UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Discover Useful Structures-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（人教版）

UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 主题语境：人与社会——世界上的语言 Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures ——限制性定语从句(Ⅱ) 内容索引 语法详解 细分析 1 课时测评 2 语法详解 细分析 返回 阅读以下短文，完成下面的练习 语法串烧 When I started studying German，it was a struggle.The words felt strange on my tongue，and the grammar would not stay in my head.I told my mum that I wanted to give up，and that I would never live in a country ①where German was spoken.My mum told me that studying a language was not just for my future.It was exercise for the brain；the more I learnt of a language，the more my brain would grow.And I remember that day ②when I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.It felt like my brain had doubled in size.I had finally come to a place ③where I could think in this foreign language，and I could see the world from a different point of view.I felt as if I had reached the goal ④that/which I had been fighting for.I could open a book and see meanings，not just a sea of words.I finally understood the reason ⑤why my mum had encouraged me not to give up.Thanks，Mum！ 我的发现 1.加黑处①为_______引导定语从句，修饰先行词a country。 2.加黑处②为______引导定语从句，修饰先行词that day。 3.加黑处③为_______引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place。 4.加黑处④为_____________引导定语从句，修饰先行词the goal。 5.加黑处⑤为_____引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason。 where when where that/which why 关系副词的指代及功能 NO.1　关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 where 表示地点的名词 地点状语 why reason 原因状语 1.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。 It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework... 这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候…… 2.关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。 They have reached the point where they have to part.他们已经到了分手的 地步。 3.关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。 Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party？ 你能告诉我你没参加他的生日聚会的原因吗？ 温馨提示　表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则应用关系代词。试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？ 你还记得我们彻夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？ 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语) The reason why/for which you failed was that you had not followed your mother’s advice. 你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。(定语从句中缺少状语，所以用why或for which，why作原因状语) I won’t believe the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不信你给我们提供的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用that/which，不用why) 巧学活用1——对比填空：that，which，when，where，why ①I will never forget the days ______ we stayed together. ②The reason ___________ he explained at the meeting was not sound. ③The reason _____ he was late was that he missed his train. ④Keep the book in a place _______ you can find it easily. ⑤This is the house ___________ was built by my grandfather forty years ago. when that/which why where which/that 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。 选用介词的依据： 1.根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语) Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. 昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for ...“因……而出名”) The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist. 刚才和你说话的老太太是一位著名的艺术家。(talk with sb“和某人谈话”) NO.2　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 2.根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语) This is the camera with which he often takes photos. 这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”) 3.根据句子的意思来选择 My computer，without which I can’t surf the Internet，broke down yesterday. 昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能上网。 4.表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of I have ten books，half of which were written by Mo Yan.我有10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。 The old man has two sons，both of whom are lawyers. 这位老人有两个儿子，他们两个都是律师。 温馨提示　在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after，look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。 [正]The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. [误]The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. 巧学活用2——用适当的关系词或介词填空 ①Maria has written two novels，both of _______ have been made into television series. ②The woman to ______ you spoke just now is our English teacher. ③The day ____ which we will win the final victory will come. ④The woman ______ whom you shook hands just now is head of our company. ⑤The death of his son was an experience ______ which he never fully recovered. which whom on with from 知识网络 返回 课时测评 返回 语境基础练 Ⅰ.用定语从句合并句子(每小题3分，共12分) 1.I love my hometown.I feel proud of it. →______________________________________________________________ 2.There is a table in the house.There are some bananas on it. →______________________________________________________________ 3.There are forty students in our class.Twenty of the students in our class are girls. →______________________________________________________________ 4.We’ll go to see the famous singer.We have often talked about the famous singer. →______________________________________________________________ I love my hometown of which I feel proud. There is a table in the house where/on which there are some bananas. There are forty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls. We’ll go to see the famous singer about whom we have often talked. Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共12分) 1.我还记得我们第一次去上海的那一天。(when) I still remember the day ______________________________________. 2.我不信任他的原因是他经常说谎。(why) The reason ________________________________________. 3.我经常有这种情形：在电话里我听不出朋友的声音。(where) I often have the case ______________________________________________. 4.我们正在谈论的那个科学家出国了。(介词＋关系代词) The scientist ______________________________________. when we went to Shanghai for the first time why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies where I can’t recognize my friends’ voice on the phone about whom we are talking has gone abroad Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题1分，共7分) 使用关系词或介词填空。 Tai Dong is a small city in southeast Taiwan Province 1._______ I grew up.My family moved there from Taipei the summer 2.______ I was born.The house 3.____ which I grew up is on a main street in Tai Dong.It was a nice house with a big garden 4._______ there were a lot of nice flowers.My father sold tea，and my mother had a small restaurant 5._______ there were always many customers.A cousin of mine whose family I visited every summer lived with us.He was an apprentice(学徒) who my father was teaching the tea business to. where when in where where On the first floor of our house we had a huge kitchen 6._______ we all gathered for dinner.I will never forget the happy days 7.______ we were eating and talking happily.The bedrooms were upstairs.My brother and my cousin slept in one bedroom.I slept in another which I shared with Polly，the smartest bird that I had ever seen. where when 素能提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2025·山东省临沂市高一期中检测) It’s often said that we human beings can dream in a foreign language. Could dreaming in a foreign language improve our memory？ Does dreaming in a foreign language mean we are making progress in learning that language？ Before we look at multilingual (说多种语言的) dreams，first we need to look at sleep.The connection between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language，including our native language.Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language.But，if we are going to remember that new word better，what matters is that we need to connect it with what we have learned.And in order to do that，we need to have some sleep，says Gareth Gaskell，a professor at the University of York. It’s during sleep that the integration (整合) of old and new knowledge happens.At night，one part of our brain—the hippocampus—takes whatever new information it receives during the day and passes it on to other parts of the brain to be stored.The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied，but it’s entirely possible that during multilingual dreams，the brain is trying to connect the two languages，says Marc，a researcher at a university in Bern，Switzerland. So having multilingual dreams could mean that our brain is trying to remember a new word or phrase.However，it could also have an emotional (情感) significance.Danuta，a professor of psycholinguistics at the University of Silesia in Poland，suggests that multilingual dreams can express “fears or wishes” around learning a foreign language，including the wish to be a local speaker or to be accepted within a certain community. We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams，but one thing seems certain：if you’re trying to learn a new language，you can sleep on it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言，包括我们的母语。多语梦境中，大脑试图将两种语言联系起来，这有助于学习一门新的语言。 1.Why does the author mention questions in Paragraph 1？ A.To compare different ideas. B.To introduce the main topic. C.To present different types of dreams. D.To discuss the human language ability. √ 推理判断题。根据第一段“Could dreaming in a foreign language...in learning that language？”和第二段“The connection... including our native language.”可推知，作者在第一段提出问题是为了介绍主题：睡眠和语言之间的联系可以应用于如何学习任何语言。故选B。 2.What is the key element in memorizing a new word according to the text？ A.The other new words. B.The native language. C.The gained knowledge. D.The speaking practice. √ 细节理解题。根据第二段“But，if we are going to remember...with what we have learned.”和第三段“At night，one part of our brain...other parts of the brain to be stored.”可知，记忆新单词的关键在于将新单词与已有知识联系起来。故选C。 3.What can we learn about multilingual dreams？ A.They may influence people’s sleep quality. B.They can reflect language-learning feelings. C.They are the best option to learn a language. D.They help to clear up the useless information. √ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Danuta...around learning a foreign language”可知，多语梦可以反映学习语言的感受。故选B。 4.Where is the text most likely from？ A.A novel. B.A diary. C.A guidebook. D.A magazine. √ 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠和语言之间的联系，包括多语梦与语言学习之间的关系，因此这篇文章最有可能来自一本杂志。故选D。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2025·韶关市高一期中) I have a warm story to share with you.A school in San Francisco not only accepted a deaf student，but also 1.　　　　 (teach) the entire class sign language to allow them to better communicate with him. The 2.　　　　 (move) story began in September last year when a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood 3.　　　　 (accept) her six-year-old son，James，4.　　　　 has a hearing disability.The teacher，Lily，agreed almost immediately，but 5.　　　 the first day of school，she noticed James sitting all by himself，unable to communicate with any of his classmates. taught moving to accept who on Determined to find 6.　　 way out，Lily tried developing a few signs of 7.　　 own.But a parent of another child came up with an even 8.　 　 . (good) idea—getting the whole class to learn sign language along with James.So they got a sign language teacher.And three months later，James was able to communicate 9.　　　　 (happy) with all his classmates about regular(常规的) things like homework and 10.　　　　 (game). 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在老师、家长以及学校的帮助下，一名聋哑学生如何顺利地和正常的学生们进行交流的温暖人心的故事。 a her better happily games 1.答案：taught 考查动词的时态。由于并列连词not only...but also...连接了本句的两个谓语，因此此处的谓语动词应与前面的accepted一致，故用一般过去时。故填taught。 2.答案：moving 考查形容词。修饰story，说明事物的特征，用-ing结尾的形容词moving，表示“令人感动的”，故填moving。 3.答案：to accept 考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do意为“让某人做……”，故填to accept。 4.答案：who 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为James，空处在从句中作主语，用关系代词who，故填who。 5.答案：on 考查介词。具体的某一天前用介词on，故填on。 6.答案：a 考查冠词。这里是指“一个办法”，单数可数名词前加不定冠词为泛指概念，way发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 7.答案：her 考查代词。短语of one’s own表示“属于某人自己的”，此处指Lily，故填her。 8.答案：better 考查形容词的比较级。even修饰比较级，此处应用good的比较级better，故填better。 9.答案：happily 考查副词。修饰动词communicate，故应使用happy的副词形式作状语。故填happily。 10.答案：games 考查名词的单复数。game是可数名词，前无限定词，此处表示各种游戏应用复数形式，故填games。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 返回 $