Unit 4 知识点梳理讲义（下）-2025-2026学年译林版（2024）八年级英语上册各单元知识点精讲精练

英语学科教师辅导讲义 学生姓名： 年 级：八年级 课时数：3 辅导科目：英语 辅导教师： 辅导内容：8AU4知识点梳理（下） 辅导日期：2025.7.17 教学目标：重点单词：active;mix; products; 重点短语：not only…but also; why not… 【同步知识梳理】 知识点1：形容词的否定前缀in,un和im。(p56)  用法解析： 1. 初中阶段形容词否定前缀常见un,in和im，常见单词如下： in:inactive, inexpensive, indirect, incorrect, incomplete. im: impossible,impolite, improper, impatient un:unhappy, untidy, unsuccessful,unusual等 知识点2：Look for the chalk mark on the top of each piece.(p54)  用法解析： 1. chalk n.粉笔 不可数 2. on the top of 在……顶端 ------on the bottom of 在……的底部 3. 知识点3：Don’t mix them up.（P54）  用法解析： 1. mix sth up 混合，弄乱 mix A with B 把A和B 混起来 mixed adj,混合的，常见搭配：a mixed school. 知识点4：Cut cards out of pieces of paper with a pair of scissors.(p54) 用法解析： 1. cut out 剪出； cut up切碎； cut down减少，砍伐，cut in插嘴 cut off 切掉 知识点5：People still use traditional methods of tie-dyeing to make different products like scarves and bags.(p57)  用法解析： 1. product n.产品，可数 production n.产量（不可数）； produce v.生产 知识点6:Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art, but also a lifestyle.(p57）  用法解析： 1. not only…but also…不但……而且…=both…and…… 拓展：either……or……要么……要么……； neither…nor…既不…也不 注意：除了both…and谓语动词用复数外，其他三个短语谓语动词都是就近原则 2. A form of…一种……的形式 知识点7：Why not try tie-dyeing?.（P58） 用法解析： 1. Why not do sth =Why don’t sb do sth 为什么不做某事（委婉建议） 知识点8：I like making new things out of old ones.（P59） 用法解析： 1. make sth out of sth 由……制造；用……做的原料；理解 知识点9：I love DIY because I find I am good at it.(p59) 用法解析： 1. because加句子，译为因为 because of后面加短语；因为还可以用for和since表示，近期since在首字母中考察比较多。 知识点10：Doing DIY brings me great joy.（P59） 用法解析： 1. doing DIY可以理解为动名词短语做主语，谓语动词必须用单数。 知识点11：We felt very proud and happy.（P51） 用法解析： 1. proud adj.骄傲的，自豪的 prouder---proudest pride n.骄傲，自豪 be proud of=take pride in为……而骄傲/自豪 【精题精练精讲】 单选 1.Which of the following is wrong ? A. impatient B. impossible C. impopular D.impolite 2. I caught _______ bad cold because of _______ heavy shower last night. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; the D. the; a 3. —What do you think of the film Give Me Five? —It couldn’t be worse. ____ I ___ my daughter likes to see it. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also 4. — you Daniel has to finish the report tonight. —Why not ask both? It will take much time. A. Either; or; B. Neither; nor C. Not only; but also D. Both; and 5.We can make a kite _______paper and wood ______ a knife. A. from, in B. to, in C. out of, with D. out of, use 6．—__________ try some Shandong food for dinner today? —Good idea. A．Why not B．Why don’t C．Why not to D．Why not we 7. We can’t put the prefix “un-” to_____ to give it the opposite meaning. A. correct B. comfortable C. certain D. interesting 8. It was my twelfth birthday yesterday. I ______ the cake ______ twelve pieces. A. cut, out B. cut, out of C. cut, into D. cut, down 9. Come with us to the museum together, ___________ ? A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. don’t you 10. Not only Mr. Turner but also his little son ____________in this film. A. is interesting B. are interesting C. are interested D. is interested Keys: CACAC AACAD 词汇 1. Jerry was so careless that he gave an ________ answer at last (correct) 2. If you need more colours, you can get them by ____________ (混合) these colours together. 3.Kate is shy and (active). She seldom takes part in our activities. 4. I am feeling even _________(自豪) of my motherland after overcoming the difficulty of virus. 5．________ (row) a boat is fun. We can take him to the lake. 6．Mr Black has a daughter. Today is her ________ (twelve) birthday. 7. Even though it is challenging, my sister take_________(proud) in learning piano. 8. After Mrs. Green __________ up all the things, she left for Nanjing. (收拾) 9.He broke his leg yesterday. He is_______（不能）to take part in the sports meeting. 10. The traffic is ____________(terrible) busy in the morning, so you need walk to school . Keys:incorrect; mixing; inactive; prouder; Rowing; twelfth; pride; tidied; unable; terribly. 翻译句子 1. 做早操为我们一天做好准备。 _________________________________________________. 2. 这个公司的产品质量很高。 _________________________________________________. 3. 在别人谈话时打断他们是不礼貌的。 _________________________________________________. 4. 你最好多读书而不是痴迷于打篮球。 ________________________________________________ Keys: 1. Doing morning exercises helps us get ready for a day. 2. The products in this company are of high quality. 3. It’s impolite to cut in on others when they are talking. 4. You’d better read more books instead of being crazy about playing basketball. 【同步语法梳理】 祈使句 祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don't。祈使句一般有四种类型： (1)行为动词类型：Open the door，please!请把门打开！ Don't open the door，please!请不要开门！ (2)以let开头的祈使句：Let me go there.让我去那儿吧。 (3)“Be+形容词”类型：Be careful! 小心！ (4)“No+名词／动名词”类型：No smoking! 禁止吸烟! (5)祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用will you? 但是Let’s….句型后加shall we? 用should和had better提建议 should和had better都是情态动词，都可以用于给他人提建议，表示“应该”或“最好”做某事。 1．should表“建议” (1)should意为“应该”，后跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化 如： You should do your homework more carefully． 你应该更认真地做作业。 He should be back in three days．他应该3天后回来。 (2) should的否定形式是should not或shouldn’t；疑问式是将should提到句子开头；反意疑问部分应为“should／shouldn’t+主语”。 如： ---You shouldn’t come here alone again．你不应该再次一个人来这儿。 --- Should we discuss it at once?我们应该马上讨论它吗? ---Yes，you should．是的，你们应该。 You shouldn’t make noise in class，should you?你们不应该在课堂上大声喧哗，是吗? 2．had better表“建议” (1)had better可缩写为’d better，后跟动词原形，表示现在或将来，没有人称和数的变化。 如： You’d better clean your room every day．你最好每天都打扫房间。 (2)had better的否定形式是had better not；疑问式是将had放在主语之前；在反意疑问句中，反意疑问部分用“had／hadn’t+主语”。如： We’d better not stay at home．我们最好不要待在家里。 You’d better come to see me，hadn’t you? 你最好来看我，好吗? 拓展：表示提建议的句型有： (1) Would you like／love (to do) sth.? 这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味， 意为“你想要（做）……吗？”。 (2) Shall I／we do sth．？ 此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的，意为“我（们）做……好吗？”，语气委婉，商量的语气较浓。 (3) Let's do sth. 当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做……吧。”该句型后常加附加问句“shall we?”，使语气更加委婉。 (4) 主语+had better (not) do sth.． 该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，意为“某人最好（不要）做某事”。 (5) Why don't you/we do sth.？表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原因，意为“为什么不……？”。 (6) What/How about (doing) sth.?如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话题。 (7) You should (not) do...,此句型意为“你（不）应该做……”。should的语气比had better要委婉。 祈使句和情态动词 选择题 1、 down the radio. The baby’s sleeping in the next room. A．Turning B．To turn C．Turn D．Turned 2、Let’s football in the street. A．not to play B．not play C．don’t play D．not playing 3、 careful when you cross the street. A．Don’t be B．Do be C．Being D．Do 4、 the child all day long! A．Let, not to cry B．Not let, cry C．Don’t let, to cry D．Don’t let, cry 5、 afraid of make mistakes! A．Don’t be B．Not to be C．Not being D．Be not 6、 me again before coming. A．Calling B．To call C．Do calling D．Call 7、. --- In all the competitions, as in life, you _______ not always win. ---You are right. A. may B. shall C. must D. need 8、---Scissors can be dangerous, so you ____________ play with them. --- OK, I won’t. A. should B. had better C. shouldn’t D. had not better CBBDA DAC 【能力拓展训练】 完型填空 You can never do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late. —Ralph Waldo Emerson How many times have we said, “Oh I’ll do that 1 .” Sometimes tomorrow never 2 and we find ourselves saying, “Boy, I wish I hadn’t put that off.” Our family has been friends with Betty for many years. Over the years we shared phone calls and birthday cards. Betty sent our youngest son Brandon a birthday card with $50.00 in it 3 he graduated. We 4 each other quite often when we lived not far away. Then we moved to New York. However, the distance did not cut off the 5 we kept in with each other. This past November, I called Betty to see 6 she was. I was quite 7 when Betty didn’t answer the phone; instead her daughter Carol did. Carol told me that her mom had gone downhill fast and she was now in hospice (临终养老院) care. Carol 8 the phone to Betty. I talked briefly to her and let her 9 we loved her. As soon as I got off the phone, I sent a text to Brandon to let him know Betty wasn’t doing 10 . Little did I know that Brandon stopped what he was doing and immediately 11 flowers to Betty. You can imagine how 12 I was of Brandon when Carol called the next day letting me know how much Betty loved the 13 Brandon had sent. A few days later, Betty 14 . So, my friends, 15 what Emerson once said: “You can never do a kindness too soon, for you never know how soon it will be too late.” 1．A．tomorrow B．yesterday C．today D．now 2．A．ends B．comes C．fixes D．changes 3．A．and B．if C．until D．while 4．A．taught B．visited C．left D．missed 5．A．touch B．work C．friendship D．help 6．A．where B．when C．whether D．how 7．A．heartbroken B．amazing C．surprised D．sad 8．A．threw B．cut C．kicked D．handed 9．A．see B．know C．forget D．care 10．A．good B．nice C．well D．badly 11．A．bought B．grew C．chose D．sent 12．A．afraid B．energetic C．angry D．proud 13．A．cards B．calls C．flowers D．dollars 14．A．passed away B．took down C．took away D．passed down 15．A．touch B．remember C．agree D．feel Keys:ABDBC DCDBC DDCAB 阅读理解 “Turn left! Turn right!” In the information technology (IT) class, Zhang Ruixuan was controlling a robot to move around. “This is part of our artificial intelligence (AI) courses, ”said the 10th grader from Beijing 101 Middle School. The school provides AI (人工智能) classics to both junior and senior high school students. Apart from compulsory (必修的) courses that teach basic knowledge, there are also optional (选修的) courses if students want to learn more. “This year in our compulsory class, we have learned coding (编程) through a programming language called Python,” said Zhang. Using Python to code is a basic skill for training AI models. In recent years, Python has been tested in high school graduation exams (高中会考) in places like Beijing, Jiangsu and Anhui. In fact, having AI education in schools has become a growing trend (趋势) in many places, ▲ . In 2020 Zhejiang added AI education into textbooks from Grade 5 in primary school all the way to senior high. In the city of Wenzhou, the government is planning to build 1,000 AI experimental schools by 2025. “With the development of technology, our textbooks have been changing all the time,” said Shang Yin, an IT teacher from Beijing 101 Middle School. “From typing to using Word and Excel, and then today’s coding and AI, the courses are keeping up with the times and teaching students necessary skills.” In the future, there will be more jobs where AI knowledge is needed. Even in daily life, people may need to understand things like ChatGPT and the internet of things (物联网). AI education will become increasingly important, Shang added. 1．How did the writer start the passage? A．By drawing a conclusion (结论). B．By telling a story. C．By explaining the truth. D．By describing a scene. 2．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．robots is coming to class B．with Zhejiang province being a typical example C．the courses starts to appear in high school D．many students are learning about AI now 3．What do we know about the AI class at Beijing 101 Middle School? A．It is an optional course. B．It only teaches basic knowledge. C．It often makes students feel stressed. D．It teaches students to code with Python. 4．Why is AI education becoming increasingly important according to the passage? A．Because understanding AI is becoming an necessary skill B．Because AI is included in all high school graduation exams. C．Because AI is going to take over school education. D．Because AI is students’ powerful competitor. Keys:DBDA 阅读表达 How much do you know about Chinese oil-paper umbrellas? They are not just tools (工具) to keep people away from rain or sunlight, but also works of art (艺术品) with rich cultural meaning in China. Chinese oil-paper umbrellas are one of the world’s oldest umbrellas. According to historical records, the first oil-paper umbrella came out during the Eastern Han Dynasty. They soon became very popular, especially among the literati (文人). They loved to write and draw on the umbrella to show their literacy tastes and painting skills. Oil-paper umbrellas are a necessary part of traditional Chinese weddings (婚礼). A red oil-paper umbrella is needed when the bride (新娘) goes into the groom’s home. That’s because people believe the umbrella can help stop bad luck. Also, the sound of oil-paper in Chinese sounds like “youzi”, which means having more children. It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a Chinese oil-paper umbrella by hand. Luzhou in southwest China’s Sichuan Province is now the only main production place for handmade oil-paper umbrellas in China. There, craftsmen (手艺人) must complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools to make a single umbrella. With all their efforts, a traditional oil-paper umbrella made in Luzhou can stand strong winds and 3,000 openings and closings. 1．Do people use oil-paper umbrellas on sunny days? ________________________________________________________. 2．When did the first oil-paper umbrella appear? ________________________________________________________. 3．Why did the literati (文人) love to write and draw on the umbrella? ________________________________________________________. 4．How many times can an oil-paper umbrella made by hand in Luzhou open and close? ________________________________________________________. 5．What do you think of the oil-paper umbrella? ________________________________________________________. Keys: 1. Yes, they do. 2.During the Eastern Han Dynasty. 3. To show their literacy tastes and painting skills. 4. 3000 5. It’s beautiful and meaningful. 首字母填空 The Marches' house was between two large houses. On one side there was an old brown house. On the o 1 side there was a large stone mansion. This was the h 2 of old Mr. Laurence and his grandson, Laurie. It was a very nice house and the rooms looked very c 3 behind the heavy silk curtains at the windows. But it was a house without life. The marches' house was d 4 　as it is always busy and full of noise and people. A few days after the party, Jo saw Laurie again. He was standing at an upstairs window in the mansion and l 5 down at their garden. Beth and Amy were playing in the snow. They were playing and having a lot of f　6 . Laurie's face was very sad. "Poor boy!" she thought. "He's all a 7 . It's a shame! He needs some friends. "She couldn't stop t 8 about him. she wanted to go and see him but how could she go to his house w 　9 an invitation? Then one snowy afternoon, while looking out of the w 10 , she saw Mr Laurence. He was getting into his carriage. He was going out. This gave her an idea. "Laurie is alone in the house," she thought. "Perhaps he's looking out of his window." She put on her hat and an old coat and took a broom and a shovel from the kitchen. — Taken from Little Women Keys:other; house; comfortable;different; looked; fun; alone; thinking; without; window; 【课后作业】 完形填空 During the Jin dynasty, there were two men who were crazy about knowledge but too poor. They both tried their best to find the way to study and finally became successful. One man was Che Yin. His parents were too 1 to buy lamp oil (油) for him to read at night. So he could only read books during the day. One summer night, he 2 noticed many fireflies (萤火虫) flying low around. The light shone here and there 3 little stars. “If many fireflies could be gathered, they might be like a lamp!” the smart boy 4 to himself. He found a white silk bag, caught as many fireflies as he could, and put it up. He was 5 to find he could read in the light. After that, as long as there were fireflies at night, he would 6 some in a bag to make a light. The other man was Sun Kang. Born in a poor family too, he couldn’t 7 to buy oil for the lamp. So when 8 was gone, he was not able to continue reading. That troubled him a lot. He was always thinking about 9 to read at night, even in his dreams. On a 10 night, he woke up from his sleep and saw that there was light coming from the crack (缝隙) in the window. As he 11 the window, he found that it was moonlight reflected (反射) from the snow. He was also surprised when he realized that the light was bright enough for 12 to read by. He got dressed at once and took a book outside. It was very cold in the open air, 13 he was still reading carefully. Sometimes when he was too 14 in the snow, he would jog around a little. From then on, he didn’t miss any night when there was a bright reflected light from 15 . Now, the idiom is often used to praise those who keep studying and learning in difficult conditions. 1．A．rich B．poor C．busy D．kind 2．A．finally B．exactly C．suddenly D．nearly 3．A．as B．with C．from D．like 4．A．thought B．bought C．taught D．caught 5．A．nervous B．happy C．angry D．serious 6．A．raise B．design C．borrow D．collect 7．A．afford B．provide C．agree D．protect 8．A．money B．time C．daylight D．wind 9．A．when B．how C．who D．which 10．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 11．A．opened B．cleaned C．closed D．broke 12．A．her B．them C．it D．him 13．A．but B．so C．and D．because 14．A．tired B．cold C．hungry D．thirsty 15．A．sun B．glass C．snow D．water Keys:BCDAB DACBD ADABC 阅读理解 When she was alone, Mary felt lonelier than ever. She went out of the house and ran around the garden ten times. Ben Weatherstaff was working in it. “Spring is coming,” he said to Mary. “I can smell it in the air. Soon there will be spring flowers. At this moment, the robin flew toward them and landed at Mary’s feet. “He remembers me,” she said. “He knows everything that happens here,” Ben said. “Only he knows what’s happening in the garden that has no door into it. No one else has been inside it for ten years.” Ben walked away to continue his work. Mary bent down and began talking to the robin. She felt happier than she had ever felt. The robin trusted her and did not fly away. It began pecking at the ground, looking for a worm to eat. Mary looked closely at the ground. She saw something that looked like metal. She picked it up. It was dirty and rusty. She cleaned it and saw that it was a key. “It’s been in the ground for many years,” she thought. “I wonder if it is the key to the garden. If it is, then I must find the door.” Mary skipped around the garden. The robin followed her. Mary stopped skipping and spoke to the robin. “He showed me where to find the key,” she thought. “Can you show me where the door is?” The robin sat on the top of the garden wall. It began to sing. The wall was covered with ivy. Mary pulled at a piece of the ivy. It came away from the wall. Behind the wall was a door. Mary put the key in the lock of the door and turned it. The door opened. Only seconds later, Mary was inside the secret garden. Mary thought it was the most beautiful garden she had ever seen. 1．Which is the right order for the robin? a. It followed Mary around the garden. b. It sat and sang on the top of the garden wall. c. It pecked at the ground and looked for a worm. d. It flew toward Ben and Mary and landed at Mary’s feet. A．b-c-d-a B．b-a-d-c C．d-c-a-b D．d-a-b-c 2．What does the underlined word “it “ in paragraph 6 refer to? A．The key. B．The robin. C．The flower. D．The lock. 3．Which word best describes Mary’s feeling in the end? A．sad B．worried C．lonely D．excited 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Mary Discovers the Door B．Mary Finds a Secret Garden C．Mary Remembers the Robin D．Mary Helps Her Best Friend Keys:CADA 缺词填空 Stove-boiled tea, a new way of drinking tea, has become popular in China. The process of drinking tea has a sense of ceremony (仪式), and the ceremony has become a new favourite of young people. Usually, the process (过程) of boiling tea on a stove is m 1 of lightly roasting (烤) tea leaves and brewing (泡) them, sometimes, adding something e 2 , such as rosebuds or sweet osmanthus(桂花), in a pot over a charcoal-filled stove (碳). People sit around the stove and have snacks like fruits, nuts, and desserts with their hot tea. It’s a pleasure to chat with friends while having this new style of tea. Just like o 3 popular lifestyles such as cycling and camping, “stove-boiled tea” shows that many young people hope to get away from cities in order to enjoy n 4 . In this way, they can also r 5 themselves well. It’s really comfortable to drink hot tea, f 6 the natural beauty, and chat with a couple of friends. Sui, who works in an office of an Internet company in Beijing, says enjoying freshly brewed tea with flipping food is a more relaxing way for friends to get t 7 than a Western-style afternoon tea. The process of tea brewing over a charcoal fire has really given her a wonderful e 8 ,especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. She says she can be calm after it every time. Many places have been decorated to meet the needs of young people and have made new social occasions (场合). They are working on promoting (推广) tea culture a 9 young people, which has been quite successful in the p 10 few years. More exploration of new combinations between traditional tea culture, pop culture and modern life can be done. Keys:made; else; other; nature; relax; find; together; experience; among; past 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $