Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册创新导学案Word（人教版）

英语　必修 第二册 RJ Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking 一、阅读单词 1．cash n. 现金；金钱 2．database n. 数据库；资料库 3．software n. 软件 4．network n. (互联)网络；网状系统；人际网 vt. 将……连接成网络；联播　vi. 建立工作关系 5．province n. 省 6．conference n. 会议；研讨会；正式会谈 二、核心单词 1．convenient adj. 方便的；近便的 2．update vt. 更新；向……提供最新信息　n. 更新；最新消息 3．stuck adj. 卡住；陷(入)；困(于) 4．surf vt.& vi. 浏览；冲浪 5．benefit n. 益处　vt. 使受益　vi. 得益于 6．inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励；启发思考 7．access n. 通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会　vt. 进入；使用；获取 8．charity n. 慈善；慈善机构(或组织) 9．resident n. 居民；(美国的)住院医生 adj. (在某地)居住的 10．plus conj. 而且；此外　n. 加号；优势　prep. 加；另加 三、拓展单词(可查字典) 1．distance n. 距离→distant adj. 遥远的，久远的；冷淡的 2．tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的→toughness n. 韧性；硬，切不动 四、核心短语 1．keep__sb__company 陪伴某人 2．now__that 既然；由于 3．go__through 经历；度过；通读 课文三维剖析 STRONGER TOGETHER: HOW WE HAVE BEEN CHANGED BY THE INTERNET 团结起来力量大：互联网如何改变了我们 Much has been written1 about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles telling us2 how3 the Internet has made our lives more convenient4. We no longer have to wait in line or5 carry cash around when6 we go shopping. We can get the most updated information from large databases. We can download software, documents, and images7 whenever8 we need them. But the Internet has done much more for people than9 simply make life more convenient. People's lives have been changed by online communities and social networks10. 关于万维网奇妙之处的著述浩如烟海。讲述互联网如何使我们的生活变得更加方便的文章数不胜数。购物的时候，我们不再需要排队等候，也不需要随身携带现金。我们可以从大型数据库中获得最新的信息。在任何需要的时候，我们可以下载软件、文档和图片。然而，互联网为人们做的事情还很多，并不仅仅是让生活变得更加方便而已。在线社区和社交网络已改变了人们的生活。 Jan Tchamani, an English teacher in Birmingham11, UK, suddenly developed a serious illness and12 had to quit her job. At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with13 only her computer to keep her company14. After a while, she discovered that15 surfing the Internet16 could help her feel less lonely and bored. She could listen to music, watch films, play games, and17 explore the world. She also joined an online group where18 she could talk about her problems and get support and19 advice from others. She realised that20 one of the greatest benefits of the Internet was its ability to remove the distance21 that22 usually exists between people. 英国伯明翰的一名英语教师简·夏曼尼突然身患重病，被迫辞去工作。50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。过了一阵子，她发现上网可以帮助她减轻孤独和无聊。她可以听音乐，看电影，玩游戏，探索世界。她还加入了一个在线群组；在群里，她可以谈论自己的问题，获得其他人的支持和建议。她意识到互联网的最大好处之一就是能够消除通常存在于人和人之间的距离感。 She was so inspired by the people she met online that23 she decided to start an IT club to teach older people24 how to use computers25 and26 the Internet. She and her friends now organise events and27 collect money to pay for private teachers. Many people have been helped28 by the club. A 59－year－old man learnt how to apply for work online and found a great job. Now that29 he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university. A 61－year－old woman who30 was living alone has started a small online company together with two friends. She no longer feels lonely, and31 her company has become quite successful. 她受到网友的启发，决定成立一个IT俱乐部来教年长一些的人们学习使用电脑和互联网。如今，她与朋友们一起组织各种活动，并为(俱乐部)私人教师的工资筹集资金。许多人得到了俱乐部的帮助。一位59岁的男子学会了如何在网上申请工作，而且找到了一份不错的工作。由于他有事情可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间上大学了。一位61 岁的独居妇女与两位朋友一起创办了一家小型网络公司。她不再感到孤独，而且她的公司也相当成功。 Jan has started taking online classes32 to learn more33 about how to use the Internet34 to make society better. She believes that35 it36 is highly important to bridge the digital divide and37 make sure that38 everyone has access to the Internet and knows how to use new technology.Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money39 for children in poor countries. 简开始参加网络课程，更多地学习如何利用互联网让社会变得更加美好。她认为，消除数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能使用互联网并且知晓如何运用新技术，是非常重要的。她的下一个目标是创建一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童募捐。 Jan's life has been greatly improved40 by the Internet. “When41 you go through tough times, you meet others who42 are facing similar challenges，” Jan says. “Thinking about other people's situations43 inspired me to offer help.” 简的生活因互联网而得到了极大的改善。“当你身处逆境时，你会遇到面临相似挑战的人。”简说道，“想到别人的处境，我就会受到激励，伸出援助之手。” 1　现在完成时的被动语态 2　现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词articles 3　引导宾语从句 4　形容词比较级作宾语补足语 5　连接两个并列谓语wait和carry 6　引导时间状语从句 7　software，documents，images为三个并列名词，作宾语 8　引导时间状语从句 9　引导比较状语从句 10　介词短语作方式状语 11　作Jan Tchamani的同位语 12　连接两个谓语，developed和had to quit 13　with复合结构，作伴随状语 14　动词不定式短语作宾语补足语 15　引导宾语从句 16　动名词短语作主语 17　连接四个并列谓语动词，listen__to,__watch,__play和explore 18　引导定语从句，修饰先行词group，在从句中作地点状语 19　两个and分别连接talk__about、get和support、advice 20　引导宾语从句 21　动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词ability 22　引导定语从句，修饰先行词distance，在从句中作主语 23　so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句 24　动词不定式短语作目的状语 25　作直接宾语 26　连接两个并列宾语，computers和the__Internet 27　连接两个并列谓语动词，organise和collect 28　现在完成时的被动语态 29　引导原因状语从句 30　引导定语从句，修饰先行词woman，在从句中作主语 31　连接两个并列分句 32　动名词短语作宾语 33　动词不定式短语作目的状语 34　作介词about的宾语 35　引导宾语从句 36　it作形式主语，不定式短语to bridge ... 是真正的主语 37　连接两个并列不定式短语to__bridge__...和(to)__make_ _sure__... 38　引导宾语从句 39　第一个动词不定式短语作表语，第二个动词不定式短语作目的状语 40　现在完成时的被动语态 41　引导时间状语从句 42　引导定语从句，修饰先行词others，在从句中作主语 43　动名词短语作主语 阅读领悟 一、完成时间轴 二、问题链 1．How has the Internet made our lives more convenient according to the passage? When__shopping,__we__needn't__wait__in__line__or__carry__cash.__We__can__obtain__the__latest__information__from__large__databases__and__download__software,__documents__and__images__whenever__we__need__them. 2．In your opinion, what other ways can the Internet be used to help different groups of people？(答案不唯一) The__Internet__can__offer__free__online__courses__to__rural__students__short__of__educational__resources.__It__can__assist__the__disabled__with__special__software__and__communication­support__online__communities.__For__small­business__owners,__Internet__e­commerce__platforms__can__expand__markets__and__boost__sales. 探究一　高频词 1.convenient adj. 方便的；近便的(教材P28) →convenience n. 方便；便利；便利的事物 →conveniently adv. 方便地；便利地 →inconvenient adj. 不方便的 →inconvenience n. 不方便 (1)be convenient for sb 对某人来说很方便 It is convenient to do sth 做某事很方便 when it is/was convenient for sb 在某人方便的时候 (2)at one's convenience 在某人方便时 for one's convenience 为了方便某人 【语境感知】 ①(全国甲卷)From the vehicle of horses to today's convenient transport, Chinese transport has an enormous development. 从过去的马车到如今便捷的交通，中国的交通运输业取得了巨大的发展。 ②The mobile app is convenient for travelers to book flights and hotels. 这款移动应用程序方便旅行者预订机票和酒店。 ③It is convenient to check the weather forecast on your smartphone before going out. 出门前用智能手机查看天气预报很方便。 ④Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting? 你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面？ 【靶向小练】 ①The family thought it was more convenient to__eat (eat) in the kitchen. ②Just for convenience (convenient), I'm going to live at my mother's place until my new apartment is ready. ③For your convenience, this application is also included with this article in a downloadable file. ④我希望在您方便的时候有机会与您面谈。(申请信) I would welcome the opportunity for a personal interview with you at__your__convenience. ＝I would welcome the opportunity for a personal interview with you at__a__convenient__time． ＝I would welcome the opportunity for a personal interview with you when__it's__convenient__for__you. 2.stuck adj. 卡住；陷(入)；困(于)(教材P28) →stick v. 卡住；刺；戳；插入；粘贴 (1)be/get stuck with＝can't get away from 摆脱不了；甩不掉 be/get stuck in ... 被困/陷于…… be/get stuck on 被难住；迷恋上 (2)stick to 遵守，坚持(诺言、决定或原则等) 【语境感知】 ①I was stuck with him for the whole journey. 一路上我一直没能摆脱他。 ②Seven of us were stuck in the lift for over an hour. 我们七个人在电梯里被困了一个多小时。 ③If you get stuck on a difficult word, just ask for help. 如果你被一个难懂的单词难住了，就去寻求帮助。 ④I'm not a fashion victim; I stick to what suits me. 我不是一味赶时髦的人，我只穿适合自己的服装。 【靶向小练】 ①I don't want to get stuck (stick) in another job like that. ②I got stuck on the first question. ③我们既要有原则性，也要有灵活性。 We__should__stick__to__the__principles and be flexible as well. ④我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。 We__were__stuck__in__traffic__for__over__an__hour. 3.benefit n. 益处　vt. 使受益　vi. 得益于(教材P28) →beneficial adj. 有益的；有用的 →benefited adj. 受益的 (1)for the benefit of ... ＝for one's benefit 为了……的利益 to one's benefit 对某人有益 be of benefit to ...＝be beneficial to ... 有益于……；对……有益处 have the benefit of ... 拥有……的好处 (2)benefit from/by ... 得益于…… (3)It is beneficial to do sth 做某事是有益的 【语境感知】 ①Schools offer cyber­security courses for the benefit of cultivating students' awareness of network protection. 学校开设网络安全课程，有利于培养学生的网络保护意识。 ②I hope what I have written will be of benefit to someone else who may feel the same way. 我希望我所写的内容能够对其他有同样想法的人有所帮助。(博客) ③A good diet is beneficial to health. 良好的饮食有益于健康。(健康生活) ④Many thousands have benefited from the new treatment. 成千上万的人受益于这种新疗法。 【靶向小练】 ①The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned. ②Could you just explain again for Mark's benefit? ③Cycling is highly beneficial (benefit) to health and the environment. ④我从阅读中获益良多。 I__benefit__a__great__deal__from/by__reading. 4.inspire vt. 鼓舞；激励；启发思考(教材P28) →inspired adj. 品质优秀的；能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的 →inspiring adj. 激励的；启发灵感的 →inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；启示，灵感 inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 inspire sb with sth＝inspire sth in sb 激发某人产生某种感觉/情感 【语境感知】 ①She was one of the most inspiring people I've ever met. 她是我见过的最能鼓舞人心的人之一。 (励志人物) ②Our challenge is to motivate those voters and inspire them to join our cause. 我们的艰巨任务是要激励那些投票者并激励他们加入我们的事业。 ③The captain's heroic effort inspired them with determination. 船长英勇的努力激发了他们的决心。 【靶向小练】 ①What inspired me to__take (take) up the challenge is what his words put in my heart. ②The golden autumn light provided the inspiration (inspire) for the painting. ③Her work didn't exactly inspire me with confidence. ④学生们听到这个鼓舞人心的故事后都深受启发。 The__students__were__all__inspired__after__they__heard__the__inspiring__story. 5.access n. 通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会；使用权　vt. 进入；使用；获取(教材P28) →accessible adj. 可到达的；可接近的；容易理解的 (1)access to ... 接近……的机会；进入……的权利；通往……的通路 have/get/gain/obtain access to ... 获得查阅/进入……的权利；得到接近……的机会 give access to 准许进入/接近 (2)be accessible to ... 对……可接近/可进入 【语境感知】 ①The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 去农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。 ②Students must have access to good resources. 学生必须有机会获得好的资源。 ③The facilities have been adapted to give access to wheelchair users. 这些设施已经改造过，以方便轮椅使用者进入。 ④He wants his music to be accessible to everyone. 他希望自己的音乐人人都能欣赏。 【靶向小练】 ①What easy access to knowledge the Internet brings to us! ②These documents are not accessible (access) to the public. ③You need a password to get access to the computer system. ④我认为应该有残疾人进入公共场所的特殊通道。 I think there should be special__access__to__public__places for the disabled. 探究二　拓展词 6.tough adj. 艰难的；严厉的→toughness n. 韧性；硬，切不动 【语境感知】 This was a tough game, but he persevered with his toughness. 这是一场艰苦的比赛，但他凭借自己的韧性坚持了下来。 【靶向小练】 ①Her toughness (tough) in the face of adversity inspired many around her to never give up on their dreams. ②她有坚韧的精神，这并非偶然产生的。 She has__a__mental__toughness that did not come about by chance. ③她最近的日子一直很艰难。 She's__been__having__a__tough__time__recently. 探究三　短语 7.keep sb company 陪伴某人(教材P28) company其他相关搭配： have ... as company 有……陪伴 in company with sb 和某人一起 in good company 不孤单(指有很多人处于相同的情况或境遇中) 【语境感知】 ①I'll stay here and keep you company. 我留下陪你。 ②Bessie was glad to have the dog as company. 贝茜很高兴有只狗为伴。 ③He's performing in company with saxophonist Ernie Watts. 他在和萨克斯管演奏家厄尼·瓦茨一起演奏。(人物介绍) 【靶向小练】 ①She arrived in company with the ship's captain. ②Rita's husband is away for the week, so I thought I'd go over and keep her (she) company. ③If you can't program the video recorder, you're in good company. ④你为什么不留在这里陪着艾玛呢？ Why__don't__you__stay__here__and__keep__Emma__company？ 8.go through 经历；度过；通读；检查；用完；通过，达成(教材P28) go其他相关短语： go over 复习；仔细检查（或审查） go down 下降，下沉；消退 go out 熄灭；过时 go up 增长；上升 go with 与……相配 【语境感知】 ①(全国甲卷)I am grateful that I did not need to go through the hardships like she did. 我很感激自己无需像她那样历经艰难困苦。 ②The sun went down below the horizon. 太阳落山，消失于地平线以下。(环境描写) ③Several of the lights went out, one after another. 几盏灯相继熄灭。 ④Do you think this shirt will go with the skirt I bought? 你认为这件衬衫与我买的裙子相配吗？ 【靶向小练】 ①I had to go through the rest of the evening with a fixed smile on my face. ②Go up the steps and you will get to the hilltop. ③He would go over his work again and again until he felt he had it right. ④大多数成功人士在他们成功之前都经历了许多困难。 Most_successful_people__had__gone__through__many__difficulties__before__they__succeeded. 探究四　长难句分析 9.At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company.(教材P28) 50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑相伴。 【分析】　此处为“find＋复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)”结构，其中，宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的情况；动词不定式短语to keep her company作宾语补足语。 宾语补足语的形式有： (1)名词/代词：说明宾语“是什么” (2)形容词/副词：说明宾语“怎么样” (3)介词短语：说明宾语“处于什么状况” (4)现在分词(短语)：说明宾语的“性质”或“过程” (5)过去分词(短语)：说明宾语“被怎么样”或“已发生了什么” (6)不定式(短语)：说明宾语“做什么” 【语境感知】 ①I've never found my diet a problem. 我从来没有发现我的饮食有问题。 ②(浙江高考1月)Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. 伊娃方向感很差，她发现在这么大的一栋楼里走动实在太难了。 ③You'll find this style of architecture in a good state of preservation. 你会发现这种风格的建筑保存完好。 ④Often he found her quietly weeping alone. 他常常发现她独自静静地哭泣。 ⑤The old man found his hometown much changed. 这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大改变。 【靶向小练】 ①He tried the door and found it unlocked (unlock)． ②We've found some material suitable (suit) for making working clothes. ③I think you'll find more women entering (enter) the film business nowadays. ④我下班回来，发现屋子里一片狼藉。 I__returned__from__work__to__find__the__house__in__a__great__mess. 10.Now that he works and can take care of himself, his daughter has time to study at university.(教材P28) 由于他有事情可做，并能够照顾好自己，他的女儿就有时间上大学了。 【分析】　now that意为“既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句；动词不定式短语to study at university作后置定语，修饰time。 其他表示“既然；由于”并引导原因状语从句的词语： (1)seeing as/that (2)considering (that) (3)since 【语境感知】 ①Now that the kids have left home, we've got a lot of extra space. 由于孩子们都离开家了，我们有了很多额外的空间。 ②Seeing as he has no experience, it's not easy for him to get this job. 鉴于他没有经验，对他来说得到这份工作并不容易。 ③Considering he's only just started，he knows quite a lot about it. 鉴于他才刚刚开始，他懂得的已经不少了。 ④Since we've got a few minutes to wait for the train, let's have a cup of coffee. 既然等火车还需要几分钟，我们去喝杯咖啡吧。 表示原因的短语还有：thanks to, due to, owing to, as a result of, on account of, because of等。上述短语可以用作原因状语，但不是原因状语从句。 Due to lack of money, only the one bridge was built over the river. 由于缺钱，在这条河上仅修建了这一座桥。 【靶向小练】 ①Considering (consider) that you only started studying English a month ago, you've made amazing progress. ②Owing (owe) to the help from his comrades, he has made rapid progress. ③Thanks (thank) to the Internet, mail is now instantly available. ④既然我们在欧洲，我们应该去游览荷兰。 Now__that/Considering__(that)/Since__we're__in__Europe,__we ought to visit the Netherlands. Ⅰ.写出单词 1．This software (软件) is designed to help students improve their language skills. 2．People tend to give to charity (慈善机构) at Christmas time. 3．The local residents (居民) are very friendly and always willing to help. 4．Our company stores all the customer information in a large database (数据库)． 5．The conference (会议) room was filled with people waiting for the important meeting to start. 6．He found it hard to breathe as he found himself stuck in a lift alone. 7．The film has a great plot, plus the actors' performances are amazing. 8．Social networks like Facebook and WeChat have changed the way people communicate. 9．Sichuan Province is famous for its delicious spicy food. 10．Cash is still a popular payment method in some small stores. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Stick to your principles and tell him you won't do it. 2．The actors inspired the kids with their enthusiasm. 3．Please feel free to contact me at your convenience if you have any questions. 4．We encouraged him to__participate (participate) in the singing competition. 5．Having walked for nearly 5 hours, they found themselves lost (lose) in the forest. 6．Forgiveness is beneficial to your physical and mental health. 7．All the tasks have__been__finished (finish) ahead of schedule, which makes the boss very satisfied. 8．Access to the club is restricted to members only. 9．I need to get an updated (update) passport before my trip abroad. 10．You should apply for membership in this club if you are interested in the activities. Ⅲ.语段填词 1．Mobile payment is very convenient for us in daily life. Thanks to the convenience of mobile payment, we no longer need to carry a large amount of cash. (convenient) 2．From the top of the mountain, we could see a distant village. That village seems so peaceful and attractive from this distance. (distant) 3．Running a marathon is tough. However, those who have completed it prove their toughness and strong will.(tough) 4．Some rare species exist only in certain remote areas. Protecting their habitats is important for the continued existence of these species.(exist) 5．Scientists plan to explore the deep ocean in search of new species. This exploration of the deep ocean could lead to many exciting discoveries.(explore) Ⅳ.翻译 1．Surfing__the__Internet (网上冲浪) is not available now. There must be something wrong with the network. 2．I'll__keep__you__company (我会陪着你) while you are waiting. 3．The Internet in China has__gone__through__over__thirty__years__of__history (已经历经三十多年的历史了). 4．既然成本已经降低了20%，那就可以达成协议了。 (now that) Now__that__costs__have__been__reduced__by__20%,__the__agreement__can__be__reached. 5．我去看望她的时候，发现她正躺在床上。(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语) When__I__went__to__see__her,__I__found__her__lying__in__bed. 课后课时作业(一) 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比70%)　拔高题(占比0%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★★ ★★ ★ Ⅰ　完形填空 Over the years, digital communication has brought about more changes than the printing press did. And the standout early adopters are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary __1__ to adapt to the world. As a species, our brains are still flexible and __2__ during adolescence, which means some __3__ of it, such as impulse control and the ability to make long­term decisions, haven't developed yet, and this may also explain why we spend a(n) __4__ period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at 12 or 13. This also means the adolescent brain can adapt to new technology, allowing teenagers to __5__ the accelerating pace of digital technology and manage different tasks at the same time. In the US, teenagers are spending 8.5 hours using computers, mobiles and other devices to learn, interact and play. This jumps to 11.5 if you take into account all of the __6__， such as talking on the phone while watching TV. There are __7__ as to how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to __8__ since one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people. These interactions are now being __9__ by technology—you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren't sure whether we'll be able to develop the same __10__ using social media. There is a possible __11__ of the digital trend: it is indicated that teenagers all over the world are watching the same clips and laughing at the same jokes, meaning they are more __12__ than their predecessors (前辈). They may be __13__ to texting their friends and posting updates on social media, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and __14__ social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain might have trouble imagining. __15__， there is a cut­off and by the age of 30, our brains become more set in their ways, making it harder for us to adapt and cope with new technologies. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了数字通信对青少年大脑的影响。 1．A.activity B．capability C．responsibility D．opportunity 答案：B 解析：根据前文“extraordinary”和后文“to adapt to the world”可知，青少年的大脑似乎具有适应世界的非凡能力。故选B。 2．A.operating B．promoting C．adjusting D．establishing 答案：C 解析：根据前文“flexible”可知，我们的大脑在青春期仍然是灵活的和不断适应的。故选C。 3．A.functions B．options C．restrictions D．positions 答案：A 解析：根据后文“such as impulse control and the ability to make long­term decisions”可知，此处罗列的是大脑的一些功能。故选A。 4．A.opposed B．imposed C．limited D．extended 答案：D 解析：根据“our brains are ... at 12 or 13”可知，由于大脑的某些功能尚未发育完全，这也能解释为何我们需要在父母的保护下度过一段必经的成长时期，而不是在十二三岁时便早早离家独立。故选D。 5．A.keep up with B．come up with C．put up with D．end up with 答案：A 解析：根据后文“the accelerating pace of digital technology”可知，青少年的大脑能够适应新技术，使青少年能够跟上数字技术加速发展的步伐。故选A。 6．A.entertaining B．multitasking C．interacting D．gossiping 答案：B 解析：根据后文“such as talking on the phone while watching TV”可知，一边打电话一边看电视是多重任务。故选B。 7．A.curiosities B．criticisms C．concerns D．shortcomings 答案：C 解析：根据后文“how social media is affecting the way”可知，人们担心社交媒体影响大脑学习社交的方式。故选C。 8．A.memorize B．internalize C．realize D．socialize 答案：D 解析：根据后文“how to make friends and interact with people”可知，因为我们小时候学习的最重要的技能之一就是如何交朋友和与人互动，所以人们担心社交媒体影响大脑学习社交的方式。故选D。 9．A.changed B．controlled C．troubled D．interrupted 答案：A 解析：根据后文“by technology”可知，互动现在正被技术改变。故选A。 10．A.attitudes B．prospects C．trends D．skills 答案：D 解析：根据前文“since one of the most ... and interact with people”可知，我们小时候学习的最重要的技能之一就是如何交朋友和与人互动，而这些互动现在正被技术改变，科学家们不确定我们是否能够通过社交媒体发展出同样的技能。故选D。 11．A.advantage B．distraction C．indication D．tuition 答案：A 解析：根据后文“they are more __12__ than their predecessors (前辈)”可知，全世界的青少年都在看同样的视频，欣赏同样的笑话，这意味着他们比他们的前辈更具全球意识，这是数字化趋势的一个优点。故选A。 12．A.narrow­minded B．global­minded C．absent­minded D．quick­minded 答案：B 解析：根据前文“it is indicated ... at the same jokes”可知，全世界的青少年都在看同样的视频，为同样的笑话发笑，这意味着他们比他们的前辈更具全球意识。故选B。 13．A.reluctant B．addicted C．exposed D．enthusiastic 答案：B 解析：根据后文“texting their friends and posting updates on social media”可知，此处指青少年可能沉迷于给朋友发消息以及在社交媒体上更新动态。故选B。 14．A.however B．hence C．moreover D．instead 答案：B 解析：根据前文“teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology”可知，今天的青少年可能会接触到技术，因此获得社交和教育机会。故选B。 15．A.Consequently B．Additionally C．Nevertheless D．Thus 答案：C 解析：根据前文“teenagers today are ... have trouble imagining”以及后文“there is a cut­off ... with new technologies”可知，青少年的大脑是灵活并且不断适应的，而到30岁时，我们的大脑逐渐趋于思维定式化，更难适应和应对新技术，前后文构成转折关系。故选C。 Ⅱ　阅读 My teacher said to a student: “Give me your phone.” We all looked in surprise. Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone. When the teacher left, two students who I often saw text in class started boasting (自夸) about how they sent text messages and never got caught. “Kyle, you don't text in class that way！” one of them said. “I put my phone under my desk so it looks like I'm looking at my textbooks.” “Isn't it funny that we always text and never get caught, but the first time Kyle does it, he gets caught？” the other one laughed. They must have thought they were smart, because they never got caught and Kyle did. But which situation is worse: getting caught, or getting away with it? Rules are there for a reason. These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades. They keep texting in class, not paying any attention. I think they will keep breaking the rules in the future. People don't just break the law and get thrown into jail (监狱) right away. They take it one step at a time, starting with smaller rules. Kyle might have got caught, but at least he learned a good lesson. He will not break the rules in the future, so he will learn more in class and stay out of trouble. It's smarter not to break the rules. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kyle (凯尔)因课堂上使用手机遭没收后，两名同班学生炫耀其长期隐藏发短信的行为，而作者对此类行为和价值观予以否定。 1．The teacher asked Kyle to give his phone because ________． A．he was playing with his phone in class B．the students wanted to see Kyle's new phone C．the teacher wanted to teach him how to text D．the teacher wanted to speak to Kyle's parents 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kyle, a student who I never saw text in class, gave the teacher his phone.”可知，老师要求Kyle交出手机，因为他在课堂上玩手机。故选A。 2．How did the two students feel about not being caught texting in class? A．Sad. B．Calm. C．Proud. D．Disappointed. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When the teacher left ... never got caught.”可推知，这两个学生对没有被发现在课堂上发短信感到骄傲。故选C。 3．Which can be known according to the story? A．Kyle often texts in class. B．Kyle is not smart enough. C．Rules are there for no reason. D．The two students who often text in class had bad grades. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“These two students might not have got caught, but neither of them had good grades.”可知，两个经常在课堂上发短信的学生成绩不好。故选D。 4．What would the writer agree? A．Kyle was a bad student. B．Texting in class is not a big deal. C．Texting in class without being caught was easy. D．What the two students said and did were wrong. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者认为这两个学生的说法和做法都是错的。故选D。 Ⅲ　语法填空 Deepfakes (深度造假) are videos which have been digitally manipulated (操纵) to show people saying something __1__ they haven't actually spoken. In the past, videos like these could be made only by __2__ (experience) special effects artists or video editors. Now, anyone with the right tools can make a convincing deepfake. These videos are easy to make and dangerous. Cases __3__ (report) about misused deepfake technology in the past few months. So, how can we know whether what we are seeing and hearing is real? Wael Abd­Almageed, who leads __4__ team of five researchers at the University of Southern California, is trying to answer that question. This team has designed computer software which can determine whether a video is a deepfake. “If there is inconsistency (不协调) in the video, such as an unnatural eye __5__ (move), we can spot it，” he said. How can you avoid __6__ (fool) by a deepfake? Wael Abd­Almageed suggests not __7__ (immediate) believing what you see online. Instead, __8__ (make) sure you research a video first. “Don't take anything on the Internet for granted，” he warns. “Ask yourself, ‘Would this person really say something like this？’” Wael Abd­Almageed also advises watching a video __9__ a slower rate so you can spot inconsistencies. This is possible by __10__ (use) the settings on most popular video platforms. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了深度造假视频的危害，Wael Abd­Almageed (瓦埃勒·阿布德－阿尔默达)和他的团队正在努力解决这个问题。 1．答案：that 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是复合不定代词something，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 2．答案：experienced 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰名词短语special effects artists or video editors，应用形容词experienced作定语。故填experienced。 3．答案：have been reported 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语in the past few months可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cases和谓语动词report之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Cases是复数，助动词应用have。故填have been reported。 4．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。此处泛指“一个团队”，应用不定冠词，且team的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 5．答案：movement 解析：考查词性转换。此处作宾语，应用名词movement，根据设空前的不定冠词an可知，应用名词单数。故填movement。 6．答案：being fooled 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配avoid doing sth意为“避免做某事”，fool和you之间为被动关系。故填being fooled。 7．答案：immediately 解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词believing，应用副词immediately。故填immediately。 8．答案：make 解析：考查祈使句。本句是祈使句的肯定句形式，设空处应用动词原形。故填make。 9．答案：at 解析：考查介词。固定搭配at a ... rate表示“以……速率”。故填at。 10．答案：using 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by后应用动名词作宾语。故填using。 　精深阅读 “But everyone has one，” begs my son as I tell him that he won't get a smartphone. Despite my determination, it's hard not to feel sorry for him. As the end of Year 6 draws closer, the weeks are filled with stories of new classmates whose parents have, as one friend texted recently, “cracked”. Apps are springing up so that friends going to different secondary schools can easily keep in touch. But it pains me to see the anxiety and effect that smartphones cause. So I stick to my decision. There is research conducted by the Office of Communications (Ofcom) showing that school bullying is more likely to happen on a device rather than face to face. School bullies aren't new, but their ability to reach the sanctuary (庇护) of the home is a recent development. Headteacher Jon Boyes of Herne Bay High School told parents that they'd have to sort out arguments between pupils that had occurred online. According to the research, children who were given a phone later went on to experience better mental well－being in relation to their self－confidence and their ability to relate to others. However, those who received a phone at a younger age were more likely to experience sad thoughts, feelings of aggression towards others and the sense that they were separated from reality. Parents should be willing to consider the idea that it's possible to refuse to follow the herd at least until their children are old enough to judge what they find on the Internet. There is power in questioning the idea that a smartphone is the only way to keep a child safe and ensure they have access to important friendships. My son is only 10. He's nowhere near ready to deal with the confusing and harmful garbage that he will no doubt find on the Internet. He hasn't developed the emotional maturity to skillfully avoid the litter along his route. As his parent, why would I believe he could deal with what many adults struggle to get a handle on? Instead, I believe that he can survive with his old－fashioned phone. It turned out that he agreed. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要阐述了手机给孩子带来的负面影响以及父母应该如何应对孩子对手机的渴望。 1．What factor strengthens the author's decision? A．The text messages from a friend. B．The poor relationship with her son. C．The realization of smartphones' disadvantages. D．The exchange of class stories with other parents. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But it pains me ... to my decision.(但看到智能手机导致的焦虑和影响，我感到很痛苦。所以我坚持我的决定。)”可知，意识到智能手机的缺点加强了作者的决定。故选C。 2．According to Ofcom, what is the most likely cause of the recent school bullying? A．Students' face－to－face disagreements. B．Serious academic competition among students. C．Teachers' wrong way of handling arguments. D．Students' unpleasant communication on the Internet. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“School bullies aren't new ... occurred online.(校园霸凌现象并不新鲜，但他们能够延伸到学生家中这一情况却是最近才发展起来的。赫恩湾高中的校长Jon Boyes (乔恩·博伊斯)告诉家长们，他们必须解决学生之间在网上发生的争吵。)”可推知，最近发生校园欺凌最可能的原因是学生在互联网上不愉快的交流。故选D。 3．What can we know about a 6－year－old smartphone user? A．He may show better social skills. B．He may have greater self－confidence. C．He may have much mental suffering. D．He may become quite ambitious. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“According to the research ... from reality.(根据这项研究，较晚得到手机的孩子们在自信心和与他人相处的能力方面表现出了更好的心理健康。然而，那些在更小的年纪就拥有手机的人更有可能经历悲伤的情绪、对他人有攻击性情绪以及产生与现实的脱节感。)”可推知，一个6岁的智能手机用户可能会有很多精神痛苦。故选C。 4．What can we say about the author's son? A．He is very mature for his age. B．He may continue using his old device. C．He is well prepared for life challenges. D．He may strongly oppose his parents' decision. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Instead ... that he agreed.(相反，我相信他用他那部老式手机也能行。结果他同意了。)”可知，作者10岁的儿子会继续使用他的老式手机。故选B。 精深阅读——好词句小练 (一)热词 1．determination n. 决心，坚定；决定 2．conduct v. 实施，进行 3．device n. 装置，设备；手段 4．occur v. (尤指意外地)发生；存在 5．well－being n. 幸福，安康 (二)高频短语 6．keep in touch 保持联系 7．stick__to 坚持 8．sort out 解决；处理；整理；分类；理清(思路、计划等) 9．in relation to 关于；与……相关 10．struggle__to__do__sth 努力做某事 (三)根据语境填入恰当的内容 11．While I am willing (will) to help, I do not have much time available. 12．It helps me relax and takes my mind away from anxiety (anxious)． 13．The children had an argument (argue) about what game to play. (四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义 14．Broken branches and leaves littered the ground after the strong wind.使杂乱 15．From a distance, we could see a large herd of antelopes running across the plain.群 16．It would make more sense to wait until the weather improves before we go on a picnic.合理性 (五)用方框中单词或短语的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 deal with， consider， well－being 17．We must address the problem of traffic pollution. deal__with 18．Giving up his job was a small price to pay for his children's happiness.well－being 19．This is a big issue; we need more time to think about it.consider (六)长难句分析 20．However, those who received a phone at a younger age were more likely to experience sad thoughts, feelings of aggression towards others and the sense that they were separated from reality. 句意：然而，那些在更小的年纪就拥有手机的人更有可能经历悲伤的想法，对他人的侵犯感以及与现实的脱节感。 分析：主干是those__were__...__and__the__sense；who引导定语从句；that 引导定语从句。 (七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子 21．They embraced and promised to keep__in__touch (保持联系)． 22．I managed to stick__to__the__healthy__diet (坚持健康饮食) and keep off sweet foods. (八)仿写句子 23．Despite my determination, it's hard not to feel sorry for him.(介词短语作让步状语) 仿写：尽管天气不好，捕鱼却一直收获颇丰。 Despite__the__poor__weather,__the__fishing__has__been__pretty__good. 课后课时作业(二) 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ A B 难度 ★ ★★ ★★★ Ⅰ　阅读 A In the field of education technology, some apps might be getting too smart. There are more and more apps providing help for students. PhotoMath The new, seemingly magic app allows users to take pictures of a math problem, and then receive a step­by­step solution. It is now the number one free app on the App Store. A PhotoMath spokeswoman says educators have welcomed the app with positive reviews, but the software causes a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement. Why? This is because students can use it to cheat when doing their math homework. iHomework Whether you're a high school student or a college student, there's one thing you've got for sure: a lot of homework. iHomework can help you keep track of all your homework. It can help you arrange it in a particular order according to types, or based on deadlines. Homework Helper Chinese Internet search company Baidu has launched an app called Homework Helper with which students can get answers to homework. Users post a picture or type their homework questions onto an online forum (论坛), and those who answer the questions can win e­coins that can be used to buy devices like laptops. The app has logged 5 million downloads, much to the concern of many parents who argue that the students spend less time thinking about challenging problems. WolframAlpha WolframAlpha is similar to PhotoMath, but it focuses on older students studying high levels of math and doesn't support photos. The service also produces step­by­step solutions to advanced topics, making it a popular tool for college students. 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款为学生提供帮助的教育应用程序。 1．What is the public's worry about the app PhotoMath? A．It can't recognize pictures. B．It doesn't provide a step­by­step solution. C．It makes cheating at homework more likely to happen. D．It encourages students to use smart phones more frequently. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据PhotoMath部分中的“This is because students can use it to cheat when doing their math homework.(这是因为学生在做数学作业时可以用它来作弊。)”可知，公众对PhotoMath应用程序的担忧在于它使得在家庭作业中作弊的情况更容易发生。故选C。 2．What can we learn about Homework Helper? A．It is thought highly of by teachers. B．It is unpopular among Chinese students. C．Many parents think it harmful to children's study. D．Answering questions on the app wastes students' time. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据Homework Helper部分中的“The app has ... about challenging problems.(这款应用程序的下载量已达到500万次，许多家长对此表示担忧，他们认为学生们花在思考具有挑战性的问题上的时间更少了。)”可推知，许多家长认为Homework Helper对孩子们的学习有害。故选C。 3．Which app is the best choice if you want to deal with advanced math problems? A．PhotoMath. B．iHomework. C．Homework Helper. D．WolframAlpha. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据WolframAlpha部分中的“WolframAlpha is similar to ... doesn't support photos.(WolframAlpha类似于PhotoMath，但它专注于学习高水平数学的高年级学生，并且不支持照片。)”可知，如果你想解决高等数学问题，WolframAlpha应用程序是最好的选择。故选D。 B Recent research demonstrates the harmful mental health effects caused by social media use, including increased rates of depression, anxiety, suicidal tendency and self­harm. Adolescents (青少年) who spend more than three hours per day on social media face twice the risk of poor mental health outcomes. Addictive feeds—designed to make use of personal data to intensify (增强) users' content that will keep them on the platform for as long as possible—have dramatically heightened the risk to young users' well­being and made our children addicted to these social media outlets. In the first seven years after addictive feeds were introduced, suicide rates for 10­ to 14­year­old girls doubled and hospitalizations for suicidal tendencies and attempts increased nearly twice for all adolescents. Instead of responding to the problem, social media empires have made great efforts to keep and capture user engagement, and the consequences have been catastrophic． Beyond the direct harm of social media addiction, the collection of children's data by these giant companies puts our kids at huge risk, leaving them vulnerable (易受伤的) to having their location and other personal data tracked, shared and sold online. As a consequence, that data is at greater risk of falling into the wrong hands—including human traffickers, identity thieves and others who might prey (欺凌) on young people. We will not stand by and watch an arms race among social media mega­corporations (大型企业) over who can best profit from our children's pain and addiction. That is why we should use and are using every tool at our disposal to fight back against these damaging practices: from the courthouse to the statehouse. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网络社交媒体通过让人上瘾的内容危害青少年健康的现象，并呼吁大家保护青少年免受社交媒体的伤害。 4．What can we learn about addictive feeds? A．They are food that can easily satisfy people. B．They are Internet content that can get people addicted. C．They are kept on the platform just for a short period of time. D．They are personal data stored on the Internet for convenience. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Addictive feeds ... social media outlets.”可知，上瘾式推送是指能让人上瘾的网络内容。故选B。 5．Which word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 4? A．destructive B．striking C．unique D．effective 答案：A 解析：词义猜测题。第三段介绍了上瘾式推送对青少年的严重危害，画线词上文“Instead of responding to ... capture user engagement”表明社交媒体并未对这一问题做出回应，却努力保持、吸引客户，由此可推知，这个后果是灾难性的，画线词与destructive(破坏性的，毁灭性的)意思相近。故选A。 6．Why has the author written the article? A．To introduce a research finding. B．To explain the harms caused by addictive feeds. C．To blame irresponsible social media mega­corporations. D．To call on people to protect children against social media harms. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We will not stand by ... these damaging practices (我们不会眼睁睁地看着社交媒体大型企业之间进行军备竞赛，谁能最大限度地从我们的孩子的痛苦和成瘾中获利。这就是为什么我们应该并正在使用我们所掌握的一切工具来反击这些破坏性做法)”可推知，作者写作本文的目的是呼吁人们保护孩子们免受社交媒体的伤害。故选D。 7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Mental Health Is Safe for Children B．Teens Should Be Kept Away from Internet C．Addictive Feeds Heighten Great Risks to Teens D．Social Media Empires Are to Blame for Children's Safety 答案：C 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了社交媒体通过让人上瘾的内容对青少年产生危害。C项(成瘾式信息推送会显著增加青少年面临的风险)最适合作为文章标题。故选C。 Ⅱ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Surprise！” was the first thing I heard when I opened the door. My family and friends were all smiling at me. There were colorful balloons all over the house, a big poster saying “HAPPY BIRTHDAY”， and of course a cake with 12 candles. It was a wonderful feeling. I knew that I had finally turned twelve and I might possibly get the thing I wanted most. I saw my mom and dad coming towards me with a small box which seemed to be a birthday present. When I opened the box, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had really gotten a mobile phone! Throwing myself into their arms, I let out a cry of joy, “Thank you! I love you guys！” “You're welcome. We knew this was going to make you happy but we didn't only get you this because you turned twelve, but also because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good grades.” “Of course I will.” I said confidently. As soon as I got to school the next morning, I was showing off my phone and asking everyone for their number. It was cool how I got so many contacts on the first day. It felt like I didn't even exist in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. However, I didn't get caught using it. I am pretty sure that the teacher did notice that I stopped paying attention to her because a week later we took a test and I failed. What was worse, my mom had to sign the test. It was hard to show my mom the test. She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Finally, I showed it to her, and she couldn't believe it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Then I started to wonder if I was wrong. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者12岁生日时，因为在学校表现非常出色，父母送给他一部手机作为生日礼物。后来，作者因沉迷于手机考试成绩一塌糊涂，作者拿着成绩单让妈妈签字，妈妈既生气又失望。意识到由于沉迷于手机使作者考试失败，作者的父母作何感想？作者接下来又是如何做的呢？ [精彩范文] Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone. They said they had noticed that I never paid attention to them. It was like I had my own little world. So they thought we didn't communicate as much with my phone. They regretted having given me a phone, which made me ignore the family and study. Then I started to wonder if I was wrong. A week later I tried going a whole day without a phone and it didn't go that badly. I had so much fun because I was actually spending time with my family and paying attention to them. From that day on, I had a different opinion towards phones. Phones really take me away from the rest of the world. I'm not saying that phones are bad and we should not use them, but we do have to spare some time to spend with our family and not get stuck with our phones all day. 　精深阅读 Bangladesh has a large population. The nation depends on rice as its main food. Growing rice requires a lot of water and energy, especially during the dry season from January to June when farmers mostly rely on groundwater. This results in serious reduction of groundwater as well as greenhouse gas emissions (排放)． Researchers from the University of Washington and Bangladesh's Ministry of Agriculture have developed a system called Integrated Rice Advisory System (IRAS), which uses satellite data from NASA and its partners to give farmers important information. IRAS works by combining satellite data on water use, rainfall, and weather forecasts with crop water demand characteristics to produce location－specific suggestions for farmers. The suggestions tell farmers how much water they have, how much they are using, and how much they need for their crops. They also warn farmers if they have over or under－watered their fields. The IRAS team states that the system will help reduce agricultural water waste by about 30 percent, cut fuel use by 45 percent, save $115 million yearly, and lower carbon emissions by 300，000 tons per year. IRAS is an example of how global cooperation and the sharing of important data among nations can help improve food security, water management, and environmental protection around the world. “In addition to being affordable and convenient for farmers, the method can help the world become more water－efficient and energy－efficient in growing food，” said Faisal Hossain, leader of IRAS. The IRAS team completed its first nationwide effort in June, after working with staff from Bangladesh's Department of Agricultural Extension and Agro­Meteorological Information Service to set up the system. Faisal Hossain and his colleagues hope to broaden the reach of IRAS in the future, and apply it to other crops that demand large amounts of water, like sugar cane. “We believe that this affordable tool will be applied to any area where we know what crop is being grown and what their crop water demand characteristics are，” he said. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自华盛顿大学和孟加拉国农业部的科学家开发的一个综合水稻咨询系统(IRAS)，该系统使用来自NASA及其合作伙伴的卫星数据为农民提供重要信息。 1．How does IRAS mainly serve farmers? A．By collecting data about weather. B．By monitoring the growth of crops. C．By guiding them on water management. D．By helping them look for new groundwater. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The suggestions tell ... under－watered their fields.”可知，IRAS主要通过指导农民进行水资源管理来为他们服务。故选C。 2．How does the text show the possible benefits of IRAS? A．By listing related data. B．By giving an example. C．By making a comparison. D．By referring to a research report. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“The IRAS team ... by 300，000 tons per year.”可推知，文章通过列举相关数据的方法展示IRAS可能带来的好处。故选A。 3．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The specific technology used in the system. B．Future challenges of applying the system. C．Farmers' opinions on the system. D．The importance of the system. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据第五段中的“In addition to ... in growing food”可知，第五段主要介绍了这个系统的重要性。故选D。 4．What does Faisal Hossain point out about IRAS? A．It will be well－received in the future. B．It encourages international cooperation. C．It can only be used on crops in dry places. D．It requires better education on water protection. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Faisal Hossain and ... he said.”可推知，Faisal Hossain (费萨尔·侯赛因)认为这个系统在未来将会广受欢迎。故选A。 精深阅读——好词句小练 (一)热词 1．greenhouse n. 温室，暖房；温室效应 2．forecast n．& vt. 预测；预报 3．demand n. 需要；要求　v. 需要；强烈要求 4．characteristic n. 特征；特点；品质　adj. 典型的；独特的；特有的 5．colleague n. 同事；同僚 (二)高频短语 6．rely on 依靠；信赖 7．result__in 导致，结果是 8．combine ... with ... 将……与……结合 9．global cooperation 全球合作 10．nationwide__effort 全国之力 (三)根据语境填入恰当的内容 11．The company has made every effort at cost reduction (reduce)． 12．There are many ways to increase agricultural (agriculture) efficiency in the poorer areas of the world. 13．They want their parents to have access to affordable (afford) long－term care. (四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义 14．He applied some glue to the back of the photo to stick it on the album.涂 15．These inspiring words from his coach fuel his confidence in the upcoming game.鼓励 16．She used her fingers to help her with the addition problems.加法 (五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 state， security， forecast 17．Most sellers refused to announce their final price in the hope that buyers might offer a higher price.state 18．She predicted the election result would be close.forecasted 19．Some animals roll themselves into a ball for protection.security (六)长难句分析 20．IRAS is an example of how global cooperation and the sharing of important data among nations can help improve food security, water management, and environmental protection around the world. 句意：IRAS是一个例子，说明了全球合作和各国之间共享重要数据如何帮助改善世界各地的粮食安全、水资源管理和环境保护。 分析：主干是IRAS__is__an__example；how引导宾语从句，在从句中第一个and连接两个并列主语；第二个and连接三个并列名词短语作improve的宾语。 (七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子 21．Staying up late can result__in (导致) a series of health problems. 22．Modern computers can organize large__amounts__of__data (大量的数据) very quickly. (八)仿写句子 23．Growing rice requires a lot of water and energy, especially during the dry season from January to June when farmers mostly rely on groundwater. (动名词短语作主语) 仿写：养成这种习惯很容易，但戒掉它却很难。 Sliding__into__the__habit__is__easy,__but__it__is__difficult__to__get__rid__of__it. 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $