Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（B卷·单元测试卷）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版）《同步单元AB卷》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：本套《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型。A卷为考点梳理卷，侧重考点分层突破；B卷为单元测试卷，强化综合能力检测，助力师生高效把握教学重点，提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes的单元测试卷，主要考查词汇、词组、句式句型、情景交际功能话题、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·单元测试卷 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单词辨音（共5小题, 每小题2分, 共10分） 从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出划线部分的读音与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同的词。 1.A. earthquake B. early C. earth D. hear 2.A. flood B. food C. foot D. good 3.A. safe B. save C. sad D. cake 4.A. storm B. store C. story D. stop 5.A. help B. keep C. step D. tell 二、单项选择（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 从下面每题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 6. — What _______ we do when a typhoon comes? — We should stay indoors and close the windows. A. do B. does C. should D. will 7. — _______ is the emergency shelter? — It's near the school. We can walk there. A. How B. What C. Where D. When 8. We _______ run in the street during an earthquake. It's very dangerous. A. can B. must C. mustn't D. should 9. My father _______ me how to use a fire extinguisher last weekend. A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. will teach 10. There _______ a strong storm in our city tomorrow, according to the news. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 三、交际应用（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 用所给句子补全下面两段对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (A) A: Hi, John! Did you watch the news last night? B: No, I didn't. What happened? A: There will be a heavy rain in our city this weekend. 11 B: Oh, I didn't know that. What should we do to prepare for it? A: 12 B: Yes, you're right. I need to buy some. 13 A: We should also check the windows and doors to make sure they are closed tightly. B: 14 A: If the rain is too heavy, we shouldn't go out. We can stay at home and read books. B: 15 A: You're welcome. A. We should buy some water and food. B. What else should we do? C. Thank you for telling me these tips. D. It may cause floods in some areas. E. When will the heavy rain come? F. What should we do if the rain is too heavy? G. Do you like rainy days? 11.________ 12.________ 13.________ 14.________ 15.________ (B) A: Excuse me, sir. I'm doing a survey about disaster safety. May I ask you some questions? B: Of course. Go ahead. A: 16 B: I usually stay calm and hide under a table when an earthquake happens. A: 17 B: No, I don't. I think taking the elevator is dangerous during an earthquake. A: 18 B: I learned these safety tips from my school teacher. She taught us last year. A: 19 B: Yes, I have. I took part in a fire drill at school last month. A: 20 B: It was useful. I learned how to use a fire extinguisher and how to escape from a burning building. A: Thanks for your time! B: You're welcome. A. Do you take the elevator during an earthquake? B. How do you usually protect yourself during an earthquake? C. What do you think of the fire drill? D. Have you ever taken part in a disaster drill? E. Where did you learn these safety tips? F. Do you like the fire drill? G. When did you take part in the fire drill? 16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ 四、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, a small earthquake happened in Tom's city. Tom was at home with his family when it started. At first, Tom felt the floor 21_______. He didn't know what was happening. His father shouted, "Earthquake! Stay calm! 22_______ under the table!" Tom and his sister quickly hid under the dining table. Their mother ran to close the windows and turn off the gas. After a few seconds, the earthquake 23_______. Tom's father told them, "We shouldn't go out right now. There may be aftershocks." Later, they turned on the TV to watch the news. The news said the earthquake was not very 24_______, and no one was hurt. But some houses were damaged. The government asked people to 25_______ their houses for damage. The next day, Tom went to school. His teacher talked about earthquake safety with the class. She said, "When an earthquake happens, 26_______ panic. If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk. If you are outdoors, stay away from 27_______ and trees. Don't take the elevator." The teacher also told the students to 28_______ an emergency kit at home. The kit should have water, food, a flashlight and a first-aid kit. "It will help you if you are in 29_______," the teacher said. Tom learned a lot from this experience. He knows it's important to know about disaster safety. He also knows that staying calm is the most important thing to do 30_______ a disaster. 21.A. shake B. shakes C. shook D. shaking 22.A. Hide B. Hides C. Hiding D. Hid 23.A. started B. stopped C. began D. continued 24.A. strong B. weak C. small D. big 25.A. look B. check C. see D. watch 26.A. don't B. not C. doesn't D. no 27.A. houses B. buildings C. rooms D. schools 28.A. make B. do C. have D. get 29.A. danger B. safe C. safety D. dangerous 30.A. during B. after C. before D. with 五、阅读理解（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (A) Disaster safety is important for everyone. Knowing what to do during a disaster can save lives. Here are some safety tips for common disasters. Earthquakes: When an earthquake happens, stay calm. If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Do not take the elevator. If you are outdoors, stay in an open area. Stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. Typhoons: Before a typhoon, prepare enough water, food and candles. Close all windows and doors tightly. Put outdoor things like flowers and bikes inside. During a typhoon, stay indoors. Do not go out, even if the wind stops for a short time—it may start again soon. Fires: If there is a fire, get out of the building quickly. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. Do not use the elevator. If you cannot get out, stay in a room with a window. Close the door and put wet cloths at the bottom of the door to stop smoke from coming in. Call for help by shouting or waving a bright cloth. 31. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to prepare for disasters. B. Safety tips for common disasters. C. What to do after disasters. D. Why disasters are dangerous. 32. What should you do if you are indoors during an earthquake? A. Take the elevator to get out quickly. B. Hide under a strong table. C. Stand near the window to see outside. D. Move heavy furniture to the middle of the room. 33. What should you do before a typhoon? A. Go out to buy some food. B. Put outdoor things inside. C. Open the windows to let fresh air in. D. Ride bikes in the park. 34. How can you avoid breathing in smoke during a fire? A. By using the elevator. B. By staying in a room with no window. C. By covering your mouth and nose with a wet towel. D. By shouting for help. 35. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Stay calm during an earthquake. B. Do not go out during a typhoon. C. Use the elevator to escape during a fire. D. Prepare candles before a typhoon. (B) Last year, a flood happened in Lisa's village. Lisa was at home with her little brother when the flood came. At first, they heard heavy rain outside. Soon, water started to come into their house through the doors and windows. Lisa's parents were not at home—they were working in the field. Lisa was scared, but she remembered what her teacher taught her about flood safety. She picked up her little brother and carried him to the second floor of their house. The water kept rising, but the second floor was high enough. Lisa found a radio and a phone. She turned on the radio and heard the news: the government was sending rescue teams to help people in the flooded areas. Then she used the phone to call her parents. She told them to stay in a safe place and not to come back home. After a few hours, a rescue boat arrived near their house. The rescuers shouted to Lisa, "Throw a rope to us!" Lisa threw a rope to them, and they pulled the boat to the house. Lisa and her brother got on the boat safely. Later, Lisa and her brother met their parents at the emergency shelter. They were all safe. Lisa's parents were very proud of her. "You were brave and calm," they said. "You saved yourself and your brother." 36. What happened in Lisa's village last year? A. An earthquake. B. A typhoon. C. A flood. D. A fire. 37. Where were Lisa's parents when the flood came? A. At home. B. In the field. C. In the shelter. D. On a rescue boat. 38. What did Lisa do first when the flood came? A. She called her parents. B. She turned on the radio. C. She carried her brother to the second floor. D. She threw a rope to the rescuers. 39. How did Lisa and her brother get on the rescue boat? A. The rescuers climbed into the house. B. Lisa and her brother jumped into the boat. C. The rescuers pulled the boat to the house with a rope. D. The boat was big enough to reach the second floor. 40. Why were Lisa's parents proud of her? A. Because she found a radio and a phone. B. Because she stayed calm and saved her brother. C. Because she called the rescue team. D. Because she stayed in the shelter safely. 六、句型转换（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 按下面各题要求完成句型转换，每空一词。 41. We should stay indoors during a typhoon.（改为一般疑问句） _______ we _______ indoors during a typhoon? 42. They hide under the table when an earthquake happens.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ they _______ when an earthquake happens? 43. The emergency shelter is near the school.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ the emergency shelter? 44. We can use a wet towel to cover our mouths.（改为否定句） We _______ _______ a wet towel to cover our mouths. 45. He learned disaster safety tips from his teacher.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ he _______ disaster safety tips? 七、书面表达（共 10 分） 1.假设你是李华，你的笔友 Peter 来信询问你所在城市应对台风的安全措施。请你根据以下提示给 Peter 回一封电子邮件。 提示： 2.台风前：准备水、食物、蜡烛；检查门窗，关好窗户；将户外物品移到室内； 3.台风时：待在室内，不外出；远离窗户；不使用电器； 4.台风后：待确认安全后再外出；清理家中积水；注意掉落的电线和树木。 要求： 1.词数 60-80 左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3.包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥。 【详解】本次书面表达要求以电子邮件形式回复笔友，核心需涵盖 “台风前、台风时、台风后” 的安全措施，紧扣 “灾害应对” 的单元主题。写作时需注意电子邮件格式（开头问候、结尾祝福），用 “Before/During/After a typhoon” 梳理逻辑，确保语法正确、语句简洁，符合词数要求。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套《同步单元AB卷》紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（外研版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型。A卷为考点梳理卷，侧重考点分层突破；B卷为单元测试卷，强化综合能力检测，助力师生高效把握教学重点，提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 本卷是Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes的单元测试卷，主要考查词汇、词组、句式句型、情景交际功能话题、阅读能力和书面表达能力。 Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes B卷·单元测试卷 考试时间：60分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单词辨音（共5小题, 每小题2分, 共10分） 从下面每题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出划线部分的读音与其他三个单词划线部分读音不同的词。 1.A. earthquake B. early C. earth D. hear 【答案】D 【详解】考查字母组合 “ear” 的发音。A、B、C 选项中划线部分 “ear” 发音均为 /ɜː/；D 选项中划线部分 “ear” 发音为 /ɪə/，与其他三项不同。故选 D。 2.A. flood B. food C. foot D. good 【答案】A 【详解】考查字母组合 “oo” 的发音。B、C、D 选项中划线部分 “oo” 发音均为 /ʊ/；A 选项中划线部分 “oo” 发音为 /ʌ/，与其他三项不同。故选 A。 3.A. safe B. save C. sad D. cake 【答案】C 【详解】考查字母 “a” 的发音。A、B、D 选项中划线部分 “a” 发音均为 /eɪ/；C 选项中划线部分 “a” 发音为 /æ/，与其他三项不同。故选 C。 4.A. storm B. store C. story D. stop 【答案】D 【详解】考查字母 “o” 的发音。A、B、C 选项中划线部分 “o” 发音均为 /ɔː/；D 选项中划线部分 “o” 发音为 /ɒ/，与其他三项不同。故选 D。 5.A. help B. keep C. step D. tell 【答案】B 【详解】考查字母组合 “ee” 和 “e” 的发音。A、C、D 选项中划线部分 “e” 发音均为 /e/；B 选项中划线部分 “ee” 发音为 /iː/，与其他三项不同。故选 B。 二、单项选择（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 从下面每题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。 6. — What _______ we do when a typhoon comes? — We should stay indoors and close the windows. A. do B. does C. should D. will 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：—— 台风来临时我们应该做什么？—— 我们应该待在室内并关上窗户。根据答语 “should”（应该）可知，问句询问 “应该做什么”，需用情态动词 “should”，C 选项符合；A、B 选项 “do/does” 是助动词，用于一般现在时的疑问句，不表 “应该”；D 选项 “will” 表将来，不符合 “询问应对措施” 的语境。故选 C。 7. — _______ is the emergency shelter? — It's near the school. We can walk there. A. How B. What C. Where D. When 【答案】C 【详解】考查疑问词的辨析。句意：—— 应急避难所在哪里？—— 在学校附近，我们可以步行去那里。根据答语 “near the school”（学校附近）可知，是在询问地点，“Where”（哪里）符合语境；A 选项 “How” 询问方式；B 选项 “What” 询问事物；D 选项 “When” 询问时间，均不符合。故选 C。 8. We _______ run in the street during an earthquake. It's very dangerous. A. can B. must C. mustn't D. should 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：地震期间我们禁止在街上跑，这非常危险。根据 “dangerous”（危险的）可知，应是 “禁止” 跑步，“mustn't”（禁止）符合语境；A 选项 “can”（可以）、B 选项 “must”（必须）、D 选项 “should”（应该）均与 “危险” 的语境相反。故选 C。 9. My father _______ me how to use a fire extinguisher last weekend. A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. will teach 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：上周末我爸爸教我如何使用灭火器。根据 “last weekend”（上周末）可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用 “taught”，C 选项符合；A 选项 “teach” 是动词原形；B 选项 “teaches” 是第三人称单数形式；D 选项 “will teach” 是一般将来时，均不符合时态要求。故选 C。 10. There _______ a strong storm in our city tomorrow, according to the news. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 【答案】C 【详解】考查 there be 句型的时态。句意：根据新闻，明天我们城市将有一场强暴风雨。根据 “tomorrow”（明天）可知，时态为一般将来时，there be 句型的一般将来时为 “there will be”，C 选项符合；A 选项 “is” 是一般现在时；B 选项 “was” 是一般过去时；D 选项 “has been” 是现在完成时，均不符合时态要求。故选 C。 三、交际应用（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 用所给句子补全下面两段对话。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (A) A: Hi, John! Did you watch the news last night? B: No, I didn't. What happened? A: There will be a heavy rain in our city this weekend. 11 B: Oh, I didn't know that. What should we do to prepare for it? A: 12 B: Yes, you're right. I need to buy some. 13 A: We should also check the windows and doors to make sure they are closed tightly. B: 14 A: If the rain is too heavy, we shouldn't go out. We can stay at home and read books. B: 15 A: You're welcome. A. We should buy some water and food. B. What else should we do? C. Thank you for telling me these tips. D. It may cause floods in some areas. E. When will the heavy rain come? F. What should we do if the rain is too heavy? G. Do you like rainy days? 11.________ 12.________ 13.________ 14.________ 15.________ 【答案】11.D 12.A 13.B 14.F 15.C 【详解】 11.【答案】D 【详解】考查对灾害影响的衔接。根据前文 “There will be a heavy rain...”（周末将有大雨）和后文 “prepare for it”（为此做准备）可知，此处需说明大雨可能带来的影响，引出 “准备” 的必要性。选项 D“It may cause floods in some areas.”（它可能在一些地区引发洪水）符合语境，故选 D 项。 12.【答案】A 【详解】考查对准备措施的回应。根据问句 “What should we do to prepare for it?”（我们应该做些什么来准备？）可知，答句需给出具体的准备措施。选项 A“We should buy some water and food.”（我们应该买些水和食物）是应对暴雨的常见准备措施，符合语境，故选 A 项。 13.【答案】B 【详解】考查对更多措施的询问。根据前文提到 “买水和食物”，以及后文 “We should also check...”（我们还应该检查……）可知，此处需询问 “还有其他要做的吗”。选项 B“What else should we do?”（我们还应该做些什么？）符合逻辑，故选 B 项。 14.【答案】F 【详解】考查对特殊情况应对措施的询问。根据答语 “If the rain is too heavy, we shouldn't go out.”（如果雨太大，我们不应该出去）可知，问句需询问 “雨太大时该做什么”。选项 F“What should we do if the rain is too heavy?”（如果雨太大，我们应该做什么？）符合语境，故选 F 项。 15.【答案】C 【详解】考查对感谢的回应。根据答语 “You're welcome.”（不客气）可知，前文需是感谢对方的建议。选项 C“Thank you for telling me these tips.”（谢谢你告诉我这些建议）符合交际礼仪，故选 C 项。 (B) A: Excuse me, sir. I'm doing a survey about disaster safety. May I ask you some questions? B: Of course. Go ahead. A: 16 B: I usually stay calm and hide under a table when an earthquake happens. A: 17 B: No, I don't. I think taking the elevator is dangerous during an earthquake. A: 18 B: I learned these safety tips from my school teacher. She taught us last year. A: 19 B: Yes, I have. I took part in a fire drill at school last month. A: 20 B: It was useful. I learned how to use a fire extinguisher and how to escape from a burning building. A: Thanks for your time! B: You're welcome. A. Do you take the elevator during an earthquake? B. How do you usually protect yourself during an earthquake? C. What do you think of the fire drill? D. Have you ever taken part in a disaster drill? E. Where did you learn these safety tips? F. Do you like the fire drill? G. When did you take part in the fire drill? 16.________ 17.________ 18.________ 19.________ 20.________ 【答案】11.B 12.A 13.E 14.D 15.C 【详解】 16.考查对地震防护方式的询问。根据答语 “I usually stay calm and hide under a table when an earthquake happens.”（地震发生时，我通常保持冷静并躲在桌子下面）可知，问句需询问 “地震时如何保护自己”。选项 B“How do you usually protect yourself during an earthquake?”（地震时你通常如何保护自己？）符合语境，故选 B 项。 17.考查对是否乘电梯的询问。根据答语 “No, I don't. I think taking the elevator is dangerous...”（不，我不乘。我认为地震时乘电梯很危险）可知，问句需是一般疑问句，询问 “是否乘电梯”。选项 A“Do you take the elevator during an earthquake?”（地震时你乘电梯吗？）符合语境，故选 A 项。 18.考查对安全知识来源的询问。根据答语 “I learned these safety tips from my school teacher.”（我从学校老师那里学到了这些安全知识）可知，问句需询问 “从哪里学到这些知识”。选项 E“Where did you learn these safety tips?”（你从哪里学到这些安全知识的？）符合语境，故选 E 项。 19.考查对是否参加过演练的询问。根据答语 “Yes, I have. I took part in a fire drill...”（是的，我参加过。我上个月在学校参加了消防演练）可知，问句需是现在完成时的一般疑问句，询问 “是否参加过灾害演练”。选项 D“Have you ever taken part in a disaster drill?”（你参加过灾害演练吗？）符合语境，故选 D 项。 20.考查对演练评价的询问。根据答语 “It was useful. I learned how to...”（它很有用，我学会了如何……）可知，问句需询问 “对消防演练的看法”。选项 C“What do you think of the fire drill?”（你觉得消防演练怎么样？）符合语境，故选 C 项。 四、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last month, a small earthquake happened in Tom's city. Tom was at home with his family when it started. At first, Tom felt the floor 21_______. He didn't know what was happening. His father shouted, "Earthquake! Stay calm! 22_______ under the table!" Tom and his sister quickly hid under the dining table. Their mother ran to close the windows and turn off the gas. After a few seconds, the earthquake 23_______. Tom's father told them, "We shouldn't go out right now. There may be aftershocks." Later, they turned on the TV to watch the news. The news said the earthquake was not very 24_______, and no one was hurt. But some houses were damaged. The government asked people to 25_______ their houses for damage. The next day, Tom went to school. His teacher talked about earthquake safety with the class. She said, "When an earthquake happens, 26_______ panic. If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk. If you are outdoors, stay away from 27_______ and trees. Don't take the elevator." The teacher also told the students to 28_______ an emergency kit at home. The kit should have water, food, a flashlight and a first-aid kit. "It will help you if you are in 29_______," the teacher said. Tom learned a lot from this experience. He knows it's important to know about disaster safety. He also knows that staying calm is the most important thing to do 30_______ a disaster. 21.A. shake B. shakes C. shook D. shaking 22.A. Hide B. Hides C. Hiding D. Hid 23.A. started B. stopped C. began D. continued 24.A. strong B. weak C. small D. big 25.A. look B. check C. see D. watch 26.A. don't B. not C. doesn't D. no 27.A. houses B. buildings C. rooms D. schools 28.A. make B. do C. have D. get 29.A. danger B. safe C. safety D. dangerous 30.A. during B. after C. before D. with 【答案】21.D 22.A 23.B 24.A 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.A 30.A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过汤姆的亲身经历，讲述了地震发生时的应对措施、地震后的情况，以及老师教授的地震安全知识，突出 “灾害应对与安全” 的主题。 【详解】 21. 考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，汤姆感觉到地板在摇晃。“feel + 宾语 + doing” 表示 “感觉到某物正在做某事”，此处需用现在分词 “shaking”，D 选项符合；A 选项 “shake” 是动词原形；B 选项 “shakes” 是第三人称单数形式；C 选项 “shook” 是过去式，均不符合 “feel + doing” 的结构。故选 D。 22. 考查祈使句。句意：躲到桌子下面！根据语境，此处是父亲发出的指令，需用祈使句，以动词原形开头，A 选项 “Hide”（动词原形）符合；B 选项 “Hides” 是第三人称单数形式；C 选项 “Hiding” 是现在分词；D 选项 “Hid” 是过去式，均不符合祈使句结构。故选 A。 23. 考查动词辨析。句意：几秒钟后，地震停止了。根据后文 “go out right now”“aftershocks”（余震）可知，主震 “停止” 了，B 选项 “stopped”（停止）符合；A 选项 “started”（开始）、C 选项 “began”（开始）与 “after a few seconds”（几秒钟后）逻辑不符；D 选项 “continued”（继续）与 “准备外出” 的语境不符。故选 B。 24. 考查形容词辨析。句意：新闻说这次地震不是很强烈，没有人受伤。根据 “no one was hurt”（没人受伤）可知，地震 “不强烈”，A 选项 “strong”（强烈的）符合；B 选项 “weak”（微弱的）与 “not very” 搭配后表示 “不是很微弱”，与 “没人受伤” 逻辑不符；C 选项 “small”（小的）、D 选项 “big”（大的）描述地震规模，不如 “strong”（强烈的）准确。故选 A。 25. 考查动词辨析。句意：政府要求人们检查自己的房子是否有损坏。“check...for damage” 是固定搭配（检查…… 是否有损坏），B 选项 “check”（检查）符合；A 选项 “look”（看）需搭配 “at”；C 选项 “see”（看见）、D 选项 “watch”（观看）均不符合 “检查损坏” 的语义。故选 B。 26. 考查祈使句的否定。句意：地震发生时，不要恐慌。祈使句的否定形式为 “don't + 动词原形”，A 选项 “don't” 符合；B 选项 “not” 需搭配 “do not”；C 选项 “doesn't” 用于第三人称单数；D 选项 “no” 后接名词，均不符合祈使句否定结构。故选 A。 27. 考查名词辨析。句意：如果你在户外，要远离建筑物和树木。户外遇到地震时，需远离 “高大建筑物”，以防建筑物倒塌造成伤害，B 选项 “buildings”（建筑物，泛指）符合；A 选项 “houses”（房屋，侧重住宅）、C 选项 “rooms”（房间，室内）、D 选项 “schools”（学校，特定场所）均不如 “buildings” 全面，故选 B。 28. 考查动词辨析。句意：老师还告诉学生们家里要准备一个应急包。“have an emergency kit” 表示 “拥有 / 准备一个应急包”，C 选项 “have”（拥有，准备）符合语境；A 选项 “make”（制作）、B 选项 “do”（做）、D 选项 “get”（获得）均不如 “have” 贴合 “日常准备应急包” 的语义，故选 C。 29. 考查名词辨析。句意：“如果你处于危险中，它（应急包）会帮到你。” 老师说。“in danger” 是固定搭配（处于危险中），A 选项 “danger”（危险，名词）符合；B 选项 “safe”（安全的，形容词）、C 选项 “safety”（安全，名词，不与 “in” 搭配）、D 选项 “dangerous”（危险的，形容词）均不符合 “in + 名词” 的结构，故选 A。 30. 考查介词辨析。句意：他也知道，灾害发生时保持冷静是最重要的事。“during a disaster” 表示 “在灾害期间”，符合 “地震发生时保持冷静” 的语境，A 选项 “during”（在…… 期间）符合；B 选项 “after”（在…… 之后）、C 选项 “before”（在…… 之前）均不符合 “保持冷静的时机”；D 选项 “with”（和…… 一起）与 “disaster” 搭配语义不通，故选 A。 五、阅读理解（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (A) Disaster safety is important for everyone. Knowing what to do during a disaster can save lives. Here are some safety tips for common disasters. Earthquakes: When an earthquake happens, stay calm. If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Do not take the elevator. If you are outdoors, stay in an open area. Stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. Typhoons: Before a typhoon, prepare enough water, food and candles. Close all windows and doors tightly. Put outdoor things like flowers and bikes inside. During a typhoon, stay indoors. Do not go out, even if the wind stops for a short time—it may start again soon. Fires: If there is a fire, get out of the building quickly. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. Do not use the elevator. If you cannot get out, stay in a room with a window. Close the door and put wet cloths at the bottom of the door to stop smoke from coming in. Call for help by shouting or waving a bright cloth. 31. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to prepare for disasters. B. Safety tips for common disasters. C. What to do after disasters. D. Why disasters are dangerous. 32. What should you do if you are indoors during an earthquake? A. Take the elevator to get out quickly. B. Hide under a strong table. C. Stand near the window to see outside. D. Move heavy furniture to the middle of the room. 33. What should you do before a typhoon? A. Go out to buy some food. B. Put outdoor things inside. C. Open the windows to let fresh air in. D. Ride bikes in the park. 34. How can you avoid breathing in smoke during a fire? A. By using the elevator. B. By staying in a room with no window. C. By covering your mouth and nose with a wet towel. D. By shouting for help. 35. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. Stay calm during an earthquake. B. Do not go out during a typhoon. C. Use the elevator to escape during a fire. D. Prepare candles before a typhoon. 【答案】31.B 32.B 33.B 34.C 35.C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震、台风、火灾三种常见灾害的安全应对技巧，帮助人们在灾害中保护自己。 【详解】 31. 主旨大意题。短文开篇点明 “灾害安全很重要”，接着用 “Earthquakes”“Typhoons”“Fires” 分别介绍三种常见灾害的安全技巧，核心是 “常见灾害的安全提示”，B 选项符合主旨；A 选项（如何为灾害做准备）、C 选项（灾害后做什么）仅为部分细节；D 选项（灾害为何危险）未在文中提及。故选 B 项。 32. 细节理解题。根据短文 “Earthquakes” 部分第二句 “If you are indoors, hide under a strong table or desk.” 可知，地震时在室内应躲在结实的桌子下，B 选项符合；A 选项（乘电梯快速离开）、C 选项（站在窗边看外面）、D 选项（把重家具移到房间中间）均与文中 “不要乘电梯”“远离窗户” 的提示相反。故选 B 项。 33. 细节理解题。根据短文 “Typhoons” 部分第二句 “Put outdoor things like flowers and bikes inside.” 可知，台风前应将户外物品移到室内，B 选项符合；A 选项（出去买食物）、C 选项（开窗通风）、D 选项（在公园骑自行车）均不符合 “台风前准备” 的要求。故选 B 项。 34. 细节理解题。根据短文 “Fires” 部分第二句 “Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke.” 可知，火灾时用湿毛巾捂住口鼻可避免吸入烟雾，C 选项符合；A 选项（乘电梯）、B 选项（待在无窗房间）、D 选项（大声呼救）均与 “避免吸入烟雾” 无关。故选 C 项。 35. 细节判断题。根据短文 “Fires” 部分第三句 “Do not use the elevator.” 可知，火灾时不能乘电梯逃生，C 选项 “火灾时乘电梯逃生” 与原文不符；A 选项（地震时保持冷静）、B 选项（台风时不外出）、D 选项（台风前准备蜡烛）均与原文一致。故选 C 项。 (B) Last year, a flood happened in Lisa's village. Lisa was at home with her little brother when the flood came. At first, they heard heavy rain outside. Soon, water started to come into their house through the doors and windows. Lisa's parents were not at home—they were working in the field. Lisa was scared, but she remembered what her teacher taught her about flood safety. She picked up her little brother and carried him to the second floor of their house. The water kept rising, but the second floor was high enough. Lisa found a radio and a phone. She turned on the radio and heard the news: the government was sending rescue teams to help people in the flooded areas. Then she used the phone to call her parents. She told them to stay in a safe place and not to come back home. After a few hours, a rescue boat arrived near their house. The rescuers shouted to Lisa, "Throw a rope to us!" Lisa threw a rope to them, and they pulled the boat to the house. Lisa and her brother got on the boat safely. Later, Lisa and her brother met their parents at the emergency shelter. They were all safe. Lisa's parents were very proud of her. "You were brave and calm," they said. "You saved yourself and your brother." 36. What happened in Lisa's village last year? A. An earthquake. B. A typhoon. C. A flood. D. A fire. 37. Where were Lisa's parents when the flood came? A. At home. B. In the field. C. In the shelter. D. On a rescue boat. 38. What did Lisa do first when the flood came? A. She called her parents. B. She turned on the radio. C. She carried her brother to the second floor. D. She threw a rope to the rescuers. 39. How did Lisa and her brother get on the rescue boat? A. The rescuers climbed into the house. B. Lisa and her brother jumped into the boat. C. The rescuers pulled the boat to the house with a rope. D. The boat was big enough to reach the second floor. 40. Why were Lisa's parents proud of her? A. Because she found a radio and a phone. B. Because she stayed calm and saved her brother. C. Because she called the rescue team. D. Because she stayed in the shelter safely. 【答案】36.C 37.B 38.C 39.C 40.B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了莉萨在村庄遭遇洪水时，凭借老师教的洪水安全知识，冷静地保护弟弟并等待救援的故事，体现了 “灾害中保持冷静与运用安全知识” 的重要性。 【详解】 36. 细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一句 “Last year, a flood happened in Lisa's village.” 可知，莉萨的村庄去年发生了洪水，C 选项符合。故选 C 项。 37. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段第一句 “Lisa's parents were not at home—they were working in the field.” 可知，洪水来临时莉萨的父母在田里干活，B 选项符合。故选 B 项。 38. 细节理解题。根据短文第二段第三句 “She picked up her little brother and carried him to the second floor of their house.” 可知，洪水来临时莉萨首先把弟弟抱到二楼，C 选项符合；A 选项（给父母打电话）、B 选项（打开收音机）、D 选项（给救援人员扔绳子）均在之后发生。故选 C 项。 39. 细节理解题。根据短文第四段第三句 “Lisa threw a rope to them, and they pulled the boat to the house.” 可知，救援人员用绳子把船拉到房子旁，莉萨和弟弟才上了船，C 选项符合；A 选项（救援人员爬进房子）、B 选项（莉萨和弟弟跳进船里）、D 选项（船足够大到能到二楼）均与原文不符。故选 C 项。 40. 细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第三、四句 “You were brave and calm,"they said."You saved yourself and your brother." 可知，莉萨的父母为她骄傲是因为她冷静且救了弟弟，B 选项符合；A 选项（找到收音机和电话）、C 选项（给救援队打电话）、D 选项（安全待在避难所）均不是父母骄傲的主要原因。故选 B 项。 六、句型转换（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 按下面各题要求完成句型转换，每空一词。 41. We should stay indoors during a typhoon.（改为一般疑问句） _______ we _______ indoors during a typhoon? 【答案】Should; stay 【详解】考查含情态动词的一般疑问句。原句意为 “台风期间我们应该待在室内”，含情态动词 “should” 的句子变一般疑问句时，将 “should” 提到句首，首字母大写，后面接动词原形 “stay”。故填 Should; stay。 42. They hide under the table when an earthquake happens.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ they _______ when an earthquake happens? 【答案】What do; do 【详解】考查对动作的提问。原句意为 “地震发生时他们躲在桌子下面”，划线部分 “hide under the table” 是 “做的动作”，对动作提问用 “What”，主语 “They” 是复数，借助助动词 “do”，后面接动词原形 “do”（代替原动作）。故填 What do; do。 43. The emergency shelter is near the school.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ the emergency shelter? 【答案】Where is 【详解】考查对地点的提问。原句意为 “应急避难所在学校附近”，划线部分 “near the school” 是地点，对地点提问用 “Where”，将 be 动词 “is” 提到主语前。故填 Where is。 44. We can use a wet towel to cover our mouths.（改为否定句） We _______ _______ a wet towel to cover our mouths. 【答案】can't use 【详解】考查含情态动词的否定句。原句意为 “我们可以用湿毛巾捂住嘴”，含情态动词 “can” 的句子变否定句时，在 “can” 后加 “not”，缩写为 “can't”，后面接动词原形 “use”。故填 can't use。 45. He learned disaster safety tips from his teacher.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ he _______ disaster safety tips? 【答案】Where did; learn 【详解】考查对来源的提问。原句意为 “他从老师那里学到了灾害安全知识”，划线部分 “from his teacher” 是 “学习的来源”，对来源提问用 “Where”，原句时态为一般过去时，借助助动词 “did”，后面接动词原形 “learn”。故填 Where did; learn。 七、书面表达（共 10 分） 假设你是李华，你的笔友 Peter 来信询问你所在城市应对台风的安全措施。请你根据以下提示给 Peter 回一封电子邮件。 提示： 1.台风前：准备水、食物、蜡烛；检查门窗，关好窗户；将户外物品移到室内； 2.台风时：待在室内，不外出；远离窗户；不使用电器； 3.台风后：待确认安全后再外出；清理家中积水；注意掉落的电线和树木。 要求： 1.词数 60-80 左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3.包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 Dear Peter, I'm glad to get your email. You asked about the safety measures for typhoons in my city. Let me tell you. Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles. We check doors and windows and close windows tightly. We also move outdoor things inside. During a typhoon, we stay indoors and don't go out. We keep away from windows and don't use electrical appliances. After a typhoon, we go out only when it's safe. We clean water in our houses and watch out for fallen power lines and trees. What about typhoon safety in your country? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文（电子邮件）。文章以李华的视角，向笔友 Peter 介绍了所在城市应对台风的 “前、中、后” 安全措施，内容完整且贴合 “灾害安全” 的单元主题。 【详解】本次书面表达要求以电子邮件形式回复笔友，核心需涵盖 “台风前、台风时、台风后” 的安全措施，紧扣 “灾害应对” 的单元主题。写作时需注意电子邮件格式（开头问候、结尾祝福），用 “Before/During/After a typhoon” 梳理逻辑，确保语法正确、语句简洁，符合词数要求。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累 安全措施：safety measures→ typhoon safety measures（台风安全措施，结合主题明确措施类型） 检查：check→ check carefully（仔细检查，补充副词 “carefully”，体现措施的细致性） 远离：keep away from→ stay away from（远离，同义替换，丰富表达） 电器：electrical appliances→ electrical things（电器，更简洁的口语化表达，符合邮件语境） 注意：watch out for→ be careful with（注意，同义替换，避免重复） 2. 句式拓展 （1）简单句变并列句 原句：Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles. We check doors and windows. 拓展句：Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles, and we also check doors and windows. （添加并列连词 “and”，将 “准备物品” 与 “检查门窗” 两个动作结合，使句子衔接更紧密） （2）简单句变复合句 原句：During a typhoon, we stay indoors. We don't go out. 拓展句：During a typhoon, we stay indoors so that we don't get hurt. （运用 “so that” 引导目的状语从句，说明 “待在室内” 的目的是 “不受伤”，使句子逻辑更清晰） （3）调整语序增强表达 原句：After a typhoon, we go out only when it's safe. 拓展句：After a typhoon, we only go out when the government says it's safe. （补充 “the government says”，使 “确认安全” 的表述更具体，符合实际灾害应对场景） 【点睛】 【高分句型 1】 Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles. We check doors and windows and close windows tightly. （可优化为：Before a typhoon, we not only prepare water, food and candles but also check doors and windows and close them tightly.） （运用 “not only...but also...” 连接两个准备措施，使句子结构更对称，突出措施的全面性） 【高分句型 2】 During a typhoon, we stay indoors and don't go out. We keep away from windows. （可优化为：During a typhoon, we must stay indoors and not go out, and we should also keep away from windows.） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $