Unit 8 课时5 Word power（分层作业）英语译林版2024八年级上册

Unit 8 Safe and sound 课时5 Word power分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1 . hat /hæt/ n. (常指带檐的)帽子 2 . policeman /pəˈliːsmən/ n. (pl. policemen)警察 3 . (be) able /ˈeɪbl/ vi. & vt. 能够 4 . postman /ˈpəʊstmən/ n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 5 . airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ n. 机场 6 . passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 7.close / kl əʊ s / adj . 差一点儿，险些 短语 1. make a pancake 做薄饼 句型 1. Next time I should be more careful ! 下次我应该更加小心！ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ______________ /hæt/ n. (常指带檐的)帽子 2. ______________ /pəˈliːsmən/ n. (pl. policemen)警察 3. ______________ /ˈeɪbl/ vi. & vt. 能够 4. ______________ /ˈpəʊstmən/ n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 5. ______________ /ˈeəpɔːt/ n. 机场 6. ______________ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 7. ______________/kləʊs/ adj. 差一点儿，险些 二、短语默写。 1. ______________________________ 做薄饼 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 下次我应该更加小心！ Next time I should be ____________ ______________! 四 、选词填空。 ( guess, passport, clear, airport, ache, hat ) 1.The ______________ is too small for me, so I feel uncomfortable when I wear it. 2.A(n) ______________ is necessary if you want to go abroad. 3.My grandfather had a(n) ______________ in his back. 4.It's important to learn to ______________ the meanings of new words. 5.When my father is on business, my mother always drives him to the ______________. 五、阅读还原。 What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？ （1）　 　 But always remember to look for medical care after first aid （急救） if the wound （伤口） is serious. （2）　 　 ：Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive. Animal bites （咬伤）： （3）　 　 Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped，cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is so that the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once. ( A．Broken bones （骨折）. B．You' d better see a dentist. C．You should eat more healthy food. D．Wash the bite area with soap and water. E．Here are some steps you should follow. F．Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. G．Pinch （捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes. )Fainting （昏厥）：Have him or her lie with feet lifted （抬起） a little. Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. （4）　 　 Clean the person's face with a cool cloth. Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted （倾斜） forward a little. Don't have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. （5）________ 六、阅读表达。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18，1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys （烟囱）.But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories，the great stores and newspaper buildings，the hotels，and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later，the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street，in the working﹣class neighbourhoods and in the factories，fires started. Within an hour of the first quake，the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon，half the heart of the city was gone. At that time，I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay （海湾）.Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction，so the fire spread quickly. Soon，many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fight and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. （1）Which was more destructive （破坏性的），the earthquake or the fire？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （2）When did the earthquake occur （发生）？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （3）Where was the writer？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （4）Why did the fire spread so fast？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （5）What's the passage mainly about？ _________________________________________________________________________________ 七、语法填空。 A Special Team It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Green. They were on holiday at a mountain village. They（1）　 　 （walk） in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to shake. In just two minutes，everything changed! They were （2）　 　 the middle of a very strange earthquake! The Greens tried to find some other people first. One by one，they found twenty﹣three （3）　 　 （tourist），young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some （4）　 　 （cry） and some lost hope. At that moment，Mr Green decided （5）　 　 （take） the lead （带头）.He called for everyone's attention and said， "The roads are much （6）　 　 （dangerous） in the rain. We can't go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight." Then Mr Green and a few young men went out for food and blankets （毯子）.After that，Mr Green put people into five groups. Every 30 minutes，each group flashed （闪光） （7）　 　 （they） mobile phones，and the light on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning， （8）　 　 groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey，but the group members still helped each other. After twelve hours' walking，they finally got out （9）　 　 （safe）.By then，it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky （10）　 　 they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. Part 1: Read and Explore Swimming is a great way to stay healthy and have fun! But it can be dangerous if we don't do it the right way. In China，drowning（溺水） is the main cause of accidental death（意外身亡） among children and teenagers. So，let's learn some easy tips to swim safely. ◆Warm Up Before You Swim One of the most important things you can do to stay safe while swimming is to warm up before you get into the water. You can do simple exercises like jumping jacks，arm circles，and leg swings to get your body ready for swimming. ◆Learn to Swim In a Right Way If you don't know how to swim，take lessons from a professional coach（专业教练）.Even if you can swim a little，learning the right skills can help you stay safe in the water. ◆Build a Strong Body Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home，like jump rope or sit﹣ups，can be very beneficial. They can help make your body stronger，and even improve your swimming skills. ◆Know What to Do in an Emergency（紧急情况） Always swim in safe places like swimming pools or beaches where there are lifeguards（救生员）.If someone is drowning，don't try to save them by yourself. Call for help instead or use a long stick or a rope to pull them to a safe place. If you're in trouble，stay calm and float（漂浮） on your back until help arrives. Remember，swimming is a great way to keep healthy and have fun，but always follow these tips to be safe. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. Why is drowning a serious problem for children and teenagers in China? A. Because they don’t like swimming in safe places. B. Because it is the main cause of their accidental death. C. Because they refuse to take swimming lessons. D. Because there are not enough lifeguards in swimming pools. 2. What are the reasons why warmup is important before swimming? (Please write the letters: ______ & ______) a. It helps get the body ready for swimming. b. It can improve swimming speed immediately. c. It is one of the key things to stay safe while swimming. d. It can replace strength training at home. Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: People who learn swimming from a professional coach may swim ______ (more safely/more slowly). You are ______ (more/less) likely to be in danger if you swim in a place with lifeguards. If you stay calm and float on your back when in trouble, you may ______ (easily/hardly) wait for help to arrive. Task 3: Be a Language Learner（语言学习建议） 4. If your friend wants to swim safely but doesn’t know how to start, what can you advise them to do? Use at least one reason from the passage (e.g., warming up before swimming, learning from a professional coach). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think "only people who can’t swim need to follow these safe tips"? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the passage or your own experience. $Unit 8 Safe and sound 课时5 Word power分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1 . hat /hæt/ n. (常指带檐的)帽子 2 . policeman /pəˈliːsmən/ n. (pl. policemen)警察 3 . (be) able /ˈeɪbl/ vi. & vt. 能够 4 . postman /ˈpəʊstmən/ n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 5 . airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ n. 机场 6 . passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 7.close / kl əʊ s / adj . 差一点儿，险些 短语 1. make a pancake 做薄饼 句型 1. Next time I should be more careful ! 下次我应该更加小心！ ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ______________ /hæt/ n. (常指带檐的)帽子 2. ______________ /pəˈliːsmən/ n. (pl. policemen)警察 3. ______________ /ˈeɪbl/ vi. & vt. 能够 4. ______________ /ˈpəʊstmən/ n. (pl. postmen)邮递员 5. ______________ /ˈeəpɔːt/ n. 机场 6. ______________ /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ n. 护照 7. ______________/kləʊs/ adj. 差一点儿，险些 【答案】1. hat 2. policeman 3. (be) able 4. postman 5. airport 6. passport 7.close 二、短语默写。 1. ______________________________ 做薄饼 【答案】1.make a pancake 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 下次我应该更加小心！ Next time I should be ____________ ______________! 【答案】1. more careful 四 、选词填空。 ( guess, passport, clear, airport, ache, hat ) 1.The ______________ is too small for me, so I feel uncomfortable when I wear it. 2.A(n) ______________ is necessary if you want to go abroad. 3.My grandfather had a(n) ______________ in his back. 4.It's important to learn to ______________ the meanings of new words. 5.When my father is on business, my mother always drives him to the ______________. 【答案】1.hat 2.passport 3.ache 4.guess 5.airport 五、阅读还原。 What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？ （1）　 　 But always remember to look for medical care after first aid （急救） if the wound （伤口） is serious. （2）　 　 ：Take away clothing from the wound. Use an ice pack. Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive. Animal bites （咬伤）： （3）　 　 Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped，cover the area with a bandage and take the person to the hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is so that the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once. ( A．Broken bones （骨折）. B．You' d better see a dentist. C．You should eat more healthy food. D．Wash the bite area with soap and water. E．Here are some steps you should follow. F．Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. G．Pinch （捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes. )Fainting （昏厥）：Have him or her lie with feet lifted （抬起） a little. Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall. （4）　 　 Clean the person's face with a cool cloth. Nosebleeds：Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted （倾斜） forward a little. Don't have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. （5）________ 【答案】EADFG 【分析】本文主要介绍了同学发生紧急状况时采取的相关急救措施，如：骨伤，咬伤，昏厥，流鼻血等，分别指出了一些注意点和应急措施。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文 "What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt？"（如果我们的一个同学突然生病或受伤了，我们该怎么办？）以及下文列举的不同情况的急救措施可知，此处是引出下文的急救步骤。结合选项，E项 "Here are some steps you should follow."（这里有一些你应该遵循的步骤。）符合语境，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 （2）细节推理题。根据下文 "Take away clothing from the wound.Use an ice pack.Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive."（从伤口处脱掉衣服。用冰袋敷。在等医生来的时候不要移动受伤的身体部位。）可知，这些是骨折时的急救措施。结合选项可知，A项 "骨折" 符合语境。故选A。 （3）细节推理题。根据上文 "Animal bites （咬伤）" 可知，此处说的是被动物咬伤后的处理方法。结合选项可知，D项 "用肥皂和水清洗咬伤部位" 符合语境。故选D。 （4）细节推理题。根据上文 "Fainting （昏厥）" 可知，此处说的是昏厥时的急救措施，要确保昏厥者能呼吸。结合选项可知，F项 "确保他或她能呼吸并吸入新鲜空气" 符合语境。故选F。 （5）细节推理题。根据上文 "Nosebleeds" （流鼻血）可知，此处说的是流鼻血时的急救措施。结合选项可知，G项 "捏住鼻子下部至少10分钟" 符合语境。故选G。 六、阅读表达。 The earthquake that hit San Francisco on April 18，1906 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars' worth of walls and chimneys （烟囱）.But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes. Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. The factories，the great stores and newspaper buildings，the hotels，and the great houses of the rich are all gone. On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake. A moment later，the disaster was a fact. South of Market Street，in the working﹣class neighbourhoods and in the factories，fires started. Within an hour of the first quake，the smoke could be seen 100 miles away. The sun was red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. The firefighters to whom the task was given did their best but there was no way to organize or communicate. The railway tracks were now useless and there was no water in water pipes. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the 30 seconds the earth moved. By Wednesday afternoon，half the heart of the city was gone. At that time，I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay （海湾）.Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction，so the fire spread quickly. Soon，many buildings were gone. Wednesday night saw the destruction of the very heart of the city. Man himself had to make ruins of some of the city's best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. Tens of thousands who had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. Some were dressed only in blankets and carried the things that they had been able to rescue from the fires. But there were no fight and no pushing. Somehow this worst of disasters brought out the best in the survivors. Never in all of San Francisco's history were her people so kind as on this night of terror. （1）Which was more destructive （破坏性的），the earthquake or the fire？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （2）When did the earthquake occur （发生）？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （3）Where was the writer？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （4）Why did the fire spread so fast？ _________________________________________________________________________________ （5）What's the passage mainly about？ _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】（1）The fire. （2）On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18，1906. （3）The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. （4）Because strong winds blew upon the city./Because there were strong winds. （5）It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 【分析】本文主要介绍了1906年4月18日旧金山发生的那场地震和大火几乎将整个城市摧毁，在这场灾难中，人们表现出了最大的善意。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"But the following fire burned up hundreds of millions of dollars' worth of buildings and homes."（但随后的大火烧毁了价值数亿美元的建筑物和房屋。）可知，大火的破坏性更大，故填The fire. （2）细节理解题。根据第2段"On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five came the earthquake"（星期三早上五点一刻，地震发生了。）可知，地震发生在星期三早上五点一刻，故填On Wednesday morning at a quarter past five on April 18，1906. （3）细节理解题。根据第3段".At that time，I watched the disaster from a ship on the bay ."（当时，我在海湾上的一艘船上观看了这场灾难。）可知，作者在海湾的一艘船上，故填The writer was on a ship on the bay./On a ship on the bay. （4）细节理解题。根据第3段"Yet strong winds blew upon the unlucky city from every direction，so the fire spread quickly"（然而，强风从各个方向吹向这座不幸的城市，因此火势迅速蔓延。）可知，强风从四面八方吹向这座不幸的城市，所以火势迅速蔓延，故填Because strong winds blew upon the city./Because there were strong winds. （5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了1906年4月18日旧金山发生的那场地震对这个城市造成的危害，故填It is about the earthquake that hit San Francisco. 七、语法填空。 A Special Team It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Green. They were on holiday at a mountain village. They（1）　 　 （walk） in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to shake. In just two minutes，everything changed! They were （2）　 　 the middle of a very strange earthquake! The Greens tried to find some other people first. One by one，they found twenty﹣three （3）　 　 （tourist），young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some （4）　 　 （cry） and some lost hope. At that moment，Mr Green decided （5）　 　 （take） the lead （带头）.He called for everyone's attention and said， "The roads are much （6）　 　 （dangerous） in the rain. We can't go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight." Then Mr Green and a few young men went out for food and blankets （毯子）.After that，Mr Green put people into five groups. Every 30 minutes，each group flashed （闪光） （7）　 　 （they） mobile phones，and the light on the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning， （8）　 　 groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey，but the group members still helped each other. After twelve hours' walking，they finally got out （9）　 　 （safe）.By then，it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky （10）　 　 they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. 【答案】（1）suddenly（2）houses（3）were looking（4）have found（5）out （6）harder（7）to help（8）a（9）yourself/yourselves（10）Although/Though 【分析】本文主要讲述了小镇遭遇地震后，救援队伍、志愿者等各方力量展开救援，人们携手互助，地震虽造成破坏却也让家人和邻里关系更紧密的故事。 【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：当一场强烈的地震突然袭来时，小镇里的大多数人正在睡觉。此处修饰动词hit，要用副词，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，意为"突然地"。故填suddenly。 （2）考查名词。句意：地面剧烈摇晃，许多房屋倒塌了。many后接可数名词复数，house的复数是houses。故填houses。 （3）考查过去进行时。句意：早上6点，士兵们正在搜寻建筑物下的人。根据"At 6 a.m.（早上6点）"可知，描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构是"was/were + 现在分词"，主语soldiers是复数，be动词用were，look的现在分词是looking。故填were looking。 （4）考查现在完成时。句意：自从我们到达后，我们已经找到了10个活着的人。根据"since we arrived（自从我们到达后）"可知，主句用现在完成时，结构是"have/has + 过去分词"，主语we是复数，用have，find的过去分词是found。故填have found。 （5）考查副词。句意：与此同时，那里的志愿者们正在清理街道，分发食物，并为无家可归的人搭建帐篷。hand out是固定短语，意为"分发"，符合语境。故填out。 （6）考查副词比较级。句意：一位名叫露西的年轻护士比其他任何人工作都更努力。根据"than（比）"可知，要用比较级，hard的比较级是harder。故填harder。 （7）考查动词不定式。句意：我希望尽可能帮助更多的人。hope to do sth.是固定用法，意为"希望做某事"，故用动词help的不定式to help。故填to help。 （8）考查冠词。句意：地震时，用手臂护住头部，躲在桌子下面。此处泛指"一张"桌子，desk是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 （9）考查反身代词。句意：并且永远记住先保护你自己/你们自己。此处可表示"yourself 你自己"或"yourselves 你们自己"。故填yourself/yourselves。 （10）考查连词。句意：虽然地震把很多东西都震碎了，但它让家人和邻居们走得更近了。根据"the earthquake broke many things apart（地震把很多东西都震碎了）"和"it brought families and neighbors closer together（它让家人和邻居们走得更近了）"为转折关系可知，可用Although或Though引导让步状语从句，意为"虽然"，故填Although/Though。 Part 1: Read and Explore Swimming is a great way to stay healthy and have fun! But it can be dangerous if we don't do it the right way. In China，drowning（溺水） is the main cause of accidental death（意外身亡） among children and teenagers. So，let's learn some easy tips to swim safely. ◆Warm Up Before You Swim One of the most important things you can do to stay safe while swimming is to warm up before you get into the water. You can do simple exercises like jumping jacks，arm circles，and leg swings to get your body ready for swimming. ◆Learn to Swim In a Right Way If you don't know how to swim，take lessons from a professional coach（专业教练）.Even if you can swim a little，learning the right skills can help you stay safe in the water. ◆Build a Strong Body Strength training is great for swimmers too! Simple exercises at home，like jump rope or sit﹣ups，can be very beneficial. They can help make your body stronger，and even improve your swimming skills. ◆Know What to Do in an Emergency（紧急情况） Always swim in safe places like swimming pools or beaches where there are lifeguards（救生员）.If someone is drowning，don't try to save them by yourself. Call for help instead or use a long stick or a rope to pull them to a safe place. If you're in trouble，stay calm and float（漂浮） on your back until help arrives. Remember，swimming is a great way to keep healthy and have fun，but always follow these tips to be safe. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. Why is drowning a serious problem for children and teenagers in China? A. Because they don’t like swimming in safe places. B. Because it is the main cause of their accidental death. C. Because they refuse to take swimming lessons. D. Because there are not enough lifeguards in swimming pools. 2. What are the reasons why warmup is important before swimming? (Please write the letters: ______ & ______) a. It helps get the body ready for swimming. b. It can improve swimming speed immediately. c. It is one of the key things to stay safe while swimming. d. It can replace strength training at home. Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 3. Complete the sentences with proper words: People who learn swimming from a professional coach may swim ______ (more safely/more slowly). You are ______ (more/less) likely to be in danger if you swim in a place with lifeguards. If you stay calm and float on your back when in trouble, you may ______ (easily/hardly) wait for help to arrive. Task 3: Be a Language Learner（语言学习建议） 4. If your friend wants to swim safely but doesn’t know how to start, what can you advise them to do? Use at least one reason from the passage (e.g., warming up before swimming, learning from a professional coach). Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. Do you think "only people who can’t swim need to follow these safe tips"? Why or why not? Support your answer with information from the passage or your own experience. 【答案】 Task 1: Understand the Story（基础理解） 1. B 2. a & c（解析：文本明确提到热身是游泳安全的重要事项之一，且能让身体为游泳做好准备；b“立即提升速度”和d“替代力量训练”未在文中提及，故排除） Task 2: Talk About Possibilities（可能性判断） 3. People who learn swimming from a professional coach may swim more safely. You are less likely to be in danger if you swim in a place with lifeguards. If you stay calm and float on your back when in trouble, you may easily wait for help to arrive. Task 3: Be a Language Learner（语言学习建议） 4. I would advise my friend to first take swimming lessons from a professional coach. The passage says even if someone can swim a little, learning the right skills from a professional helps stay safe in the water. Besides, I’d tell them to always warm up before swimming—doing exercises like jumping jacks or arm circles can get their body ready and reduce the risk of danger. Task 4: Critical Thinking（批判性思维） 5. No, I don’t think so. The passage says even people who can swim a little need to learn the right skills to stay safe, which means skilled swimmers also need to follow the tips. For example, warmup is important for all swimmers, not just beginners—it helps prevent injuries and get the body ready. Also, knowing what to do in an emergency (like calling for help when someone is drowning) is necessary for everyone, no matter how well they can swim. $