专题04：动词时态、被动语态（核心语法）-2026 年中考英语总复习核心考点与题型突破（上海专用）

专题04 动词时态、被动语态（核心考点精讲精练） 复习目标 在初中主要学习的是八种时态，他们分别是，一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时等八种时态。时态是中考一个非常重要的语法知 上海中考对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。 【思维导图】 考点概览 （一）动词时态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 （二） 被动语态 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 考题透视 ►考向一、 一般现在时，一般过去时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 一般现在时 1. 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 1. It seldom snows here. 2. He is always ready to help others. 3. Neither of us is a doctor. 4. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, does he? 2. 信号词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, We visit our grandparents once a week. 3. 主将从现信号词：if(如果), when, as soon as, until, after, before 注意：if表示“是否”时不遵循主将从现的规则 1. I’ll talk to him when he ______. A. come B. will come C. comes D. came 2. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 4. 普遍真理，一般规律 1. Light travels faster than sound. 2. Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 一般过去时 1. 信号词：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year. A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 2. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 3. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday. A. not did B. don't do C. didn’t do D. won’t do 2. hit, hurt, put, cut, cost,  set, read, spread的过去式和过去分词无变化,注意时态辨别。                   1. Father put on his cap and ____ out. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 2. The book cost Helen ten yuan.改写为： 一般疑问句：___________________________. 否定句：_______________________________. 反义疑问句：____________________________. 3.主句谓语动词为过去时，从句谓语动词也用过去时。 注意：从句叙述普遍真理或一般规律时例外。 1. I didn't know you were so busy. 2. Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before. A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 3. We expected that the English teacher _______ some advice on how to write an English letter. A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give 4.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 4. 既可以用于一般现在时也可以用于一般过去时的词 seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day eg. She often came to help us in those days. 1．（2014·上海·中考真题）Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she______back. A．came B．comes C．would come D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当她回来后，露西阿姨要告诉我们一些他在澳大利亚旅行的情况。当主句描述将来动作时，英语状语从句中一般用一般现在时态表示将来动作，从句主语she是单数第三人称，故谓语动词用单数，选B。 2．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Every year thousands of tourists________the mountain area to relax themselves. A．visited B．were visiting C．visit D．have visited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年都有成千上万的游客到山区来放松自己。 考查动词的时态。visited过去式；were visiting过去进行时；visit参观，动词原形；have visited现在完成时。根据Every year“每年”可知，句子用一般现在时态，主语tourists复数，谓语动词用原形visit。故选C。 3．（2011·上海·中考真题）Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 【答案】C 【详解】考查点：一般现在时的用法。 解题思路：every day意为“每天”，表示经常性，习惯性的动作，故该句子要使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故答案选C；选项B、D时态错误； 4．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The three Chinese astronauts _______ safely from space on April 16, 2022. A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．had returned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这三名中国宇航员于2022年4月16日从太空安全返回。 考查动词时态。根据“April 16, 2022”可知，此句用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。 5．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Last weekend, David ________ a visit to his grandparents in the countryside. A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周末，大卫去农村看望了他的祖父母。 考查动词时态。根据“Last weekend”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故选B。 6．（2020·上海·九年级专题练习）Last week Vivian   a dress for her mother with her first-month salary. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．Would buy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周Vivian用她第一个月的薪水给妈妈买了一条裙子。 考查动词时态。A. buy动词原形；B. bought一般过去式；C. will buy一般将来时；D. Would buy过去将来时。句中Last week是一般过去时态的时间状语，所以句子要用一般过去时，故选B。 7．（2018·上海·中考真题）The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon. A．last B．lasted C．will last D．has lasted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：关于是否养宠物的争论昨天下午持续了四十分钟。根据 yesterday afternoon 可知此处时态应为一般过去时。故答案为B。 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Several journalists ____________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago. A．interview B．interviewed C．will interview D．had interviewed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几位记者就这件国际案件在一小时前采访了律师。题目末尾的an hour ago一个钟头以前，表示过去的时间，句子要用一般过去时态。A/C/D分别是一般现在时、一般将来时和现在完成时。故选B。 9．（2013·上海·中考真题）The schoolboy _________to the blind man on his Way home yesterday afternoon． A．apologizes B．apologized C．will apologize D．has apologized 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天下午，在他回家的路上，这个男身向这个盲人道歉了。结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：时态 10．（2011·上海·中考真题）–When _______ your mother _______ you that blue dress, Lucy? –Sorry, I really can’t remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago. A．will; buy B．does; buy C．did; buy 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：由答语two or three weeks ago，可知买裙子发生在过去，故用一般过去时。buy是一个实义动词，在过去时中，一般疑问句时需要借助助动词did。故选C ►考向二、 现在进行时、过去进行时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在进行时 1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone. 2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now. 3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming. 4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down. 5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 1. look, sound, smell, taste, feel 2. love, like, enjoy, hate 3. hope, wish 4. be, have 5. think, know, remember, forget 过去进行时 1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning. 2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 At that time, I was reading a newspaper. 3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet. 11．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The headmaster is not available now. He ________ to the new teachers. A．speaks B．spoke C．is speaking D．was speaking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：校长现在没空。 他正和新来的老师讲话。 考查时态。根据now可知，此处用现在进行时are/am/is+doing，故选C。 12．（2019·上海·中考真题）Look!They about the solution to the network problems again. A．argue B．are arguing C．argued D．were arguing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看，他们又在讨论解决网络问题的办法。 A. argue争吵；原形；B. are arguing正在争吵，现在进行时；C. argued争吵，过去式；D. were arguing争吵，过去进行时。根据Look!可知下文是现在进行时，其结构是is/are doing的形式，主语是they，be动词用are。根据题意，故选B。 13．（2015·上海·中考真题）Now Jerry ______ the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room. A．discussed B．is discussing C．was discussing D．has discussed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：现在杰里正在会议室和他的同班同学讨论交换生项目。A. discussed 一般过去时；B. is discussing 现在进行时；C. was discussing 过去进行时；D.has discussed现在完成时。根据now可知用现在进行时，故选B。 14．（2013·上海·中考真题）Look，so many passengers__________ with their smart phones on the underground． A．played B．will play C．are playing D．have played 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看，这么多乘客在地铁上正在玩手机．结合语境可知本句描述的是现在正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时态，选Ｃ． 考点：时态 15．（2014·上海·中考真题）Susan and Lily________tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday. A．pick B．are picking C．will pick D．were picking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：明天这个时候苏珊和莉莉在农场摘西红柿及其它蔬菜。表示昨天这个时刻正在做的事，用过去进行时态。故选D。 16．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Mike________the furniture into his new flat this time yesterday. A．would move B．was moving C．has moved D．had moved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候迈克正在把家具搬进他的新居。 考查过去进行时。根据“this time yesterday”，可知句子是过去进行时，结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语Mike是第三人称单数。故选B。 17．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Some exchange students ____________ with their host families this time yesterday. A．are chatting B．will chat C．were chatting D．have chatted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，一些交换生正在和他们的寄宿家庭聊天。 this time yesterday昨天的这个时间，表示过去的某个时间段内正在进行的动作。应该用过去进行时。A是现在进行时、B是一般将来时、D是现在完成时。故选C。 18．（2012·上海·中考真题） The students       the Art Festival when I passed by their school. A．celebrate B．were celebrating C．will celebrate D．have celebrated 【答案】B 【详解】考查过去进行时，当我经过学校是，学生正在庆祝艺术节，由passed一词可知是一般过去时，答案选B。 ►考向三、现在完成时，过去完成时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在完成时 1. 已完成 1. She has left. 2. I have finished my work. 2. 未完成 1. I have lived here for 10 years. 2. I’ve known her for 5 years. 3. 信号词：since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, already , ever, never, just, yet, once, before I’m 15 now, I have lived here since I was 5.  = I have lived here since 2003.  = I have lived here for 10 years. 4. have been (to) ，have gone (to) 与have been in的区别 1. I’ve been to Beijing for many time. I know it well. 2. We can’t go shopping with Susan now, she has gone to Japan. 3. He has been abroad many times. 4. He has gone home. 5. I have been in Shanghai for more than 10 years. 5. 与一般过去时的区别: __________________________________. 1. I saw the film just now. 2. I have just seen the film. 过去完成时 1. 过去的过去 –Did you see Tom at the party? -- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left 2. 信号词： by the end of last year(term, month…),by yesterday, by the time, before, after, etc. By the end of last month we had reviewed four books. *By the end of next month we will have reviewed four books. 两点注意 1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 =非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换: begin/ start – be on, borrow – keep, buy – have, close – be closed, come – be back/ here, catch a cold – have a cold, die – be dead, fall asleep – be asleep, finish – be over, leave – be away from, join – be in/ be a member of, open – be open, put on – wear, wake up – be awake He joined the League two years ago. = Two years has passed since he joined the League. = It is two years since he joined the League. =It has been two years since he joined the League. = He has been in the League for two years. 2. 不规则动词 1. A-A-A 2. A-B-A 3. A-B-B 1. burst, cost, cut, hit, hurt, let, put, read 2. become, come, overcome, run 3. bend, bring, build, burn, buy, catch, deal, dig 19．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new restaurant _______ two surveys on its food and service since June. A．is doing B．will do C．did D．has done 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自6月份以来，这家新餐厅就其食物和服务进行了两次调查。 考查动词时态。根据“since June”可知句子是现在完成时，故选D。 20．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家游乐园接待了很多游客，不是吗？ 考查反意疑问句。根据has received可知，前半句是现在完成时，是肯定句，后半句用否定形式，助动词用hasn’t ，故选B。 21．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years． A．by B．for C．on D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个古镇已经对游客开放了大约十年。 考查介词的用法。by被；for为了；on在上面；though虽然。根据has been可知是现在完成时，for接时间段，10年是个时间段。故选B。 【点睛】 22．（2018·上海·中考真题）The film Operation Red Sea_____a lot of praise since its first show months ago. A．wins B．win C．will win D．has won 【答案】D 【详解】句意：红海行动自几个月前首映以来，赢得了很多好评。since its first show months ago是表示到目前为止的时间段，用在现在完成时态的句子中。故答案为D。 23．（2012·上海·中考真题）The volunteers __ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years. A．offered B．will offer C．are offering D．have offered 【答案】D 【详解】句意：近十年来，志愿者们为社会提供了很多帮助。考查现在完成时，由for nearly ten years.可知是用现在完成时，选D答案。 24．（2019·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month，Jane enough money for the poor sick boy. A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到上个月底，简已经为那个可怜的生病男孩筹到了足够的钱。 A. raised筹钱；B. would raise会筹钱；C. had raised已经筹钱；过去完成时；D. has raised已经筹钱，现在完成时。根据时间状语By the end of last month可知用过去完成时，其结构是had done的形式。根据题意，故选C。 25．（2011·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month, I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber. A．collect B．collected C．have collected D．had collected 【答案】D 【详解】考查点：过去完成时的用法。 解题思路：此处by意为“到…为止”，该句意为“到上个月末为止，我已经将Justin Bieber全部的CD收集起来”，表示“动作从过去已经开始一直持续到过去某个时间”，故要使用过去完成时，答案选D； 26．（2014·上海·中考真题）By the end of last week, Maggie _____________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：到上周末为止， Maggie已经在中国西部待了两个月帮助那些无家可归的孩子们。根据句中时间状语By the end of last week是到上周末为止，即到过去时间为止已经完成的动作，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。 ►考向四、一般将来时, 过去将来时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 一般将来时 1. 第一人称+shall, 所有人称+will表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 1. I shall/ will turn off the lights when I leave the room. 2. When shall we meet again? 2. be going to do表示(1)计划、打算做某事 (2) 根据目前情况很可能要发生的事 1. I’m going to visit my grandparents next Friday evening. 2. It’s windy. It’s going to rain. 3.信号词：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, the coming Sunday, in the future, etc. My father will be back home from Japan in a week. 4. 主将从现 1. Mary will go shopping when she has time. 2. You will stay alone after I leave. 5. 一些表示状态或位置转移的动词用现在进行时表示将来：come, go, arrive, leave, etc. Are you going to the wetlands phone show next week? 过去将来时 1. 从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句 1. He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 2. I asked who was going there. 2. 信号词：the next day(morning, year…),later, soon, the following month(week…),etc. Yesterday our class teacher said we would soon have an outing. 27．（2018·上海·中考真题）Michael_________in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A．teach B．taught C．will teach D．was teaching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：米迦勒将于明年二月至六月在云南的一所学校任教。根据时间状语next year判断，句子的时态为一般将来时态，故答案为C。 28．（2011·上海·中考真题）We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week. A．move B．moved C．will move D．have moved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们很高兴听到格林一家下周要搬去新公寓。 考查宾语从句和一般将来时的用法。 解题思路：这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，主句使用一般将来时，从句可以使用各种时态；由从句中next week可以看出主句要使用一般将来时，故答案选C。 29．（2013·上海·中考真题）The official said they ________ a new law to protect the tourists the next year. A．makes B．would make C．made D．have made 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：这个官员说：来年，他们将要制定一个新的法律去保护旅行者们。分析：考查宾语从句的用法，当主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去式，从句原来的时态为将来时，因此将will make改为would make.故选 B 考点：考查宾语从句的用法。 30．（2015·上海·中考真题） Tim told us that his company ______ robots to do some of the work. A．uses B．will use C．has used D．would use 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蒂姆告诉过我，他的公司会使用机器人做工作的一部分。宾语从句的结构：主语+谓语+连接词+从句。从句在句中作宾语。从句要用陈述句的语序。如果主句是一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态，如果主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。但是从句是客观真理，一般用一般现在时态。该句主句是过去时态，根据句意可知从句动作还没有发生，所以用过去将来时，故选D。 31．（2012·上海·中考真题）Jenny told me that she __ an English Speech Contest the next month. A．takes part in B．is taking part in C．took part in D．would take part in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：珍妮告诉我她下个月将参加一个英语演讲比赛。由next month.可知是将来时，只有D是将来时，故答案选D。 ►考向五、被动语态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不同时态的被动语态 1.被动语态的基本形式 2.不同时态的被动语态 3. 含情态动词被动语态 4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 5.被动语态在句子改写中运用 1. 不同时态的被动语态基本构成形式，在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。 2. 主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 含情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 ►01、 被动语态单选题 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你和你的密友说话，生活中的忧虑就会减少。 A. will reduce会减少，一般将来时；B. were reducing正在减少，过去进行时；C. will be reduced将被减少，将来时被动语态；D. were reduced被减少，一般过去时态被动语态。这里是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，根据主语是Worries可知这里是将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。根据题意，故选C。 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为庆祝即将举行的科学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是“被装修”，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：几个月以前，一个英国女孩为一所儿童医院筹集了三万多美元。… ago多久以前，过去的时间，根据several months ago可知用一般过去时态；主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。所以选择一般过去时态的被动结构，故选B。 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我相信很快就会有更严格的控制吸烟的措施。 考查被动语态。根据“very soon”可知此句是一般将来时，结合句意可知此句是被动语态，故此句是一般将来时的被动语态，答案选D。 ►02、 句型转换中的被动语态 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. 【答案】 ①. was ②. discovered 【解析】 【详解】句意：该研究小组上周发现了一种新的昆虫。原句是一般过去时，被动语态是一般过去时的被动语态，主语中心词是“kind”，be动词用was。故填was；discovered。 （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. 【答案】were saved 【详解】 句意：吴医生挽救了很多病人的生命。此处改为被动语态，saved是一般过去时，主语a lot of patients' lives是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式，故填were saved。 （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. 【答案】were attracted 【解析】句意：这位13岁的独臂篮球运动员吸引了许多球迷。原句是一般过去时，改为一般过去时态的被动语态，结构是was/were+过去分词；主语fans复数，助动词用were；故填were attracted。 （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. 【答案】 (1). was (2). released 【解析】 The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.意思是“科学家们于10年4月10日向世界公布了一张黑洞的照片。”这里是改为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式。主语是The picture of a black hole，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填was released。 （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. 【答案】be held 【解析】原句为一般将来时，改为被动语态后使用 be 动词原形，hold 改为过去分词 held。 （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． 【答案】is organized 【解析】句意：﹣﹣当地政府每年秋天组织电影节．﹣﹣电影节每年秋天由当地政府组织． 考查被动语态．由organizes 组织，第三人称单数，可知是一般现在时态的被动语态，结构是is/am/are+动词的过去分词．主语是The film festival电影节，单数，因此用be动词单数is．organize的过去分词是organized．答案是is organized．　 （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 【答案】     was     invented 【详解】句意；上学期一个中学生发明了一种新的机器人。被动语态的结构是be done，原句中invented是动词过去式，故改为一般过去式被动语态，主语是单数形式，助动词用was，故填was；invented。 好题新题特训 一、单选 1．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The restaurant ______ two surveys on its service since last month to improve itself. A．was doing B．will do C．did D．has done 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自上个月以来，这家餐厅已经对其服务进行了两次调查，以改善自己。 考查时态。根据“since last month”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选D。 2．（2025·上海金山·三模）I borrowed the English storybook last week. I ________ it for a week. A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed D．had 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我上周借了这本英文故事书。我已经借了一周了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for a week”可知，此句是现在完成时，排除D；谓语动词和一段时间连用，需要延续性动词，AC选项都是短暂性动词，不符合，B选项正确。故选B。 3．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Could you tell me ________? A．when will the show start B．when the show will start C．when would the show start D．when the show would start 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我演出什么时候开始吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句，从句为陈述语序；“Could you…”表示委婉请求，而非过去式，根据“Could you tell me…”的语境可知，演出还没有开始，应用一般将来时。故选B。 4．（2025·上海闵行·三模）It will be a great honor if I ________ to the opening ceremony next week. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果我下周被邀请参加开幕式，那将是一种极大的荣幸。    考查动词时态和语态辨析。invite邀请，动词原形，主动语态；will invite将邀请，一般将来时，主动语态；am invited被邀请，一般现在时，被动语态；will be invited将被邀请，一般将来时，被动语态。根据“It will be a great honor if I ... to the opening ceremony next week.”  可知，句子主语“I”与“邀请”之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态，句中“next week”表示将来时间，但在“if”引导的条件状语从句中，需用一般现在时表将来。故选C。 5．（2025·上海崇明·三模）Tina and Peter ________ next-door neighbours since they came to Beijing. A．were B．are C．have been D．had been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Tina和Peter自从来到北京后一直是隔壁邻居。 考查动词时态。根据“since they came to Beijing.”可知，此处表示从过去某一时间点持续到现在的状态，需用现在完成时（have/has done）。故选C。 6．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）Henry was trying to escape through the window when he ________ to the ground. A．falls B．fell C．was falling D．has fallen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：亨利正试图从窗户逃走时，突然摔倒在地。 考查一般过去时态。根据“Henry was trying to escape through the window”可知，亨利正试图逃跑的时候，突然摔倒了，即“was trying to escape”（试图逃跑）的过程中，发生了“fell to the ground”（摔到地上）这一瞬时动作。一般过去时（fell）表示动作的完成，强调结果。故选B。 7．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）“Hurry, the show ________ in five minutes’ time”, Esther shouted excitedly. A．started B．has started C．was starting D．will start 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“快点，演出五分钟后就要开始了。”埃丝特兴奋地喊道。 考查动词时态。根据“in five minutes’ time”可知，句子描述的是将来发生的动作，所以用一般将来时，结构：will+动词原形。故选D。 8．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Kitty ________ snow before her family moved to Canada. A．has never seen B．had never seen C．would never see D．did never see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：基蒂在全家搬到加拿大之前从未见过雪。 考查时态。根据“before her family moved to Canada”可知，此处指过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选B。 9．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）By noon, that young delivery man ________ delivering over 20 orders and felt tired. A．had completed B．completed C．would complete D．completes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：到中午时，那个年轻的送货员已经完成了20多个订单的配送，感到很累。 考查过去完成时。根据“By noon”可知，此处表示在中午之前已经完成的动作；主句后半部分“felt tired”使用了一般过去时，说明“完成送货”发生在“感到累”之前，即过去的过去，因此，前半部分需用过去完成时“had+过去分词”，故选A。 10．（2025·上海静安·二模）When I ________ a charity show at Shanghai Exhibition Centre, I met an old friend. A．was attending B．attend C．have attended D．had attended 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我在上海展览中心参加一个慈善演出时，我遇到了一位老朋友。 考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，主句“I met an old friend”使用了一般过去时，所以从句也应使用过去的某种时态。此处表示“当我在参加慈善演出时”，强调在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，所以应使用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。主语是I，所以be动词使用was，attend的现在分词是attending。故选A。 11．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）So far, the decision to change the location ________ more problems than it solved. A．causes B．had caused C．has caused D．will cause 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，改变地点的决定引发的问题比它解决的问题更多。    考查动词时态。根据题干中的时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）可知，句子需使用现在完成时，其结构为“has/have done”，强调改变地点“至今”造成的影响，故选C。 12．（2025·上海松江·二模）I have lived in Shanghai ________my father came here for work in 2000. A．since B．when C．while D．until 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自2000年我父亲来这里工作以来，我就一直住在上海。 考查连词辨析。since自从；when当……时；while在……期间；until直到。主句用现在完成时（have lived），且时间状语为“in 2000年”，需用“since”表示“从过去某一时间点持续到现在”，故选A。 13．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Stan went to the police station this morning because someone ________ his motorcycle. A．has stolen B．was stealing C．would steal D．had stolen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Stan今天早上去了警察局，因为有人偷了他的摩托车。 考查时态。根据“Stan went to the police station this morning”可知，有人偷摩托车是发生在今天早上之前，用过去完成时，结构为had done。故选D。 14．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）When Alice looked for the copy of Harry Potter, she found that it ________ by someone else. A．is borrowed B．was borrowed C．has been borrowed D．had been borrowed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当爱丽丝寻找《哈利·波特》的副本时，她发现它已经被别人借走了。    考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语可知寻找副本发生在过去，且横线部分是found的宾语从句，根据宾语从句时态原则“主过从过”，即主句用一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态，可排除AC选项；结合“When Alice looked for the copy of Harry Potter,”可知，“找的时候发现已经被别人借走了”，对当时造成了影响。故用过去完成时。故选D。 15．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）At 8 P.M. last night, I ________ for my English test. A．studied B．would study C．was studying D．had studied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨晚8点，我正在准备英语考试。 考查过去进行时。根据时间状语“At 8 P.M. last night”可知，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，是过去进行时was/were doing。故选C。 16．（2025·上海静安·二模）Mike ________ watering the flowers before his father told him to do so. A．will finish B．would finish C．has finished D．had finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在父亲吩咐他之前，迈克已经浇完花了。 考查时态。根据“before his father told him to do so.”可知，此处迈克浇花这个动作发生在他父亲告诉他之前，即“过去的过去”，所以应用过去完成时，结构为“had +动词过去分词”。故选D。 17．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The boy seems very confident, because he ________ many speeches in public before. A．give B．will give C．gives D．has given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个男孩看起来很自信，因为他以前在公共场合做过很多演讲。 考查现在完成时。根据“The boy seems very confident, because he...many speeches in public before.”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，即“男孩之前在公共场合发表过很多演讲，所以他现在看起来非常自信”，应使用现在完成时。故选D。 18．（2025·上海青浦·二模）My wife and I ________ a couple of times before we got to know each other. A．met B．meet C．had met D．are meeting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我和我妻子在彼此了解之前已经见过几次面了。 考查过去完成时。“got to know”是一般过去时，而“见面”这个动作发生在“got to know”之前，即过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”。故选C。 19．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）If you practise more in reading and writing, you ________ greater progress in English learning. A．were making B．will make C．made D．have made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你多练习阅读和写作，你会在英语学习中取得更大进步。 考查动词的时态。根据“If you practise more in reading and writing”可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句，此时应遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句需用一般将来时（will do）表示未来，从句用一般现在时。故选B。 20．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）Winnie isn’t free now. She ________ ideas for the school project with her groupmates. A．is discussing B．discusses C．discussed D．was discussing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：温妮现在没空。她正在和组员讨论学校项目的想法。 考查动词时态。discuss讨论。根据“now”可知句子用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，结构为“be动词+现在分词”，本句Winnie为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。 21．（2025·上海长宁·二模）Jenny ________ some photography skills for several months before she joined the club. A．was learning B．has learned C．had learned D．will learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮在加入俱乐部之前已经学习了几个月的摄影技巧。 考查过去完成时态。was learning正在学习，过去进行时；has learned已经学习了，现在完成时；had learned已经学习了，过去完成时；will learn将会学习，一般将来时。根据“Jenny...some photography skills for several months before she joined the club.”可知，句中“joined the club”是过去的动作，而“学习摄影技巧”发生在“joined the club”之前，是过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时，构成是“had+动词过去分词”。故选C。 22．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? The plane ________ off in 15 minutes. A．took B．will take C．has taken D．was taking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：女士们，先生们，请注意了。飞机将在15分钟后起飞。 考查一般将来时。根据“in 15 minutes”可知，应为一般将来时（will do）。故选B。 23．（2025·上海闵行·二模）Terry met his favourite singer while he ________ the radio station. A．visits B．would visit C．had visited D．was visiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：特里在参观电台时遇到了他最喜欢的歌手。 考查动词时态。根据“Terry met his favourite singer while he ... the radio station.”可知，while引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般过去时，从句表示过去某个时段正在进行的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing结构，故选D。 24．（2025·上海宝山·二模）What ________ you ________ at eight o’clock yesterday morning, Judy? A．are...doing B．were...doing C．did...do D．have...done 【答案】B 【详解】句意：朱迪，你昨天早上八点在做什么？ 考查动词时态。are...doing现在进行时；were...doing过去进行时；did...do一般过去时；have...done现在完成时。根据“at eight o’clock yesterday morning”可知，这里强调在过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时were...doing。故选B。 25．（2025·上海松江·二模）By the time the ambulance came, his heart ________beating. A．stopped B．has stopped C．had stopped D．would stop 【答案】C 【详解】句意：救护车赶到时，他的心脏已经停止跳动了。 考查过去完成时的用法。根据“By the time the ambulance came”可知，此处表明“心脏停止跳动”发生在“救护车赶到”之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。故选C。 26．（2025·上海金山·二模）By the time I called my friend to cancel our visit, she ________ the tickets to the museum. A．had booked B．has booked C．booked D．books 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我打电话给朋友取消我们的参观时，她已经订好了博物馆的票。 考查过去完成时。根据“By the time I called”可知，订票发生在打电话取消之前，即空处动作发生在过去的过去，需用过去完成时，结构为had done。故选A。 27．（2025·上海金山·二模）While Jack and I ________ a movie at home, the lights went out all of a sudden. A．was watching B．were watching C．are watching D．had watched 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我和Jack正在家里看电影时，灯突然熄灭了。 考查过去进行时。此句为While引导的时间状语从句，主句“the lights went out”为一般过去时，从句描述停电时正在看电影，即过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作，需用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选B。 28．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）Mr. Smith ________ to England next week after spending 10 years teaching in Singapore. A．returns B．returned C．has returned D．will return 【答案】D 【详解】句意：史密斯先生在新加坡任教10年后，将于下周返回英国。 考查一般将来时。根据“next week”可知，此处应用一般将来时。故选D。 29．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Britain’s landmark London Eye ________ in gold and red on the eve of Spring Festival in 2025. A．shines B．shone C．will shine D．has shone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：英国标志性建筑伦敦眼在2025年春节前夕闪耀着金色和红色的光芒。 考查时态。根据“on the eve of Spring Festival in 2025.”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 30．（2025·上海松江·二模）Look! Mary ________a lot of books. Let’s help her. A．is carrying B．has carried C．carried D．was carrying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！玛丽正在搬许多书。让我们去帮她吧。 考查动词时态辨析。根据语境“Look!”可知，此处描述的是现在正在发生的动作，即玛丽正在搬书，所以应该用现在进行时is carrying。故选A。 31．（2025·上海普陀·二模）When I ______ an online class, my cat suddenly jumped onto my keyboard. A．attend B．would attend C．was attending D．had attended 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我参加一个在线课程时，我的猫突然跳到我的键盘上。 考查过去进行时。根据“my cat suddenly jumped onto my keyboard.”可知，此处指猫跳到键盘上那一时刻，我正在开会。表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing。故选C。 32．（2025·上海普陀·二模）—Any plans for the coming weekend? It’ll be warm and sunny. —Nice weather can’t be wasted. I ______ for a hike with my parents. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——即将到来的周末有什么计划吗？天气将会温暖又晴朗。——好天气可不能被浪费。我将和我的父母去远足。 考查动词时态。go一般现在时；went一般过去时；will go一般将来时；have gone现在完成时。根据问句“Any plans for the coming weekend?”可知，这里讨论的是未来周末的安排，所以答语应该用一般将来时来表达自己的计划。故选C。 33．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Lily and Alice have been friends ________ they met in college. A．because B．when C．since D．after 【答案】C 【详解】句意：莉莉和爱丽丝自从在大学认识后就一直是朋友。 考查连词辨析。because因为；when当……时；since自从；after在……以后。根据“Lily and Alice have been friends”可知，表示从过去延续到现在的状态，用“since”引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，故选C。 34．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Emma ________ French for years before visiting France last summer. A．studies B．has studied C．had studied D．is studying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾玛在去年夏天去法国之前已经学了好几年法语了。 考查过去完成时。studies一般现在时；has studied现在完成时；had studied过去完成时；is studying现在进行时。根据“for years before visiting France last summer.”可知，该动作是在过去的过去已经完成的，所以用过去完成时态，表示过去的过去发生的动作对过去造成的影响和后果。其构成为：had+动词过去分词。故选C。 35．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）By the time the firefighters arrived, the fire ______ most of the building. A．destroy B．destroyed C．has destroyed D．had destroyed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当消防员到达时，大火已经烧毁了大部分建筑物。     考查动词时态辨析。destroy（原形）；destroyed（过去式）；has destroyed（现在完成时）；had destroyed（过去完成时）。根据“By the time the firefighters arrived”可知，大火烧毁建筑物发生在消防员到达之前，即“过去的过去”，需用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），故选D。 36．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）I ______ a photo of the sunset when my camera battery died. A．took B．was taking C．have taken D．will take 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我正在拍摄日落照片时，相机突然没电了。     考查动词时态辨析。根据题干中“when my camera battery died”可知，主句动作（拍照）是在从句事件（没电）发生时正在进行，需用过去进行时，故选B。 37．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从上个月英语角成立以来，我们已经组织了六次活动。 考查句子时态。has been set现在完成时的被动语态；is set一般现在时的被动语态；was set一般过去时的被动语态；will be set一般将来时的被动语态。“since”引导的从句表示动作的起点，主句用现在完成时have + 过去分词，从句通常用一般过去时，表示过去发生的具体动作。从句中有明确的时间状语“last month”（上个月），强调动作发生在过去，因此从句需用一般过去时。故选C。 38．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The businessman bought all the pictures that ______ by the famous artist. A．draw B．drew C．were drawn D．were drawing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这位商人买下了所有由这位著名艺术家创作的画作。 考查动词时态和语态。根据题干“that ... by the famous artist”可知，此处需要填入一个被动语态，表示“画作是被艺术家创作的”，且主句时态为过去时（bought），因此应选择一般过去时的被动语态were drawn，故选C。 39．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】A 【详解】句意：国际卡通展览每年都在这里举办，以迎接来自世界各地的粉丝。   考查动词的时态和语态。is held​​被举办，一般现在时被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，这是一个经常性、习惯性的动作，所以句子时态应用一般现在时。同时，“The International Cartoon Exhibition”与“hold”之间是被动关系，即展览是被举办的，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态“be + 过去分词”结构。故选A。 40．（2025·上海松江·二模）How beautiful these photos are! I wonder where they ________. A．are taken B．were taken C．will be taken D．had been taken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些照片多漂亮啊！我想知道它们在哪里拍的。 考查时态及语态。根据语境可知，拍摄照片的事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，they指代照片，与谓语为被动关系，用被动语态。故选B。 41．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）People ________ of the coming typhoon in advance, so they took measures to prepare for its arrival. A．warned B．were warned C．have warned D．have been warned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人们事先得到了台风来临的警告，所以他们采取了措施为台风的到来做准备。 考查时态和语态。根据“so they took measures to prepare for its arrival.”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，且主语people与warn是被动关系，因此空处要用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。 42．（2025·上海长宁·一模）I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为如果再给这个孩子一次机会，他会做得更好。 考查时态和语态。该句是if引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，因为主语“he”和“give”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“he”，填is given。故选B。 43．（2025·上海静安·一模）A speech on AI technology ________ in the coming Tech Festival. A．is given B．was given C．has been given D．will be given 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在即将来到的技术节将会有一个关于AI技术的讲座。 考查一般将来时被动语态。根据“in the coming Tech Festival”可知，本句应该用一般将来时，主语A speech是动作give的承受者，要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 44．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：莎士比亚的戏剧已经在舞台上演出了100多万次。 考查动词的时态和语态。will be performed将被表演，一般将来时的被动语态；were performed被表演，一般过去时的被动语态；are being performed正在被表演，现在进行时的被动语态；have been performed已经被表演，现在完成时的被动语态。根据题干中的“more than a million times”可知，表示动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响，故使用现在完成时。故选D。 45．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）We all know that the 1st China International Import Expo (进博会) ________ in November 2018. A．was held B．has been held C．will be held D．is held 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们都知道第一届进博会在2018年11月举行。 考查时态和语态。主语the 1st China International Import Expo与谓语hold之间是被动关系，结构为“be+done”，根据“November 2018”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语是单数，be动词用was，hold的过去分词为held。故选A。 46．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：塑料被用来制造许多东西。 考查被动语态及非谓语动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”；used to do表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”。根据“Plastic”可知塑料被用来做东西，应用be used to do sth.，主语“Plastic”是不可数名词，需用单数形式“is”，故选C。 47．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Alice, you ________ on the phone now, please come to my office as quickly as possible. A．want B．are wanting C．are wanted D．have wanted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝，现在有电话找你，请尽快来我办公室。 考查语态。主语Alice和want之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+动词过去分词。want的过去分词为wanted。故选C。 48．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years. A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去的二十年里，计算机研究取得了很大进展。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“in the past twenty years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示在过去的时间里已经完成的事对现在有影响，且主语“Great progress”与动词“make”之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为：has/have been + 过去分词。故选C。 49．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world. A．is recognized B．was recognized C．has been recognized D．will be recognized 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自从她赢得这场比赛以来，她就被公认为是世界上最好的网球运动员之一。 考查时态语态。根据“Since she won the match,”可知，本句应使用现在完成时，再根据句意可知，主语和谓语之间是被动关系。故选C。 50．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）After Fengxian Museum ________, it became a new tourist attraction. A．completed B．completes C．is completed D．was completed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：奉贤博物馆建成后，它成为了新的旅游胜地。 考查动词的时态和语态。“Fengxian Museum”和“complete”是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，排除选项A和B；根据“it became…”可知此处应用一般过去时“was completed”。故选D。 二、完成句子 51．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The volunteers will organize a charity run for homeless children. (改为被动语态) A charity run for homeless children will by the volunteers. 【答案】 be organized 【详解】句意：志愿者们将为无家可归的孩子们组织一次慈善活动。被动语态结构为“be done”，此句时态为一般将来时，空格前有will，因此be用原形，organize的过去分词是organized。故填be；organized。 （2025·上海闵行·三模）The government will organize an activity to encourage green energy use. (改为被动语态) An activity will 52 53 by the government to encourage green energy use. 【答案】 be organized 【详解】句意：政府将组织一项活动以鼓励使用绿色能源。原句为主动语态，时态为一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。改为被动语态时，需将主动语态的宾语“an activity”变为被动语态的主语，结构为“will be + 过去分词”。“organize”的过去分词为“organized”，因此空白处应填“be organized”。故填be；organized。 54．（2025·上海金山·三模）We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改为被动语态） The hand-made chocolate should in a low temperature. 【答案】 be kept 【详解】句意：我们应将手工巧克力保存在低温环境中。根据“should”可知，这里是含有情态动词的被动语态，结构是：should be done。故填be；kept。 55．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They sent the letter of invitation to the wrong address. (改为被动语态) The letter of invitation to the wrong address. 【答案】 was sent 【详解】句意：他们把邀请信寄错了地址。原句是一般过去时，其被动语态结构为：was/were done。主语是三单，be动词用was；send的过去分词是sent。故填was；sent。 56．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Shakespeare wrote Hamlet over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today.  (改为被动语态) Hamlet by Shakespeare over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today. 【答案】 was written 【详解】句意：莎士比亚在 400 多年前创作了《哈姆雷特》，然而它在今天依然很著名。被动语态结构是be done，且由原句中“wrote”可知，时态是一般过去时，主语“Hamlet”是三单，故be动词用was，write的过去分词是written。故填was；written。 57．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）The workers had to stop the machine to check for any problem. (改为被动语态) The machine had to by workers to check for any problem. 【答案】 be stopped 【详解】句意：工人们不得不停下机器检查是否有问题。改为被动语态，机器必须被工人停下来检查是否有问题。该句是情态动词的被动语态be stopped“被停下”，情态动词后用动词原形。故填be；stopped。 58．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Alice got excited when Mrs Wang read her writing as a model in class. (改为被动语态) Alice got excited when her writing as a model in class. 【答案】 was read 【详解】句意：当王老师在课堂上朗读她的作品时，爱丽丝很兴奋。改为被动语态，将原句中的短语read…as“把……读作”，改为被动结构be done，时态为一般过去时，主语为单数，be动词用was，动词read的过去分词为原形。故填was；read。 59．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night. (改为被动语态) The news about the fire by the local TV station last night. 【答案】 was reported 【详解】句意：当地电视台昨晚报道了火灾的消息。改为被动语态，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done，主语是The news，be动词用was，was reported“被报道”。故填was；reported。 60．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The boss will choose the right person to take charge of the sales. (改为被动语态) The right person will by the boss to take charge of the sales. 【答案】 be chosen 【详解】句意：老板会选择合适的人来负责销售。被动语态的结构为“be+动词的过去分词”，根据空前的“will”可知，此处应填be chosen。故填be；chosen。 61．（2025·上海长宁·二模）The government has made laws to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. (改为被动语态) Laws made by the government to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. 【答案】 have been 【详解】句意：政府已经制定法律，禁止12岁以下的儿童骑共享单车。根据“has made”可知，原句时态是现在完成时，改为被动语态，应用现在完成的被动语态have/has been done，主语Laws是复数，助动词用have。故填have；been。 62．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The delivery man left the package at the door yesterday. (改为被动语态) The package at the door by the delivery man yesterday. 【答案】was left 【详解】句意：昨天快递员把包裹留在了门口。根据“The delivery man left...”可知句子应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语“The package”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，leave的过去分词为left。故填was left。 63．（2025·上海静安·二模）Chinese engineers have tested a new-energy-powered ship in Shanghai recently.（改为被动语态） A new-energy-powered ship tested in Shanghai recently. 【答案】 has been 【详解】句意：中国工程师最近在上海测试了一艘新能源动力船。 现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been + 过去分词，原句主语变为被动句的宾语，宾语变为被动句的主语，主语A new-energy-powered ship是单数，助动词用has，故填has；been。 64．（2025·上海金山·二模）People use different apps to help in work and study. (改为被动语态) Different apps to help in work and study by people. 【答案】 are used 【详解】句意：人们使用不同的应用程序来帮助工作和学习。根据“People use”可知，原句时态为一般现在时，且谓语动词为“use”，变为被动语态用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构为am/is/are done。主语为复数的“Different apps”，be动词用are；use的过去分词为used。故填are；used。 65．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）How AI will affect the job market has been discussed by the researchers. (改为主动语态) The researchers how AI will affect the job market. 【答案】 have discussed 【详解】句意：研究人员已经讨论了人工智能将如何影响就业市场。原句是现在完成时的被动语态，改为主动语态时，时态仍为现在完成时，现在完成时主动语态的结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，主语the researchers是复数，所以用have discussed。故填have；discussed。 66．（2025·上海虹口·二模）The rule allows electric bicycles to travel through the tunnel during night hours. (改为被动语态) Electric bicycles to travel through the tunnel during night hours. 【答案】 are allowed 【详解】句意：该规定允许电动自行车在夜间通过隧道。原句时态为一般现在时，因此改后的句子的时态为一般现在时的被动句，结构为“主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)”，改写后的主语为“Electric bicycles”是复数，故用“are”，“allows ”的过去分词为“allowed”，故填are；allowed。 67．（2025·上海松江·二模）People often mistake Jack for his twin brother. (改为被动语态) Jack often for his twin brother. 【答案】 is mistaken 【详解】句意：人们经常把杰克误认为是他的孪生兄弟。被动语态的结构为“be+过去分词”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“Jack”，be动词用is，mistake的过去分词为mistaken。故填is；mistaken。 68．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Jim found a time box in the backyard of his grandma’s old house. (改为被动语态) A time box by Jim in the backyard of his grandma’s old house. 【答案】 was found 【详解】句意：吉姆在奶奶老房子的后院发现了一个时间盒子。根据“Jim found a time box”可知，原句时态为一般过去时，且谓语动词为found，原形为find“发现”。变为被动语态，用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was/were done。主语为第三人称单数的“A time box”，be动词用was；find的过去分词为found。故填was；found。 69．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Researchers developed a new kind of dancing robot last year.（改为被动语态） A new kind of dancing robot by researchers last year. 【答案】 was developed 【详解】句意：研究人员去年开发了一种新型的跳舞机器人。根据过去式“developed”可知，原句为一般过去时，应改为一般过去时的被动语态，主语“A new kind of dancing robot”为第三人称单数，谓语结构用was done，develop的过去分词为developed。故填was；developed。 70．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）They took all the luggage in the rooms to the hall an hour ago.（改为被动语态） All the luggage in the rooms to the hall an hour ago. 【答案】 was taken 【详解】句意：他们一个小时之前把所有房间里的行李都搬到了大厅。改为被动语态时宾语提到前面变为主语，要使用be done结构，由“an hour ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“luggage”为不可数名词，be动词用was，take的过去分词为taken。故填was；taken。 71．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The scientist invented a new product to reduce energy waste last month. （改为被动语态） A new product by the scientist to reduce energy waste last month. 【答案】 was invented 【详解】句意：这位科学家上个月发明了一种减少能源浪费的新产品。改为被动语态，应用一般过去时的被动语态即“was/were+过去分词”，主语A new product是单数，用was。故填was；invented。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 动词时态、被动语态（核心考点精讲精练） 复习目标 在初中主要学习的是八种时态，他们分别是，一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时等八种时态。时态是中考一个非常重要的语法知 上海中考对被动语态主要考查不同时态的被动语态和情态动词的被动语态。其中以一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时的被动语态和一般将来时的被动语态为主，其次涉及到含有情态动词的被动语态和现在完成时的被动语态。 【思维导图】 考点概览 （一）动词时态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 一般现在时 一般过去时 考察最多的主要集中在 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。 1、动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, stop 等用一般现在时表将来。这主要表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The movie starts at six o’clock and ends at 8 o’clock. 2、在时间或条件句中，一般现在时可以表示将来。 3、注意动词过去式的不规则变化 现在进行时 过去进行时 下列动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。如 go, come, fly, leave, start, begin, arrive 等。 例如：My father is arriving at Beijing airport at 3 p.m. tomorrow. 现在完成时 过去完成时 1、注意现在完成时一些标志词，如：already, just, ever, never, before, yet；since 和 for 2、注意区分瞬间动词与延续动词 一般将来时 过去将来时 1、掌握常见时间状语：the next day 2、在宾语从句中，主句过去时，从句的动作发生某个将来的时间。 （二） 被动语态 被动语态结构： 1. 一般现在时 2. 一般过去时 3. 一般将来时 4. 过去将来时 5. 现在进行时 6. 过去进行时 7. 现在完成时 8. 过去完成时 9. 带情态动词 1. The article is written (by her). 2. The article was written (by her). 3. The article will be written (by her). 4. Our teacher said the article would be written (by her). 5. The article is being written (by her). 6. The article was being written (by her). 7. The article has been written (by her). 8. The teacher said the article had been written (by her). 9. The article might be written by her. 还原to 使役动词make /let /have及感官动词hear ,see ,find ,watch, feel, etc的特殊用法 1. Mother often makes me do some housework. →I am often made to do some housework by mother. 2. We saw him run into the classroom. →He was seen to run into the classroom by us. 主动表被动： 1. 不及物动词write, sell, wash, open, lock, read, clean, cut, burn, drive，prove, grow（长得），而且主语为物 2. 大多数系动词：be ,feel (摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来) ，taste（尝起来）, become, fall (asleep), get, keep, remain, seem, stay, turn, grow (变得), appear (呈现) 等 3. 在need/ want/ require doing或be worth doing句型中 1. This kind of shoes sells well.这种鞋子很好卖。 2. This skirt washes easily. 这件裙子很容易洗。 3. The pen writes well.这支钢笔很好写。 4. Ｔhe skirt feels very soft. 这件裙子摸起来很柔软。 5. The mooncakes taste delicious.(这些月饼尝起来很好吃。) 6. My watch needs mending. = My watch needs to be mended. · need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 7. The book is worth reading. (这本书值得一读。) 没有被动语态的词: 1. vi.: happen (= take place), break out(爆发)，break down(坏了), result from(缘于)，belong to, consist of, come true, come out，die ,disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, last, lie, remain, sit, spread（传播）, stand, etc. 2.vt.: cost, fit, have, suit等 3.vt.: 带同源宾语，宾语为反身代词，相互代词  4. vt.: 宾语为不定式或doing 1.The film lasted for 3 hours. 2. Many changes have happened in our hometown. 3. His dream has come true. 4. My photos will come out tomorrow. 5. This car costs 100,000 dollars. 6. We will have a meeting. (但hold a meeting 可以改被动)。 7. She dreamed a bad dream last night.  8. The man introduced himself to everyone. 9. They help each other study English. 10. She likes to swim.  　　 11. She enjoys watching TV. 　  辨认是否为被动语态 “be+过去分词”有时不能表示被动语态,而只能是系表结构。被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，而系表结构则表示主语的特点或所处的状态。 1. He is pleased / worried / tired /…(系表结构)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳……) 2. The door was closed last night. (系表结构，强调状态) 3. The door was closed by Tom last night. （被动语态，强调动作） 考题透视 ►考向一、 一般现在时，一般过去时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 一般现在时 1. 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况 1. It seldom snows here. 2. He is always ready to help others. 3. Neither of us is a doctor. 4. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, does he? 2. 信号词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, We visit our grandparents once a week. 3. 主将从现信号词：if(如果), when, as soon as, until, after, before 注意：if表示“是否”时不遵循主将从现的规则 1. I’ll talk to him when he ______. A. come B. will come C. comes D. came 2. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining 4. 普遍真理，一般规律 1. Light travels faster than sound. 2. Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 一般过去时 1. 信号词：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year. A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been 2. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory. A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins 3. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday. A. not did B. don't do C. didn’t do D. won’t do 2.的过去式和过去分词无变化,注意时态辨别。                   1. Father put on his cap and ____ out. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 2. The book cost Helen ten yuan.改写为： 一般疑问句：___________________________. 否定句：_______________________________. 反义疑问句：____________________________. 3.主句谓语动词为过去时，从句谓语动词也用过去时。 注意：从句叙述普遍真理或一般规律时例外。 1. I didn't know you were so busy. 2. Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before. A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read 3. We expected that the English teacher _______ some advice on how to write an English letter. A. will give B. gave C. is going to give D. would give 4.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 4. 既可以用于一般现在时也可以用于一般过去时的词 seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day eg. She often came to help us in those days. 1．（2014·上海·中考真题）Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she______back. A．came B．comes C．would come D．will come 2．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Every year thousands of tourists________the mountain area to relax themselves. A．visited B．were visiting C．visit D．have visited 3．（2011·上海·中考真题）Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving. A．ride B．rode C．rides D．will ride 4．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The three Chinese astronauts _______ safely from space on April 16, 2022. A．returned B．are returning C．have returned D．had returned 5．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）Last weekend, David ________ a visit to his grandparents in the countryside. A．pays B．paid C．will pay D．has paid 6．（2020·上海·九年级专题练习）Last week Vivian   a dress for her mother with her first-month salary. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．Would buy 7．（2018·上海·中考真题）The debate on whether to keep pets_____forty minutes yesterday afternoon. A．last B．lasted C．will last D．has lasted 8．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Several journalists ____________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago. A．interview B．interviewed C．will interview D．had interviewed 9．（2013·上海·中考真题）The schoolboy _________to the blind man on his Way home yesterday afternoon． A．apologizes B．apologized C．will apologize D．has apologized 10．（2011·上海·中考真题）–When _______ your mother _______ you that blue dress, Lucy? –Sorry, I really can’t remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago. A．will; buy B．does; buy C．did; buy ►考向二、 现在进行时、过去进行时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在进行时 1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作 Someone is asking for you on the phone. 2. 常见信号词：(right)now, at present, at the moment, at this time, these days, etc. The students are having an English lesson now. 3. 按计划或安排要进行的动作,信号词：go, come, leave start, arrive, work, have, stay, play, return, etc. -- Tom, supper is ready. Come quickly. -- Ok. I’m coming. 4. 用于含有Look! Listen! Be careful!的句中 Be careful! The glass is falling down. 5. 一般不用现在进行时的动词 1. look, sound, smell, taste, feel 2. love, like, enjoy, hate 3. hope, wish 4. be, have 5. think, know, remember, forget 过去进行时 1. 过去某时刻或某段时间正在进行的事 I was reading the newspaper at 6:30 this morning. 2. at this time yesterday, at that time, then, at five o’clock in the afternoon, from two to three yesterday afternoon或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 At that time, I was reading a newspaper. 3. 过去某件事情发生时，另外一个动作正在进行 1. The earthquake started while I was doing some shopping. 2. I was typing a letter while my daughter was searching for information on the Internet. 11．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The headmaster is not available now. He ________ to the new teachers. A．speaks B．spoke C．is speaking D．was speaking 12．（2019·上海·中考真题）Look!They about the solution to the network problems again. A．argue B．are arguing C．argued D．were arguing 13．（2015·上海·中考真题）Now Jerry ______ the exchange programme with his classmates in the meeting room. A．discussed B．is discussing C．was discussing D．has discussed 14．（2013·上海·中考真题）Look，so many passengers__________ with their smart phones on the underground． A．played B．will play C．are playing D．have played 15．（2014·上海·中考真题）Susan and Lily________tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday. A．pick B．are picking C．will pick D．were picking 16．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）Mike________the furniture into his new flat this time yesterday. A．would move B．was moving C．has moved D．had moved 17．（2017·上海·中考真题）（2017 • 上海中考）Some exchange students ____________ with their host families this time yesterday. A．are chatting B．will chat C．were chatting D．have chatted 18．（2012·上海·中考真题） The students       the Art Festival when I passed by their school. A．celebrate B．were celebrating C．will celebrate D．have celebrated ►考向三、现在完成时，过去完成时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 现在完成时 1. 已完成 1. She has left. 2. I have finished my work. 2. 未完成 1. I have lived here for 10 years. 2. I’ve known her for 5 years. 3. 信号词：since+时间点,for+时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, already , ever, never, just, yet, once, before I’m 15 now, I have lived here since I was 5.  = I have lived here since 2003.  = I have lived here for 10 years. 4. have been (to) ，have gone (to) 与have been in的区别 1. I’ve been to Beijing for many time. I know it well. 2. We can’t go shopping with Susan now, she has gone to Japan. 3. He has been abroad many times. 4. He has gone home. 5. I have been in Shanghai for more than 10 years. 5. 与一般过去时的区别: __________________________________. 1. I saw the film just now. 2. I have just seen the film. 过去完成时 1. 过去的过去 –Did you see Tom at the party? -- No, he _______ by the time I got there. A. left B. was leaving C. had left D. has left 2. 信号词： by the end of last year(term, month…),by yesterday, by the time, before, after, etc. By the end of last month we had reviewed four books. *By the end of next month we will have reviewed four books. 两点注意 1. 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换 =非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换: begin/ start – be on, borrow – keep, buy – have, close – be closed, come – be back/ here, catch a cold – have a cold, die – be dead, fall asleep – be asleep, finish – be over, leave – be away from, join – be in/ be a member of, open – be open, put on – wear, wake up – be awake He joined the League two years ago. = Two years has passed since he joined the League. = It is two years since he joined the League. =It has been two years since he joined the League. = He has been in the League for two years. 2. 不规则动词 1. A-A-A 2. A-B-A 3. A-B-B 1. burst, cost, cut, hit, hurt, let, put, read 2. become, come, overcome, run 3. bend, bring, build, burn, buy, catch, deal, dig 19．（2022·上海·统考中考真题）The new restaurant _______ two surveys on its food and service since June. A．is doing B．will do C．did D．has done 20．（2021·上海·统考中考真题）The amusement park has received many visitors, ________? A．has it B．hasn’t it C．does it D．doesn’t it 21．（2020·上海·统考中考真题）The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years． A．by B．for C．on D．though 22．（2018·上海·中考真题）The film Operation Red Sea_____a lot of praise since its first show months ago. A．wins B．win C．will win D．has won 23．（2012·上海·中考真题）The volunteers __ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years. A．offered B．will offer C．are offering D．have offered 24．（2019·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month，Jane enough money for the poor sick boy. A．raised B．would raise C．had raised D．has raised 25．（2011·上海·中考真题）By the end of last month, I _____ all the CDs of Justin Bieber. A．collect B．collected C．have collected D．had collected 26．（2014·上海·中考真题）By the end of last week, Maggie _____________ in the west of China for two months helping the homeless children. A．will stay B．has stayed C．would stay D．had stayed ►考向四、一般将来时, 过去将来时 高频易混易错梳理/归纳 一般将来时 1. 第一人称+shall, 所有人称+will表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 1. I shall/ will turn off the lights when I leave the room. 2. When shall we meet again? 2. be going to do表示(1)计划、打算做某事 (2) 根据目前情况很可能要发生的事 1. I’m going to visit my grandparents next Friday evening. 2. It’s windy. It’s going to rain. 3.信号词：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, the coming Sunday, in the future, etc. My father will be back home from Japan in a week. 4. 主将从现 1. Mary will go shopping when she has time. 2. You will stay alone after I leave. 5. 一些表示状态或位置转移的动词用现在进行时表示将来：come, go, arrive, leave, etc. Are you going to the wetlands phone show next week? 过去将来时 1. 从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句 1. He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 2. I asked who was going there. 2. 信号词：the next day(morning, year…),later, soon, the following month(week…),etc. Yesterday our class teacher said we would soon have an outing. 27．（2018·上海·中考真题）Michael_________in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A．teach B．taught C．will teach D．was teaching 28．（2011·上海·中考真题）We are glad to hear that the Greens _____ to a new flat next week. A．move B．moved C．will move D．have moved 29．（2013·上海·中考真题）The official said they ________ a new law to protect the tourists the next year. A．makes B．would make C．made D．have made 30．（2015·上海·中考真题） Tim told us that his company ______ robots to do some of the work. A．uses B．will use C．has used D．would use 31．（2012·上海·中考真题）Jenny told me that she __ an English Speech Contest the next month. A．takes part in B．is taking part in C．took part in D．would take part in ►考向五、被动语态 考点 考向 考法/命题角度 不同时态的被动语态 1.被动语态的基本形式 2.不同时态的被动语态 3. 含情态动词被动语态 4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 5.被动语态在句子改写中运用 1. 不同时态的被动语态基本构成形式，在不同的时态中,be动词有不同的形式。 2. 主动语态中有些使役动词（如：make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，变为被动语态时，同样要把不定式符号to还原，即：make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.。 含情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的被动语态 结构为“情态动词+be+done”。 Your homework must be finished today.你的作业今天必须完成。 ►01、 被动语态单选题 1．（2019·上海·中考真题）Worries in life if you speak out to your close friend. A．will reduce B．were reducing C．will be reduced D．were reduced 2．（2017·上海·中考真题）The museum ____________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A．is decorated B．will decorate C．is decorating D．will be decorated 3．（2015·上海·中考真题）Over $30,000 ______ for a children’s hospital by a British girl several months ago. A．is raised B．was raised C．will be raised D．has been raised 4．（2012·上海·中考真题）I'm sure that stricter roles to control cigarette smoking______ very soon. A．made B．will make C．were made D．will be made ►02、 句型转换中的被动语态 （2022·上海中考真题） 1. The research group discovered a new kind of insect last week. （改为被动语态） A new kind of insect _________ _________ by the research group last week. （2021·上海中考真题） 2．Doctor Wu Mengchao saved a lot of patients’ lives. （改为被动语态） A lot of patients’ lives ________ ___________ by Doctor Wu Mengchao. （2020·上海中考真题） 3．The 13-year-old one-armed basketball player attracted a lot of fans. （改为被动语态） A lot of fans_____ _____by the 13-year-old one- armed basketball player. （2019·上海中考真题） 4. The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April10.（改为被动语态） The picture of a black hole______ ______to the world by the scientists on April 10. （2018·上海中考真题） 5. We will hold a class meeting to talk about team work next Friday(改为被动语态) A class meeting will _____ ______ to talk about team work next Friday. （2017·上海中考真题） 6．The local government organizes the film festival every autumn．（改为被动语态） The film festival　 　 ___________by the local government every autumn． （2016·上海中考真题） 7．A middle school student invented a new robot last term. （改为被动语态） A new robot ________ ________ by a middle school student last term. 好题新题特训 一、单选 1．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The restaurant ______ two surveys on its service since last month to improve itself. A．was doing B．will do C．did D．has done 2．（2025·上海金山·三模）I borrowed the English storybook last week. I ________ it for a week. A．have bought B．have kept C．have borrowed D．had 3．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Could you tell me ________? A．when will the show start B．when the show will start C．when would the show start D．when the show would start 4．（2025·上海闵行·三模）It will be a great honor if I ________ to the opening ceremony next week. A．invite B．will invite C．am invited D．will be invited 5．（2025·上海崇明·三模）Tina and Peter ________ next-door neighbours since they came to Beijing. A．were B．are C．have been D．had been 6．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）Henry was trying to escape through the window when he ________ to the ground. A．falls B．fell C．was falling D．has fallen 7．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）“Hurry, the show ________ in five minutes’ time”, Esther shouted excitedly. A．started B．has started C．was starting D．will start 8．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Kitty ________ snow before her family moved to Canada. A．has never seen B．had never seen C．would never see D．did never see 9．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）By noon, that young delivery man ________ delivering over 20 orders and felt tired. A．had completed B．completed C．would complete D．completes 10．（2025·上海静安·二模）When I ________ a charity show at Shanghai Exhibition Centre, I met an old friend. A．was attending B．attend C．have attended D．had attended 11．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）So far, the decision to change the location ________ more problems than it solved. A．causes B．had caused C．has caused D．will cause 12．（2025·上海松江·二模）I have lived in Shanghai ________my father came here for work in 2000. A．since B．when C．while D．until 13．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Stan went to the police station this morning because someone ________ his motorcycle. A．has stolen B．was stealing C．would steal D．had stolen 14．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）When Alice looked for the copy of Harry Potter, she found that it ________ by someone else. A．is borrowed B．was borrowed C．has been borrowed D．had been borrowed 15．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）At 8 P.M. last night, I ________ for my English test. A．studied B．would study C．was studying D．had studied 16．（2025·上海静安·二模）Mike ________ watering the flowers before his father told him to do so. A．will finish B．would finish C．has finished D．had finished 17．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The boy seems very confident, because he ________ many speeches in public before. A．give B．will give C．gives D．has given 18．（2025·上海青浦·二模）My wife and I ________ a couple of times before we got to know each other. A．met B．meet C．had met D．are meeting 19．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）If you practise more in reading and writing, you ________ greater progress in English learning. A．were making B．will make C．made D．have made 20．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）Winnie isn’t free now. She ________ ideas for the school project with her groupmates. A．is discussing B．discusses C．discussed D．was discussing 21．（2025·上海长宁·二模）Jenny ________ some photography skills for several months before she joined the club. A．was learning B．has learned C．had learned D．will learn 22．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Ladies and gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? The plane ________ off in 15 minutes. A．took B．will take C．has taken D．was taking 23．（2025·上海闵行·二模）Terry met his favourite singer while he ________ the radio station. A．visits B．would visit C．had visited D．was visiting 24．（2025·上海宝山·二模）What ________ you ________ at eight o’clock yesterday morning, Judy? A．are...doing B．were...doing C．did...do D．have...done 25．（2025·上海松江·二模）By the time the ambulance came, his heart ________beating. A．stopped B．has stopped C．had stopped D．would stop 26．（2025·上海金山·二模）By the time I called my friend to cancel our visit, she ________ the tickets to the museum. A．had booked B．has booked C．booked D．books 27．（2025·上海金山·二模）While Jack and I ________ a movie at home, the lights went out all of a sudden. A．was watching B．were watching C．are watching D．had watched 28．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）Mr. Smith ________ to England next week after spending 10 years teaching in Singapore. A．returns B．returned C．has returned D．will return 29．（2025·上海虹口·二模）Britain’s landmark London Eye ________ in gold and red on the eve of Spring Festival in 2025. A．shines B．shone C．will shine D．has shone 30．（2025·上海松江·二模）Look! Mary ________a lot of books. Let’s help her. A．is carrying B．has carried C．carried D．was carrying 31．（2025·上海普陀·二模）When I ______ an online class, my cat suddenly jumped onto my keyboard. A．attend B．would attend C．was attending D．had attended 32．（2025·上海普陀·二模）—Any plans for the coming weekend? It’ll be warm and sunny. —Nice weather can’t be wasted. I ______ for a hike with my parents. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 33．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Lily and Alice have been friends ________ they met in college. A．because B．when C．since D．after 34．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Emma ________ French for years before visiting France last summer. A．studies B．has studied C．had studied D．is studying 35．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）By the time the firefighters arrived, the fire ______ most of the building. A．destroy B．destroyed C．has destroyed D．had destroyed 36．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）I ______ a photo of the sunset when my camera battery died. A．took B．was taking C．have taken D．will take 37．（2025·上海闵行·三模）Since the English corner ______ up last month, we have organized six activities. A．has been set B．is set C．was set D．will be set 38．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）The businessman bought all the pictures that ______ by the famous artist. A．draw B．drew C．were drawn D．were drawing 39．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 40．（2025·上海松江·二模）How beautiful these photos are! I wonder where they ________. A．are taken B．were taken C．will be taken D．had been taken 41．（2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）People ________ of the coming typhoon in advance, so they took measures to prepare for its arrival. A．warned B．were warned C．have warned D．have been warned 42．（2025·上海长宁·一模）I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 43．（2025·上海静安·一模）A speech on AI technology ________ in the coming Tech Festival. A．is given B．was given C．has been given D．will be given 44．（2025·上海嘉定·一模）Shakespeare’s plays on stage more than a million times. A．will be performed B．were performed C．are being performed D．have been performed 45．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）We all know that the 1st China International Import Expo (进博会) ________ in November 2018. A．was held B．has been held C．will be held D．is held 46．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 47．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Alice, you ________ on the phone now, please come to my office as quickly as possible. A．want B．are wanting C．are wanted D．have wanted 48．（24-25九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years. A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made 49．（24-25九年级上·上海杨浦·期中）Since she won the match, she ________ as one of the best tennis players in the world. A．is recognized B．was recognized C．has been recognized D．will be recognized 50．（24-25九年级上·上海奉贤·期中）After Fengxian Museum ________, it became a new tourist attraction. A．completed B．completes C．is completed D．was completed 二、完成句子 51．（2025·上海虹口·三模）The volunteers will organize a charity run for homeless children. (改为被动语态) A charity run for homeless children will by the volunteers. （2025·上海闵行·三模）The government will organize an activity to encourage green energy use. (改为被动语态) An activity will 52 53 by the government to encourage green energy use. 54．（2025·上海金山·三模）We should keep the hand-made chocolate in a low temperature. （改为被动语态） The hand-made chocolate should in a low temperature. 55．（2025·上海杨浦·三模）They sent the letter of invitation to the wrong address. (改为被动语态) The letter of invitation to the wrong address. 56．（2025·上海奉贤·二模）Shakespeare wrote Hamlet over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today.  (改为被动语态) Hamlet by Shakespeare over 400 years ago, yet it remains famous today. 57．（2025·上海嘉定·二模）The workers had to stop the machine to check for any problem. (改为被动语态) The machine had to by workers to check for any problem. 58．（2025·上海青浦·二模）Alice got excited when Mrs Wang read her writing as a model in class. (改为被动语态) Alice got excited when her writing as a model in class. 59．（2025·上海崇明·二模）The local TV station reported the news about the fire last night. (改为被动语态) The news about the fire by the local TV station last night. 60．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The boss will choose the right person to take charge of the sales. (改为被动语态) The right person will by the boss to take charge of the sales. 61．（2025·上海长宁·二模）The government has made laws to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. (改为被动语态) Laws made by the government to stop children under 12 from riding shared bicycles. 62．（2025·上海宝山·二模）The delivery man left the package at the door yesterday. (改为被动语态) The package at the door by the delivery man yesterday. 63．（2025·上海静安·二模）Chinese engineers have tested a new-energy-powered ship in Shanghai recently.（改为被动语态） A new-energy-powered ship tested in Shanghai recently. 64．（2025·上海金山·二模）People use different apps to help in work and study. (改为被动语态) Different apps to help in work and study by people. 65．（2025·上海徐汇·二模）How AI will affect the job market has been discussed by the researchers. (改为主动语态) The researchers how AI will affect the job market. 66．（2025·上海虹口·二模）The rule allows electric bicycles to travel through the tunnel during night hours. (改为被动语态) Electric bicycles to travel through the tunnel during night hours. 67．（2025·上海松江·二模）People often mistake Jack for his twin brother. (改为被动语态) Jack often for his twin brother. 68．（2025·上海普陀·二模）Jim found a time box in the backyard of his grandma’s old house. (改为被动语态) A time box by Jim in the backyard of his grandma’s old house. 69．（2025·上海黄浦·二模）Researchers developed a new kind of dancing robot last year.（改为被动语态） A new kind of dancing robot by researchers last year. 70．（2025·上海杨浦·二模）They took all the luggage in the rooms to the hall an hour ago.（改为被动语态） All the luggage in the rooms to the hall an hour ago. 71．（2025·上海浦东新·二模）The scientist invented a new product to reduce energy waste last month. （改为被动语态） A new product by the scientist to reduce energy waste last month. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $