终会一事无成。) 24.start with:以......开始,从......开始。[例句]The party will start with a speech by the chairman.(聚会将以主席的讲话开始。) 25.on the right track:走上正轨。[例句]After several months of hard work, the project is finally on the right track.(经过几个月的努力,这个项目终于走上了正轨。) 26.keep track of:追踪,跟踪。[例句]It's important to keep track of your expenses.(记录你的开支很重要。) 27.consist of:由......组成(重复出现,可强调重点)。[例句]The atmosphere consists mainly of nitrogen and oxygen.(大气主要由氮气和氧气组成。) 三、核心句式 (一)常用基础句式 1.被动语态句式:主语 + be + 过去分词 + 其他成分。表示主语承受某个动作。[例句]Studying abroad is considered as an important opportunity in one's life.(海外留学被看作是一些人一生中重要的机遇。);The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信是昨天寄出去的。) 2.Not only...but also...句式:Not only + 助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 主语 + 其他成分,but also + 主语 + 其他成分。表示“不仅……而且……”,否定词位于句首时,前半句用部分倒装。[例句]Not only can we learn new cultures and knowledge from a foreign country, but we can also enrich our lives culturally and economically.(我们不仅可以在国外学习新的文化和知识,而且还可以从文化和经济的角度充实我们的生活。);Not only does she sing well, but she also dances beautifully.(她不仅唱歌好,跳舞也很美。) 3.hold the view that...句式:主语 + hold(s) the view that + 宾语从句。表示“某人认为……”。[例句]They hold the view that there are usually better facilities and teaching methods in foreign schools.(他们认为国外的学校通常有更好的设施和教学方法。);I hold the view that everyone should protect the environment.(我认为每个人都应该保护环境。) 4.remind sb that...句式:主语 + remind(s) sb that + 宾语从句。表示“提醒某人……”。[例句]I want to remind them that quite a few international students are disappointed abroad because they can't get what they want, let alone succeed.(我想提醒他们的是,相当多的留学生在国外感到失望,因为他们不能得到他们想要的,更不用说成功了。);She reminded me that I had a meeting this afternoon.(她提醒我今天下午有个会议。) 5.when引导的时间状语从句:When + 从句,主句。表示“当……的时候”。[例句]When they are abroad, they are lonely, helpless and have to be independent, which is quite contrary to what it is at home.(当他们在国外时,他们是孤独的、无助的,也必须独立,这与在国内是完全相反的。);When I arrived at the station, the train had already left.(当我到达车站时,火车已经开走了。) 6.which引导的非限制性定语从句:主句,which + 从句。which指代前面整个句子或句子中的某一部分。[例句]Paper cutting is a traditional folk art form with a long history, which can date back to the Eastern Han Dynasty.(剪纸是一种有着悠久历史的传统民间艺术形式,可以追溯到东汉时期。);He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.(他通过了考试,这让他的父母非常高兴。) 7.feature sth句式:主语 + feature(s) sth。表示“以……为特色”。[例句]Paper-cutting works feature a wide variety of themes, including flowers, human figures, animals, legends, folk tales and stories from operatic works and shows.(剪纸以各种各样的主题为特色,包括花卉、人物、动物、传说以及源于戏曲作品和表演的民间故事。);This restaurant features authentic Italian food.(这家餐厅以正宗的意大利菜为特色。) 8.It is up to sb to do sth句式:It is up to sb to do sth。表示“由某人决定做某事”。[例句]It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.(这取决于你决定你想要如何生活,并对你的饮食做出正确的决定。);It is up to the manager to make the final decision.(由经理做出最终决定。) 9.祈使句 + or + 陈述句句式:祈使句,or + 陈述句。表示“如果不……,就会……”。[例句]Eat more healthy food, or you'll break down sooner or later.(多吃健康食品,不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。);Hurry up, or you will miss the bus.(快点,否则你会错过公交车的。) 10.Why not do sth句式:Why not + 动词原形 + 其他成分?表示提出建议,“为何不……呢?”。[例句]Why not drink less, do exercise, stop smoking and eat more fruit and vegetables?(为何不少喝酒、进行锻炼、戒烟、多吃水果和蔬菜呢?);Why not go to the cinema this weekend?(这个周末去看电影怎么样?) 11.advise/suggest that...句式:主语 + advise/suggest(s) that + 从句(从句用虚拟语气,即should + 动词原形,should可省略)。表示“建议……”。[例句]He advised that I (should) eat less at night.(他建议我晚上少吃。);She suggested that we (should) hold a meeting to discuss the problem.(她建议我们开个会来讨论这个问题。) 12.the strength of...is that...句式:The strength of + 名词 + is that + 表语从句。表示“……的优势在于……”。[例句]The strength of his diet is that it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre.(他饮食的优势在于其中含有丰富的维生素和纤维。);The strength of this plan is that it is very practical.(这个计划的优势在于它非常实用。) 13.There is no denying (the fact) that...句式:There is no denying (the fact) that + 从句。表示“不可否认的是……”。[例句]There is no denying (the fact) that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to our health.(不可否认的是,经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对健康非常有益。);There is no denying that he is a talented musician.(不可否认,他是一位有才华的音乐家。) (二)特殊句式 1.hardly...when...句式:Hardly + 助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 主语 + 其他成分,when + 从句。表示“一……就……”,hardly位于句首时,前半句用部分倒装,且主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。[例句]Hardly had I glimpsed at the cute rabbit when I rode my horse to chase after it excitedly.(一瞥见这只可爱的兔子我就兴奋地骑上马去追赶它。);Hardly had she entered the room when the phone rang.(她一进房间电话就响了。) 2.It suddenly occurred to sb that...句式:It suddenly occurred to sb that + 从句。表示“某人突然想起……”。[例句]It suddenly occurred to him that his homework had been left at home.(他突然想起他的家庭作业忘在家里了。);It suddenly occurred to me that I had met her before.(我突然想起我以前见过她。) 3.had intended to do sth句式:主语 + had intended to do sth, but + 从句。表示“本打算做某事,但……”。[例句]I had intended to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon, but something unexpected happened.(我本打算周五下午和你一起去书店,但是发生了意想不到的事情。);She had intended to travel abroad, but she changed her mind because of the pandemic.(她本打算出国旅行,但由于疫情改变了主意。) 4.It was the first time that...句式:It was the first time that + 从句(从句用过去完成时)。表示“这是某人第一次做某事”。[例句]It was the first time that he had lost the game.(这是他第一次输掉比赛。);It was the first time that I had visited Beijing.(这是我第一次去北京。) 5.独立主格结构:逻辑主语 + 非谓语动词/形容词/副词/介词短语等。在句中作状语。[例句]Surprised and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.(既吃惊又高兴,他站起来接受了奖品。);Weather permitting, we will have a picnic tomorrow.(如果天气允许,我们明天将去野餐。) 四、语法知识 (一)时态 1.过去完成时 构成:had + 过去分词 用法:表示在过去某个动作或时间之前发生的动作,即“过去的过去”。 [例句]By the end of last year, he had learned 1000 English words.(到去年年底,他已经学了1000个英语单词。);She said she had seen the movie before.(她说她以前看过这部电影。) 2.一般现在时 构成:主语 + 动词原形/动词第三人称单数形式(主语为第三人称单数时) 用法:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态;表示客观事实、真理;表示现阶段的状态或动作。 [例句]He goes to school by bike every day.(他每天骑自行车去上学。);The earth goes around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。);She is a teacher.(她是一名教师。) 3.一般过去时 构成:主语 + 动词过去式 用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态;表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 [例句]He went to the park yesterday.(他昨天去了公园。);She often played basketball when she was young.(她年轻时经常打篮球。) (二)非谓语动词 1.现在分词 用法:可作定语、状语、宾语补足语等。作定语时,与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系;作状语时,可表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等;作宾语补足语时,强调动作正在进行。 [例句]The boy sitting by the window is my brother.(坐在窗边的那个男孩是我弟弟。)(作定语);Walking in the street, I met an old friend.(走在街上,我遇到了一位老朋友。)(作状语);I saw him playing football on the playground.(我看见他在操场上踢足球。)(作宾语补足语) 2.过去分词 用法:可作定语、状语、宾语补足语等。作定语时,与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系;作状语时,可表示时间、原因、条件等;作宾语补足语时,强调动作已经完成或被动。 [例句]The broken window has been repaired.(那扇破碎的窗户已经修好了。)(作定语);Encouraged by his teacher, he studied harder.(在老师的鼓励下,他学习更努力了。)(作状语);I had my hair cut yesterday.(我昨天剪了头发。)(作宾语补足语) 3.动词不定式 用法:可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。作主语时,常用it作形式主语;作宾语时,可接在某些动词后;作定语时,常放在所修饰的名词之后;作状语时,可表示目的、结果、原因等。 [例句]To learn English well is important.(学好英语很重要。)(作主语);He wants to buy a new phone.(他想买一部新手机。)(作宾语);Her dream is to be a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。)(作表语);I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做。)(作定语);She came here to see her mother.(她来这里是为了看她的妈妈。)(作状语) (三)定语从句 1.限制性定语从句 用法:修饰先行词,与先行词关系密切,去掉后句子意思不完整。常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose;关系副词有when, where, why。 [例句]The man who is talking to my father is a doctor.(正在和我爸爸说话的那个人是一名医生。);This is the book that I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的那本书。);I still remember the day when we met for the first time.(我还记得我们第一次见面的那一天。) 2.非限制性定语从句 用法:对先行词进行补充说明,与先行词关系不密切,去掉后句子意思仍完整。常用的关系代词有which, who, whom, whose;关系副词有when, where。不能用that引导,且从句与主句之间用逗号隔开。 [例句]His father, who is a teacher, often helps him with his study.(他的爸爸是一名教师,经常帮助他学习。);Shanghai, which is a big city in China, attracts many tourists every year.(上海是中国的一个大城市,每年吸引着很多游客。) (四)名词性从句 1.宾语从句 用法:在句中作宾语,常放在动词、介词或形容词后。连接词有that(无意义,可省略)、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词(what, who, where等)。 [例句]I think (that) he will come on time.(我认为他会准时来。);She asked if/whether I had finished my homework.(她问我是否完成了作业。);Do you know where he went yesterday?(你知道他昨天去哪里了吗?) 2.表语从句 用法:在句中作表语,位于系动词后。连接词有that(无意义,不可省略)、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词(what, who, how等)。 [例句]The fact is that he didn't tell the truth.(事实是他没有说实话。);The question is whether we can finish the task on time.(问题是我们能否准时完成任务。);That's how he solved the problem.(那就是他解决问题的方法。) 3.主语从句 用法:在句中作主语,常用it作形式主语,将真正的主语从句后置。连接词有that(无意义,不可省略)、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词(what, who, when等)。 [例句]It is important that we should learn English well.(我们学好英语是很重要的。);Whether he will come or not is still unknown.(他是否会来还不知道。);What he said surprised us all.(他说的话让我们所有人都很惊讶。) (五)被动语态 1.构成:be + 过去分词(be动词的形式根据时态变化) 2.用法:表示主语承受某个动作,强调动作的承受者。 3.[例句]The letter was sent yesterday.(这封信是昨天寄出去的。);The bridge is being built now.(这座桥正在建造中。);The problem has been solved.(这个问题已经被解决了。) 0 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 Food and Culture 知识点(核心词汇+重点短语+重要语法)清单-2025-2026学年高二上学期英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 3 Food and Culture 知识点(核心词汇+重点短语+重要语法)清单-2025-2026学年高二上学期英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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Unit 3 Food and Culture 知识点(核心词汇+重点短语+重要语法)清单-2025-2026学年高二上学期英语人教版选择性必修第二册
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