Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册创新导学案Word（人教版）

The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what1 these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any2? Getting to know a little bit about British history3 will help you solve this puzzle.

1　引导宾语从句

2　条件状语从句，为if__there's_

_any__difference的省略形式

3　动名词短语作主语

In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which4 resulted in the full name we have5 today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened6 name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”， which7 means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or8 Great Britain.

4　引导非限制性定语从句

5　省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the full name

6　过去分词作定语，修饰名词name

7　引导非限制性定语从句

8　连接两个并列成分Britain和Great__Britain

The four countries that9 belong to the United Kingdom

9　引导定语从句，修饰先行词

work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as10 the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and11 military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes12. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!

同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，它们也使用同一面国旗。然而，它们之间仍有诸多区别。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰及北爱尔兰实行不同的教育和法律制度。它们也有各自的传统，比如有自己的国庆节和本国菜肴。它们甚至拥有自己的足球队，出征诸如“世界杯”之类的赛事！

The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history. Exploring it can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere13 you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who14 took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. They built the first towns and good roads. Next, the Anglo－Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses15. The Vikings came in the eighth century and left behind lots of new vocabulary, as well as the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well­known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. They had castles built16 all around England, and17 made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so18 many French words slowly entered into the English language.

countries

10　过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句

11　连接两个并列成分currency和military__defence

12　介词短语作定语，修饰名词traditions

13　引导地点状语从句

14　引导定语从句，修饰先行词people

15　省略了关系词that或in__which的定语从句

16　“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构

17　连接两个并列谓语动词had和made

18　连接两个并列分句