Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3-【金版教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册创新导学案Word（北师大版）

该高中英语导学案围绕记叙文阅读展开，包含与奶奶共度圣诞节的情感故事，通过“词句自测”即时巩固move in、make an effort等词汇，衔接前后知识点，构建从文本理解到词汇语法应用的学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握阅读技巧与语言知识。 资料以情感文本为载体，融合词汇、语法、习题于一体，通过真实语境提升语言能力，培养学生对家庭情感的文化意识。多样化练习（完形填空、阅读、语法填空）及语法精讲，助力学生自主学习，提升思维品质与学习效率，符合英语学科特色学习方法。

英语　必修 第一册 BS Section Ⅱ　 Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 I still remember the last Christmas Granny spent with us. 我仍然记得我们和奶奶一起度过的最后一个圣诞节。 It began in the middle of November on a cold, windy day. 那是11月中旬一个寒冷多风的日子。 I remember the wind because Granny's grey hair was a mess when she arrived. 我记得那天的大风是因为当奶奶到达时，她灰白的头发乱作一团。 That was also the day Granny moved in. Somehow, at the time, I didn't know she was sick. 那也是奶奶搬进来的日子。不知道为什么，在那个时候，我不知道她生病了。 Maybe I was too young, maybe she hid it too well, or maybe I was just too excited that Christmas was on the way. 可能我太小，可能她藏得太好，或者可能对于圣诞节的即将到来我太兴奋了。 词句自测 ①move__in 搬来(和某人)一起居住 ②somehow adv. 不知怎的；不知为什么 After Granny moved in, she spent most of her time on the brown sofa by the fire. 奶奶搬进来之后，她大多数时间都待在火炉旁棕色的沙发上。 Sometimes she was quiet, but she seemed happy. 有时她很安静，但她看起来很开心。 When I wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about the presents I wanted, Granny made an effort to help me. 当我写信给圣诞老人告诉他我想要的礼物时，奶奶努力帮助我。 Her hand was slightly shaky, but she wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope. 尽管她的手略微发抖，但她在信封上写上了“圣诞老人，北极”。 词句自测 ③make__an__effort 尽力 ④slightly adv. 略微，稍微 ⑤pole n. 地极，北/南极 ⑥envelope n. 信封) In December, our excitement grew each day—lights appeared in the streets, Christmas cards arrived, and there was snow everywhere. 在12月，我们变得一天比一天兴奋——街上的灯亮了，圣诞卡片到了，到处都是白雪。 Granny and I made sugar biscuits, stuffed the turkey and then I sat on my granny's lap and we sang Christmas songs. 奶奶和我做了霜糖饼干，给火鸡塞好了料，之后我坐在奶奶的腿上，我们一起唱圣诞歌。 My favourite song was Frosty the Snowman and I loved the bit that went “Thumpety－thump－thump, thumpety－thump－thump, look at Frosty go！” 我最喜欢的歌是《雪人》，而且我很喜欢的一段是“滴答滴答答，滴答滴答答，看雪人走远”。 Granny had patience to sing it over and over again. 奶奶耐心地唱了一遍又一遍。 词句自测 ⑦stuff vt. 给……填馅；填，塞 ⑧lap n. 大腿部 ⑨frosty adj. 严寒的 ⑩patience n. 耐心；耐力 ⑪over__and__over 再三地，重复地) On Christmas Eve, Granny took a seat by the fire as we put up the Christmas tree. 在圣诞节前夕，奶奶坐在火炉旁，我们一起布置圣诞树。 I hung most of the decorations on the branches. 我在树枝上挂了很多的装饰品。 词句自测 ⑫eve n. 前夕；前一天 ⑬branch n. 树枝 •“That's the most beautiful tree I've ever seen，” Granny said. “那是我曾见过的最漂亮的圣诞树。”奶奶说。 Then she started singing, “Oh, Christmas tree, oh, Christmas tree, you fill my heart with music ...” 然后她开始唱歌，“噢，圣诞树，噢，圣诞树，你用音乐填满了我的心……” Before bed, Granny and I left a plate of sugar biscuits out for Father Christmas, and put a stocking at the end of my bed. 睡觉前，奶奶和我留了一盘霜糖饼干在外面给圣诞老人，并且放了一只袜子在我的床尾。 I remember Granny sitting on my bed and singing softly until I fell asleep. 我记得奶奶坐在我的床上，轻声地唱歌直到我睡着。 词句自测 ⑭plate n. 盘；碟 ⑮I've ever seen是一个省略了that的定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语时，that可以省略。 My stocking was full of small toys and sweets on Christmas morning, and there were presents under the tree. 在圣诞节的早上，我的袜子装满了小玩具和糖果，而且在树下有礼物。 •I was on my best behaviour as we opened the presents. 当我们打开礼物的时候，我表现得最好。 Later, Granny called me over. 随后，奶奶叫住了我。 “I have something special for you，” Granny whispered. “It's for all your treasures. Merry Christmas.” “我有一个特别的东西给你，”奶奶低声说，“为了保存你所有的财富。圣诞快乐。” It was a music box with a ballet dancer inside. 那是一个音乐盒，里面有一个芭蕾舞者。 词句自测 ⑯behaviour n. 行为，举止 ⑰whisper vi.& vt. 低声说，低语 ⑱merry adj. 快乐的 ⑲ballet n. 芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演 ⑳I was on my best behaviour as we ... 中，as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时”。 After breakfast, Auntie Kath and my cousin David arrived. 早饭后，凯丝阿姨和我的堂弟大卫到了。 •While Mum, Dad and Auntie Kath got lunch ready, David and I played outside. 当妈妈、爸爸和凯丝阿姨准备午餐时，大卫和我在外面玩。 We raced around the garden and rolled a big snowball to make a lovely snowman. 我们绕着花园赛跑，并且滚了一个大雪球来堆了一个可爱的雪人。 Granny stayed inside by the fire. 奶奶待在屋子里的火炉旁。 I remember catching her eye through the window. 我记得透过窗户吸引她的注意。 “Come outside, Granny，” I called, but she just waved. “到外面来，奶奶。”我喊道，但她只是挥了挥手。 词句自测 roll vt. 使成筒形(球形)　n. 一卷；面包卷 catch__sb's__eye 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意 wave vi.& vt. 挥手；招手 While Mum, Dad ... ready为while引导的时间状语从句，从句的谓语动作是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。 Lunch was late, but it was a loud and exciting affair. 午餐晚了，但那是一件热闹又令人兴奋的事。 We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, followed by Christmas pudding. 我们戴上傻里傻气的纸帽子，吃塞有土豆的大火鸡，随后又吃了圣诞布丁。 David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow. 大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。 “How's the pudding？” Granny asked. “布丁怎么样？”奶奶问道。 “Mmmph, mmmph, mmmph，” said David. “嗯……嗯……嗯……，”大卫说。 Auntie Kath didn't think it was funny, but the rest of us did. 凯丝阿姨不觉得这样有趣，但是我们其他人觉得很有趣。 Granny laughed so much that her paper hat fell off. 奶奶笑得太厉害，以至于她的纸帽子掉了下来。 词句自测 affair n. 事件 swallow vi.& vt. 吞下，咽下 A few weeks after that Christmas, Granny passed away. 圣诞节几周后，奶奶去世了。 I think of her often though, especially at Christmas. 不过我时常想起她，尤其在圣诞节。 Each year, I take out the music box she gave me. 每年，我拿出她给我的音乐盒。 Inside I keep Granny's paper hat and the letter she helped me write that Christmas. 里面我保存着那年圣诞节奶奶的纸帽子和她帮我写的信。 Mum gave the letter back to me some years ago when I no longer believed in Father Christmas. 几年前当我不再相信圣诞老人时，妈妈把信还给了我。 •When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind. 当我思考是什么使圣诞节如此神奇时，不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人浮现在脑海中。 It's also my memory of Granny. 这也有我关于奶奶的记忆。 Now I'm the one who makes sugar biscuits each year，and I always make one in a G－shape—G for Granny. 现在，我是那个每年制作霜糖饼干的人，并且我总是会做一块“G”形状的——G代表着奶奶。 词句自测 pass__away 去世 no__longer 不再 it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that ... 为强调句型，其结构为“It's＋被强调部分＋that＋其余部分”。 1 as far as 就……而言(教材P105) 归纳拓展 ①As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. 就我个人而言，在某种程度上我赞同后一种观点。 ②The culture of Rome just doesn't match the culture of Yoga, as far as I can see. 依我看来，罗马文化和瑜伽文化不搭。 ③As far as I know, he'll be away for three months. 据我所知，他将外出三个月。 ④When the sun shines during the day, everything is visible as far as the eye can see. 白天，太阳普照大地，目之所及之处，一切尽收眼底。 ⑤Some of them, as far as I can remember, were quite nice. 我记得他们中的有些人是相当不错的。 单句表达 ①据我所知，他的英语讲得很好。 ________________， he speaks English very well. ②在我看来，你没有什么好担忧的。 ________________， you've got nothing to worry about. 答案：①As far as I know　②As far as I can see/As far as I am concerned 2 suit n. 套装(教材P105) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The warrior was equipped with a suit of armor. 那名武士装配了一身盔甲。 ②You can also choose any of the above services to suit your needs. 你也可以选择以上的任何服务以满足你的需要。 ③The course is suitable for beginners and advanced students. 本课程适合初学者及水平较高者。 ④The amount of water which is suitable to drink is less and less. 适合饮用的水量越来越少。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Perhaps film ________ (suit) him better than fine arts, which needs more skills. ②The software can suit his ________ (need) well. ③This piece of music is not suitable ________ (play) in the open air. 答案：①suits　②needs　③to play (2)单句表达 ①她有能力使自己的表演满足观众的口味。 She had the ability to ________ her performances ________ the audience. ②这所房子并不适合大家庭居住。 The house is not really ______________ a large family. 答案：①suit; to　②suitable for 3 make an effort 尽力(教材P106) 归纳拓展 ①We must make efforts to take exercise for our health. 为了健康我们必须努力锻炼身体。 ②Penny tended to work through her lunch hour in an effort to keep up with her work. 为了努力跟上工作进度，佩妮常常午饭时间也一直工作。 ③Everyone ought to have a will and spare no effort to achieve his/her target. 每个人都应该有一种意志，并不遗余力地去实现自己的目标。 ④She took a deep breath and sat up slowly with great effort. 她深吸一口气，费力地慢慢坐起身来。 ⑤Nothing can be obtained without effort. 不努力什么也得不到。 (1)单句语法填空 ①He is making an effort ________ (catch) up with others in study. ②He was so strong that he lifted the big rock ________ effort. 答案：①to catch　②without (2)单句表达 ①地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多年轻人。 The local clubs are ________________________ more young people. ②父母为他们的孩子安排一切，并不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。 Parents arrange everything for their children and __________________ to pave the way for their success. ③公司为节省资金解雇了150名工人。 The company has laid off 150 workers ______________ money. 答案：①making every effort/an effort/efforts to attract　②spare no effort　③in an effort to save 4 represent vt. 代表 (教材P106) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①This kind of medical treatment represents a significant advance in the field of cancer research. 这种医疗方法代表癌症研究领域一项重要的进步。 ②He represented himself as a philosopher. 他声称自己是个哲学家。 ③I couldn't be present myself, but I sent my representative to the meeting. 我不能亲自出席，但是我派了代表参加会议。 单句语法填空 ①He represented himself ________ an employee in order to gain the files. ②Paintings ________ (represent) religious themes were common in earlier times. ③He is a ________ (represent) for a large international company. 答案：①as　②representing　③representative 5 fortunate adj. 幸运的(教材P106) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①She said she was fortunate to attend the show. 她说她很幸运能参加这场演出。 ②He has decided to leave his village to seek his fortune. 他已决定离开村庄外出闯荡。 ③The young peasant went out west to try his fortune. 那个年轻的农民去西部碰运气。 ④Fortunately, the weather that winter was reasonably mild. 幸好那年冬天的天气还算温和。 名师点津 fortune作“机遇；运气；命运”讲时，为不可数名词；作“大笔的钱，财富”讲时，为可数名词。 (1)单句语法填空 ①She was fortunate enough ________ (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university. ②I was late, but ________ (fortunate) the meeting hadn't started. ③__________ (fortunately), he was caught in the traffic jam and late for the meeting. 答案：①to find　②fortunately　③Unfortunately (2)同义句转换 Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of making a lot of money without hard work. ＝Now there are many young people in our society dreaming of ________________ without hard work. 答案：making a fortune 6 patience n. 耐心；耐力(教材P58) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The expert explained the case to us with patience/patiently. 专家耐心地向我们解释了情况。 ②I'm beginning to lose patience with those people. 我开始对那些人失去耐心了。 ③He has no/little patience with people who talk too much. 他不能容忍喋喋不休的人。 ④The doctor is very patient with his patients. 这位医生对病人很有耐心。 单句语法填空 ①As time went on he grew more and more ________ (patient)． ②He is a good teacher, but he has little ________ (patient) with the naughty pupils. ③Whenever I made mistakes, my teacher pointed them out ________ patience. 答案：①impatient　②patience　③with 7 behaviour n. 行为， 举止(教材P59) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①He was dismissed from school for his bad behaviour. 他因行为不端被学校除名。 ②The teacher behaved well towards his students, all of whom liked him very much. 那位老师对学生很好，所有学生都很喜欢他。 ③Tom, behave yourself! Did you forget the school rules? 汤姆，守规矩！你忘了校规吗？ 单句语法填空 ①Listening is thus an active, not a passive ________ (behave) consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. ②He told his pupils to behave ________ (they) and not to chat while listening to a lecture. 答案：①behaviour　②themselves 8 catch sb's eye 吸引某人的目光；引起某人的注意(教材P59) 归纳拓展 ①The moment a tourist enters the forest, one wonderful view after another will catch his eye. 游客一进入森林就会被一个接一个的奇妙景点吸引住。 ②I like to have him next to me where I can keep an eye on him. 我喜欢把他留在我的身边，这样我就可以照看他了。 ③He kept his eye on the document to check if we left out something. 他盯着文件看，以核实我们是否遗漏了什么。 ④We should not turn a blind eye to the disadvantages of artificial intelligence. 我们不应该对人工智能的坏处视而不见。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Forgotten something? I can keep an eye ________ your baby. ②________ my eyes, our house should be decorated in a European style. ③He looked her in ________ eye and didn't say a word. 答案：①on　②In　③the (2)单句表达 ①你对美有鉴赏力，平衡感和节奏感也很好。 You __________________ beauty and a fine sense of balance and rhythm. ②当有人遇到抢劫时，我不能视而不见。 I can't ________________ when someone is being robbed. ③这样一来他们知道你有兴趣，就会留意你。 That way they know you are interested and will ____________________ you. 答案：①have an eye for　②turn a blind eye ③keep an eye on 9 wave vi.& vt. 挥手；招手(教材P59) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①All around me I saw tall trees waving in the wind. 我看见周围的大树随风摇曳。 ②When he came out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him. 当他从飞船出来时，他向等待他的人们微笑并挥手。 ③Bill waved his hand at us and then drove away. 比尔向我们挥手告别后开车走了。 ④The little boat was turned over by a huge wave. 小船被一个巨浪掀翻了。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Every time I go to work, my little son ________ (wave) goodbye to me. ②When we arrived, the children gave us a warm welcome, ________ (wave) beautiful flowers and flags. 答案：①waves　②waving (2)同义句转换 When he saw me, he gave me a wave. ＝When he saw me, he ____________ me. 答案：waved to/at 10 David put so much pudding in his mouth that he couldn't swallow.(教材P59) 大卫在嘴里塞了太多布丁，以至于都吞不下去了。 剖析 so ... that ... 结构中so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。so much pudding ... that ... 是“so＋much＋不可数名词＋that从句”结构。 归纳拓展 ①The drawer is so tight that I can't open it. 这抽屉太紧，我打不开。 ②It was so fine a day yesterday that we all went out for a picnic. 昨天天气很好，我们都出去野餐了。 ③It was such a difficult question that none of us worked it out. 这个问题很难，我们都没解出来。 ④They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。 名师点津 so ... that ... 句式，如果把so＋adj./adv. 前置于句首，主句要用部分倒装语序。 So angry was he that he turned the table upside down. 他气得把桌子掀翻了。 (1)单句语法填空 ①It was ________ fine weather that everyone wanted to go outing. ②Mr Smith is________ kind a teacher that all the students like him. ③There were________ many people in the street watching the fire that I could not get close to the building. 答案：①such　②so　③so (2)单句表达 ①这部电视剧非常有趣，结果我看了好几遍。 The TV play is ________________________ I have watched it several times. ②他出错太多， 以至于这次考试没能及格。 He made ______________________ he didn't pass the exam. ③他进步如此快，老师们对他感到很满意。 He has made ____________________________ the teachers are pleased with him. 答案：①so interesting that　②so many mistakes that　③such great progress that 11 When I think about what makes Christmas so magical, it's not just gifts and Father Christmas that come to mind. (教材P59) 当我思考是什么使圣诞节如此美妙时，浮现在脑海中的不仅仅是礼物和圣诞老人。 剖析 本句含有强调句型，结构为“It's＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分”。 归纳拓展 ①It was they that/who arranged everything. 正是他们安排了这一切。 ②Is it in this company that they work? 他们就是在这家公司工作吗？ ③When was it that the accident happened? 事故是在什么时间发生的？ ④It was not until he finished his composition that his mom came back home. 直到他写完作文，他母亲才回到家。 名师点津 (1)强调句式中被强调部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等成分，但不能是定语和谓语；强调主语且主语是人时，that可以换成who。 (2)区别强调句式与其他句子的关键是去掉“It is/was”及“that”后不影响句子的完整性就是强调句。 It was the factory where I used to wrok. 那就是我过去工作的工厂。(定语从句) It was in the factory that I used to work. 我过去就是在那家工厂工作。(强调句型) (1)单句语法填空 ①Bach died in 1750 but it was not until the early 19th century ________ his musical gift was fully recognized. ②It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. ③It was in this lake ________ they found the long­lost sword of the Ming Dynasty. 答案：①that　②that　③that (2)单句表达 ①买那本书的是吉姆吗？ ____________________ bought the book? ②他究竟想看什么？ __________________ he wants to see? ③直到昨天我才得知此事。 It was ________________________ I knew it. 答案：①Was it Jim that/who　②What is it that　③not until yesterday that Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．All the details of the meeting are fresh in my ________ (记忆)． 答案：memory 2．He gave me the ________ (信封) and we parted. 答案：envelope 3．In the northern part of China, winter is always ________ (严寒的). 答案：frosty 4．A snake winds round a ________ (树枝)． 答案：branch 5．She wanted the celebration to be a simple family ________ (事件)． 答案：affair 6．Nancy s________ hard and shook her head. 答案：swallowed 7．You should put more e________ into your work. 答案：effort 8．His b________ towards her was becoming more and more aggressive. 答案：behaviour 9．As a t________ he attended Tulse Hill Senior High School. 答案：teenager 10．The President was r________ at the ceremony by the Vice－President. 答案：represented Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．This programme is not ________ (suit) for children. 答案：suitable 2．This teacher is ________ humorous that we all like him. 答案：so 3．You mean he painted the same tree over ________ over again? 答案：and 4．You should make an effort ________ (improve) your reading comprehension. 答案：to improve 5．Teaching children with special needs requires ________ (patient) and understanding. 答案：patience 6．I disagree with drug laws ________ general. 答案：in 7．He folded his paper ________ (neat) and sipped his coffee. 答案：neatly 8．It is on his birthday ________ his mother sent him the present. 答案：that 9．She had a stressful job as a sales ________ (represent)． 答案：representative 10．She turned to wave ________ the approaching soldiers. 答案：at/to Ⅲ.选词填空 as far as; in general; make an effort; move in; over and over; catch one's eye; pass away; no longer; on the way; put up 1．It is proposed that we should ____________ a new laboratory building in our school. 答案：put up 2．The server still hasn't taken our order—we just can't ____________． 答案：catch his/her eye 3．He unfortunately ____________ last year. 答案：passed away 4．She enjoys an excellent reputation in law enforcement circles and among the community ____________. 答案：in general 5．We have ____________ to have a better and more efficient system in place. 答案：made an effort 6．It only lasted a couple of years, ____________ I knew. 答案：as far as 7．I am now out of hospital and well ____________ to recovery. 答案：on the way 8．When a thing has been used, it is ____________ new. 答案：no longer 9．There was no reason on earth why she couldn't have ____________ with us. 答案：moved in 10．She thought the matter ____________ all day. 答案：over and over 课时语法精讲——动词搭配(1) 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．We should pay attention ________ our surroundings. 答案：to 2．She wishes ________ (ask) a favor of you. 答案：to ask 3．More and more waste has taken ________ a lot of space; we should take some measures to reduce it. 答案：up 4．I should be ________ (response) for all the consequences. 答案：responsible 5．This series of books are suitable ________ children. 答案：for 6．It is time that my son grew ________． 答案：up 7．Make notes of how much money you spend ________ the trip. 答案：on 8．I am looking forward ________ your early reply. 答案：to 语法讲座 一、动词搭配的概念 动词搭配就是有些动词可以和一些别的词构成以动词为中心的结构，表达一个概念，其作用和一个单独动词差不多，是一种固定搭配。在实际使用中，通常会把动词搭配当成一个整体。 二、动词搭配的构成 1．动词＋名词 这类动词搭配中的常见动词是have, take, give, make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了动词搭配的真正意义。 Let's have another try. 让我们再试一下。(have a try＝v. try) 2．动词＋名词＋介词 这类动词搭配只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后。 Keep an eye on the baby while I am out. 我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。 3．动词＋to do 能跟不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的如：afford, agree, ask, choose, plan, offer, want, decide等。 We decided to go home by bus. 我们决定坐公共汽车回家。 4．be＋形容词＋介词 “be＋形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)＋介词”相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面。 I know he is slow at understanding, but you have to be patient with him. 我知道他理解力差，但你得对他耐心些。 5．动词＋副词 (1)作及物动词 He brought up his children strictly. ＝He brought his children up strictly. 他的孩子们是在他的严厉管教下长大的。 His father brought him up strictly. 他是在父亲的严厉管教下长大的。 从以上的例句中可以看出，在“动词＋副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如果是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。 (2)作不及物动词 Something unexpected has turned up. 令人意外的情况出现了。(turn up＝appear) (3)既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词 The barrel of gunpowder blew up.(不及物) 火药桶爆炸了。 The soldiers blew up the bridge.(及物) 士兵们把桥炸毁了。 动词搭配的及物性与不及物性主要取决于动词搭配的意思。 6．动词＋介词 动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面。 I don't much care for television. 我不是很喜欢电视。(care for＝like) 7．动词＋副词＋介词 在这类动词搭配中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后，如：get on/along with (与……相处), catch up with (赶上，跟上)。 We must work hard to make up for lost time. 我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。(make up for＝compensate) 单句表达 ①当我穿过城市公园的时候，那些美丽的鲜花吸引了我的目光。 __________________________ when I was crossing the city garden. ②格兰特老师对她的学生很有耐心。 Miss Grant __________________ her students. ③我和同班同学相处得很好。 I ________________________ my classmates. ④我们计划下星期开一次晚会。 We are ______________________ next week. 答案：①The beautiful flowers caught my eye ②is patient with　③get on/along well with ④planning to have a party Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Don't forget to return your room key to the front desk when you check ________ of the hotel. 答案：out 2．Don't forget ________ (give) my love to Cathy. 答案：to give 3．Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she makes ________ for it with hard work. 答案：up 4．We needn't have cooked so much food for the party; quite a few guests didn't turn ________ for various reasons. 答案：up 5．Who do you want ________ (interview) and why? 答案：to interview 6．—Guess what? I've got a job in an international bank. —Good news! This sort of work calls ________ skill and speed, though. 答案：for 7．Employers usually decide within five minutes whether someone is ________ (suit) for the job. 答案：suitable 8．I hope they can take care ________ this baby. 答案：of 9．He made a great ________ (contribute) to the village. 答案：contribution 10．Jenny is quite good at taking notes; she can set ________ almost every word her teachers say in class. 答案：down Ⅱ.单句表达 1．作为外国人，我们非常努力地想要听懂你们在说什么。 As foreigners, we really ________________ to understand what you are saying. 答案：make an effort/efforts/every effort 2．各个领域的人们都应该采取行动来种植更多的花草树木，以改善我们的居住环境。 People in every field should ________________ plant more trees and flowers so as to improve our living conditions. 答案：take action to 3．我发表自己观点时非常自信。 ________________________ voicing my ideas. 答案：I am confident in 4．我们同意这样做，也仅限于此次订单。 We ______________ so, but only for this order. 答案：agree to do 5．她已经对高尔夫球运动入迷了。 She had become ______________ golf. 答案：addicted to 6．他放弃了大部分的节假日。 He ______________ most of his holidays. 答案：gave up 7．我们将努力赶上世界先进水平。 We'll do our best to ____________________ the advanced world levels. 答案：catch up with 8．他说他厌倦了在家休息。 He said he ______________________ resting at home. 答案：was fed up with 9．她祝贺他获得了成功。 She ________________________ his success. 答案：congratulated him on 10．宾馆四周是精心修剪的花园。 The hotel __________________ perfectly manicured gardens. 答案：is surrounded by 课后课时作业(三) Ⅰ　完形填空 Last week, my 8－year－old daughter was listening to Nimo's song Empty Hands. Suddenly, she put forward, “how about we __1__ heart－shaped cards with beautiful messages and hang them on everyone's mailboxes around the __2__？” And her two little brothers also got super excited about the idea and their project was __3__ off. Every day they made a few cards—they cut the cards into shape of hearts, wrote kind messages and wishes and then __4__ them. They wrote a lot of __5__ like—“Thank you for your kindness; We are all together; Love over fear; Gratitude (感激) over __6__” and many more ... Within a week, they had around 50 cards ready to be __7__. Every afternoon, the kids were super excited to work for a few hours. One day __8__ we were working on the cards, my daughter __9__ her head by surprise, “it makes me very happy and energetic when I do this.” She said very __10__． Finally, on Friday, July 10th, kids __11__ the neighborhood on their bicycles and hung the hearts on everyone's mailboxes. Their excitement and kindness were just so __12__ for everyone. They didn't know how people were going to __13__ but they were just super happy doing it. They had finished distributing (分发) cards __14__ the end of the day. And they said they would do it again. Beautiful souls (灵魂) with so much __15__ in them. 篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。女儿决定和弟弟们一起制作卡片，写下美好的祝福，然后挂到周边每一个人的邮箱上，把心中的爱传递给他人。 1．A.form B．apply C．make D．describe 答案：C 解析：form 形成；apply 应用；make 制作；describe 描述。根据下文“Every day they made a few cards”可知，女儿和她的弟弟们自己制作卡片。故选C。 2．A.neighborhood B．stadium C．downtown D．apartment 答案：A 解析：neighborhood 附近，周边；stadium 体育馆；downtown 市中心；apartment 公寓。根据下文“kids __11__ the neighborhood”可知，此处为同词复现。故选A。 3．A.put B．kicked C．taken D．set 答案：B 解析：句意：她的两个弟弟对这个想法也非常兴奋，于是他们的项目就开始了。put off 推迟；kick off 开始；take off 脱下，(飞机等)起飞；set off 出发。故选B。 4．A.operated B．addicted C．spread D．decorated 答案：D 解析：operate 操作；addict 使上瘾；spread 传播；decorate 装饰。此处指孩子们装饰卡片让卡片更漂亮。故选D。 5．A.suggestions B．messages C．news D．information 答案：B 解析：根据上文“how about we __1__ heart－shaped cards with beautiful messages”可知，他们在卡片上写下的是美好的留言。故选B。 6．A.hearing B．suffering C．destroying D．spreading 答案：B 解析：上文的祝福是“Love over fear”，此处应是“感恩帮助我们战胜苦难”与之对应；love和gratitude是同类词，指“爱心、感激之心”；fear 和suffering 是同类词，指“恐惧、苦难”。故选B。 7．A.arranged B．demanded C．damaged D．delivered 答案：D 解析：句意：一周之内，他们就准备好了大约50张卡片，准备送出去。arrange 安排；demand 要求；damage 损坏；deliver 递送。故选D。 8．A.since B．once C．while D．before 答案：C 解析：since 自从；once 一旦；while 当……的时候；before 在……之前。此处用while引导时间状语从句，表示当作者正在和女儿一起制作卡片时，女儿突然对她说这样的话。故选C。 9．A.nodded B．shook C．raised D．hung 答案：C 解析：nod 点头；shake 摇晃；raise 抬起；hang 悬挂。女儿和作者说话，应该是抬起头。故选C。 10．A.softly B．excitedly C．crazily D．anxiously 答案：B 解析：softly 温柔地，柔和地；excitedly 兴奋地；crazily 疯狂地；anxiously 不安地，焦虑地。根据女儿所说的话 “it makes me very happy and energetic”可知，女儿内心很兴奋。故选B。 11．A.went around B．turned around C．went up D．turned up 答案：A 解析：句意：最后，在7月10日星期五，孩子们骑着自行车在社区里四处活动，把爱心卡片挂在每个人的邮箱上。go around 四处走动；turn around 转身；go up 上升；turn up 出现。故选A。 12．A.unique B．mild C．fluent D．warm 答案：D 解析：unique 独特的；mild 温和的；fluent 流利的；warm 温暖的。根据“kindness”可知，孩子们的行为给收到卡片的人送去温暖。故选D。 13．A.behave B．refer C．react D．imagine 答案：C 解析：句意：他们不知道人们会有什么反应，但他们非常乐意这么做。behave 表现；refer 参考，涉及；react 反应；imagine 想象。故选C。 14．A.at B．by C．to D．until 答案：B 解析：句意：到一天结束的时候，他们已经分发完了卡片。by the end of “到……结束时”。故选B。 15．A.advance B．effort C．love D．praise 答案：C 解析：advance 进步；effort 努力；love 爱；praise 赞美，表扬。根据上文“Their excitement and kindness were just so __12__ for everyone.”可知，孩子们自己心中有爱，然后将爱传递给周边的人。故选C。 Ⅱ　阅读 A We Brits love the idea of a Christmas tree, but not so many of us like the realities of dragging a 7ft Norway spruce through the house and leaving needles all over the place. If you count yourself among the reluctant group, then it may be time to go fake (假的). After all, buying an artificial Christmas tree doesn't mean accepting defeat. There's a huge range of options and sizes, including pre－lit trees, which will save you the frustration of trying to string your own lights. Another big bonus of choosing an artificial Christmas tree is cost: artificial trees can last for decades, so they work out cheaper than paying for a real tree every year. Like now retailers (零售商) are offering great deals at the moment: at Tesco, artificial Christmas trees are 25 percent off. Meanwhile, you can take advantage of the current 3 for 2 offer at Argos to fill your house with not one, not two, but three. You may perhaps partner up with friends who are also looking to invest. Of course, keep your tree for years and years and it will start to pay you back in terms of carbon footprint; however a “real” one will always have to be transported, used and dealt with every year. Are there any downsides? Yes. You might think you're saving the planet, but a fake tree is actually not an environmentally friendly option. Most are made in factories in Asia. They're made from metal and plastic, and many end their lives in landfills. Another problem with a fake tree is that it doesn't look very natural—and of course you won't get that lovely pine smell either. You'll also need to find space for storage. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了选择假的圣诞树来装点节日氛围的优点及缺点。 1．What does the underlined word “reluctant” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Passive. B．Related. C．Unwilling. D．Supportive. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“but not so many of us like the realities of dragging a 7ft Norway spruce through the house and leaving needles all over the place”可知，如果你不乐意拖着7英尺的挪威云杉进屋，你可以选择一棵假树。由此可推知，reluctant的意思是“不乐意的”。故选C。 2．Which is the benefit of buying an artificial Christmas tree? A．Abundant choices. B．The lovely pine smell. C．Cheaper than a real one. D．Free for transportation. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There's a huge range of options and sizes, including pre－lit trees, which will save you the frustration of trying to string your own lights.”可知，人们在挑选假的圣诞树时，好处是可以有很多的选择。故选A。 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Fake Christmas trees are environmentally friendly. B．British people like to drag a real Christmas tree home. C．People need to find space to store a fake Christmas tree. D．People may get three more if they buy two fake Christmas trees. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You'll also need to find space for storage.”可知，你需要空间来储藏假的圣诞树。故选C。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Different reasons for choosing fake Christmas trees. B．Valuable suggestions on choosing fake Christmas trees. C．Efficient ways of saving money on choosing Christmas trees. D．Advantages and disadvantages of choosing fake Christmas trees. 答案：D 解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Another big bonus of ...”及第五段中的“Are there any downsides？”和最后一段中的“Another problem ...”可知，本文主要介绍了选择假的圣诞树来装点节日氛围的优缺点。故选D。 B Christmas is the biggest holiday in many countries including the US and the UK. Decorating Christmas trees, giving gifts and singing Christmas songs are just a few of the traditions that the two nations share. However, just as there are many cultural differences between the two, Christmas is not the same on both sides of the Atlantic. BBC has pointed out some differences. According to BBC, the language of Christmas is not completely the same in the US and UK. “Americans will appear confused or chuckle (暗自笑) to themselves if you wish them ‘Happy Christmas’ instead of ‘Merry Christmas’，” BBC said. In addition, the shortening of Christmas to “Chrimbo” is almost unknown in the US. Another difference is the name of the white­bearded man. British people usually call him “Father Christmas” while Americans refer to him only as “Santa Claus” or simply “Santa”． A good, old US Christmas dinner doesn't necessarily (必然地) have turkey. BBC explained that Americans prepare special food for Thanksgiving, and they often go for ham or roast beef on Christmas Day. Christmas cake, and Christmas pudding are popular desserts in the UK. In the US, however, your post­meal treat will probably be one of the following: pumpkin pie, fruit cake, apple pie, or sweet potato pie. In the US, but not in the UK, the beautiful Christmas decorations you see in films are real, and some people even turn their houses into light shows, according to BBC. “Driving through American suburbia (郊区) at Christmas can sometimes feel like a tour of Disney World，” the news network described. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于美国和英国圣诞节的一些不同点，例如语言、餐点和圣诞装饰。 5．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．“Chrimbo” is more widely used in the UK. B．We'd better say “Happy Christmas” to Americans. C．The white­bearded man is usually called “Father Christmas” in the US. D．The language of Christmas is almost the same in the US and UK. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Chrimbo’ is almost unknown in the US”可知，在美国，人们几乎不知道的Chrimbo在英国却被广泛使用。故选A。 6．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Christmas in the World B．Christmas and Traditions C．The Importance of Christmas D．Christmas on Both Sides of the Atlantic 答案：D 解析：标题判断题。根据第一段中的“However, just as there are many cultural differences between the two, Christmas is not the same on both sides of the Atlantic.”可知，本文主要介绍了大西洋两岸的英国和美国圣诞节有所差异。故选D。 7．Where does the passage probably come from? A．A science magazine. B．A culture magazine. C．A guide book. D．A business report. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文讲的是英美两国的圣诞文化，由此可推知，本文应来自文化杂志。故选B。 C Christmas is still a few weeks away. But in Holland, Germany and other parts of central Europe, man dressed in red with a big white beard will already be flying from house to house with a big sack and presents for children. “Sinterklaas komt！” as Dutch children say—Saint Nicholas is coming! It's obvious from the name that “Santa Claus” comes from “Sinterklaas”. Saint Nicholas Day is celebrated on December 6, but there are many things about the saint and his festival that are similar to Christmas. Just as Santa has reindeer, so Sinterklaas has a white horse. Dutch and German children put their shoes out in front of the chimney just like children hang up their stockings on Christmas Eve, hoping that in the morning they will be full of presents. With Sinterklaas, however, you're also expected to put a carrot in your shoe as a present to his horse. Like Santa, Sinterklaas also judges whether children have been “naughty or nice” in the past year to help him decide whether they deserve presents. But while good children get sweets, the consequences of being bad are far worse than they are with Father Christmas. Naughty children are given a stick so their parents can beat them. If you are really, really bad, Sinterklaas will put you into a sack and take you away. In parts of Germany and Austria, people also celebrate December 5, but it is a celebration of naughtiness rather than niceness. On “Krampus Day”， bizarre, horned demons (or rather boys dressed in costumes) run around causing havoc and hitting girls with sticks. Authorities have struggled for years to ban the tradition, but have not been successful. Luckily Saint Nicholas always comes next day to put things right. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Saint Nicholas Day (圣尼古拉斯节)相关的节日习俗。 8．Which of the following statements about Saint Nicholas is mentioned? A．The festival falls on December 5 in most European countries. B．On the eve of Saint Nicholas Day, people usually eat carrots. C．In Germany, children expect to get gifts in their shoes on Saint Nicholas Day. D．Like Santa, Sinterklaas is believed to ride his reindeer from house to house to give gifts to children. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dutch and German children put their shoes ... hoping that in the morning they will be full of presents.”可知，荷兰和德国的孩子们把他们的鞋子放在烟囱前，就像圣诞前夜孩子们把他们的袜子挂起来一样，希望早上鞋子里面会装满礼物。由此可知，C项(在德国，孩子们希望在圣尼古拉斯节收到放在鞋子里的礼物。)符合题意。故选C。 9．What can we conclude from Paragraph 3? A．Naughty children don't get anything from Sinterklaas. B．As well as children, Sinterklaas also brings gifts for adults. C．Sinterklaas is more generous than Father Christmas. D．Sinterklaas treats good children better than naughty children. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But while good children get sweets ... take you away.”可知，虽然好孩子能得到糖果，但坏孩子所面临的后果要比圣诞老人那里严重得多。淘气的孩子得到一根棍子，这样他们的父母就可以打他们。如果你真的很坏，圣尼古拉斯会把你装进袋子里带走。由此可推知，圣尼古拉斯对待好孩子比对待淘气的孩子好。故选D。 10．What is the attitude of authorities towards Krampus Day traditions, according to the article? A．They don't like some of the traditions and want to stop them. B．They organize various activities to entertain people. C．They respect the way people celebrate the traditions. D．They regard it as an important tradition and try to make it popular. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Authorities have struggled for years to ban the tradition, but have not been successful.”可知，政府多年来一直努力禁止这一传统，但一直没有成功。由此可推知，政府不喜欢Krampus Day(克拉普斯节)的某些传统，想要禁止它们。故选A。 11．What is the main focus of the article? A．The history of Christmas Day. B．The traditions of Saint Nicholas Day. C．The differences between Christmas Day and Saint Nicholas Day. D．The connection between Saint Nicholas Day and Krampus Day. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了圣尼古拉斯节相关的节日习俗，即文章主要是关于圣尼古拉斯节的传统。故选B。 D Last year I went to the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and it blew my mind. It had been my dream to attend the famous carnival for many years, so I was excited. However, the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets. They say that five or six million people come to Rio during carnival time and about two million of them are on the streets on any given day. Luckily, I had a local guide, my sister's friend Ronnie. He said he would take care of me and show me around at the carnival. He did not let me down. Well, the carnival is all about the samba. It's a style of music and dance which has its origins in Africa. Lots of Africans were used as slave labor by the Portuguese when Brazil was being conquered, so this mixed culture of African, Latin and European styles is really strong here. Samba music is usually fast and exciting with a lot of drums and harmonic vocals (和声). It's the kind of music that you couldn't help dancing to. And I was learning that as I followed Ronnie through the crowd, I couldn't help moving my hips and shoulders. Ronnie had got us tickets for the samba parade inside the Sambadrome where the top samba schools compete for the championship, but we still had a long way to go through the street parties. He said most people enjoy the carnival by making their own parties in the street. About the samba parade, twelve main teams compete for the championship, and if they win, their performance will be talked about for years to come. So, you must be wondering how it was. Well, I'm afraid I can't tell you. Ronnie and I never made into the Sambadrome. We spent the day moving from one street party to another. There were more snacks, more drinks and lots of dancing. Do I regret missing the main parade? Not at all. I experienced the carnival like the locals, and it was truly amazing. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在里约热内卢参加的一次狂欢节活动的经历。 12．How did the author feel once she arrived at the carnival? A．Disappointed. B．Anxious. C．Excited. D．Annoyed. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, the moment I arrived, I was a little bit nervous because there were so many people on the streets.”可知，作者刚到里约热内卢的时候有些紧张。故选B。 13．What can be known about samba in Paragraph 2? A．It has a strong mixed culture. B．Its music is always fast but soft. C．It is not to the taste of the author. D．It has its origins in South America. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Lots of Africans ... is really strong here.(当巴西被葡萄牙人征服时，很多非洲人被用作奴隶劳工，所以非洲、拉丁和欧洲风格的混合文化在这里非常浓厚。)”可推知，桑巴含有一种很浓厚的混合文化。故选A。 14．Why didn't the author regret missing the main parade? A．She met some amazing local people. B．She gave her own parties in the street. C．She celebrated the festival in a local way. D．She didn't have the tickets for the parade. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Do I regret missing the main parade ... it was truly amazing.”可知，作者不后悔错过了游行，因为她体验到了当地人庆祝狂欢节的方式。故选C。 15．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To recommend a helpful guide. B．To encourage people to learn samba. C．To share an unforgettable experience. D．To tell a cruel history of Rio de Janeiro. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。文章介绍了作者在里约热内卢参加的一次狂欢节活动的经历。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享作者难忘的经历。故选C。 课后课时作业(四) 　Ⅰ　阅读 The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7：30 pm. Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song. By 9：45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving. But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11：00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left, hungry and angry. Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6：30－8：30 pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8：00 pm or 8：30 pm means possible dinner, but 9：30 pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand and arrive late. But this is not always the case. If asked to a student's party at 6：30 pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight, if at all, and no one cares. Being the first to arrive—looking eager—is social death. When my mother is asked to a party at 6：30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven. My age group (late thirties) falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we're young, we're probably closer to student－time than grown－up time. The accepted custom at present is confusing, sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element (成分) of surprise. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。不同年龄段的人到达晚会的时间不同，对晚会时间的理解也不同。因此按社会习俗参加晚会是极为重要的。 1．Jane and David's story is used to show that ________． A．party－goers usually get hungry at parties B．party invitations can be confusing C．people should ask for food at parties D．birthday parties for middle－aged people are dull 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前两句“Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently.”可知，他们的经历表明印在邀请函上的文字应该表达得更清楚些。每个人读和理解邀请函的方式有所不同。由此可推知，聚会邀请函有时让人很困惑。故选B。 2．According to the author, people in their late thirties ________． A．are likely to arrive late for a party B．care little about the party time C．haven't really grown up yet D．like surprises at parties 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句中的“If asked to a student's party at 6：30 pm, it is normal for guests not to appear before midnight”和最后一句中的“we're probably closer to student­time than grown­up time”可推知，三十几岁的人和年轻人一样，参加聚会通常会迟到。故选A。 3．What is the general idea of the text? A．It's safe to arrive late just when food is served. B．It's wise to eat something before going to a party. C．It's important to follow social rules of party－going. D．It's necessary to read invitations carefully. 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段可知，尽管那些约定俗成的习俗让人感到困惑，有时令人烦恼，你可能会饿肚子回家，但是这些习俗确实给聚会增添了惊喜的成分。由此可推知，作者认为人们还是应该遵守参加聚会的风俗习惯。故选C。 Ⅱ　七选五 How to Plan a Vacation? A vacation is supposed to be a fun and relaxing break from your everyday life. __1__ Be ready to enjoy your time off by planning your travel, accommodations, and activities ahead of time. Giving yourself plenty of time to plan can be a fun way to build up excitement for your vacation. Decide why you want to travel. __2__ Thinking of whether your goal is to relax and unwind, have new adventures, see famous or ancient sights, or provide your children with lifelong memories will determine what kind of destination you should choose. __3__ Instead of making this a chore, have it be a fun activity. Over the course of a few days, weeks or other long duration you wish, spend some time talking about each place and why it would make a good destination. Research destination costs. While you may take more time after choosing a destination to find great deals on travel and hotel arrangements, doing a quick online search of approximate costs to travel to each destination may help you narrow your choices based on your budget. Choose a destination. __4__ If there is disagreement, find a way to compromise. Choose when to travel. Depending on the season, a destination which is normally too hot or cold for you to consider might have a more enjoyable climate at a different time of the year. __5__ A．Consider everyone who will be traveling with you. B．Discuss possible destinations with your fellow travelers. C．Ideally, everyone who is traveling will agree on the same place. D．However, a poorly planned vacation can end up being a major headache. E．If you know why you want to leave home, choosing a destination will be easier. F．This might also be reflected in a lower cost, if you decide to travel out of season. G．Keep in mind expenses to travel, stay and eat while you are developing your estimates. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样计划假期。 1．答案：D 解析：根据上文“A vacation is supposed to be a fun and relaxing break from your everyday life.(假期应该是你从日常生活中得到的一个有趣和放松的休息。)”和下文“Be ready to enjoy your time ... to build up excitement for your vacation.(通过提前计划你的旅行、住宿和活动来准备好享受你的假期。给自己充足的时间来计划是为你的假期建立兴奋感的一种有趣的方式。)”可知，D项(然而，一个计划不周的假期最终会成为一个大问题。)承上启下。故选D。 2．答案：E 解析：根据上文“Decide why you want to travel.(决定你为什么要旅行。)”可知，设空处是对上文进行进一步的解释说明，E项(如果你知道你为什么要离开家，选择目的地就容易多了。)符合语境。故选E。 3．答案：B 解析：设空处为该段的主题句。根据下文“Over the course of ... why it would make a good destination.(在几天、几周或其他你希望的长时间里，花点时间谈谈每个地方以及为什么它会是一个好去处。)”可知，本段主要讨论的是和同行的人讨论可能会去的目的地。B项(和你的旅伴讨论可能的目的地。)引领本段内容。故选B。 4．答案：C 解析：本段的主题句为“Choose a destination.”，根据下文“If there is disagreement, find a way to compromise.(如果有分歧，找到妥协的方法。)”可知，设空处应该是说明没有分歧的时候。C项(理想情况下，每个旅行的人都对同一个地方意见一致。)符合语境。故选C。 5．答案：F 解析：根据本段的主题句“Choose when to travel.(选择旅行的时间。)”可知，本段讨论的内容和旅行的时间有关，F项(如果你决定在淡季旅行，也可以享受较低的费用。)符合语境。故选F。 Ⅲ　语法填空 There once were a goat and a donkey __1__ lived on a farm. The donkey worked the __2__ (hard) so the farmer fed it the most food. Sometimes the donkey __3__ (give) more food than it could eat. This made the goat __4__ jealous that it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey. “Hey, donkey，” the goat said one day. “I think you do too much work on this farm. You carry such heavy __5__ (thing) from morning to night. Why don't you pretend __6__ (get) sick so you can take a day off？” The donkey thought the goat had __7__ great idea. So the next morning, the donkey lay in the stable (畜栏) on its side with its eyes __8__ (close)． Right away, the farmer called the doctor. After __9__ (look) at the donkey, the doctor said it needed a special medicine made from the heart of a goat. So the farmer killed the goat and gave the donkey medicine made from __10__ (it) heart. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。山羊因为嫉妒驴每天得到很多食物，策划对付驴，让驴装病请假，结果看了医生之后，医生说需要用山羊的心脏做药来治疗，结果农夫杀了山羊，将药喂给了驴。 1．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：从前有一只山羊和一头驴住在一个农场里。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a goat and a donkey，指物，引导词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 2．答案：hardest 解析：考查副词的最高级。句意：驴工作最辛苦，所以农夫喂它最多的食物。根据下文fed it the most food可知，此处应用副词的最高级来修饰动词worked。故填hardest。 3．答案：was given 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：有时给驴的食物多得它吃不完。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；主语the donkey和give为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为单数名词。故填was given。 4．答案：so 解析：考查固定搭配。句意：这使山羊非常嫉妒，它开始策划对付驴。so ... that ... “如此……以至于……”，为固定搭配。故填so。 5．答案：things 解析：考查名词。句意：你从早到晚都背着这么重的东西。thing为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，应用名词复数。故填things。 6．答案：to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你为什么不假装生病，好请一天假呢？pretend to do sth “假装做某事”，为固定用法。故填to get。 7．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。idea为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且great的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 8．答案：closed 解析：考查词性转换。句意：于是第二天早上，驴侧身躺在马厩里，闭着眼睛。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”为固定结构，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，表示状态。故填closed。 9．答案：looking 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在看了驴之后，医生说它需要一种用山羊心脏制成的特殊药物。After为介词，其后应用动名词作宾语。故填looking。 10．答案：its 解析：考查代词。句意：于是农夫杀了那只山羊，把用它的心脏做的药给驴吃了。修饰名词heart，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 Ⅳ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Dad and Mom had got to go on a four－day business trip. They taught their elder son Daniel and younger daughter Jane how to feed and look after their dog, Spot, how to take good care of themselves—learning to cook if they could, or ordering pizza—with money left on the table—if they were busy, and told them to keep their rooms clean and tidy. They asked Daniel to be in charge. On the very morning when the parents left, Mom kissed them and said to Daniel gently, “Young man, do take care of Spot and Jane.” Daniel promised, “I will, Mom.” Too excited to fall asleep again, Daniel and Jane jumped out of bed, calling out each other to get up. Their pet dog, Spot, heard the similar voice and rushed in, with a ball in its mouth. Jane stuck (伸) her head into Daniel's room，“Spot got up an hour earlier. Let's walk it.” Daniel said excitedly, “I'm coming, but, Jane, don't forget to keep your room clean and tidy.” “I will.” They ran with the dog in the yard and threw the ball away for Spot to bring it back. They had fun playing with Spot the whole morning. Washing Spot was slow and tiring as it was the first time they had done it. Then Daniel settled down to his homework while Jane did her reading with interest. The following day, Jane begged her brother to order pizza for lunch. Daniel agreed excitedly, “We haven't tasted that for long and we behave ourselves, right？” After a while, he added, “We should save money, too.” Within half an hour, they treated themselves to a big pizza. However, in the afternoon, Spot looked sick, lying lazily and unwilling to move. Daniel was concerned about the dog and took it to the pet clinic immediately with Jane as their parents had done. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Daniel ran into his room, with tears in his eyes, “Jane, there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.” 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。爸爸和妈妈要出差四天，哥哥Daniel (丹尼尔)要负责照顾妹妹Jane (简)和小狗Spot (斯波特)。他们学会订比萨饼当午餐，给小狗洗澡。然而Spot生病了。爸妈回来发现家里一团糟，他们会是什么反应？爸妈还会再相信Daniel吗？ [精彩范文] When Dad and Mom arrived a day earlier, they were amazed to find everything in a mess. Mom was angry and shouted, “Listen to me, young man—I left you in charge. We thought you would act like an adult, but look at the mess. The money for food has been used up but why does Spot still look hungry? What did you do with the money we left？” Jane explained anxiously, “Mummy, Spot is sick, so we spent the rest of the money taking it to the pet clinic.” Daniel ran into his room, with tears in his eyes，“Jane, there is no need to explain and Mom won't trust me any longer.” Comforting Mom, Dad said calmly, “There is probably a good explanation for everything.” Hearing the little daughter's words, Mom understood that the reason why they had no time to clean the house was that they waited for Spot at the clinic all day. Mom regretted acting so angrily and was satisfied that Daniel learnt to be responsible for others. She apologized to Daniel sincerely and hugged him in her arms, saying that “you are really growing up into a young man.” 42 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $