Unit 5 Section B 单词详解课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件围绕Unit 5 "What a Delicious Meal!" Section B词汇展开，涵盖memory、visible等核心词汇的词形变换、短语搭配，along with、warm up等短语用法及主谓一致等语法点，结合中考真题演练，构建从词汇基础到语法应用的学习支架，帮助学生衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于融合语言能力（通过"bring back sweet memories"等短语真题提升表达）、思维品质（visible反义词辨析培养分析）、学习能力（"妻子持刀宰狼"复数记忆口诀助策略运用），采用"词汇-语法-应用"递进教学法，学生高效掌握考点，教师可直接用于课堂巩固与中考复习。

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! Section B 词汇详解 memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 回忆；记忆 词形变换： •名词复数：memories • 形容词：memorable (值得纪念的；难忘的) | memorial (纪念的) • 动词：memorize (记住；记忆) •bring back sweet memories：唤起美好的回忆 • have a good/bad memory for ...：对...记忆力好/差 中考真题演练 1.These old photos always ________ sweet memories of my childhood. A. bring back B. take away C. put on D. look for 2. After the great writer passed away, people held a concert ________ him. A. in memory of B. in need of C. in favor of D. in charge of 中考常见搭配 • in memory of ...：为纪念... • lose one's memory：失去记忆 visible /ˈvɪzəbl/ adj. 看得见的；可见的 词形变换： •形容词反义词：visible → invisible （通过添加否定前缀 "in-") •副词： visibly 清晰地；明显地；invisibly 看不见地 •名词：visible → visibility 能见度；可见性 中考常见搭配 • visible light：可见光 • become visible：变得可见 • highly visible：非常显眼的 中考真题演练 1.The house was surrounded by trees, so it is ________ from the road. A. visible B. invisible C. terribly D. possibly 2. Many stars in the sky are ________ to the naked eye on a cloudy night. A. invisible B. impossible C. invincible D. impatient along with sb/sth 除......以外（还）； 与......同样地，和……一起 特别注意：主谓一致问题 • My mother, along with my grandparents, is watching TV. • The students, along with their teacher, are planting trees. Exercise 单项选择 1. Tom, along with his two best friends, ____ going to the science museum this weekend. A. is B. are C. be D. am 2. — How are you going to the train station? — I'll go there in my own car. You can come ________ me. A. across B. along with C. into D. through 句子改写 3.My father will go. My mother will go, too. (用along with合并句子) My father, ______________, will go. 就远原则 along with my mother pumpkin /ˈpʌmpkɪn/ n. 南瓜 词形变换： • 名词复数：pumpkins 中考常见搭配 • pumpkin lantern / pumpkin lamp：南瓜灯（万圣节标志物） • pumpkin pie：南瓜派 • pumpkin seed：南瓜籽 • carve a pumpkin：雕刻南瓜 pie /paɪ/ n.果馅饼；肉馅饼 特别提醒：pies a pie (一个馅饼)，two pies (两个馅饼)，a piece of pie (一块馅饼)。 中考常见搭配 • apple pie：苹果派 • as easy as pie：轻而易举的事（固定习语） warm up （使）活跃起来； 热身；预热 词形变换： • 动词短语：warm up • 名词形式：warm-up 中考常见搭配 • warm up for sth.：为…热身 • warm-up match/game：热身赛 • warm-up exercises：热身运动 • do a warm-up：做热身活动 • warm up the engine：预热引擎 中考真题演练 1. The coach asked us to ________ for ten minutes before starting the basketball practice. A. warm-up B. warming up C. warm up D. warmed up 2. Before the race, all the runners must do some _____ to avoid getting hurt. A. warm up B. warm-ups C. warming up D. warmed up 3. It's cold now. The engine of the car needs ________. A. to warm up B. warm up C. warming up D. warmed up cinnamon n. 肉桂皮；桂皮香料 词形变换： cinnamons (通常作为物质名词，不可数。指不同种类时可用复数) /ˈsɪnəmən/ 中考常见搭配 • cinnamon toast / roll：肉桂吐司/肉桂卷 • cinnamon powder：肉桂粉 • a stick of cinnamon：一根肉桂棒 sweetness /ˈswiːtnəs/ n. 甜；芬芳；愉悦 词形变换： • sweetness n. [u] • sweet adj. 甜的 • sweeten v. 使……变甜 中考常见搭配 • the sweetness of sth：某物的甜味/甜美 • with sweetness：带有甜味地；甜美地 • bring back sweet memories：唤起美好的回忆 fill...with... （使）充满；（使）填满 核心用法详解 • fill... with... 用...装满... Please fill the box with these storybooks. 请用这些故事书装满这个盒子。 • be filled with 充满了...（被动状态） The bottle is filled with water. 瓶子里装满了水 • be full of 充满了...（状态相同） The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水 特别注意："be filled with" 和 "be full of" 在表示"充满"时，基本可以互换，但介词搭配不同（with vs of），这是高频考点，切记不要混淆 完成句子 1. 刚才，小珍妮的口袋里装满了糖果。 Little Jenny’s pocket _______________ ___________________ just now. 2. 别灰心，生活充满了惊喜和希望。 Don't lose heart. Life is ________ ________ surprise and hope. 3. 你可以用水装满这个瓶子。 You can ________ the bottle ________ water. is filled with/ is full of filled with/ full of fill with college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ n. 学院；大学 特别提醒： • university 通常指综合性大学，下设多个学院（colleges）。 • college 大学内部的学院或独立的专业学院。 中考常见搭配 • go to college：上大学 • at college：在大学（求学） • a college student：一名大学生 • enter/start college：进入/开始上大学 • graduate from college：从大学毕业 • a medical/business/art college：医学院/商学院/艺术学院 词形变换： • 名词复数：colleges 单项选择 — What are you going to do after high school? — I plan to ________. A. go to college B. go to the college C. go to a college D. go college 完成句子 1. 杭州于2023年主办了亚运会。 Hangzhou ________ the Asian Games in 2023. 2. 那个穿红裙子的女孩是今晚晚会的主持人之一。 The girl in the red dress is one of the ________ for tonight's party. 3,。我们学校招待了一群来自澳大利亚的学生。 Our school _____________________ a group of students from Australia. hosted played host to / hosted hosts host n[c]. 主人；东道主 v. 主办；主持（活动） 词性变化 hostess /ˈhəʊstəs/ n. 女主人；女房东 /həʊst/ 中考常见搭配 • host a meeting/game/show：主持会议/比赛/演出 • host country/city：主办国/主办城市 • host family：寄宿家庭 • play host to...：招待...；主办... recipe /ˈresəpi/ n. 食谱；烹饪法 cream /kriːm/ n. 奶油；护肤霜 中考常见考点： • n. 奶油；乳脂： • n. 膏，霜 (用于护肤或清洁)： face cream (面霜) • v. 搅拌直至呈奶油状 (烹饪手法)： Cream the butter • creamy adj. 奶油色的；含奶油的；光滑细腻的 creamy color (米白色)， creamy skin (光滑细腻的皮肤)。 食材与工具： • cut up ... (将...切碎) • cut ... into ... (把...切成...) • a piece/slice of ... (一片...) • a cup/teaspoon of ... (一杯/一茶匙...) 烹饪步骤： • mix ... with ... (将...和...混合) • add ... to ... (向...中添加...) • pour ... into ... (把...倒入...) • be cooked until ... (被烹饪直到...) crust /krʌst/ n. 糕饼酥皮；面包皮 核心词义 • n. 面包皮；馅饼皮： • n. (地球的) 地壳： • v. (使) 结硬壳： mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ n. 混合物；结合体 中考常见搭配 • a mixture of ... (...的混合物)：这是最核心的搭配。 • a mixture of A and B (A和B的混合物) • a mixture of emotions (百感交集) • stir the mixture (搅拌混合物)： • add ... to the mixture (向混合物中加入...) • cake mixture (蛋糕糊)：特定的食物混合料。 词形变换 • crust：n.外壳，地壳 v.（使）结外壳 • crusty：adj. 有硬壳的；易怒的 • crusted：adj. 有硬壳的；覆有外壳的 least /liːst/ adv. & pron. 最小；最少 1.原级 → 比较级 → 最高级 little → less → least 2. 基本用法 • 作形容词：+ 不可数名词 •作副词：修饰动词、形容词或副词 • 作名词：常与“the”连用 3.中考常考搭配与短语 • At least （至少）at most（至多）。 You should sleep at least eight hours a day. 你每天至少应该睡八小时。 •（Not） in the least （一点也（不）） 相当于“not at all”，用于加强否定语气。 I'm not in the least tired after the long walk. • Least of all （最不；尤其不） No one believed her, least of all the teacher. 没有人相信她，尤其是老师最不相信。 • The least + 形容词原级 + 名词 （最不...的...） It's the least important thing right now. 这是目前最不重要的事情。 Exercise 1.— How do you like the talk show? — I think it's ______ interesting one I've ever seen. A. less B. the less C. the least D. least 2. You should practice more. ______, you need to learn the basic rules. A. At last B. At most C. At once D. At least 3. — Are you angry about the waiting? — No, ___. I've brought a book to read. A. not in the least B. at least C. less and less D. more or less secret /ˈsiːkrət/ n. 诀窍；秘密 adj. 秘密的；隐秘的 1. 词形变换 • 名词: secret (单数) → secrets (复数) • 副词: secretly (秘密地) • 形容词: secret (秘密的) → 无比较级/最高级（因其表示状态） 2. 中考常考搭配与短语 • Keep a secret / Keep sth. secret （保守秘密） • In secret （秘密地）相当于副词“secretly”。 • Top secret （绝密的） • The secret of / to (doing) sth. （...的秘诀） • Let sb. in on a secret （告诉某人一个秘密） Exercise 1.— I have something to tell you, but you must ______ it ______. — OK, I will. I'm good at keeping secrets. A. keep; secret B. make; secret C. keep; silently D. make; silent 2. The scientist worked ______ for years on his invention before sharing it with the world. A. politely B. secretly C. properly D. recently 3. — Can you tell me the ______ of making such a delicious cake? — Well, it's love and fresh eggs. A. secret B. method C. idea D. opinion according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ/ 根据；依照 1. 基本结构 • According to + 名词/代词 • According to + 专有名词 (如人名、报告、书籍、法律等) 2.中考常考搭配与句型 •According to the survey/report/ news... （根据调查/报告/新闻...） • According to the law/rule(s)/plan... （根据法律/规则/计划...） • According to sb. （据某人所说） Exercise 1. ______ the police, the accident happened at midnight. A. Instead of B. According to C. Because of D. As for 2. — When will the new movie be shown? — ______ the newspaper, it will be on next Friday. A. Thanks to B. Instead of C. According to D. As for Exercise 3. We should act ______ the law, or we will be punished. A. according to B. instead of C. along with D. out of whenever /wenˈevə(r)/ adv. & conj. 每当；在任何......的时候 基本用法与常考语境 1. 引导时间状语从句 这是“whenever”在中考中最核心的考点。它引导的从句可以放在主句之前或之后。 • 表示“无论何时”，带有让步含义，指任何时间点。 Whenever you come, you are welcome. 无论你何时来，你都受欢迎。 • 表示“每当”，描述一种习惯性的、重复发生的动作，主从句时态通常保持一致。 Whenever I see this photo, I think of my childhood. 每当我看到这张照片，我就会想起我的童年。 2. 与“when”的辨析 • when 当……时，指一个特定的，具体的时间点。 • whenever 无论何时，每当；指任何一个时间点或不确定的重复次数，语气更强。 I will call you when I arrive. →一个特定的、未来的时间点。 I will call you whenever I miss you. →任何一次“想你”的时候，次数不确定。 Exercise 1. — The air is so fresh after the rain. — Yes. And I always feel relaxed ______ I walk in the garden at this time. A. unless B. though C. whenever D. until 2. My grandfather is a lifelong learner. He says, “You are never too old to learn. ______ you have a question, just come and ask me.” A. If B. Unless C. Whenever D. Though 3. — Remember to turn off the lights ______ you leave the room. — OK, I will. A. after B. since C. whenever D. until item /ˈaɪtəm/ n[c]. 项目；条 Exercise 1. Before going shopping, my mother always makes a list of ______ so that she won't forget anything. A. ideas B. items C. plans D. thoughts 2. — How many ______ are there on the test paper? — About forty, including reading and writing. A. sentences B. items C. lessons D. subjects spaghetti n. 意大利细面条 基本用法 1.作不可数名词：谓语动词用单数。 How much spaghetti should I cook? 2.量的表达：需要借助量词来表达“一份”或“多少”。 a plate of spaghetti 一盘意大利面 two bowls of spaghetti 两碗意大利面 /spəˈɡeti/ spoon /spuːn/ n. (= spoonful)一勺的量；勺 1.基本用法与常考语境 • 作可数名词(最核心) You need two spoons of sugar for the cake. • 作动词 Spoon + 宾语：表示“用勺子舀...”。 She spooned the soup into the bowls. 2.中考常考搭配与短语 • A spoon of... / spoons of... • With a spoon （用勺子） • Spoon-feed （用勺子喂；填鸭式灌输） slice /slaɪs/ n. 薄片；片 v. 把......切成薄片；切；割 中考常考搭配与短语 1. A slice of... （一片...） 2. Slice up （切成片） 3. A slice of life （生活的一个片段/缩影） couple /ˈkʌpl/ n. 夫妻；情侣；两人 基本用法 1. 作可数名词 • 指“两个”或“一对”（通常指关系密切的）: • 指“夫妻”或“情侣”: • 指“三两个；几个”（表示一个模糊的少量概念）: 2. 作动词 • Couple A with B：表示“将A与B连接或结合起来”。 island n. 岛 中考常考点 1.作为专有地名的一部分，首字母“I”必须大写。 Hainan Island is a beautiful place. 海南岛是一个美丽的地方。 2. On the island （在岛上） There is a small village on the island. 岛上有一个小村庄。 /ˈaɪlənd/ wife n. (pl. wives /waɪvz/) 妻子 1.复数变化规律一样 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌； 躲在架后保性命，半片树叶遮目光。 （妻子-wife，刀-knife，狼-wolf，小偷-thief，架子-shelf，性命-life，一半-half，树叶-leaf） /waɪf/ 2.直接加-s”的特例（中考易错点） roof → roofs (屋顶) chief → chiefs (首领) belief → beliefs (信仰) gulf → gulfs (海湾) proof → proofs (证据) safe → safes (保险箱) （注意：safe作“安全的”是形容词） 3. “两者皆可”的情况： 还有少数词有两种复数形式，但中考中更常考其中一种。 scarf (围巾) → scarves (更常见) / scarfs handkerchief (手帕) → handkerchiefs (更常见) / handkerchieves separate adj. /ˈseprət/ 单独的；分开的 v. /ˈsepəreɪt/（使）分开；（使）分离 1. 中考常考搭配与短语 • Separate A from B （将A与B分开/分离）这是中考最核心的考点。 We should separate the rubbish from the recyclables. • Separate into... （分成...） The class was separated into four groups for the game. • Live separately （分开居住） • A separate room （一个单独的房间） born /bɔːn/ v. 出生；出世 adj. 天生（有某方面才能）的 1 . 基本结构： Be Born 唯一的核心用法 I was born in Shanghai. 我出生在上海。 2. 中考常考搭配与句型 • Be born in + 地点/年份/月份 （出生于...）后接年份、月份、季节或较大的地点（如国家、城市）。 Exercise 同义句转换/完成句子 1. His birthday is on June 4th, 1999. → He ______ ______ ______ June 4th, 1999. 2. She has a natural talent for painting. → She ______ ______ ______ a talent for painting. My grandfather was born in 1950. 我祖父出生于1950年。 • Be born on + 具体日期/星期 （出生于...）后接具体的某一天（如日期、星期、生日）。 I was born on May 1st. 我出生于五月一日。 • Be born with... （天生具有...） 表示与生俱来的能力、特质或特征。 She was born with a beautiful voice. 她天生有一副好嗓子。 • Be born to do sth. （生来就是做某事的）表示“天生注定适合做某事”，是一种强烈的肯定。 He was born to be a leader. 他天生就是个领袖。 was born on was born with one by one 逐个地；逐一地 与相似短语的辨析（易错点）这是教学和考查的重点。 1. one by one：强调“逐一”，对象是多个个体。 例句：He planted the trees one by one. （他一棵一棵地种树。） 2. step by step：强调“逐步地”，对象是一个过程或程序。 例句：We learn English step by step. （我们逐步地学习英语。） 3.little by little：强调“一点一点地”，指程度或数量的逐渐积累。 例句：His health improved little by little. （他的健康一点一点地好转了。） 4. one after another：与“one by one”意思非常接近，常可互换，但有时更强调“接连不断”的意味。 例句：Good news came one after another. （好消息接踵而至。） 记忆口诀助教学： One by one 表顺序，一个一个排好队。 Step by step 是步骤，一步一步向前走。 Little by little 量变化，一点一点在积累。 Thanksgiving /ˌθæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/ n. 感恩节 1. 首字母大写：作为专有名词，Thanksgiving 的首字母 "T" 必须大写,常用 Thanksgiving 或 Thanksgiving Day 2. 词汇拓展 roast turkey (烤火鸡) pumpkin pie (南瓜派) sweet potato (红薯/甜薯) corn (玉米) 中考常见搭配 • Celebrate Thanksgiving （庆祝感恩节） • Thanksgiving Dinner （感恩节大餐） • Thanksgiving Food （感恩节食物） • Be thankful/grateful for... （对...心存感激） On Thanksgiving, we should be thankful for what we have. 在感恩节，我们应该对自己所拥有的心存感激。 • A time for... （一个用于...的时刻） Thanksgiving is a time for giving thanks. 感恩节是一个表达感谢的时刻。 Guoqiao Rice Noodles 过桥米线 常用句型 1.描述制作过程: • "To make this special food, you need to..." (制作这种特殊食物，你需要...) • "First,... Then,... Finally,..." 2.描述味道与特点: • "They are delicious/hot/fresh." • "The soup tastes fresh and hot." (汤尝起来新鲜且热乎) • "It is a popular dish in Yunnan." 3. 点餐情景: • "We have beef rice noodles, mutton rice noodles and chicken rice noodles." (我们有牛肉米线、羊肉米线和鸡肉米线) • "I'd like a bowl of beef rice noodles with tomatoes." (我想要一碗番茄牛肉米线) • "What size would you like?" (您要多大碗的?) • "Large/Medium/Small, please." (大碗/中碗/小碗。) 一、单项选择（10题） 1. — Why do you keep this old watch? — Because it always ______ sweet memories of my grandfather. A. takes away B. brings back C. puts on D. looks for 2. The little boy was so short that he was almost ______ behind the counter. A. visible B. invisible C. terribly D. possibly 3. Tom, along with his classmates, ______ doing an experiment in the lab now. A. is B. are C. were D. be 4. Before you start running, you should ______ to avoid hurting yourself. A. warm-up B. warm up C. warming up D. warmed up 5. Life is ______ hopes and dreams. Don’t give up. A. fill with B. filled with C. full with D. filled of 6. China will ______ the next Asian Games in 2026. A. host B. hold C. open D. receive 7.— Are you tired after the long trip? — Not ______. I slept well on the train. A. at least B. in the least C. least of all D. the least 8. She didn’t tell anyone about the plan. She kept it ______. A. secret B. a secret C. in secret D. secretly 9. ______ the weather report, it will be sunny tomorrow. A. According to B. Instead of C. Because of D. As for 10. We should learn to ______ good friends ______ bad ones. A. separate; from B. divide; into C. compare; with D. protect; from 二、完成句子（10题） 1. 这张照片让我想起了我的童年。 This photo ______ ______ of my childhood. 2. 很多星星在白天是看不见的。 Many stars are ______ in the daytime. 3. 李华和他的父母下周日要去北京。 Li Hua, ______ ______ his parents, is going to Beijing next Sunday. 4. 比赛之前，运动员们必须做热身运动。 Before the race, the players must ______ ______. reminded me invisible along with warm up 5. 听到这个好消息，他的心里充满了快乐。 When he heard the good news, his heart ______ ______ ______ happiness. 6. 我们学校去年主办了一场英语演讲比赛。 Our school ______ an English speaking contest last year. 7. 他一点也不害怕在大家面前唱歌。 He is not afraid to sing in front of others ______ ______ ______. 8. 你必须保证为我保守这个秘密。 You must promise to ______ ______ ______ for me. 9.根据校规，学生不能带手机来学校。 ______ ______ the school rules, students can’t bring mobile phones to school. 10. 老师把全班分成了五个小组。 The teacher ______ the class ______ five groups. was filled with hosted in the least keep the secret According to separate from 大家学会了吗？ $