精品解析：广东省惠州市第八中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

惠州市第八中学2025~2026学年第一学期高二第一次段考 2025. 10 英语试题 命题&审核：高二英语备课组 说明： 1. 本卷总分130分，考试时长120分钟。 2. 考生必须用黑色钢笔或签字笔在答题卷指定范围内作答，答在试题卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） A The Best Writing Contests for High School Students Scholastic Art and Writing Awards ●Award Amount: $1,000 to $12,500 scholarships ●Deadline: Varies between December and January, depending on your region ●Fee: $10 for single entry, $30 for portfolio (作品选辑) The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards celebrate art by students in grades seven through twelve (age 13 or older) on a regional and national scale. Categories include science-fiction and fantasy writing, humor, critical essays, and dramatic scripts. Ocean Awareness Contest ●Award Amount: Scholarships up to $1,500 ●Deadline: June 13, 2023 ●Fee: None The Ocean Awareness Contest asks students to consider the future of a coastal or marine species that is under threat from climate change. Submissions are accepted in a variety of art forms. The contest is open to all international and US students between the ages of 11 and 18. River of Words ●Award: Publication in the River of Words anthology ●Deadline: January 31, 2023 ●Fee: None The River of Words contest asks students to consider watersheds -an area that drains into the same body of water-and how they connect with their local community. Students can explore this concept in art or poetry. The contest is open to International and US students from kindergarten to grade 12 (ages 5 through 19). YoungArts Competition ●Award Amount: Up to $10,000 cash awards ●Deadline: October 15, 2023 ●Fee: $35 Open to students in a variety of disciplines, including visual arts, writing, and music, the YoungArts competition asks students to submit a portfolio of work. Applicants must be 15- to 18-year-old US citizens or permanent residents, or in grades 10 through 12 at the time of submission. 1. What can we know about the Scholastic Art and Writing Awards? A. The deadline is not fixed. B. Entries can take any form. C. It has the lowest cash awards. D. It is open to students worldwide. 2. What do Ocean Awareness Contest and River of Words have in common? A. They have the same closing date. B. Winners can get their works issued. C. Students don’t have to pay an entry fee. D. The age limit for applicants is the same. 3. Who can participate in the YoungArts Competition? A. Nancy, a college graduate majoring in literature. B. Kevin, a 12-year-old English boy studying music. C. Adam, a high school freshman who excels at sports. D. Mary a 16-year-old American girl who loves writing. B Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (化工机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic (原子的) energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power. In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction. During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China. Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. 4. What does the author suggest in the first paragraph? A. Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power. B. Peng was actually a very modest person. C. Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants. D. Peng was the most vital figure in the nuclear field. 5. What does the underlined part in the 2nd paragraph mean? A. Focus on. B. Know about. C. Turn to. D. Research into. 6. How does the author develop the passage? A. By following the time order. B. By showing the great importance. C. By providing some similar examples. D. By explaining the process of research. 7. Which of the following is the proper title for the passage? A. A National Celebration for a Nuclear Scientist B. Peng Shilu’s Work on Nuclear Submarines and Plants C. The Nation’s Mourning for a Nuclear Expert D. A Lifetime of Devotion to China’s Nuclear Power C Several studies show communication skills are the most important skills for American adults. They are often taught through Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) programs, which encourage student involvement (参与), offered in K-12 schools in 27 states. But they are also a by-product of theater classes, according to a recent study. The study followed children aged 5 to 18 over six years and found increases in communication skills across ages. The longer the kids spent on the theater classes, the more they gained in 21st-century skills, like communication, creativity, imagination, and problem solving, says Thalia Goldstein, the study’s co-author. Theater involves different learning —getting up on your feet to take in information, rather than sitting at a desk. “When you put something in your body, it lasts longer, and you remember it longer,” says Kathryn Dawson, associate professor of theater at the University of Texas at Austin. Theater provides an awareness of space. And it enables more than expressions with words. For children with autism (孤独症), theater techniques increase eye attention and inspire conversation. This is where the arts level the playing field for children of different abilities; they can participate in meaningful ways where language is not a necessary skill. Sara Williams, Charlotte’s mother, cites theater as the foundation (基础) for her daughter’s self-awareness. Charlotte began drama classes at age 5. At 13, she is not afraid to speak publicly or join the student council; she listens and has confidence. “Kids go to these classes and come home feeling excited, like they have achieved something.” Williams says. And not just the outgoing kids — for the shy, theater opens them up. A theater class provides a supportive environment, free from unkind judgment. You can keep your personality, and unlike in sports, you’re not competing with anyone. “Theater is about telling stories. It is one of the best ways to help young people get to know themselves,” Dawson says. 8. What does the recent study find out? A. Theater classes contribute greatly to children’s social skills. B. Communication skills matter to children’s development. C. Theater classes are more effective than SEL programs. D. Children’s interest in theater classes changes with age. 9. How does Kathryn Dawson explain the impact of theater learning? A. It focuses on improving one’s artistic skills. B. It raises children’s awareness of confidence. C. It strengthens a sense of community among children. D. It promotes active learning through physical involvement. 10. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. Theater techniques are based on language learning. B. Theater experiences help practise competitive skills. C. Theater techniques benefit a wide range of children. D. Theater classes can be unsuitable for outside children. 11. What can theater bring to shy children according to the example? A. A means of gaining an understanding of others. B. A comfortable space for self-expression. C. A gateway to discovering hidden talents. D. A chance to accept your disadvantages. D DeepSeek-R1, a new AI model developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek, has rocked the AI industry around the world. Open to the public on Jan. 20, it quickly beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and topped the Apple’s App Store by Jan. 27. According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power. The report on its earlier V3 model showed that DeepSeek is the least expensive among large language models. It costs about 5.57 million US dollars (about 40. 58 million yuan) to make it. Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in R1’s training. Different from traditional methods such as CoT (思维链) and SFT (监督微调) DeepSeek uses RL (强化学习) as the main training method. While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data, R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. The AI industry’s development has long depended on making computing power bigger. “By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure, DeepSeek may change the AI field,” pointed out the US bank Morgan Stanley. “Bigger is no longer always smarter,” said the bank. What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source. Everyone is free to the model’s code (代码) and makes changes to suit their own needs. “We won’t choose closed-source,” said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge, building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. “That is the power of open research,” Meta’s chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. 12. What is the great advantage of DeepSeek-R1? A. Its completely new design. B. Its top position in the App Store. C. Its powerful and cost-efficient performance. D. Its development by a Chinese company. 13. What is the main purpose of paragraph 3? A. To show its advantage in dealing with difficult tasks. B. To present the business applications of DeepSeek-R1. C. To emphasize the limitations of traditional AI training methods. D. To introduce the innovative approach that leads to lower expense. 14. What does the underlined word “highlights” in the last paragraph mean? A. illustrate B. stress C. lightspot D. sign 15. Which word best describes the author’s attitude towards the development of DeepSeek-R1? A. Critical B. Concerned C. Advocatory D. Disapproving 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） Sitting back as you drive Imagine this: You jump into a car on a weekend morning, and it takes you wherever you want to go — no directions needed. When it drops you off, it heads home on its own, so you don't need to worry about parking. That's what self-driving cars can do. Self-driving cars are becoming an increasingly discussed topic in the world of transportation. ____16____ They can sense their environment and move without a human driver actively controlling them. However, the degree of human involvement varies depending on the level of driving automation. At higher levels of automation, a human passenger may not need to take control at all, and in some cases, may not even need to be in the vehicle. ____17____ For instance, in fully autonomous cars, the vehicle can handle all aspects of driving, from starting up to parking, without any human input. On the other hand, at lower levels, human intervention (干预) might still be necessary. ____18____ It takes a great deal of time and resources to develop this technology. As Wired magazine reported, it's not just a simple gadget (工具). Instead, it's a complex system, a collection of inventions applied in a novel way, and is shaped by factors like the growth of the road network and the availability of gasoline. The strengths of self-driving cars are quite promising. ____19____ A US government data shows that driver error or behavior is a factor in 94 percent of crashes. So, automation could significantly reduce road accidents. The self-driving car industry is attracting a lot of attention from big companies. Many well-known companies worldwide, such as Baidu and Tesla, have already entered the self-driving car industry. Research from Goldman Sachs, a global investment bank, suggests that self-driving cars will make up 10 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030. ____20____ A. Developing self-driving cars is no easy task. B. Self-driving cars have been a dream for many people for a long time. C. This new type of vehicle represents a major shift in the way we travel. D. This indicates the self-driving car market has great potential in the future. E. It means that people are doubtful about the development of self-driving cars. F. One of the most significant benefits is the potential to reduce traffic accidents. G These cars are designed to handle a wide range of driving situations independently. 第二部分 语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me ____21____ that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our ____22____ so we know where we are from. That day I ____23____ decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder ____24____ in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a ____25____ scientist in the future. One of my ____26____ in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her ____27____ as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was ____28____ to that research for the rest of her life. If I am lucky and given the ____29____ to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She ____30____ something that helped the other scientists ____31____ the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation. I know I will be able to achieve my ____32____ as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my ____33____ with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as ____34____ as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the ____35____ to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist. 21. A. doubt B. realize C. wonder D. value 22. A. school B. origin C. growth D. study 23. A. easily B. hardly C. partly D. firmly 24. A. especially B. possibly C. properly D. separately 25. A. happy B. popular C. careful D. real 26. A. experiences B. persuasions C. inspirations D. generations 27. A. career B. attempt C. praise D. science 28. A. devoted B. invited C. linked D. attached 29. A. reason B. freedom C. right D. opportunity 30. A. heard B. expected C. discovered D. awarded 31. A. set out B. figure out C. stick out D. take out 32. A. fame B. reward C. dream D. stage 33. A. information B. decision C. light D. fortune 34. A. bright B. capable C. proud D. brave 35. A. lesson B. mind C. present D. heart 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Taihu Lake China’s third-largest freshwater lake, has reached its best water quality in 30 years, ____36____ reflects China’s efforts in environmental protection alongside economic growth. Despite a population increase of nearly 7 million and a 3.6-fold economic expansion since 2007, the ____37____ (lake) water quality has improved from Grade V to Ⅲ. Restoring large lakes that suffer from eutrophication (富营养化) is ____38____ global challenge, but the experience of Taihu Lake has proved that it is possible. In the past two decades, around 55 million cubic meters of silt (淤泥) ____39____ (remove). In 2024, the intelligent dredging (清淤) ship Taihu Star began operation, ____40____ (process) up to 5,000 cubic meters daily. Jiangsu has carried out a range of pollution control measures. It has shut down or restructured nearly 60,000 polluting factories. 190 wetland conservation areas have been established. In September 2024, an intelligent online platform was launched ____41____ (monitor) water quality. Last summer, the blue-green algae growth area and the density dropped ____42____ (significant). The environmental measures have driven industrial transformation. In 2024, high-tech industries accounted ____43____ over half of the total output of industrial firms above the designated size in three cities of Jiangsu: Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. “The Taihu Lake experience shows that with proper policies and strong ____44____ (commit), lakes can be restored and economic development can go hand in hand with ____45____ (ecology) protection,” said an official of Jiangsu’s Department of Ecology and Environment. 第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满 6分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 46. He said sorry to me for making such a foolish mistake and I willingly accepted his ___________ (apologise).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. Without the teacher’s ___________ (permit), no one is allowed to enter the chemistry lab.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Please look at your skills ___________ (objective）when deciding on a crucial career change.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. The students benefiting quite a lot from college are those who totally participate in ___________ (academy) life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Tastes and ___________ (prefer) vary from individual to individual.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. When the giant panda hears ___________ (normal) noise, it is often the case that it will immediately escape.  (所给词的适当形式填空)  第四节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 52. ___________(judge) by what he has done, he is determined to take part in the campaign, totally ignoring our advice.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. Many farmers are ___________ (oppose) to the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a ___________ (warn) to your phone.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. In its history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got ___________ (stick).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. ___________ (boil) with brown sugar and ginger, fruits can be enjoyed better by teenagers as a fashionable drink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. ___________ (found) in 1949, the People’s Republic of China is the third country in the world to send man into space.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. She was not satisfied with his explanation and intended ___________ (persuade) the matter further.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 第五节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的短语，在空白处填入该短语的正确形式。 59. He spent the whole morning _________ that every detail of the schedule was perfect. 60. _________ the famous actor stepped onto the stage and waved to his fans, the entire theater burst into excited cheers. 61. Her decision to establish a new company was made _________ a careful market analysis and financial forecast. 62. Ignoring all the warnings from his teachers, _________, he received a failing grade. 63. The constant use by heavy trucks has caused significant _________ on the surface of this road. 64. _________, his unique method was correct because it provided a clear solution to the problem. 65. I discovered this rare book _________ in a small, dusty box at the back of the old shop. 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 66. 随着人工智能应用DeepSeek的火爆，越来越多的学生频繁利用人工智能应用辅助完成作业。你校英语报正在开展关于该现象的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人工智能软件辅助完成作业的利弊； 2.你的看法和建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 惠州市第八中学2025~2026学年第一学期高二第一次段考 2025. 10 英语试题 命题&审核：高二英语备课组 说明： 1. 本卷总分130分，考试时长120分钟。 2. 考生必须用黑色钢笔或签字笔在答题卷指定范围内作答，答在试题卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分60分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） A The Best Writing Contests for High School Students Scholastic Art and Writing Awards ●Award Amount: $1,000 to $12,500 scholarships ●Deadline: Varies between December and January, depending on your region ●Fee: $10 for single entry, $30 for portfolio (作品选辑) The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards celebrate art by students in grades seven through twelve (age 13 or older) on a regional and national scale. Categories include science-fiction and fantasy writing, humor, critical essays, and dramatic scripts. Ocean Awareness Contest ●Award Amount: Scholarships up to $1,500 ●Deadline: June 13, 2023 ●Fee: None The Ocean Awareness Contest asks students to consider the future of a coastal or marine species that is under threat from climate change. Submissions are accepted in a variety of art forms. The contest is open to all international and US students between the ages of 11 and 18. River of Words ●Award: Publication in the River of Words anthology ●Deadline: January 31, 2023 ●Fee: None The River of Words contest asks students to consider watersheds -an area that drains into the same body of water-and how they connect with their local community. Students can explore this concept in art or poetry. The contest is open to International and US students from kindergarten to grade 12 (ages 5 through 19). YoungArts Competition ●Award Amount: Up to $10,000 cash awards ●Deadline: October 15, 2023 ●Fee: $35 Open to students in a variety of disciplines, including visual arts, writing, and music, the YoungArts competition asks students to submit a portfolio of work. Applicants must be 15- to 18-year-old US citizens or permanent residents, or in grades 10 through 12 at the time of submission. 1. What can we know about the Scholastic Art and Writing Awards? A. The deadline is not fixed. B. Entries can take any form. C. It has the lowest cash awards. D. It is open to students worldwide. 2. What do Ocean Awareness Contest and River of Words have in common? A. They have the same closing date. B. Winners can get their works issued. C. Students don’t have to pay an entry fee. D. The age limit for applicants is the same. 3. Who can participate in the YoungArts Competition? A. Nancy, a college graduate majoring in literature. B. Kevin, a 12-year-old English boy studying music. C. Adam, a high school freshman who excels at sports. D. Mary, a 16-year-old American girl who loves writing. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了四个适合高中生参加的写作比赛。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Scholastic Art and Writing Awards部分中“Deadline: Varies between December and January, depending on your region(截止日期：根据你所在的地区，从12月到1月不等)”可知，这个比赛参赛作品的提交截止日期依地区而定，不是固定的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二个和第三个比赛部分中“Fee: None(费用：免费)”可知，这两个比赛的共同之处在于参赛的学生都不用交报名费。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据YoungArts Competition部分中“Applicants must be 15- to 18-year-old US citizens or permanent residents, or in grades 10 through 12 at the time of submission.(申请人必须是15至18岁的美国公民或永久居民，或在提交时在10至12年级)”可知，16岁喜欢写作的美国女孩Mary符合该要求。故选D项。 B Nuclear expert Peng Shilu once said that he only did two things in his entire life: one was to build nuclear submarines (核潜艇), and the other to build nuclear power plants. Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (化工机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. At that time, the central government decided to select a group of outstanding students studying abroad to transfer to the atomic (原子的) energy major. Peng willingly agreed, marking the beginning of his lifelong commitment to developing China’s nuclear power. In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. Appointed as the director-in-chief, Peng once again devoted himself to its preparation and construction. During his career, Peng held a variety of high-ranking titles. In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, one of the top academic bodies in China. Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 at the age of 96. The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. 4. What does the author suggest in the first paragraph? A. Peng took interest in nothing but nuclear power. B. Peng was actually a very modest person. C. Peng played a tiny role in building nuclear power plants. D. Peng was the most vital figure in the nuclear field. 5. What does the underlined part in the 2nd paragraph mean? A. Focus on. B. Know about. C. Turn to. D. Research into. 6. How does the author develop the passage? A. By following the time order. B. By showing the great importance. C. By providing some similar examples. D. By explaining the process of research. 7. Which of the following is the proper title for the passage? A. A National Celebration for a Nuclear Scientist B. Peng Shilu’s Work on Nuclear Submarines and Plants C. The Nation’s Mourning for a Nuclear Expert D. A Lifetime of Devotion to China’s Nuclear Power 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄院士的生平事迹和重要贡献 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Despite being one of the founding members of China’s nuclear power industry, Peng described himself as playing a tiny role in the task. (尽管彭是中国核电工业的奠基人之一，但他说自己在这项任务中发挥的作用很小)”可推知，彭士禄院士是一个非常谦虚的人。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“Peng was selected to study chemical machinery (化工机械) in the Soviet Union. In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. (彭被选派到苏联学习化工机械。1956年，当他即将毕业时，他面临着人生的转折点)”和下文“the atomic (原子的) energy major (原子能专业)”可知，彭面临的转折点是放弃自己原来的专业，改学原子能专业，turn to表示“转向”，与划线部分意义一致。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段引出文章的主题，再结合第二段中“Peng was born in 1925 into a family of heroes. (彭于1925年出生在一个英雄家庭)”、“In 1956, when he was about to graduate, he faced a turning point in his life. (1956年，当他即将毕业时，他面临着人生的转折点)”、第三段中“In 1958, China started to independently develop its own nuclear submarines, and Peng was appointed to take charge of the research and design of the nuclear propulsion system. In the 1980s, China decided to build a commercial nuclear power plant. (1958年，中国开始独立研制自己的核潜艇，彭被任命负责核动力推进系统的研究和设计。在20世纪80年代，中国决定建造一座商业核电站)”、第四段中“In 1994, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (1994年他当选为中国工程院院士)”和最后一段中“Peng passed away in Beijing on March 22, 2021 (彭于2021年3月22日在北京去世)”可推知，文章按照时间顺序讲述彭士禄院士的生平。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“In fact, he held leading positions in most of China’s early nuclear power projects, from the first-generation nuclear submarines to the establishment of Dayawan and Qinshan nuclear power stations. (事实上，从第一代核潜艇到大亚湾和秦山核电站建设，他在中国早期的大部分核电项目中都担任领导职务)”和最后一段中“The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee awarded the title “Role Model of the Times” to Peng for his contributions. (中共中央宣传部授予他“时代楷模”称号，以表彰他的贡献)”可知，文章讲述了中国著名的核动力专家彭士禄的事迹，尤其体现了彭士禄为祖国发展所做的贡献。由此可知，D项“毕生奉献中国核能事业”最契合彭士禄的人物事迹和贡献，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 C Several studies show communication skills are the most important skills for American adults. They are often taught through Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) programs, which encourage student involvement (参与), offered in K-12 schools in 27 states. But they are also a by-product of theater classes, according to a recent study. The study followed children aged 5 to 18 over six years and found increases in communication skills across ages. The longer the kids spent on the theater classes, the more they gained in 21st-century skills, like communication, creativity, imagination, and problem solving, says Thalia Goldstein, the study’s co-author. Theater involves different learning —getting up on your feet to take in information, rather than sitting at a desk. “When you put something in your body, it lasts longer, and you remember it longer,” says Kathryn Dawson, associate professor of theater at the University of Texas at Austin. Theater provides an awareness of space. And it enables more than expressions with words. For children with autism (孤独症), theater techniques increase eye attention and inspire conversation. This is where the arts level the playing field for children of different abilities; they can participate in meaningful ways where language is not a necessary skill. Sara Williams, Charlotte’s mother, cites theater as the foundation (基础) for her daughter’s self-awareness. Charlotte began drama classes at age 5. At 13, she is not afraid to speak publicly or join the student council; she listens and has confidence. “Kids go to these classes and come home feeling excited, like they have achieved something.” Williams says. And not just the outgoing kids — for the shy, theater opens them up. A theater class provides a supportive environment, free from unkind judgment. You can keep your personality, and unlike in sports, you’re not competing with anyone. “Theater is about telling stories. It is one of the best ways to help young people get to know themselves,” Dawson says. 8. What does the recent study find out? A. Theater classes contribute greatly to children’s social skills. B. Communication skills matter to children’s development. C. Theater classes are more effective than SEL programs. D. Children’s interest in theater classes changes with age. 9. How does Kathryn Dawson explain the impact of theater learning? A. It focuses on improving one’s artistic skills. B. It raises children’s awareness of confidence. C. It strengthens a sense of community among children. D. It promotes active learning through physical involvement. 10. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A Theater techniques are based on language learning. B. Theater experiences help practise competitive skills. C. Theater techniques benefit a wide range of children. D. Theater classes can be unsuitable for outside children. 11. What can theater bring to shy children according to the example? A. A means of gaining an understanding of others. B. A comfortable space for self-expression. C. A gateway to discovering hidden talents. D. A chance to accept your disadvantages. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。 文章主要介绍了戏剧课程对提升美国儿童的沟通能力及其他21世纪技能的积极作用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But they are also a by-product of theater classes, according to a recent study. The study followed children aged 5 to 18 over six years and found increases in communication skills across ages.(但根据最近的一项研究，戏剧课也能带来沟通技巧的提升。 这项研究对5岁至18岁的儿童进行了为期六年的跟踪调查，发现各个年龄段的孩子在沟通技巧方面都有所提高。)”可知，最近的研究表明戏剧课对孩子们的沟通能力有很大的促进作用。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段““When you put something in your body, it lasts longer, and you remember it longer,” says Kathryn Dawson, associate professor of theater at the University of Texas at Austin.(德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的戏剧副教授Kathryn Dawson说：“当你把一些东西放进你的身体里时，它会持续更长时间，你记住的时间也更长。”)”可知，Kathryn Dawson认为戏剧学习通过身体的参与来促进积极的学习。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For children with autism (孤独症), theater techniques increase eye attention and inspire conversation. This is where the arts level the playing field for children of different abilities; they can participate in meaningful ways where language is not a necessary skill.(对于自闭症儿童来说，戏剧技巧可以增加眼睛的注意力，激发对话。在这里，艺术为不同能力的孩子提供了公平的竞争环境；在语言不是必要技能的地方，他们可以以有意义的方式参与。)”可知，从第三段我们可以推断出戏剧技巧使广泛的儿童群体受益。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“And not just the outgoing kids — for the shy, theater opens them up. A theater class provides a supportive environment, free from unkind judgment. You can keep your personality, and unlike in sports, you’re not competing with anyone.(不仅仅是外向的孩子，对于害羞的孩子来说，戏剧敞开了他们的心扉。戏剧课提供了一个支持性的环境，没有不友善的评判。你可以保持你的个性，而且不像在体育运动中，你不用和任何人竞争。)”可知，根据所举例子，戏剧能给害羞的孩子带来一个舒适的自我表达的空间。故选B。 D DeepSeek-R1, a new AI model developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek, has rocked the AI industry around the world. Open to the public on Jan. 20, it quickly beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and topped the Apple’s App Store by Jan. 27. According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power. The report on its earlier V3 model showed that DeepSeek is the least expensive among large language models. It costs about 5.57 million US dollars (about 40. 58 million yuan) to make it. Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in R1’s training. Different from traditional methods such as CoT (思维链) and SFT (监督微调), DeepSeek uses RL (强化学习) as the main training method. While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data, R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. The AI industry’s development has long depended on making computing power bigger. “By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure, DeepSeek may change the AI field,” pointed out the US bank Morgan Stanley. “Bigger is no longer always smarter,” said the bank. What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source. Everyone is free to the model’s code (代码) and makes changes to suit their own needs. “We won’t choose closed-source,” said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge, building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. “That is the power of open research,” Meta’s chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. 12. What is the great advantage of DeepSeek-R1? A. Its completely new design. B. Its top position in the App Store. C. Its powerful and cost-efficient performance. D. Its development by a Chinese company. 13. What is the main purpose of paragraph 3? A. To show its advantage in dealing with difficult tasks. B. To present the business applications of DeepSeek-R1. C. To emphasize the limitations of traditional AI training methods. D. To introduce the innovative approach that leads to lower expense. 14. What does the underlined word “highlights” in the last paragraph mean? A. illustrate B. stress C. lightspot D. sign 15. Which word best describes the author’s attitude towards the development of DeepSeek-R1? A. Critical B. Concerned C. Advocatory D. Disapproving 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国公司DeepSeek开发的新AI模型DeepSeek-R1，包括其优势、训练方法以及开源特性等，展现了其对AI行业的重大影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power. (据 DeepSeek 称，在诸如数学运算和自然语言推理等任务中，该模型的表现与像 OpenAI 这样的大型公司的领先模型相当。但它的成本要低得多，所需的计算资源也少得多。)”可知，DeepSeek - R1在数学和自然语言推理等任务上的表现与大公司的领先模型相当，但它更便宜且消耗的计算能力更少，这体现了它性能强大且成本效益高的优势。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。第三段开头提到“Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in R1’s training. (成本降低的背后是 R1 培训中引入了一项新的理念。)”以及“While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data, R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. (虽然 CoT依赖于逐步推理，而 SFT则依赖于大量数据，但 R1 能以一种自然的方式培养推理能力，因此更适合处理复杂且不断变化的任务。)”可知，本段主要介绍了低成本的背后是R1训练的重大创新——相比于传统的方法，R1 能以一种自然的方式培养推理能力处理复杂且不断变化的任务。故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“‘We won’t choose closed-source,’ said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge; building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. (“我们不会选择闭源模式，” DeepSeek公司的创始人梁文锋说道。他强调了分享知识的重要性；即构建一个健康的领域，并推动技术的发展。)”可知，梁文锋说不会选择闭源，因此他强调分享知识、构建健康领域和助力技术进步很重要，这里“highlights”应该是强调、突出这些事情的重要性。B选项“stress (强调)”与划线词意思相近。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. (据 DeepSeek 称，在诸如数学运算和自然语言推理等任务中，该模型的表现与像 OpenAI 这样的大型公司的领先模型相当。)”以及最后一段中““We won’t choose closed-source,” said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge; building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. “That is the power of open research, ” Meta’s chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. (“我们不会选择闭源模式，”DeepSeek公司的创始人梁文锋说道。他强调了分享知识的重要性；即构建一个健康的领域，并推动技术的进步。“这就是开放研究的力量，”Meta公司的首席AI科学家扬·勒坎也表示赞同。)”以及通读全文可知，文章整体介绍了DeepSeek-R1的优势，如性能强大、成本低、训练方法创新、开源等，还引用了摩根斯坦利和Meta首席AI科学家对其的肯定。可以看出作者对DeepSeek-R1的发展是持支持、倡导的态度的。C选项“Advocatory (倡导的)”符合作者态度。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） Sitting back as you drive Imagine this: You jump into a car on a weekend morning, and it takes you wherever you want to go — no directions needed. When it drops you off, it heads home on its own, so you don't need to worry about parking. That's what self-driving cars can do. Self-driving cars are becoming an increasingly discussed topic in the world of transportation. ____16____ They can sense their environment and move without a human driver actively controlling them. However, the degree of human involvement varies depending on the level of driving automation. At higher levels of automation, a human passenger may not need to take control at all, and in some cases, may not even need to be in the vehicle. ____17____ For instance, in fully autonomous cars, the vehicle can handle all aspects of driving, from starting up to parking, without any human input. On the other hand, at lower levels, human intervention (干预) might still be necessary. ____18____ It takes a great deal of time and resources to develop this technology. As Wired magazine reported, it's not just a simple gadget (工具). Instead, it's a complex system, a collection of inventions applied in a novel way, and is shaped by factors like the growth of the road network and the availability of gasoline. The strengths of self-driving cars are quite promising. ____19____ A US government data shows that driver error or behavior is a factor in 94 percent of crashes. So, automation could significantly reduce road accidents. The self-driving car industry is attracting a lot of attention from big companies. Many well-known companies worldwide, such as Baidu and Tesla, have already entered the self-driving car industry. Research from Goldman Sachs, a global investment bank, suggests that self-driving cars will make up 10 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030. ____20____ A. Developing self-driving cars is no easy task. B Self-driving cars have been a dream for many people for a long time. C. This new type of vehicle represents a major shift in the way we travel. D. This indicates the self-driving car market has great potential in the future. E. It means that people are doubtful about the development of self-driving cars. F. One of the most significant benefits is the potential to reduce traffic accidents. G. These cars are designed to handle a wide range of driving situations independently. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的功能、发展现状以及其潜在的优势和市场前景。 【16题详解】 根据下文“They can sense their environment and move without a human driver actively controlling them. (它们可以感知周围环境，并在没有人类驾驶员主动控制的情况下移动)”可推知，此处讲述自动驾驶汽车可以自动驾驶，无需人类驾驶员，因此推断G项“这些汽车被设计成能够独立处理各种各样的驾驶情况。”符合语境，解释自动驾驶汽车能够独立处理各种驾驶情况，无需人类驾驶员。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据前文“At higher levels of automation, a human passenger may not need to take control at all, and in some cases, may not even need to be in the vehicle.(在更高水平的自动化下，人类乘客可能完全不需要控制，甚至在某些情况下不需要在车内)”和下文的举例“For instance, in fully autonomous cars, the vehicle can handle all aspects of driving, from starting up to parking, without any human input.(例如，在全自动驾驶汽车中，车辆可以处理驾驶的所有方面，从启动到停车，无需任何人工输入)”可知，此处讲述了高水平的自动驾驶汽车的情况，因此推断C项“这种新型交通工具代表了我们旅行方式的重大转变。”符合语境，说明这种高水平的自动驾驶汽车代表了出行方式的重大转变。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据下文“It takes a great deal of time and resources to develop this technology. (开发这项技术需要大量的时间和资源)”可推知，此处讲述自动驾驶技术耗费时间和资源，因此推断A项“开发自动驾驶汽车并非易事。”符合语境，说明开发自动驾驶汽车是困难的。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The strengths of self-driving cars are quite promising.(自动驾驶汽车的优势是相当有前途的)”和下文“A US government data shows that driver error or behavior is a factor in 94 percent of crashes. (美国政府数据显示，驾驶员错误或行为是94%事故的原因) ”可推知，此处讲述了自动驾驶汽车的未来充满希望，人工驾驶员错误的行为是交通事故的主要原因，因此推断F项“最重要的好处之一是有可能减少交通事故。”符合语境，说明自动驾驶汽车最显著的优势之一是减少交通事故的潜力。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Research from Goldman Sachs, a global investment bank, suggests that self-driving cars will make up 10 percent of new vehicle sales by 2030. (全球投资银行高盛的研究表明，到2030年，自动驾驶汽车将占新车销量的10%) ”可推知，此处讲述了自动驾驶汽车的市场占比还很小，因此推断D项“这预示着未来自动驾驶汽车市场的巨大潜力。”符合语境，承接上文，表明自动驾驶汽车市场在未来具有巨大潜力。故选D。 第二部分 语言运用（共四节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me ____21____ that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our ____22____ so we know where we are from. That day I ____23____ decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder ____24____ in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a ____25____ scientist in the future. One of my ____26____ in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her ____27____ as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was ____28____ to that research for the rest of her life. If I am lucky and given the ____29____ to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She ____30____ something that helped the other scientists ____31____ the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation. I know I will be able to achieve my ____32____ as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my ____33____ with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as ____34____ as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the ____35____ to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist. 21. A. doubt B. realize C. wonder D. value 22. A. school B. origin C. growth D. study 23. A. easily B. hardly C. partly D. firmly 24. A. especially B. possibly C. properly D. separately 25. A. happy B. popular C. careful D. real 26. A. experiences B. persuasions C. inspirations D. generations 27. A. career B. attempt C. praise D. science 28. A. devoted B. invited C. linked D. attached 29. A. reason B. freedom C. right D. opportunity 30. A. heard B. expected C. discovered D. awarded 31. A. set out B. figure out C. stick out D. take out 32. A. fame B. reward C. dream D. stage 33. A. information B. decision C. light D. fortune 34. A. bright B. capable C. proud D. brave 35. A. lesson B. mind C. present D. heart 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过实验认识到科学教给我们环境中的多米诺效应，并决定成为科学家。她的榜样是1983年获得诺贝尔医学奖的芭芭拉·麦克林托克，希望自己能和她一样做出有益的发现。她会坚持努力，将来会与有志青年分享幸运。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应。A. doubt怀疑；B. realize意识到；C. wonder想知道；D. value重视。根据前文“That experiment”以及后文“science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment.”结合选项可知，“实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应”符合语境，引发后文让作者决定成为科学家。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它告诉人们我们的起源，这样我们就知道我们来自哪里。A. school学校；B. origin起源；C. growth增长；D. study学习。根据后文“we know where we are from”可知，让我们知道我们来自哪里，所以是告诉我们起源。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天，我坚定地决定成为一名科学家，这将是我一生中最大的抱负。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. partly部分地；D. firmly坚定地。根据后文“Ever since that day I have studied harder 　　　　4　　　　 in all my science-related subjects.”可知，作者更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上，所以是坚定的想成为一名科学家。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上。A. especially特别；B. possibly可能；C. properly适当地；D. separately分别地。根据前文“That day I 　　　　3　　　　 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定的想成为一名科学家，所以他特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上会更努力地学习。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。A. happy快乐的；B. popular流行的；C. careful小心；D. real真正的。根据前文“That day I 　　　　3　　　　 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定地决定成为一名科学家，所以是做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为科学家的灵感之一来自芭芭拉·麦克林托克。A. experiences经历；B. persuasions说服；C. inspirations灵感；D. generations代。根据后文“achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock”可知，作者想成为像芭芭拉·麦克林托克博士那样的人，所以是作者成为科学家的灵感之一。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A. career事业；B. attempt企图；C. praise赞扬；D. science科学。根据后文“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics”可知，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者应是她的事业。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A. devoted奉献；B. invited邀请；C. linked联系；D. attached把…附。根据后文“the rest of her life”结合选项，应是“将她的余生献给了这项研究”符合语境，be devoted to为固定搭配意为“献身于”。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我很幸运，有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负，我想成为麦克林托克博士那样的人。A. reason原因；B. freedom自由；C. right正确；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“If I am lucky and given”以及后文“to achieve my ambition as a scientist”可知，此处是作者在做假设，根据选项，应是“有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负”符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A. heard听到；B. expected预期；C. discovered发现；D. awarded奖励。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，而根据常识，获奖是因为发现了一些东西。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A set out出发；B. figure out理解，弄清楚；C. stick out伸出；D. take out除掉。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，所以她发现的东西应是帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，才能获奖。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我把我的心和毅力投入其中，我就能实现我的梦想。A. fame名声；B. reward奖励；C. dream梦想；D. stage阶段。根据后文“I put my heart and perseverance into it.”可知，作者把心和毅力投入其中，是为了实现成为科学家的梦想。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我幸运地实现了我的目标，我将与所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享我的好运。A. information信息；B. decision决定；C. light光线；D. fortune好运。根据前文“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”可知，此处是说作者如果好运成为了科学家，他也会愿意把自己的好运分享给所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来会像夜空中的星星一样明亮。A. bright明亮的；B. capable有能力；C. proud自豪的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“the stars in the night sky”可知，像星星一样，应该是明亮的。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的未来还很遥远，但我会充分利用现在的一切来实现我成为一名科学家的最大抱负。A. lesson课程；B. mind大脑；C. present现在；D. heart心脏。根据前文“My future is still far”可知，作者的未来还很遥远，所以作者应是利用现在的一切来实现她的梦想。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Taihu Lake, China’s third-largest freshwater lake, has reached its best water quality in 30 years, ____36____ reflects China’s efforts in environmental protection alongside economic growth. Despite a population increase of nearly 7 million and a 3.6-fold economic expansion since 2007, the ____37____ (lake) water quality has improved from Grade V to Ⅲ. Restoring large lakes that suffer from eutrophication (富营养化) is ____38____ global challenge, but the experience of Taihu Lake has proved that it is possible. In the past two decades, around 55 million cubic meters of silt (淤泥) ____39____ (remove). In 2024, the intelligent dredging (清淤) ship Taihu Star began operation, ____40____ (process) up to 5,000 cubic meters daily. Jiangsu has carried out a range of pollution control measures. It has shut down or restructured nearly 60,000 polluting factories. 190 wetland conservation areas have been established. In September 2024, an intelligent online platform was launched ____41____ (monitor) water quality. Last summer, the blue-green algae growth area and the density dropped ____42____ (significant). The environmental measures have driven industrial transformation. In 2024, high-tech industries accounted ____43____ over half of the total output of industrial firms above the designated size in three cities of Jiangsu: Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. “The Taihu Lake experience shows that with proper policies and strong ____44____ (commit), lakes can be restored and economic development can go hand in hand with ____45____ (ecology) protection,” said an official of Jiangsu’s Department of Ecology and Environment. 【答案】36. which 37. lake’s 38. a 39. has been removed 40. processing 41. to monitor 42. significantly 43. for 44. commitment 45. ecological 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太湖水质30年来首次达到最佳状态，反映了中国在经济发展同时兼顾环境保护的努力。 【36题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：太湖作为中国第三大淡水湖，其水质达到30年来最佳水平，这反映了中国在经济增长同时保护环境的努力。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中作主语，用which引导从句，故填which。 【37题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：尽管自2007年以来人口增加了近700万，经济扩张了3.6倍，但太湖的水质从V级提高到了Ⅲ级。此处表示“太湖的水质”，应用名词所有格lake’s修饰water quality。故填lake’s。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：恢复遭受富营养化的大型湖泊是一项全球性挑战，但太湖的经验证明这是可能的。此处泛指“一项全球性挑战”，global以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去的二十年里，大约有5500万立方米的淤泥被清除。主语silt和谓语动词remove之间是被动关系，根据时间状语In the past two decades可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，助动词用has。故填has been removed。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2024年，智能清淤船“太湖之星”开始运行，每天可处理多达5000立方米的淤泥。本句已有谓语动词began，所以process为非谓语形式，和逻辑主语the intelligent dredging (清淤) ship Taihu Star之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作状语。故填processing。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2024年9月，一个监测水质的智能在线平台上线。本句已有谓语动词was launched，所以monitor用非谓语形式，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to monitor。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：去年夏天，蓝藻生长面积和密度显著下降。此处修饰动词dropped，应用副词significantly作状语。故填significantly。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：2024年，在江苏的苏州、无锡和常州三个城市，高科技产业占规模以上工业企业总产值的比重超过一半。短语account for，含义为“（在数量、比例上）占”，是固定短语。故填for。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：江苏省生态环境厅的一位官员表示：“太湖的经验表明，只要有适当的政策和强有力的承诺，湖泊可以得到恢复，经济发展可以与生态保护齐头并进。”此处和proper policies并列，应用名词commitment“承诺”作介词with的宾语，commitment是抽象名词，不可数。故填commitment。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：江苏省生态环境厅的一位官员表示：“太湖的经验表明，只要有适当的政策和强有力的承诺，湖泊可以得到恢复，经济发展可以与生态保护齐头并进。”此处修饰名词protection，应用形容词ecological“生态的”作定语。故填ecological。 第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满 6分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 46. He said sorry to me for making such a foolish mistake and I willingly accepted his ___________ (apologise).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】apology 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他为犯了如此愚蠢的错误向我道歉，我欣然接受了他的道歉。his后跟名词，apologise的名词是apology，意为“道歉”，由his可知，此处用单数。故填apology。 47. Without the teacher’s ___________ (permit), no one is allowed to enter the chemistry lab.  (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】permission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：未经老师许可，任何人不得进入化学实验室。根据空前的“the teacher’s”可知，空处需用名词形式，作介词without的宾语，permit的名词形式为permission，表示“允许”，为不可数名词。故填permission。 48. Please look at your skills ___________ (objective）when deciding on a crucial career change.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】objectively 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在决定重要的职业转变时，请客观地看待自己的技能。空格处用副词来修饰动词短语look at作状语，objective是形容词，意为“客观的”，其副词形式是objectively，意为“客观地”。故填objectively。 49. The students benefiting quite a lot from college are those who totally participate in ___________ (academy) life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】academic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：从大学中获益良多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的人。根据空后名词life可知，此空应是形容词作定语。所给词academy是名词，意为“学术机构”，其形容词为academic，意为“学术的”。故填academic。 50. Tastes and ___________ (prefer) vary from individual to individual.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】preferences 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：品味和喜好因人而异。and并列两个可数名词的复数作为主语，preference意为“偏好”，其复数形式为preferences。故填preferences。 51. When the giant panda hears ___________ (normal) noise, it is often the case that it will immediately escape.  (所给词的适当形式填空)  【答案】abnormal 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当大熊猫听到异常的噪音时，它往往会立即逃跑。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词noise；根据句意“当大熊猫听到异常的噪音时，它往往会立即逃跑”可知，空处表示“异常的”，应使用normal的反义词abnormal，意为“异常的”。故填abnormal。 第四节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 52. ___________(judge) by what he has done, he is determined to take part in the campaign, totally ignoring our advice.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Judging 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他所做的判断，他决心参加这次活动，完全无视我们的劝告。句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，judge在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且judging by/from为固定用法，意为“根据……判断”，位于句首时，首字母要大写。故填Judging。 53. Many farmers are ___________ (oppose) to the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】opposed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多农民反对这项计划，因为他们担心狼会杀死他们的家畜或宠物。oppose是动词，表示“反对”，其形容词为opposed，短语be opposed to表示“反对”，符合句意。故填opposed。 54. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a ___________ (warn) to your phone.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】warning 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你开始出现睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发出警告。a后跟名词的单数，warn的名词是warning，意为“警告”。故填warning。 55. In its history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got ___________ (stick).  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stuck 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在历史上，芝加哥经常遭遇洪水，尤其是在春季。洪水使得街道泥泞不堪，行人、马匹和马车都陷在了里面。句中“got”为系动词，“get + 过去分词”是固定结构，表被动含义，此处stick的过去分词为stuck，“got stuck”意为“被困住、陷住”，符合语境。故填stuck。 56. ___________ (boil) with brown sugar and ginger, fruits can be enjoyed better by teenagers as a fashionable drink. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Boiled 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：水果加红糖和生姜煮过后，作为一种时尚饮品，更受青少年喜爱。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语。主语fruits与boil之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词boiled表被动，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Boiled。 57. ___________ (found) in 1949, the People’s Republic of China is the third country in the world to send man into space.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Founded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中华人民共和国成立于1949年，是世界上第三个将人类送入太空国家。句中is为谓语动词，found在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the People’s Republic of China构成被动关系，表示“被建立”，故用过去分词作状语，且句首单词首字母要大写。故填Founded。 58. She was not satisfied with his explanation and intended ___________ (persuade) the matter further.  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to persuade 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：她对他的解释不满意，打算进一步说服他处理这件事。固定搭配intend to do sth表示“打算做某事”。故填to persuade。 第五节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 阅读下面句子，根据中文提示从方框内选择合适的短语，在空白处填入该短语的正确形式。 59. He spent the whole morning _________ that every detail of the schedule was perfect. 60. _________ the famous actor stepped onto the stage and waved to his fans, the entire theater burst into excited cheers. 61. Her decision to establish a new company was made _________ a careful market analysis and financial forecast. 62. Ignoring all the warnings from his teachers, _________, he received a failing grade. 63. The constant use by heavy trucks has caused significant _________ on the surface of this road. 64. _________, his unique method was correct because it provided a clear solution to the problem. 65. I discovered this rare book _________ in a small, dusty box at the back of the old shop. 【答案】59. making sure 60. The instant 61. on the basis of 62. as a consequence 63. wear and tear 64. In a sense 65. by chance 【解析】 【59题详解】 考查固定短语和动名词。句意：他花了整个上午的时间来确保日程安排的每一个细节都是完美的。由“every detail of the schedule was perfect”可知，句子表示“他花了整个上午的时间来确保日程安排的每一个细节都是完美的”，空格处意为“确保”，是固定短语make sure，spend some time doing sth.是固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语。故填making sure。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：那位著名演员一走上舞台向他的粉丝挥手，整个剧院就爆发出热烈的欢呼声。由“the famous actor stepped onto the stage and waved to his fans, the entire theater burst into excited cheers”可知，句子表示“那位著名演员一走上舞台向他的粉丝挥手，整个剧院就爆发出热烈的欢呼声”，空格处意为“一……就……”，是the instant，引导时间状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填The instant。 【61题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她成立一家新公司的决定是在仔细的市场分析和财务预测的基础上做出的。由“a careful market analysis and financial forecast”可知，句子表示“她成立一家新公司的决定是在仔细的市场分析和财务预测的基础上做出的”，空格处意为“在……的基础上”，是固定短语on the basis of。故填on the basis of。 【62题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：他不顾老师的警告，结果只得了不及格。由“he received a failing grade”可知，句子表示“他不顾老师的警告，结果只得了不及格”，空格处意为“结果”，是固定短语as a consequence。故填as a consequence。 【63题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：重型卡车的不断使用使这条路的表面磨损严重。由“The constant use by heavy trucks”可知，句子表示“重型卡车的不断使用使这条路的表面磨损严重”，空格处意为“磨损”，是固定短语wear and tear。故填wear and tear。 【64题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：从某种意义上说，他独特的方法是正确的，因为它为问题提供了一个明确的解决方案。由“his unique method was correct because it provided a clear solution to the problem”可知，句子表示“从某种意义上说，他独特的方法是正确的，因为它为问题提供了一个明确的解决方案”，空格处意为“从某种意义上说”，是固定短语in a sense，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填In a sense。 【65题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我在旧店后面一个满是灰尘的小盒子里偶然发现了这本珍本。由“I discovered this rare book”可知，句子表示“我在旧店后面一个满是灰尘的小盒子里偶然发现了这本珍本”，空格处意为“偶然”，是固定短语by chance。故填by chance。 第三部分 写作（满分20分） 66. 随着人工智能应用DeepSeek的火爆，越来越多的学生频繁利用人工智能应用辅助完成作业。你校英语报正在开展关于该现象的讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.人工智能软件辅助完成作业的利弊； 2.你的看法和建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Rational Use of AI for Homework As AI apps like DeepSeek become popular, more students turn to them for homework help. This phenomenon has sparked widespread discussion. Some students believe that AI software has advantages. It rapidly provides accurate data and varied viewpoints, simplifying complex ideas. Yet, others think drawbacks exist. Over-reliance may hinder independent thinking. Constant use for assignments can weaken problem-solving and critical-thinking abilities. In my viewpoint, students should use AI rationally as a supplement. When stuck, seek hints from AI but solve problems alone. Teachers should guide proper use and design creative homework to reduce AI dependence, which enables students to benefit from AI-learning integration. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学生频繁利用人工智能应用辅助完成作业这一现象，探讨人工智能软件辅助完成作业的利弊，写一篇短文给校英语报社投稿，其中提出自己的看法和建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 优点：advantages→ merits/strengths 缺点：drawbacks→ disadvantages/shortcomings 阻碍：hinder→obstruct/block 理性的：rationally→reasonably 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In my viewpoint, students should use AI rationally as a supplement.  拓展句：In my viewpoint, what students should do is to use AI rationally as a supplement. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It rapidly provides accurate data and varied viewpoints, simplifying complex ideas.(运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Teachers should guide proper use and design creative homework to reduce AI dependence, which enables students to benefit from AI-learning integration.(运用which引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $