UNIT 5 Section Ⅳ Reading for Writing-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 主题语境：人与社会——世界上的语言 Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing and the other parts 内容索引 语基自查 固根基 1 语基讲练 提能力 2 写作研读 学技法 3 课时测评 4 语基自查 固根基 返回 1.an increase in ________ prices 汽油价格的上涨 2.the ___________ building 公寓大楼 3._____ their forgiveness 恳求他们的宽恕 4.English ____________ 英语词汇 核心单词——练通 petrol apartment beg vocabulary 1._______ n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的 →equally adv.平等地 →equality n.平等 2.________ n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问 →demanding adj.要求高的 3.____________ n.描写(文字)；形容 →describe vt.描述 4.________ vt.联系；讲述 →related adj.相关的 →relation n.关系 →relationship n.关系 拓展单词——用活 equal demand description relate 规律方法 1.规律：形容词＋后缀-ly构成副词 示例：equal adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地　actual adj.实际的，现实的→actually adv.事实上；实际上 2.规律：动词＋后缀-ed构成形容词 示例：relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的 frighten vt.&vi.使惊吓→frightened adj.害怕的 阅读单词——识记 1.the spring semester 春季______ 2.take the subway 乘______ 3.black pants 黑色的______ 4.the gap between rich and poor 贫富之间的______ 学期 地铁 短裤 差距 重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1.观点；看法 _____________ 2.与……相关；涉及；谈到 __________ 3.在……方面费力 _________________ 4.顺便说一下 ____________ 第二组　英译汉 5.get/be used to ________ 6.compare...with... ____________ 7.depend on ____________ 8.can’t help but do... ______________ point of view relate to have trouble with by the way 习惯于 与……比较 依靠；依赖 忍不住做…… 典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1.句型公式　have sb do sth使/让某人做某事 教材原句　_____________________________________ (难道你不喜欢让别人告诉你)if the pants look good or not？ 2.句型公式　“疑问词＋to do”结构 教材原句　I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head，and I certainly can’t remember ____________________________(如何恰当地运用它们). 返回 Don’t you like to have somebody tell you how to use them all properly 语基讲练 提能力 返回 Ⅰ. 核心词汇练全 equal n.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的(equally adv.同样地；平等地) (教材原句)If I’m talking to a close friend，I can use short requests，like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. 如果我是跟一位亲密的朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，如“打开窗户”，这是因为我们关系亲密，彼此平等，所以我只需要说几句话就能弥合我们之间的差距。 【佳句】 For another，be positive and cheerful，for your mental health is equal to your physical health.(应用文写作之建议信) 另一方面，要积极开朗，因为你的心理健康和身体健康一样重要。 1 归 纳 be equal to 等于 be equal to (doing)sth 胜任(做)某事 A equals B in sth A在某方面比得上B without equal 无人可比，无敌 【练透】——语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之申请信 ①The beauty of this ancient city is _______________ (无人可比)，attracting tourists from all over the world. ②I don’t think he is equal to _______(do) this kind of work. ③As far as I’m concerned，men and women must be treated _________(equal) in education. ④有十年的工作经验，我相信我能胜任这份工作。 With 10 years of working experience，I am sure that ___________________. without equal doing equally I am equal to the job demand n.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问(demanding adj.要求高的) (教材原句)But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question，not a demand...但是，如果我是跟不太亲近的人说话，那么我就得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求…… 【佳句】 I demand that you should apologize to me for your mistake.(应用文写作之投诉信) 我要求你为你的错误向我道歉。 2 归 纳 be in (great)demand (迫切)需求 demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 demand that...(should)do 要求……(应该)做…… 【练透】——语段填空/单句语法填空/一句多译 ①First，science graduates are __________________ (迫切需求) than art ones in China. ②The workers demanded _________ (have) a pay raise and better working conditions. ③这位老师要求学生们准时到校。 →_______________________________________________________(demand that ...) →___________________________________________________ (demand of sb to do sth) in greater demand to have The teacher demands that the students (should)go to school on time. The teacher demands of the students to go to school on time. relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到(related adj.有关的relation n.关系；联系) (教材原句)Does each sentence relate to the main idea？每个句子都与主旨有关吗？ 【佳句】 It is required that the composition should be related to the students’ life.(应用文写作之活动介绍) 要求作文与学生的生活息息相关。 3 归 纳 be related to 与……有关 【练透】——语段填空/单句语法填空/应用文写作之事物介绍 ①The second paragraph __________ (谈到) the situation in Scotland. ②He has _________(relate) experience in the field. ③这部英文短片与我们学校的发展有关。 The short English film _____________________________________. relates to related is related to the development of our school Ⅱ. 典型句式讲透 句型公式：have sb do sth使/让某人做某事 (教材原句)Don’t you like to have somebody tell you if the pants look good or not？ 难道你不喜欢让别人告诉你这些短裤是否好看吗？ 【佳句】 We will have the gardener plant more flowers and trees.(读后续写之动作描写) 我们要让园丁种更多的花和树。 归 纳 have的结构还可以用于下面句型中： have sb/sth doing sth 使某人/某物一直做某事 won’t/can’t have sb doing sth 不能容忍某人做某事；不允许某人做某事 have sth done 请别人做某事；(主语)遭受了不好的事情； 使某事被做 have sth to do 有事情要做 【练透】——单句语法填空/应用文写作之道歉信 ①He had me _________(wait)for him for two hours，which made me annoyed. ②I won’t have you __________(speak)to your father like that in future. ③Jack needs to have his apartment __________(repair). ④我今晚不能和你一起去，因为我有一些家务活要做。 I can’t go with you tonight，for ___________________________. 返回 waiting speaking repaired I have some housework to do 写作研读 学技法 返回 Learning English Wang Le Hey，everybody，what are your biggest problems with learning English？ Liu Wen Hi！ I’ve been studying English since primary school.I used to get high marks in English，but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video，I can catch only a few words.I can never quite get the main idea.Any advice？ NO.1　单元写作——写一篇关于英语学习的博客 原文呈现 Jia Xin Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk.I also repeat what I hear to help myself to experience the feeling of the language.Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host’s！My biggest headache is how to be polite in English.It’s so much easier to just say “Open the window！”，but in English that can sound really terrible.I have to think about who I’m talking to and then decide whether to say，“Open the window，please！” or “Could you open the window，please？” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window，please？” Li Rui Yeah，that’s really hard！ I think it all depends on who you’re talking to. If I’m talking to a close friend，I can use short requests，like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals，so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question，not a demand，e.g.，“Could you open the window，please？” If I’m talking to someone senior to me，then I should say，“Would you mind opening the window，please？” For me，vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words！ I can’t keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head，and I certainly can’t remember how to use them all properly.HELP！ 学语言 1.文章第二段倒数第三句中使用catch一词要比使用understand更地道，形象地表达出了Liu Wen的英语听力水平。使用了when引导的时间状语从句(When I listen to ...)来举例说明作者在英语学习中存在的问题。 2.文章第三段使用了动词-ing形式短语作主语(Listening to English radio programmes ...)和宾语从句(what I hear ...)来表达作者的建议。同时，在呈现作者英语学习存在的问题时也使用了宾语从句(who I’m talking to ...)。 3.文章第四段第三句中bridge一词是名词用作动词，表示“减小、消除两者间的隔阂、鸿沟或分歧”。 名师圈点 知结构 1.三篇博客形式上散乱，其实互相联系，紧密衔接。每篇博客都围绕“problems with learning English”这一主题进行了解答，并提出自己的问题和要求。 2.第二段的作者Liu Wen运用并列连词but自然过渡到自己在英语学习中存在的问题。 3.第三段的作者Jia Xin先分享了自己听力学习的经验，然后提出了自己在英语学习中存在的问题，逻辑清晰，层次分明。 4.第四段作者Li Rui的写作风格与第三段作者Jia Xin的写作风格相同，也是先针对上一段作者的问题提出建议，而后表达自己在英语学习中存在的问题，逻辑清晰。 情境任务写作 假定你是李华，你在网上看到李明发的帖子，他说他的英语口语不好，希望得到大家的帮助，请你给他回帖。内容要点提示： 1.给李明提建议； 2.你练习英语口语的成功做法。 注意：词数80左右。 仿写作 仿写程序步骤 1.一仿结构布局合理 第一段：______________________________ 第二段：__________ 第三段：______ 针对对方问题，提出自己的建议 成功做法 祝愿 2.二仿语言规范美观 (1)我过去常常遇到这样的问题。 ________________________________________________________________ (2)现在我英语说得很好。 ________________________________________________________________ (3)当我回放它时，我比较那些演讲者的发音和我的发音。(play...back；when) ________________________________________________________________ I used to meet such a problem. Now I speak English well. When I play it back，I compare the pronunciation of the speakers with mine. (4)我尽可能经常地在公共场合练习说英语。(as often as possible) ________________________________________________________________ (5)这帮助我获得自信。(gain) ________________________________________________________________ (6)我知道大多数单词的意思。 ________________________________________________________________ I practise speaking English in public as often as possible. It helps me gain confidence. I know the meanings of most words. 3.三仿句式高级表达 (7)用but连接句(1)和句(2) ________________________________________________________________ (8)用动词-ing形式作状语改写句(3) ________________________________________________________________ (9)以句(4)为主句，把句(5)改为which引导的非限制性定语从句 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I used to meet such a problem but now I speak English well. Playing it back，I compare the pronunciation of the speakers with mine. I practise speaking English in public as often as possible，which helps me gain confidence. 4.四仿教材连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hi，Li Ming！How to improve your spoken English is really a problem.I used to meet such a problem but now I speak English well.I listen to spoken English every day and record my own speech.Playing it back，I compare the pronunciation of the speakers with mine and correct my wrong pronunciation.Besides，I practise speaking English in public as often as possible，which helps me gain confidence. I hope my advice will be of benefit to you. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was an evening just like any other in the Miller family apartment. Mr.and Mrs.Miller were tired from working all day and the children were busy playing on tablets (平板电脑). “Mum，can you play a game with me now？” said Amy.“Dad，do you want to play battleships？” asked Ben. NO.2　读后续写——“划读”“构思” Suddenly，the lights went off.The apartment went completely dark.“Oh no！ We have lost all our electricity，”cried Mr.Miller.“There must be a power cut in the city，”said Mrs.Miller. “Is everybody okay？” asked Mr.Miller.“Yes，I’m okay，” said Amy. “Wow！It’s so dark in here，”said Ben.“I’ve never seen our house like this before.” Mr.Miller picked up his torch (手电筒) and turned it on.But there was only a small beam of light. “Oh no！” complained Mr.Miller.“The batteries in this torch are not very good.I don’t know how long this torchlight will last.”The Miller family looked out of their apartment window.Mrs.Miller pointed at the sky.“Look at all the stars.”“Wow！ I can see so many，” said Ben. Then Mrs.Miller wiped her forehead.“I’m feeling very hot，” she said.“So am I，” said Amy.“Who turned the heater on？” Mr.Miller frowned.“The heater is not on.The machine that keeps us cool has stopped working，”Mrs. Miller answered.“Oh no！ The fridge is not working either and all the food will be ruined，”she cried.“And what about the freezer？” asked Ben.“The ice cream cake for Grandma is in there.It’s a special treat for her.” “That’s a big problem，”said Amy.“The ice cream cake will melt if it gets warm.” Just then，the torch went out.“And now we have an even bigger problem，” said Mr.Miller.“Oh dear！ What do we do now？” Mrs.Miller asked.Amy saw her tablet glowing (发出暗淡的光) in the corner of the room.“I have an idea，” she said. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 She picked up her tablet and took it back into the kitchen._____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ So the Miller family ate the cake and looked out of the window at the stars.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：划读语篇(阅读文本，根据右栏中提示划出文中关键信息) It was an evening just like any other in the Miller family apartment.Mr.and Mrs.Miller were tired from working all day and the children were busy playing on tablets (平板电脑). “Mum，can you play a game with me now？” said Amy.“Dad，do you want to play battleships？” asked Ben. Suddenly，the lights went off.The apartment went completely dark.“Oh no！ We have lost all our electricity，”cried Mr.Miller.“There must be a power cut in the city，”said Mrs.Miller. “Is everybody okay？” asked Mr.Miller.“Yes，I’m okay，” said Amy. “Wow！It’s so dark in here，” said Ben.“I’ve never seen our house like this before.” Mr.Miller picked up his torch (手电筒) and turned it on.But there was only a small beam of light. “Oh no！” complained Mr.Miller.“The batteries in this torch are not very good.I don’t know how long this torchlight will last.” The Miller family looked out of their apartment window.Mrs.Miller pointed at the sky.“Look at all the stars.” “Wow！ I can see so many，” said Ben. Then Mrs.Miller wiped her forehead.“I’m feeling very hot，” she said.“So am I，” said Amy.“Who turned the heater on？” Mr.Miller frowned.“The heater is not on.The machine that keeps us cool has stopped working，”Mrs. Miller answered.“Oh no！ The fridge is not working either and all the food will be ruined，”she cried.“And what about the freezer？” asked Ben.“The ice cream cake for Grandma is in there.It’s a special treat for her.” “That’s a big problem，”said Amy.“The ice cream cake will melt if it gets warm.” Just then，the torch went out.“And now we have an even bigger problem，” said Mr.Miller.“Oh dear！ What do we do now？” Mrs.Miller asked.Amy saw her tablet glowing (发出暗淡的光) in the corner of the room.“I have an idea，” she said. 1.开端：故事开头介绍了米勒一家在平常的晚上，父母工作疲惫，孩子们忙着玩平板电脑。突然，电力中断，家中变得漆黑一片。家庭成员开始反应并处理这一突发情况。 2.发展：米勒一家意识到可能是整个城市发生了停电。父母和孩子们检查周围的环境，发现家里除了黑暗和热气，其他电器也无法工作，比如冰箱和空调，食物会受到影响，冰淇淋蛋糕可能融化。 3.发展：在大家都感到焦虑时，艾米提出了一个解决办法。她看到自己的平板电脑发着微弱的光，这为她提供了灵感。 4.情感起伏：由于停电和设备无法使用，米勒家人开始感到不安和焦虑，尤其是担心冰淇淋蛋糕会融化。然而，艾米的发现带来了希望，暗示她可能会找到解决问题的办法。 5.伏笔：艾米在黑暗中看到自己的平板电脑发光，这个细节为接下来的解决方案提供了线索，也为故事的转折埋下了伏笔。 第二步：续写构思(根据划读、所给首句、汉语提示给出英文翻译) 续写第一段首句：She picked up her tablet and took it back into the kitchen. 场景一：艾米用平板电脑微弱的光照亮厨房，找到了她们家里以前买蛋糕时赠送的蜡烛。她点燃了一根蜡烛，小心地从冰箱里拿出了冰淇淋蛋糕，把它分成四块，放在盘子里。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Amy used the faint light from her tablet to illuminate the kitchen and found some candles that had been given as a free gift when they bought the cake.She lit a candle and carefully took the ice cream cake out of the fridge，dividing it into four pieces and placing them on plates. 场景二：艾米把蛋糕盘放在厨房的窗边，招呼本进来一起享用。接着，他们把桌子围得更紧，确保烛光不会熄灭。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 场景三：一家人围坐在一起，品尝着蛋糕，感到温暖和放松。窗外的星空让他们感到宁静与美好。虽然电力中断，但他们依然享受着彼此的陪伴。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Amy placed the plates with the cake by the kitchen window and called Ben to come in and join her.Then，they gathered closer around the table，making sure the candlelight stayed steady. The family sat together，enjoying the cake，feeling warm and relaxed.The stars outside the window made them feel peaceful and content.Despite the power cut，they appreciated each other’s company. 续写第二段首句：So the Miller family ate the cake and looked out of the window at the stars. 场景四：在星空下，他们聊起了以前的家庭旅行，谈到了一些有趣的回忆。艾米提议大家可以在院子里玩个游戏。大家都觉得这个提议很有趣。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Under the starry sky，they chatted about past family trips and shared funny memories.Amy suggested they could play a game in the yard.Everyone thought it was a great idea. 场景五：他们开始了一个名字游戏，大家给自己取了不同的水果名字，并开始用数字来竞猜。当两个人说出相同的数字时，谁先喊出对方的水果名字就赢了。这场游戏充满了欢笑和叫喊声。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ They started a game of names，where they gave themselves different fruit names and began calling out numbers.When two people said the same number，the one who named the other person’s fruit first won.The game was full of laughter and shouting. 场景六：随着笑声回荡在院子里，大家继续游戏，享受彼此的陪伴和星空的宁静。突然，房间里的灯亮了，他们感到惊喜又有些不舍。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 返回 As laughter echoed through the yard，they continued playing，enjoying each other’s company and the peacefulness of the stars.Suddenly，the lights in the room turned on，and they were both surprised and a little reluctant to stop playing. 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 Ⅰ.根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共8分) 1.In the first two ___________(学期)，she often stayed up late studying. 2.We all admire the young man ____________(奋斗)to enter a key university. 3.You’d better try to talk to the architect in her native ________(语言). 4.A friend of mine noticed a guy wandering in the ________(地铁)station. 5.As is known to us，there is a generation _____ (间隔)between the young and the old. 6.We are running out of ___________(汽油).We must find a gas station before it runs out. semesters struggling tongue subway gap petrol/gas 7.It was when I got back to my a__________ that I first came across my new neighbours. 8.It is a good idea to read English novels to enlarge your v__________. partment ocabulary Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(每小题1分，共5分) 1.As a captain，you should treat all the athletes _________(equal). 2.In summary，the beauty of the old castle is really beyond _____________ (describe). 3.I have great trouble _________ (tell)the differences between the two words. 4.I would like to give my opinion _________(relate)to this problem. 5.A group of homeless people stood by the road，_________ (beg)for some money. equally description telling related begging Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1.他想干活，所以我让他粉刷厨房。(have sb do sth) He wanted a job to do，so I ______________________. 2.一个学生越受鼓励，他越努力学习。(the more...，the more...) ___________ a student is encouraged，___________ he will learn. 3.这些青少年强烈要求图书馆提供各种各样的书籍。(demand) The teenagers strongly _____________________________________________ _______. had him paint the kitchen The more the harder demanded that the library (should)offer a variety of books 4.我认为我能胜任这个工作，因为我能够用英语与外国人交流。(equal) I think _____________________ because I can communicate with foreigners in English. 5.我在收集信息方面确实有困难。(trouble) I really _______________________ information. I am equal to the job have trouble in collecting Ⅳ.应用文写作(共15分) 假定你是李华，你的英国网友Jack正在学习汉语，他在博客中询问如何提高汉语写作能力。请你用英语给他回帖，就如何提高汉语写作能力给他提些建议。内容包括： 1.多读别人的文章； 2.多写多练； 3.不要害怕出错。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hi，Jack.I am so sorry to hear that you’re having trouble improving your Chinese writing.I’m more than glad to offer you some suggestions. One way to improve writing is to read other people’s articles.By reading，you will learn how skillful writers use Chinese to express themselves and present information in an excellent way.Thus you can improve your ability to use the language.Besides，you should improve your writing by practising. Keeping a diary is a good idea.It is natural that the beginners make mistakes while writing.Keep writing and you will do better. Hopefully，the advice would be helpful to you. 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2025·莱芜一中高一学情调研) Little kids can pick up a new language pretty easily.It’s supposed to be far harder for older children.But that conclusion (结论) might not be correct.The window on when people can learn a language well appears to last until around age 17 or 18. Earlier research had suggested we’re best at learning grammar in early childhood.Then we hit a dead end around age 5.But that’s not so，said Joshua Hartshorne and his colleagues. Hartshorne surveyed tens of thousands of people online.He began by asking volunteers to take an online English grammar test.He used their answers to guess their native languages.After completing the test，volunteers answered questions about where they had lived，the languages they had spoken from birth and the age at which they first started learning English.It also asked how long they’d lived in an English-speaking country. Hartshorne’s group analyzed (分析) responses from 669，498 native and non-native speakers of English.If people moved to a new country and began speaking English by age 10 to 12，they finally spoke it as well as those who had learned both English and another language from birth，the researchers found. The results further showed that around age 17，people’s ability to learn grammar took a nosedive and that those who started learning English after age 10 or 12 never reached the same level of English proficiency (熟练) as people who started younger.Why？ The researchers think it’s because they had fewer years to practice before their skills dropped off at 17. However，they found language learning did not end at 17 and people’s English skills kept improving slightly until around age 30.This was true among both native speakers and those who learned English as a second language，the new study found. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于语言学习窗口的研究。 1.How did Hartshorne do the survey？ A.He paid his friends to do it. B.He surveyed thousands of students. C.He interviewed passers-by. D.He carried out the survey online. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段“He began by asking volunteers to take an online English grammar test.”可知，Hartshorne是通过志愿者在线测试、问答等方式开展调查工作的。故选D。 2.Which of the following best explains “took a nosedive” underlined in Paragraph 5？ A.Fell. B.Changed. C.Counted. D.Rose. √ 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“those who started learning English...before their skills dropped off at 17”可知，“took a nosedive”是指在17岁左右时人们学习语法的能力急剧下降。由此可推知，画线短语与选项A意思相近。故选A。 3.What do the researchers say about language learning？ A.It requires few skills. B.It keeps people smarter. C.It ends at the age of 17. D.It needs more practice. √ 推理判断题。根据第五段“The results further showed... before their skills dropped off at 17.”可推知，研究人员认为语言学习需要大量练习。故选D。 4.What is the text mainly about？ A.A learning guide. B.A study on language learning. C.An English speaker. D.A survey on grammar rules. √ 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Little kids can pick up a new language...until around age 17 or 18.”和第二段“Earlier research had suggested...and his colleagues.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于语言学习窗口的研究。故选B。 B (2025·成都外国语学校高一期中) Learning a new language can be a big challenge at any age；however，it seems to be especially difficult to master a foreign tongue as we age. When we are growing up，we are building a language system in our mind，which allows us to communicate freely.If we start a new language after youth，however，we are adding a new set of rules to our mind.That is why we find it difficult to learn a new language—we’re building a new speech system when we are not young any more.Why is it easier for kids to learn a new language？ Children are relatively more active，open-minded and their language system is not fixed，meaning it is less work for them to pick up new things. The good news is that learning a language isn’t really that hard if you’re opening your mind.But it does take hard work and motivation to achieve your goals. It’s important to remember what you’re actually learning is how to communicate in a new way with other human beings.If you often share your daily experience with others in that language，what you’re learning is related to you.For example，if I’m learning Italian，I would never remember how to say “Dove e la biblioteca？” or “Where is the library？” but I will always remember how to say “Ti piace il caffe？” or “Do you like some coffee？” In addition，TV shows，films and video games in foreign languages are all great forms of entertainment for learning a new language.Anything that relates you to the language and culture is great，so long as you find it enjoyable. Adding a single new word to your vocabulary can be interesting and rewarding.The road to fluency can be hard，but the view along the way is really amazing，so it’s OK if you are driving slowly. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了成年人学习新语言困难的原因，并就成年人如何学习新语言提出了建议。 5.What affects language learning according to the first two paragraphs？ A.Money. B.Age. C.Mind. D.Work. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段“Learning a new language...a foreign tongue as we age.”可知，年龄会影响语言的学习。故选B项。 6.What can we infer about language learning from Paragraph 2？ A.Adults can pick up new things quickly. B.Children have a fixed language system. C.Adults find the new rules easy to remember. D.Children outrun adults in language learning. √ 推理判断题。根据第二段“When we are growing up...we are adding a new set of rules to our mind.”可知，成年人学习一门新语言很难，而孩子学习一门新语言就比较容易。由此可推知，在学习语言方面，孩子是胜过成年人的。故选D项。 7.What is helpful for learning a language according to Paragraphs 4 and 5？ A.Using it in daily life. B.Playing video games. C.Going to the library. D.Taking down its rules. √ 推理判断题。根据第四段“If you often share...what you’re learning is related to you.”和第五段“In addition... entertainment for learning a new language.”可推知，在日常生活中使用所学习的语言对学习语言有帮助。故选A项。 8.What may be the best title for the passage？ A.How to Build up Your Vocabulary？ B.Language Learning：Chance or Challenge？ C.Why do Children Learn Faster Than Adults？ D.Is It too Late to Master a Foreign Language？ √ 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Adding a single new word ...so it’s OK if you are driving slowly.”可知，文章分析了成年人学习新语言困难的原因，并就成年人如何学习新语言提出了建议，故D项“Is It too Late to Master a Foreign Language？”为本文最佳标题。故选 D项。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2025·山东省临沂市高一期中检测) One year ago，I paid no attention to English idioms (习语)，though my teacher told me about them again and again.But soon，the 　1　 of English idioms was shown in an amusing experience. One day，I 　2　 to meet an Englishman on the road，and soon we began to talk.As I was talking about how I was studying English，the 　3　 seemed to be surprised.Gently shaking his 　4　，shrugging (耸肩) his shoulders，he said，“You don’t say！” I was 　5　.I thought perhaps this was not a proper 　6　.I had better change it.So I said to him，“Have you ever been to the Great Wall？” “Certainly！ It was amazing.Everyone back home will 　7　 me if I leave China without seeing it，”he answered.I continued，“The Great Wall is one of the 　8　 in the world.We are very proud of it.” But soon，“You don’t say！” came to my ears again. I couldn’t 　9　 asking，“Why do you ask me not to talk about it？” “Well，I didn’t ask you to do so，” he answered，　10　 surprised.I said，“Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say！’？” 　11　 this，the Englishman laughed to tears.He began to 　12　，“‘You don’t say！’ actually means ‘Really’！ It is a(n) 　13　 of surprise.Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.” Only then did I know I had made a 　14　 of myself.Since then I have been more 　15　 with idiomatic expressions. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在一次与外国友人的交流中，没有注意到习语的重要性，出了洋相。由此作者注意到在学习英语过程中应该注重英语俗语的表达。 1.A.effect B.difference C.importance D.source √ 根据上文“One year ago，I paid no attention to English idioms(习语)”和句中“But soon”可知，作者之前不重视英语习语，但后来开始重视，认识到它的重要性。故选C。 2.A.used B.expected C.happened D.refused √ 根据句中“an Englishman on the road”可知，作者之前不认识这个英国人，他们只是碰巧遇到。故选C。 3.A.foreigner B.teacher C.student D.partner √ 根据上文“One day，I 　　 to meet an Englishman on the road”可知，作者是与外国人交谈。故选A。 4.A.hand B.arm C.head D.body √ 根据上文“be surprised”和句中shaking可知，外国人感到惊讶，摇头表示不赞同作者的做法。故选C。 5.A.worried B.uneasy C.curious D.confused √ 根据下文“But soon，‘You don’t say！’came to my ears again.I couldn’t　　asking，‘Why do you ask me not to talk about it？’”可知，作者不理解“You don’t say！”的意思，感觉到很困惑。故选D。 6.A.style B.topic C.opinion D.task √ 根据下文“I had better change it.”可知，作者认为自己选择的谈话话题不合适，决定换一个。故选B。 7.A.laugh at B.ran after C.rely on D.refer to √ 结合常识和句中“if I leave China without seeing it”可知，如果外国人来中国没去长城，则会被家里人笑话。故选A。 8.A.works B.wonders C.choices D.examples √ 结合常识和句中“The Great Wall”可知，长城是世界上的奇迹之一。故选B。 9.A.help B.admit C.regret D.allow √ 根据上文“But soon ‘You don’t say！’came to my ears again.”和句中“Why do you ask me not to talk about it？”可知，作者对于外国友人一直说“You don’t say！”不理解，故忍不住问原因。couldn’t help doing sth“禁不住做某事”。故选A。 10.A.naturally B.purposely C.hardly D.greatly √ 根据上文“Why do you ask me not to talk about it？”和“‘Well，I didn’t ask you to do so，’he answered”可知，作者问外国人为什么不让自己谈论这个话题，外国人非常惊讶地回答他没有不让作者说这个话题。故选D。 11.A.Finding B.Feeling C.Hearing D.Noticing √ 根据上文“I said，‘Didn’t you say ‘You don’t say！’？’”和句中“the Englishman laughed to tears”可知，英国人听了作者的回答，然后笑得流出了眼泪。故选C。 12.A.request B.explain C.complain D.determine √ 根据句中“‘You don’t say！’actually means ‘Really’！It is a(n) 　　of surprise.”可知，英国人给作者解释了什么是“You don’t say！”。故选B。 13.A.problem B.expression C.goal D.recognition √ 根据上文“You don’t say！”可知，这是英语的习语表达。故选B。 14.A.sense B.sign C.mess D.fool √ 根据上文“‘You don’t say！’ actually means ‘Really’！It is a(n) 　　 of surprise.Perhaps you don’t pay attention to English idioms.”可知，作者不知道英语习语的真正含义，出了洋相。make a fool of oneself “出洋相；出丑”。故选D。 15.A.satisfied B.annoyed C.anxious D.careful √ 根据上文“Only then did I know I had made a 　　 of myself.”可知，作者在知道自己出洋相后，会对英语习语的使用更加小心。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·沈阳高一检测) British and American English are different 1.　　 many ways.The difference in the vocabulary is the most obvious.Sometimes，the same word has a slightly different 2.　　　　 (mean)，which can be 3.　　　　. (confuse).There are a few differences in grammar，too.The British use prepositions (介词) while Americans sometimes omit (省略) them.The other two areas in 4.　　　　 the two kinds of languages are different are spelling and pronunciation.American spelling seems simpler，and many factors have influenced American pronunciation since the first settlers 5.　　　　. (arrive)there. in meaning confusing which arrived Although there are so many differences，some experts believe that the two languages are moving much 6.　　　　 (close) together.Communications across the Atlantic have developed gradually for over a century.The experts think this non-stop communication has made 7.　　 easier for British people and Americans to understand each other.But it has also led to lots of American words and structures 8.　　　　 (pass) into British English，so some people now believe that British English will disappear.However，with English widely 9.　　　 (use) in the world，there are going to be many “Englishes”，not just the two main 10.　　　　 (variety).But the most important thing is that users of English will all be able to understand each other wherever they are. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美式英语与英式英语的不同。 closer it passing used varieties 1.答案：in 考查介词。in many ways意为“在许多方面”。故填in。 2.答案：meaning 考查词性转换。根据形容词different可知，此处应用名词，动词mean的名词形式为meaning(意思)。故填meaning。 3.答案：confusing 考查词性转换。句中用形容词作表语，表示“令人困惑的”，应用形容词 confusing。故填 confusing。 4.答案：which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为areas，“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中作地点状语，应用“介词 in ＋which”引导。故填 which。 5.答案：arrived 考查动词的时态。连词since意为“自……以来”，后接句子时要用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。故填arrived。 6.答案：closer 考查副词的比较级。此处close为副词，根据much可知，此处应用副词的比较级。故填 closer。 7.答案：it 解析：考查代词。句中用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为动词不定式to understand each other。故填it。 8.答案：passing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词。现在分词用现在完成时的结构中，表示动作的持续或结果。所以用动词-ing形式。故填passing。 9.答案：used 考查非谓语动词。介词with后的宾语English与use之间为被动关系，所以用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。故填used。 10.答案：varieties 考查名词的单复数。形容词main后接名词形式。根据数词two可知，用variety的复数形式。故填varieties。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 返回 $