Unit 5 Section Ⅳ-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册创新导学案Word（人教版）

英语　必修 第一册 RJ Section Ⅳ　Reading for Writing & Assessing Your Progress 一、阅读单词 1．vocabulary n. 词汇 2．description n. 描写(文字)；形容 二、核心单词 1．equal n. 同等的人；相等物　adj. 相同的；同样的 2．demand n. 要求；需求　vt. 强烈要求；需要　vi. 查问 三、拓展单词(可查字典) relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 有关系的，有关联的→relation n. 关系；联系；亲属→relationship n. 关系；关联；血缘关系→relative adj. 相对的　n. 亲戚，亲属 四、熟词生义 gap 熟义：n. 间隔；开口；差距 生义：n. 分歧；隔阂；空白；漏洞；豁口 五、核心短语 relate__to 与……相关；涉及；谈到 六、构词法 Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词 de­ 分离；向下；破坏 despite,__decide, depress, deliver, describe ­ive 有……属性的 native,__positive, creative, relative, active ­ate 使成为 appreciate,__accelerate, differentiate, frustrate, abbreviate ­ment 行为；过程或结果 apartment,__development, movement, advertisement, government ­ence 性质；行为；状态 reference,__absence, confidence, competence, insistence 课文三维剖析 Learning English 学习英语 Wang Le 王乐 Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with learning English1？ 嗨，大家好，请问你们在学习英语时遇到的最大问题是什么？ Liu Wen 刘文 Hi! I've been studying2 English since primary school3. I used to get high marks in English, but4 now I'm having5 a lot of trouble with my listening6. When7 I listen to native English speakers talking in a video8, I can catch only a few words. I can never quite get the main idea. Any advice? 你好！我从小学就一直在学英语。以前我的英语成绩还挺好的，但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。我在视频中听母语是英语的人说话时，只能听懂几个单词。我从来就没能完全搞懂过大意。有什么建议吗？ Jia Xin 佳欣 Listening to English radio programmes9 helps me get used to how10 fast native speakers talk. I also repeat what11 I hear to help myself to experience12 the feeling of the language13. Sometimes I even record my　 voice so14 I can listen to myself and compare my pronunciation with the radio host's! My biggest headache is how to be polite in English15. It's so much easier to just say16 “Open the window！”， but17 in English that18 can sound really terrible. I have to think about who19 I'm talking to and then decide whether to say20, “Open the window, please！” or “Could you open the window, please？” or even longer “Would you mind opening21 the window, please？” 收听英语广播节目帮助我习惯母语人士的语速。我还会复述听到的内容，以此来培养语感。有时候，我甚至还给自己录音，那样一来，我可以听自己的发音，并把我的发音与广播主持人的进行比较！我最头痛的问题是如何用英语得体地表达。说“打开窗户！”很容易，可是在英语里，这样说听起来感觉很糟糕。我得考虑到我在跟谁说话，然后再决定是说“请打开窗户！”还是“请你打开窗户，好吗？”或者说句更长的“请问，您介意打开窗户吗？” Li Rui 李瑞 Yeah, that's really hard! I think it all depends on who22 you're talking to. If23 I'm talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like24 “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. But if25 I'm talking to someone who26 isn't very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e．g., “Could you open the window, please？” If27 I'm talking to someone senior to me, then I should say, “Would you mind opening the window28, please？” For me, vocabulary is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! I can't keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head29, and I certainly can't remember how to use them all properly30. HELP！ 是啊，这真的很难！我觉得这完全取决于你在跟谁说话。如果我是跟一个亲密的朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，如“打开窗户”，这是因为我们关系密切，彼此平等，因此我只需说几个字，就能消除我们之间的距离。但是，如果我是跟不太亲近的人说话，那么我就得把我的请求说得长一些——我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求，例如：“麻烦你打开窗户，好吗？”如果我是在跟一个辈分或职位比我高的人说话，那么我得说：“请问，您是否介意打开窗户呢？”对我来说，词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了！我无法在脑子里记住所有的生词，当然也就记不住如何恰当地使用这些词汇。帮帮我吧！ 1 介词短语作后置定语 2 现在完成进行时 3 介词短语作时间状语 4 连接两个并列句 5 现在进行时 6 介词短语作后置定语 7 引导时间状语从句 8 现在分词短语作宾语补足语 9 动名词短语作主语 10 引导宾语从句 11 引导宾语从句 12 不定式作宾语补足语 13 介词短语作后置定语 14 连接两个并列句 15 “疑问词＋不定式”结构作表语 16 不定式作主语 17 连接两个并列句 18 指代“Open_the_window！” 19 引导宾语从句 20 “疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语 21 固定搭配mind doing sth意为“介意做某事” 22 引导宾语从句 23 引导条件状语从句 24 举例子 25 引导条件状语从句 26 引导定语从句 27 引导条件状语从句 28 动名词短语作宾语 29 介词短语作宾语补足语 30 “疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语 阅读领悟 一、完成导图，理解课文结构 二、问题链(答案不唯一) 1．If you have trouble in doing something, do you choose to post it in a public place, like the Internet? Why? It__depends.__Posting__it__online__can__offer__diverse__perspectives__and__solutions,__but__privacy__and__negative__reactions__are__concerns.__For__sensitive__issues,__a__private__approach__may__be__better. 2．If you have problems to deal with, who do you prefer to turn to for help? Why? I__prefer__to__turn__to__my__close__friends__for__help.__They__understand__me__well__and__can__provide__empathetic__support__and__practical__advice. 探究一　高频词 1.equal n. 同等的人；相等物　adj. 相同的；同样的；胜任的　vt. 等于；相当于；比得上，敌得过(教材P66) →equality n. 均等，平等；相等 →equally adv. (程度)相当地，同样地；平均地，相等地 (1)be without equal＝have no equal 无与伦比；无敌；无比 (2)be equal to ... 胜任……；和……相同/相等 (3)equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过/敌得过某人/物 【语境感知】 ①We looked at each other in silence, each equally shocked. 我们无言地相互对视，每个人都同样震惊。(神态描写) ②He is a player without equal. 他是个无与伦比的运动员。 ③Though I am trying my best, I am not able to equal to the tough task. 尽管我已经尽了最大努力，但我还是无法胜任这个艰难的任务。(求助信) ④Nobody here can equal her in dancing. 在舞蹈方面，这里没有人能比得过她。 【靶向小练】 ①The architecture here is equal to any in the world. ②Diet and exercise are equally (equal) important. ③这两个袋子一样重吗？(equal in) Are__the__two__bags__equal__in__weight? ④努力工作绝不等同于损害健康。(倒装句) By__no__means__is__working__hard__equal__to__damaging__one's__health. 2.demand n. 要求；需求　vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问(教材P66) →demanding adj. 费时费力的；苛刻的，难以满足的 (1)demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that sb (should) do sth 要求某人做某事 sth demands to be done 某事需要被做 (2)in (great) demand 非常需要，广受欢迎 on demand 一经要求 【语境感知】 ①It was a challenging and demanding job, but anyhow he managed to handle it properly. 这是一项具有挑战性和要求很高的工作，但无论如何，他设法妥善处理了。 ②I demand to see the manager for the assistant's rudeness. 由于店员的粗鲁，我要求见经理。 ③She demanded that he return the books he had borrowed from her. 她要求他把从她那里借走的书还回来。 【靶向小练】 ①She demanded to__know (know) the truth behind the rumors. ②The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great demand in this city. ③A crisis like this demands to__be__addressed (address) immediately. ④他妈妈要求他晚饭前完成作业。 His__mother__demanded__that__he__(should)__finish__his__homework__before__dinner. 探究二　拓展词 3.relate vt. 联系；讲述→related adj. 有关系的，有关联的→relation n. 关系；联系；亲属→relationship n. 关系；关联；血缘关系→relative adj. 相对的　n. 亲戚，亲属 【语境感知】 He related that he was not related to this matter, but rather the woman had a relation with it. 他表示自己与此事无关，而这位女士与此事有关系。 【靶向小练】 ①All these points of view are related (relate), in a manner of speaking. ②I have established a good working relationship (relation) with my boss. ③She made a resolution to visit her relatives (relate) more often. ④这所学校与当地社区建立了良好的关系。 The__school__has__established__a__good__relationship__with__the__local__community. 探究三　熟词生义 4.gap [熟义]n. 间隔；开口，差距 [生义]n. 分歧；隔阂；空白；漏洞；豁口 【语境感知】 ①There's a big age gap between them. 他们之间的年龄差距很大。 ②Education can bridge the gap between different cultures. 教育可以弥合不同文化之间的鸿沟。 ③We need more young scientists to fill the talent gap. 我们需要更多的年轻科学家来填补人才缺口。 【靶向小练】 ①There is a hole in the castle wall.汉意：豁口　同义词替换：gap ②我很难记住英语单词，这导致我的词汇量有空白。(求助信) I have difficulty in remembering English words, which__results__in__a__gap_ _in__my__vocabulary． ③两支顶尖队的差距一直在缩小。 The__gap__between__the__two__top__teams__is__closing__all__the__time. Ⅰ.写出单词 1．Reading will increase your vocabulary (词汇)． 2．Leave a gap (间隔) between your car and the next. 3．The old man carved (雕刻) a walking stick from a branch of a tree. 4．Success often comes to those who put in the most effort (努力)． 5．Her positive attitude (态度) towards life inspired everyone around her. 6．The charity event raised money for cancer research. 7．Could you just give us a description of your cat? 8．Despite the heavy rain, the event went on as planned. 9．She has a distinct character that makes her stand out in a crowd. 10．You should treat others properly,__with respect and kindness. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The work demands to__be__completed (complete) as soon as possible. 2．I hope that he proves equal to the challenge. 3．The festival is made up of various cultural activities and traditions. 4．I have trouble with English spelling and pronunciation. 5．I remember the park at which I first saw the beautiful flowers blooming in spring. 6．She reached the turning point where she had to make a decision. 7．It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have. 8．He struggles to__learn (learn) a new language because he has limited time. 9．From my point of view, you must learn to read English words first instead of only being able to spell them. 10．Joining (join) an English language club provides opportunities to interact with native speakers. Ⅲ.语段填词 1．They have a close relation with each other.Their relationship is built on mutual trust and respect. The problems they face are related to their poor communication. (relate) 2．She loves to explore new places.Her recent exploration of the jungle produced many exciting discoveries. (explore) 3．The novel is a classic of English literature. Its theme and style draw deeply from classical sources. (classic) 4．Despite the challenges, she maintained a strong and positive attitude. She found comfort in the strength of her family's support. (strength) 5．The weather in this region varies dramatically between seasons. To adapt to the various conditions, local farmers cultivate a variety of crops. (variety) Ⅳ.翻译 1．Happiness does not always__relate__to__wealth (总是与财富有关). 2．The teacher demands that the students (should)__arrive__at__school__on__time (按时到学校)． 3．Technological advancements are helping to__bridge__the__gap__between__humans_ _and__machines (缩小人与机器之间的差距)． 4．你知道如何有效地记忆新词汇吗？(疑问词＋动词不定式作宾语) Do__you__know__how__to__memorize__new__vocabulary__effectively? 5．我认为他是你可以依赖的人。(定语从句) I__think__he__is__the__man__on__whom__you__can__depend. 课后课时作业 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ A B 难度 ★ ★★★ ★★ Ⅰ　阅读 A The size of the British Isles often leads people to think that the languages spoken in its countries of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are somewhat the same. At first, visitors are often surprised to find that they have difficulty in understanding the accents (口音) and dialects (方言) of certain regions. Even in England there are many different dialects. Experts believe that for most English people, the places they come from are very important to them. Accents are clues to where people were born and where they grew up. Although some people may change the way they speak during their lifetime, most people carry at least some evidence of their accents and dialects throughout their lives. In addition to the regional accents of England, there can also be class difference among the accents. People are often able to make instant and unconscious judgments about a stranger's class by listening to his or her accent. Both the words and the pronunciation of an individual reflect his or her social position. It is agreed that in England, the kind of English spoken by a person plays a leading role that generally is not important in North America. The importance of accents and their cultural and social relationships are well represented in films and on television in Britain. The film My Fair Lady based on George Bernard Shaw's 1912 play Pygmalion is often said to be a wonderful example of how social class and the accent were, and still are, linked in Britain. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。英国不同地区的人说不同的方言，口音不仅表明了他们生长的地区，也体现了他们的社会地位。 1．Most people carry some evidence of their accents and dialects in their lives to ________． A．show they are different from others B．show the places they are from C．change the way they speak D．show they don't like standard English 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Accents are clues to where people were born and where they grew up.”可知，大多数人在生活中带着一些他们的口音和方言是想表明他们来自哪里。故选B。 2．How do people in England know a person's class? A．By speaking to him. B．By guessing. C．By showing something to him. D．By judging from his appearance. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“People are often able to ... her accent.”可推知，英国人通过与一个人交谈(听口音)来判断他的阶层。故选A。 3．Which statement is NOT mentioned according to the passage? A．An Englishman's accent reflects his social position. B．In Britain some films show us the importance of accents. C．The English spoken by a person plays an important role in North America. D．An Englishman's accent is a clue to where he was born and where he grew up. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It is agreed that ... in North America.”可知，在北美，一个人所讲的英语的类型并不重要。故选C。 4．What's the film My Fair Lady about? A．It shows how a boy learned English. B．It is a love story between two lovers with different accents. C．It shows how social class and accent are linked in Britain. D．It shows the relationships between people from different classes. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The film ... linked in Britain.”可知，电影《窈窕淑女》显示了英国社会阶层和口音之间的联系。故选C。 B Some immigrants (外来移民) in the northeastern part of the US, Maine, are learning to lose their accents. They speak English fluently but have a difficult time being understood because they have heavy accents. Nyirabahizi said she left her home and job in Rwanda two years ago, coming to America in hopes of a brighter future. She has a master's degree in computer science and speaks English fluently. She said all of her classes in Rwanda were taught in English, but here she had to learn again because of her accent. She attended a free class to reduce her accent with seven other students. The city of Portland conducted the class and Greenlaw was the teacher. She said immigrants who had reduced their accents had greater success at work. And they could communicate more easily with store workers, teachers, doctors and neighbors. “It's a basic need to be understood，” Greenlaw told the newspaper. “It affects every part of their lives.” Greenlaw began the class by telling students the 44 sounds of the English language. She told the students how the lips and jaws worked to form the sound. She told the students that some American English pronunciation rules didn't make a lot of sense. But she said it was important to learn them if immigrants wanted to be understood by Americans. Losing one's accent is especially important for immigrants who live in Maine. More than 90 percent of the population of Maine are whites. Many people who live in Maine have not heard foreign accents except in movies or on televisions. Greenlaw said some Mainers were impatient with people who spoke English with heavy accents. Her students said some Mainers ignored them or were unfriendly toward them because of their accents. They said this made them less likely to speak. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些居住在美国东北部缅因州的移民正在努力纠正他们的口音以便更好地工作和交流。 5．Why do some immigrants have difficulty making themselves understood? A．Their classes aren't taught in English. B．They don't master English at school. C．They speak English with heavy accents. D．They don't speak English fluently. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They speak English ... have heavy accents.”可知，有些移民很难让别人理解他们，是因为他们说英语口音很重。故选C。 6．Why did Nyirabahizi and other students attend the free class? A．To change their low social positions. B．To hide their identities of immigrants. C．To forget their native languages. D．To help them better work and communicate. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She said immigrants ... doctors and neighbors.”可知，Nyirabahizi (尼拉巴希兹)和其他学生参加免费课程是为了帮助他们更好地工作和交流。故选D。 7．What is some Mainers' attitude toward immigrants with heavy accents? A．Grateful. B．Cold. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，一些缅因州人对说重口音英语的人很不耐烦，或因为他们的口音而忽视他们，或者对他们不友好。由此可推知，一些缅因州人对重口音移民的态度是冷漠的。故选B。 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Immigrants Learn to Change Their Accents B．Immigrants Are Required to Speak Well C．Heavy Accents Cause Failures D．Good English Makes Success 答案：A 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些居住在美国东北部缅因州的移民正在努力纠正他们的口音以便更好地工作和交流。A项(移民学习改变他们的口音)最适合作为文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ　应用文写作 假如你是新华高中的学生李华，近年来全球掀起了学习汉语的热潮。来自美国的Tony也是汉语爱好者，他想在网上招募一名汉语学习伙伴，帮助他提升汉语水平。你对此很感兴趣，请你给Tony写一封信申请成为他的汉语学习伙伴。内容包括： 1．写信目的； 2．个人优势； 3．表达期望。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tony， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [精彩范文] Dear Tony， Learning that you are recruiting a partner to help you learn Chinese, I am writing to recommend myself. I'm Li Hua, a student from Xinhua high school. First of all, I love making friends and helping them with their studies. Besides, I can speak both English and Chinese fluently. More importantly, I like reading books about western and Chinese culture and customs. I think we can help each other make progress. I would appreciate it if you could choose me as your partner. Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua 　单元写作 单元写作——关于英语学习的博客 本单元的写作项目属于应用文写作类别中的“博客”。博客是记叙文的一种，写博客是一种很好的记录灵感和认识自己的方式。本单元主要是写一篇关于英语学习的博客。要求学生总结和反思自己在英语学习中遇到的困难，并积极探索解决方法，然后以博客的文体形式完成写作。 In our daily life, many students tend to ignore the ________ (英语学习问题). Here are some suggestions. Firstly, it is suggested that ________ (建议一) as ________ (原因一). Secondly, ________ (建议二), which ________ (原因二). Last but not least, you can try ________ (建议三) because ________ (原因三)． Hope my suggestions can be helpful. Best wishes. ※开头常用句式 1．I know some students are feeling upset because they are not able to communicate with others effectively in English. 我知道有些学生感到沮丧，因为他们不能用英语有效地与他人交流。 2．I will offer you some tips. 我会给你一些建议。 3．It's my pleasure to share some experience with you about how to improve English. 我很高兴与你们分享一些关于如何提高英语的经验。 ※主体段落常用句式 1．Regularly engaging in English activities such as reading, writing, speaking and listening can significantly enhance your language skills. 定期参加英语活动，如阅读、写作、口语和听力，可以显著提高你的语言技能。 2．First, it is important to take a spoken course, as you'll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. 首先，参加口语课程很重要，因为你可以向老师学习，并与同学们一起练习。 3．Moreover, don't shy away from making mistakes because they are valuable learning opportunities. 此外，不要回避犯错误，因为它们是宝贵的学习机会。 4．Then, it also helps to watch English TV programs and read books, newspapers and magazines in English whenever possible. 然后，只要有可能，看英文电视节目和阅读英文书籍、报纸和杂志也会有所帮助。 5．In my opinion, the best way of learning English is speaking as much as possible. 在我看来，学习英语最好的方法是尽可能多说。 6．Only when you keep all the new vocabulary straight in your head can you use them all properly. 只有当你在脑子里记住所有的生词时，你才能恰当地使用这些词汇。 ※结尾常用句式 1．I hope my English－learning ways are helpful to you. 我希望我的英语学习方法对你有帮助。 2．The above are the simplest and most efficient methods of practicing spoken English. 以上是最简单也是最有效的练习英语口语的方法。 3．Adopting my learning tips, you may improve efficiency in English learning. 采用我的学习技巧，你可以提高英语学习的效率。 假如你是李华，请你就以下几个主要内容，在自己的博客发表一篇关于英语学习的博文。 1．为什么你认为学习英语很有趣？ 2．你如何将英语学习变得有趣？ 3．学习英语给你带来了哪些积极影响？ 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [精彩范文] Hello, my name is Li Hua. I am from China. Today I'd like to talk about something about learning English. English is the most widely used language in the world. In my opinion, learning English is very fun because it offers us a fantastic opportunity to understand different cultures. We can take a variety of steps to make English learning interesting instead of just memorizing words and learning grammar. If you like music, learning English songs will be a good way and it can combine your hobby with English. If you like movies, don't miss English movies. Not only does learning English expand my horizon, but also it makes me more confident and open－minded. 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $