UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar(1)-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（北师大版）

UNIT 3　CELEBRATIONS Section Ⅲ Grammar(1) 被动语态 内容索引 初识语法　品语篇 1 课时测评 2 初识语法　品语篇 返回 结构脉络 回忆温故 英语常考八种时态，每种时态都可以分为_____语态和_____语态。被动语态描述“被做的动作”。 感知语法 主动 被动 观察知新 画出下面语段中的被动语态 The boy almost cried his heart out when knowing that his purse had been lost. His father comforted him，saying that his wallet would be found in time.He wiped away tears on his face，saying，“ I will be helped by you and my mother.” So he himself and his parents searched his bedroom completely.The bookshelf was moved and even the bottom of the bed was swept. The boy said，“ Almost every place has been searched，but my purse isn't found.” Finally，what made the boy delighted was that his wallet was hidden in his schoolbag. 答案： The boy almost cried his heart out when knowing that his purse had been lost．His father comforted him，saying that his wallet would be found in time.He wiped away tears on his face，saying，“I will be helped by you and my mother.” So he himself and his parents searched his bedroom completely.The bookshelf was moved and even the bottom of the bed was swept．The boy said，“Almost every place has been searched，but my purse isn't found．” Finally，what made the boy delighted was that his wallet was hidden in his schoolbag. 一、被动语态的表达形式 1．各种时态的被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be或其各种变体(如am，is，are，was，were，has been，had been等)和及物动词的过去分词”构成。具体如下： 精讲语法 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are＋done 一般将来时 will/shall＋do will/shall＋be＋done 一般过去时 did was/were＋done 时态 主动语态 被动语态 过去进行时 was/were＋doing was/were＋being＋done 现在进行时 am/is/are＋doing am/is/are＋being＋done 现在完成时 have/has＋done have/has＋been＋done 过去完成时 had＋done had＋been＋done 过去将来时 would/should＋do would/should＋ be＋done The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 每天都由我们打扫教室。(一般现在时的被动语态) The project will be completed by next month. 项目将在下个月完成。(一般将来时的被动语态) The report is being prepared by the team. 报告正在由团队准备。(现在进行时的被动语态) The book was written by J．K.Rowling. 这本书是由J.K.罗琳写的。(一般过去时的被动语态) So far my thesis has been completed. 到目前为止我的论文已经写好了。(现在完成时的被动语态) The room had been broken into before we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行闯入了这个屋子。(过去完成时的被动语态) The house was being painted when I arrived. 我到达时房子正在被粉刷。(过去进行时的被动语态) 2．被动语态的特殊形式 ①含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The project could be done by the end of the week if we work overtime. 如果我们加班，项目可能在本周末完成。 Something must be done to stop the water from being polluted. 必须采取措施来制止水受到污染。 ②“get＋过去分词”式被动语态。 “get＋过去分词”可以表示被动，其中get相当于be动词。 The project got finished ahead of time. 项目提前完成了。 Some glasses got broken when we were moving. 我们搬家时有些玻璃杯被打碎了。 二、被动语态使用场景 1．句中不需要体现动作发出者时。 The club was set up two years ago. 这个俱乐部成立于两年前。 Your plan is thought to be practical. 你的计划被认为很实用。 2．被动语态常用于科技报告、新闻媒体等正式场合。 It is reported that the man-made satellite has been sent into orbit. 据报道，该人造卫星已经被送入轨道。 3．一些词常用被动结构。如be born，be determined，be devoted，be dressed in等等。 She was born in a small village in the countryside. 她出生在乡下的一个小村庄。 He is devoted to his work and often spends long hours at the office. 他非常热爱自己的工作，经常在办公室待很长时间。 三、非被动语态但含被动意义的情况 1．lock，open，shut，move，read，sell，wash，write等动词和well，badly，easily等副词连用表示主语的内在品质或性能时是不及物动词，常用主动形式表示被动意义。 The door doesn't open easily. 这个门不容易开。 The new product sells well. 这个新产品很畅销。 2．动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste，seem，turn，fall，grow，keep，go，stay作系动词时，后跟名词或形容词作表语，表示主语的特点，此时用主动形式表示被动意义。 The soup smells good but tastes terrible. 这汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。 3．表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin，finish，open，stop，move等，用主动形式表示被动意义。 The shop opens at 8：00 in the morning every day. 商店每天上午八点开始营业。 4．need，want，require等动词以及be worth后面，常跟动词-ing形式，用主动形式表示被动意义。 My watch doesn't work；it needs repairing. 我的手表坏了，需要修理。 This dictionary is well worth buying. 这本字典非常值得购买。 5．在“主语＋系动词＋表语＋to do”结构中，句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的动宾关系，且形容词表示主语的特征或性质，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，heavy等。 What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. 将来的生活如何，很难预测。 6．be to blame或be to let也是主动形式表示被动意义。 He is to blame for the broken window. 他因打破窗户而受到了责备。 四、关于被动语态的注意事项 1．不及物动词或者不能跟宾语的动词词组不能用于被动语态。常见的有：rise，appear，disappear，happen，occur，break out，take place，run out，give out(用完，耗尽)等。 My money has run out.Can you lend me some？ 我的钱用完了，你能借给我一些吗？ 2．have可跟宾语，但却没有被动语态。 3．在主动语态里，感官动词和使役动词后面跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，须带to。 I often hear her sing English songs. →She is often heard to sing English songs by me. 我经常听见她唱英语歌。 4．带有介词或副词的动词短语用作被动语态的谓语时，介词或副词不能省略。 She often looks after the old man. →The old man is often looked after by her. 她经常照顾这位老人。 5．含有双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：一是将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；二是将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前加介词to或for。 Her mother bought her a computer. →She was bought a computer by her mother. →A computer was bought for her by her mother. 她妈妈给她买了一台电脑。 巧学活用——用被动语态补全下面语篇 During festive seasons，1.______________(据信)the spirit of joy fills the air，and 2._________________________ (庆祝活动已经发起)with enthusiasm.As we gather together，we 3._____________(被提醒)the traditions 4._______________________ (已经被传下来)through generations.Each home 5._________(被刷漆)，with decorations attached to every corner，creating a warm and inviting atmosphere.The sound of laughter and music fills the streets，and 6.___________ (据说)bad spirits or misfortune 7._____________ ______ (可以被吓走)，making sure that the coming year 8._______________ ________ (充满了幸福). 返回 it is believed that celebrations have been put up are reminded of that have been passed down is painted it is said that can be scared away is filled with happiness 课时测评 返回 Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) original，retire，joy，surround，immediate，decorate，account，sweep，attach，scare 1．The party began ___________ after everyone arrived at the hall. 2．The _________ of the room made it look beautiful for the celebration. 3．I started _________ for all the gifts we received during the holiday party. 4．Many people are curious about the _____ of our family's traditional celebrations. 5．My grandfather ______ last year，and we had a big party for him. immediately decoration accounting origin retired 6．The kids were ______ when they saw the dark clouds before the fireworks. 7．We set up chairs ___________ the table for the birthday celebration. 8．Everyone felt ______ when the cake was brought out at the celebration. 9．She was busy ________ balloons to the walls before the event started. 10．The excitement _____ through the audience when the countdown started. scared surrounding joyful attaching swept Ⅱ.根据提示翻译句子(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分) 1．许多人认为，在新年庆祝活动中，烟花有助于吓跑恶灵。(scare away) Many people believe that fireworks _________________________ during the New Year celebrations. 2．聚会的装饰品被强风刮走了，只好重新张贴。(sweep away；put up；被动语态) The decorations for the party ________________________________________ ____________________ . help to scare away bad spirits were swept away by the strong wind，and new ones had to be put up 3．在生日聚会上，孩子们开始玩游戏后，桌子都被弄翻了。(upside down；被动语态) At the birthday party，the tables _________________________ after the children started playing games. 4．她喜欢在感恩节和家人在一起，这样他们就可以一起享受一顿丰盛的晚餐。(attach...to...；被动语态) She ___________________________ during Thanksgiving so they can enjoy a big dinner together. 5．除夕午夜时分，人群中每个人都放飞五彩烟花，欢呼雀跃。(let off) At midnight on New Year's Eve，everyone in the crowd __________________ __________________________． were all turned upside down likes to be attached to her family let off colorful fireworks and shouted with joy Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Last year I went to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival，and it blew my mind.It had been my dream to attend the famous carnival for many years，so I was excited.However，the moment I arrived，I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets.They say that five or six million people come to Rio during carnival time and about two million of them are on the streets on any given day.Luckily，I had a local guide，my sister's friend Ronnie.He said he would take care of me and show me around at the carnival.He did not let me down. Well，the carnival is all about the samba.It's a style of music and dance which has its origins in Africa.Lots of Africans were used as slave(奴隶)labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being conquered，so this mixed culture of African，Latin and European styles is really strong here.Samba music is usually fast and exciting with a lot of drums and harmonic vocals(和声).It's the kind of music that you couldn't help dancing to.And I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd，I couldn't help moving my hips and shoulders. Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade inside the Sambadrome where the top samba schools compete for the championship，but we still had a long way to go through the street parties.He said most people enjoy the carnival by making their own parties in the street.About the samba parade，twelve main teams compete for the championship，and if they win，their performance will be talked about for years to come. So，you must be wondering how it was.Well，I'm afraid I can't tell you.Ronnie and I never made into the Sambadrome.We spent the day moving from one street party to another.There were more snacks，more drinks and lots of dancing.Do I regret missing the main parade？ Not at all，I experienced the carnival like the locals，and it was truly amazing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在里约热内卢参加狂欢节活动的经历。 1．What made the author nervous in the beginning？ A．Busy schedule. B．The big crowd. C．No local guide. D．Culture shock. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段的“However，the moment I arrived，I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets.”可知，作者开始的时候紧张是因为街上人很多。故选B。 2．What can be known about samba in Paragraph 2？ A．It has a strong mixed culture. B．Its music is always fast but soft. C．It is not to the taste of the author. D．It has its origins in South America. √ 推理判断题。根据第二段中“so this mixed culture of African，Latin and European styles is really strong here”可知，桑巴是一种很强的混合文化。故选A。 3．Why didn't the author regret missing the main parade？ A．She met some amazing local people. B．She gave her own parties in the street. C．She celebrated the festival in a local way. D．She didn't have the tickets for the parade. √ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Do I regret missing the main parade？ Not at all.I experienced the carnival like the locals，and it was truly amazing.”可知，作者不后悔错过了游行，因为她以当地人庆祝狂欢节的方式体验了狂欢节。故选C。 4．What is the purpose of the passage？ A．To recommend a helpful guide. B．To encourage people to learn samba. C．To share an unforgettable experience. D．To tell a cruel history of Rio de Janeiro. √ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了作者自己在里约热内卢参加的一次狂欢节活动的经历，故本文的目的是分享一次难忘的经历。故选C。 B (2025·天津和平高一期末) Each year on World Book Day，all the students and teachers in my kids' primary school dress up as book characters and stage a parade(游行)through the Victorian schoolyard，bringing great happiness to the children. Yet I am rather disheartened by how my fellow parents look at World Book Day.“ It's too competitive！”“ Way too much effort！” My fellow parents are missing the point. World Book Day should be a wonderful celebration of stories and the love of reading.British children are reading less than ever before.Just one in four reads each day，according to a survey done by the National Literacy Trust on World Book Day. We need World Book Day.We need a day to celebrate the pleasure to be found in reading.But this festival has changed in recent years because we're just not playing by the rules. Among the news stories I've read recently，parents compete to see who has made the best costumes(化妆服)for their kids.We're overlooking the point of the day：to celebrate books.So，as a step to correcting things，let's first make sure our children all continue to have access to great books at school，at libraries and at home. And then，let's read them.A few weeks ago，I started a new routine(日常事务)in my house in which we must all read together for half an hour.It's not very difficult；we've been managing it about once a week.My husband，our eight-year-old and I love it；my six-year-old has more trouble staying focused.But just this morning he crawled into bed with me with a book under his arm and we read for five minutes，silently side-by-side，before the morning rush began. Sharing books with children is life's greatest joy.Don't let that get lost in the over excitement of fancy dress. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。为庆祝世界图书日，孩子们会装扮成书中的角色。但是这个节日逐渐变味了，偏离了阅读的宗旨。作者认为应回到正轨，让孩子们体会阅读的乐趣，养成阅读的习惯。 5．What happens at the school of the author's kids on World Book Day？ A．Teachers hold book shows. B．Students read in the schoolyard. C．Students dress up in special clothes. D．Teachers hold reading competitions. √ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Each year on World Book Day，all the students and teachers in my kids' primary school dress up as book characters and stage a parade(游行)”可知，学生在这一天用特殊的衣服装扮自己。故选C。 6．What does the survey done by the National Literacy Trust show？ A．Many British children are weak in reading. B．Few parents read together with their children. C．Many British children spend little time reading. D．Most parents have a low opinion of World Book Day. √ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“British children are reading less than ever before.Just one in four reads each day”可知，许多英国孩子在阅读上花费的时间少。故选C。 7．What does the underlined word “overlooking” in Paragraph 5 mean？ A．Doubting. B．Failing to consider. C．Changing. D．Beginning to get. √ 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“...parents compete to see who has made the best costumes(化妆服)for their kids.We're overlooking the point of the day：to celebrate books.”可推知，此处指庆祝世界图书日现在已经变味，人们忽视了它的真正目的是庆祝书籍。故画线词意为“没有考虑，忽视”。故选B。 8．What does the text mainly want to tell parents？ A．They should take World Book Day as a reminder to read with their kids. B．They should pay much more attention to the excitement of pure reading. C．They should encourage their kids to take part in more reading activities. D．They should read more books to share with children and to compete with others. √ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，本文主要想通过世界图书日提醒父母和孩子一起读书。故选A。 Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2025·江苏盐城高一期中) My son“graduated” from elementary school this week.I put the word in quotation marks(引号)because as a rising 6th grader，he wasn't receiving a 1 —and because the school used a 2 term to describe the milestone.On reflection，the school's term felt even more 3 than the traditional name of the 4 of one stage of a person's education：They called it Moving On. At the Moving On Ceremony，each member of the 5th grade class 5 one sentence of reflection on what they were thankful for or would 6 about their primary school years.One 7 words caught my attention—he said he was 8 for what he called“a step on the ladder”．I was really 9 by this 11-year-old's ability to summarise the emotional heart of the“moving on” moment.That was totally beyond my 10 ． Growing up is the work of a 11 —a ladder that has no top.And the gift of a“moving on” moment is that we get to celebrate the firm foothold(立足点)we've gained on our 12 step，even as we reach upwards towards the next.We get to 13 —not beyond what we've learnt and accomplished so far，but because we are able to build on today's experiences to move ahead towards tomorrow. We look forward to our son 14 more graduations in his lifetime.But perhaps more than that，we pray that he will have the ability to recognise many “moving on” moments to celebrate and enjoy with 15 ． 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子所在的学校将毕业典礼称为“继续前进”，作者分享了自己对此的感悟和对儿子的期望。 1．A．prize B．letter C．degree D．gift 2．A．normal B．different C．traditional D．popular √ 根据上文的“as a rising 6th grader”可知，作者的儿子即将升入六年级，没有获得学位。故选C项。 √ 根据下文的“They called it Moving On”可知，学校用“继续前进”这个词来表达毕业，这与其他表示毕业的词语不同。 故选B项。 3．A．interesting B．successful C．productive D．meaningful 4．A．end B．goal C．process D．task √ 根据下文的“a step on the ladder”及“Growing up is the work of a_______—a ladder that has no top.”可知，作者经过仔细考虑，认为这个词更有意义。故选D项。 √ 根据上文的“My son‘graduated’”及下文的“They called it Moving On”可知，儿子的学校采用了一个更具意义的说法来表示毕业，即一个教育阶段的结束。故选A项。 5．A．translated B．learnt C．shared D．completed 6．A．complain B．miss C．worry D．expect √ 根据下文的“words caught my attention”可知，每个孩子在毕业典礼上分享一句话，表达感激之情。 故选C项。 √ 根据空后“about their primary school years”可知，学生分享一句话表达对小学生涯的感激或怀念。 故选B项。 7．A．teacher's B．parent's C．cleaner's D．student's 8．A．responsible B．grateful C．concerned D．famous √ 根据上文的“each member of the 5th grade class”可知，此处指一个学生的话引起了作者的注意。故选D项。 √ 此处呼应上文的“on what they were thankful for”，指孩子很感激“阶梯上的一步”。故选B项。 9．A．struck B．confused C．inspired D．disappointed 10．A．imagination B．ability C．reach D．control √ 根据下文的“by this 11-year-old's ability to summarise the emotional heart of the ‘moving on’ moment”可知，作者被这个孩子的话打动了。 故选A项。 √ 根据语境可知，此处指这超出了作者的想象。故选A项。 11．A．moment B．month C．year D．lifetime 12．A．current B．previous C．future D．upward √ 根据上文的“Growing up”及下文的“a ladder that has no top”可知，此处指成长是一个没有尽头的阶梯，即成长是一生的任务。故选D项。 √ 根据上文的“we've gained”及下文的“even as we reach upwards towards the next”可知，在我们要到达人生的下一个阶段时，“继续前进”这一仪式让我们为当前所取得的稳固的立足点庆祝，与 the next 对应的是 current。故选A项。 13．A．work out B．calm down C．move forward D．think back 14．A．holding B．preparing C．discovering D．experiencing √ 此处呼应上文的“reach upwards towards the next”及下文的“move ahead towards tomorrow”，指继续前进。 故选C项。 √ 根据下文的“more graduations in his lifetime”可知，作者希望儿子在他的一生中经历更多的毕业典礼。 故选D项。 15．A．kindness B．gratitude C．bravery D．patience √ 根据上文的“on what they were thankful for”可知，此处指作者希望儿子有能力认识到许多“前进”的时刻，以感激的心情庆祝和享受。 故选B项。 返回 谢 谢 观 看 UNIT 3　CELEBRATIONS 返回 $