Unit 8 I've had this bike for three years 生活环境（话题阅读精练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

Unit 8 I've had this bike for three years 生活环境 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读理解 记叙文 340 本文主要介绍了Kelly因为看到人们捐赠旧玩具而成立Loved Before公司的故事。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 251 文章主要讲述中国乡村在过去十年发生巨变，以黑龙江省巴查村为例，介绍其通过旅游业发展，村民致富，生活条件改善，年轻人返乡建设家乡的情况。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 应用文 166 本文主要讲述了为贫穷的非洲儿童慈善义卖的一些商品信息。 Passage2 短文填空 说明文 173 文主要通过讲述来自贵州铜仁乡村的杨秀萍和来自上海浦东区的教师陈淑敏的生活变化，介绍了我们国家的发展和变化。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 182 本文讲述了作者觉得自己曾经住过的最可爱的房子，那里有自己最美好的回忆。现在这座房子有了很大变化。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 215 本文讲述了Rosa看到社区空地堆满垃圾，提出将其改造成花园的想法并号召邻居一起参与。 Passage3 短文填空 记叙文 160 本文主要讲述了作者得阿姨回到家乡，惊讶家乡的变化。 Passage4 任务型阅读 记叙文 263 本文主要讲述了作者从庭院拍卖会中学到的生活道理。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · One man's trash is another man's treasure.一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝藏。 · Waste not, want not.不浪费，就不匮乏。 · A penny saved is a penny earned. 省下一分钱，就是赚到一分钱。 · Make old things serve the new. 古为今用，推陈出新。 · Turn a bed into a boat. 变床为舟。 · Home is where the heart is, but the heart can change its address. 心之所在即为家，但心也会改变它的 “地址”。 · All progress is change. 所有的进步都是改变。 时文阅读 Passage A（Ready for Love） When Kelly was in college, she worked at a store in her free time. The store sold secondhand goods. She found people brought some toys to donate (捐献). Kelly could tell that the toys held great sentimental (情感) value (价值) for their owners (主人). So she felt sad when the toys were sold very cheaply, put in the dog toy place, or thrown away. Kelly started doing some research. She found this wasn’t happening only in her town. She learned millions of toys ended up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) every year in the world. Kelly decided to do something and posted her ideas on the Internet. “If we can change the ideas that toys lose their value when people throw them away,” she said, “then we can show people they have so much left in them.” That’s how the Loved Before toy adoption company began. Loved Before accepts (接受) donations of toys. People can donate a soft toy through the mail, or by taking a toy to a local drop-off point in the United Kingdom. The original (原先的) owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it. Kelly and her team believe that sharing the story can make the toy special and it helps the new owner understand its value. Next, they clean, photograph, and package the toy with its name and story. Every Monday, they post the toys on the Loved Before website. The company will donate at least half of the money from the sale of each toy. Since Kelly and her team built the company in 2019, Loved Before has sold more than 50,000 toys. But the company’s goal is more than “just trying to save some toys from landfills,” she says. “We’re trying to change ideas on a really wide level.” She explains that Loved Before hopes to teach kids about the value of loving secondhand things again. 1．What did Kelly find when she worked at a store? A．People didn’t like the new toys in her store. B．People bought some new toys in the landfills. C．People threw away some of the new toys. D．People donated some toys they loved before. 2．What does the original owner do before he donates the toy? A．He makes a video and packs it well. B．He cleans it before donating. C．He writes the name and the story about the toy. D．He tells others how to play with the toy online. 3．Why does Kelly start Loved Before company? A．To take photos for the old toys. B．To reuse the materials from the old toys. C．To get more money to buy new toys. D．To teach children to value the secondhand things. Passage B（中国乡村十年巨变） Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them. The people there have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业). You Mingfen, a 57-year-old local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house. Her family also has a fishing boat. Her husband can use it to get the fresh fish. They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors. “The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October. It can bring us more than 50,000 yuan a year,” she said, “in winter, we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the leisure time. It was impossible before. At that time, we almost depended on fishing for a living.” Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. The tourism industry in Bacha brings earnings for the villagers. Last year, more than 60,000 visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable. Thanks to the good policies of the government, villagers get more ways to make money. Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown. They can not only care for their families but also build their hometown. 1．The development of ________ makes people in Bacha become rich. A．education B．farming C．fishing D．tourism 2．Which of the following about You Mingfen is TRUE? A．She is 75 years old. B．She has a one-floor house. C．She is busier in winter. D．Her gifts are well-liked by visitors. 3．The underlined word “income” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A．earnings B．payment C．cost D．movement 4．What has encouraged young people to return to Bacha Village? A．The rise in housing prices. B．The development of tourism. C．The increase in fishing opportunities. D．The lack of job opportunities in big cities. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fishing for a Living B．Beautiful Villages Project C．Great Changes in Bacha D．The Tourism Industry in China 话题写作佳句积累 1. As the saying goes, 'One man's trash is another man's treasure.' Today, we are here to prove it.” 正如谚语所说："一个人的垃圾，是另一个人的宝贝。" 今天，我们在此正为此言佐证。 2. Looking at my hometown today, I truly understand that 'Rome was not built in a day.' All the progress we see is the result of years of hard work.目睹家乡今日之貌，我深切体会到"罗马非一日建成"的真意。眼前的一切发展成就，都是经年累月辛勤付出的成果。 3. Childhood always brings back soft and sweet memories to people.童年总是勾起人们很多温柔而美好的回忆。 4. I’m interested in how my hometown is changing.我对我的家乡正在发生怎样的变化很感兴趣。 5. I’m happy to help those kids,although it’s sad to part with my favorite toy bear. 尽管和最爱的玩具熊分开很伤心,但是我还是很高兴能帮助那些孩子们。 6. I noticed that’s a true picture of my hometown.我注意到那是我家乡的真实写照。 7. I’ve had the bear when I was a baby. 当我还是小宝宝的时候,我就有了这只熊。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （23-24八年级下·宁夏银川·期末） Here are the charity sales (义卖) for the poor African children. We will give away the money we raise in the charity sales. Come and see our things. I am Nancy. I have some soft toys to sell. The teddy bear is my thirteen-year-old birthday present (礼物). It still looks very new. You only need to pay $15 for it. Other toys are very new but cheap, too. I’m David. I have an MP4 player. It works very well now. I like listening to music by it when I feel upset. And I have downloaded (下载) some pop songs into it. I hope you will like them. It costs $220. Now, you can take it with $100. I’m Henry. I want to sell some of my fiction. I began to buy fiction when I was thirteen years old. My favorite fiction is Alice in Wonderland. I have learned a lot from it. Each fiction only costs $10. 1．Who may get the money raised from the charity sales? A．Poor African children. B．Homeless American men. C．Disabled African men. D．Poor families in America. 2．How old was Nancy when she got the teddy bear? A．12 B．13 C．14 D．15 3．According to the passage, what may David do when he is unhappy? A．Listen to music. B．Watch movies. C．Read fiction. D．Play with toys. 4．How much will you pay if you buy a book from Henry? A．$5 B．$10 C．$15 D．$20 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our country has developed rapidly during the last forty years. Because of it, many Chinese people’s lives 1 (change) a lot ever since. Yang Xiuping, who has turned 40, is from a village in Tongren, Guizhou. She spent her childhood 2 (play) in the green mountains and helping her parents with farm work every day. She had many sweet childhood 3 (memory), but life was not easy for her family at that time. She wondered whether to leave her village to make a living or not. In 1993, Yang left her village and went to Shenzhen. In Shenzhen, Yang worked in a factory. About seven years ago, she 4 (return) to her hometown and set up her first company. Yang has turned 5 “a village girl” to “a boss” over the years. Chen Shumin, 43, is a teacher from a school in Shanghai’s Pudong District. 6 she started teaching at the school, there were only farmlands around the school. Nowadays, 7 subway line has been built and there are many shopping centers there. Chen said, “Many years ago, people lived in old and crowded houses, sharing toilets and kitchens. They had little 8 (person) space. At that time, I never thought I would live my life so 9 (different). Now we are all used to 10 (live) in a big apartment.” 模拟演练 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·全国） The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents when I was a child. The house seemed so huge to me as a child. And it had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. We only used it on Sundays, or when visitors came for tea. There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes. We couldn’t enjoy this beautiful furniture. I went back to the house a few weeks ago. It has changed a lot. My uncle has modernized (使……现代化) it inside, and taken away the lovely furniture. And he has knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room. Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart. When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory. 1．From the first paragraph we mainly know________. A．the house has been changed greatly B．the writer used to live with his grandparents in Crosslands C．the writer used to study in Crosslands D．the writer didn’t love Crosslands 2．When the writer was a child, he thought the house was________. A．big B．small C．modern D．ugly 3．The underlined word “sheets” means “________” in Chinese. A．床单 B．头 C．被子 D．拖把 4．What does the writer think of the house now? A．It seems much bigger now. B．It seems more comfortable. C．There is still a good memory there. D．It is a big mistake to change its style. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The writer likes today’s room better. B．The room seems smaller now. C．The old house is really bigger. D．The writer likes the old style better. Passage 2（24-25八年级下·湖南娄底·期末） Rosa’s neighborhood had an empty lot (地) full of rubbish that smelled bad, especially in summer. One day, when Rosa saw the flowers outside Mr. Johnson’s house, an idea came to her mind. Why not change the lot into a garden? Then Rosa called on neighbors to join her. When they met at the lot, Rosa shouted cheerfully, “Let’s get started, everyone!” pointing to the mountains of rubbish around the lot. Rosa’s brother Diego agreed and quickly picked up a plastic bottle. Maria, Rosa’s best friend, joined in, too. “This is our community (社区) , and we all need to take care of it,” she said softly. The work was hard, but no one gave up. Diego showed Rosa how to properly deal with broken glass, and Maria helped a younger neighbor lift a heavy bag of rubbish. They talked with each other happily as they worked. After they cleaned up the rubbish, they started to plant some trees and flowers. Rosa and Maria began digging holes for the trees and flowers. They were working together happily. “This is going to make our community look much nicer,” Maria said happily. “Exactly!” Everyone agreed. That day, Rosa realized that one small idea can make a big change if people work together. 1．What was the problem with the empty lot? A．It was a terrible place for playing. B．It was filled with rubbish and smelled bad. C．It was taken up by people in the community. 2．What was Rosa’s idea? A．To turn the lot into a garden. B．To make friends with neighbors. C．To make money by selling flowers. 3．How did Rosa feel at the end of the story? A．Tired. B．Relaxed. C．Happy. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Rosa’s Neighbors. B．Cleaning up the Rubbish. C．The Garden Project. Passage 3（24-25八年级上·山东日照·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。 My aunt is a famous engineer in America. Last month she 1 (come) back to China. We were happy to see her on May Day. After we finished lunch, we showed her 2 the hometown. “This bridge was built last year. Look, the workers are putting up the 3 (two) one over there. ” “What 4 great change! ” my aunt said. “We will plant more trees and 5 (flower) in the town soon. And we'll do something to stop the factories from 6 (pour) the waste water into the river, ” I told her. Aunt was very pleased with 7 she saw. When we asked her to stay 8 (long), she answered, “No, I can't. I have to fly to Beijing tomorrow because of an important meeting. No matter what chance I can get, I’ll 9 （certain) come back again. Though I live in America, I’ll always be Chinese. I should do something for 10 (we) hometown. ” Passage 4（2023·吉林长春·一模） After a whole week of rain, we finally had a comfortable, beautiful summer day outside. My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter found a yard sale. We saw old toys and a couple of guitars. We saw many clothes and even a piece of furniture or two for sale. Best of all, we saw lots of smiling people talking, laughing, sitting and standing in the sunshine. Seeing all of this brought back memories of my childhood. Most of my clothes back then came from yard sales. My mom was a talented yard sale shopper. I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there. After that, I always looked for the books until it was time to go and sometimes my mom would buy me one too. Soon a large part of my home library came from yard sale books. To me, they were more priceless than new ones. Why do most people have yard sales? They get rid of (去除) old things and buy “new” old things. As for me, it certainly isn’t for the money. It’s the yard sales that bring us together. We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbors. We connect with kindness and our love for all the old things. I think yard sales teach us something about life, too. All we get is to have the thing for a period of time. Then it is time to let it go and pass it on. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where were the writer’s family going when his daughter found a yard sale? 2．When did the writer not hate going to the yard sale? 3．How did the writer feel about the books he got at the yard sales? 4．Why do most people have yard sales? 5．What did the writer learn from the yard sales? 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 I've had this bike for three years 生活环境 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读理解 记叙文 340 本文主要介绍了Kelly因为看到人们捐赠旧玩具而成立Loved Before公司的故事。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 251 文章主要讲述中国乡村在过去十年发生巨变，以黑龙江省巴查村为例，介绍其通过旅游业发展，村民致富，生活条件改善，年轻人返乡建设家乡的情况。 真题示例 Passage1 阅读理解 应用文 166 本文主要讲述了为贫穷的非洲儿童慈善义卖的一些商品信息。 Passage2 短文填空 说明文 173 文主要通过讲述来自贵州铜仁乡村的杨秀萍和来自上海浦东区的教师陈淑敏的生活变化，介绍了我们国家的发展和变化。 模拟演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 182 本文讲述了作者觉得自己曾经住过的最可爱的房子，那里有自己最美好的回忆。现在这座房子有了很大变化。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 215 本文讲述了Rosa看到社区空地堆满垃圾，提出将其改造成花园的想法并号召邻居一起参与。 Passage3 短文填空 记叙文 160 本文主要讲述了作者得阿姨回到家乡，惊讶家乡的变化。 Passage4 任务型阅读 记叙文 263 本文主要讲述了作者从庭院拍卖会中学到的生活道理。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · One man's trash is another man's treasure.一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝藏。 · Waste not, want not.不浪费，就不匮乏。 · A penny saved is a penny earned. 省下一分钱，就是赚到一分钱。 · Make old things serve the new. 古为今用，推陈出新。 · Turn a bed into a boat. 变床为舟。 · Home is where the heart is, but the heart can change its address. 心之所在即为家，但心也会改变它的 “地址”。 · All progress is change. 所有的进步都是改变。 时文阅读 Passage A（Ready for Love） When Kelly was in college, she worked at a store in her free time. The store sold secondhand goods. She found people brought some toys to donate (捐献). Kelly could tell that the toys held great sentimental (情感) value (价值) for their owners (主人). So she felt sad when the toys were sold very cheaply, put in the dog toy place, or thrown away. Kelly started doing some research. She found this wasn’t happening only in her town. She learned millions of toys ended up in landfills (垃圾填埋场) every year in the world. Kelly decided to do something and posted her ideas on the Internet. “If we can change the ideas that toys lose their value when people throw them away,” she said, “then we can show people they have so much left in them.” That’s how the Loved Before toy adoption company began. Loved Before accepts (接受) donations of toys. People can donate a soft toy through the mail, or by taking a toy to a local drop-off point in the United Kingdom. The original (原先的) owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it. Kelly and her team believe that sharing the story can make the toy special and it helps the new owner understand its value. Next, they clean, photograph, and package the toy with its name and story. Every Monday, they post the toys on the Loved Before website. The company will donate at least half of the money from the sale of each toy. Since Kelly and her team built the company in 2019, Loved Before has sold more than 50,000 toys. But the company’s goal is more than “just trying to save some toys from landfills,” she says. “We’re trying to change ideas on a really wide level.” She explains that Loved Before hopes to teach kids about the value of loving secondhand things again. 1．What did Kelly find when she worked at a store? A．People didn’t like the new toys in her store. B．People bought some new toys in the landfills. C．People threw away some of the new toys. D．People donated some toys they loved before. 2．What does the original owner do before he donates the toy? A．He makes a video and packs it well. B．He cleans it before donating. C．He writes the name and the story about the toy. D．He tells others how to play with the toy online. 3．Why does Kelly start Loved Before company? A．To take photos for the old toys. B．To reuse the materials from the old toys. C．To get more money to buy new toys. D．To teach children to value the secondhand things. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第一句）She could tell that the toys held great sentimental value for their owners. 译文：她能看出这些玩具对它们的主人来说承载着深厚的情感价值。 分析： 这是一个主从复合句。 主句： She could tell ...（她能够看出...） 宾语从句： that the toys held great sentimental value for their owners。that 引导的整个句子作 tell 的宾语，说明了“看出”的内容。hold great sentimental value 是一个优美的表达，意为“承载着深厚的情感价值”。 原句：（第四段第二句）“If we can change the ideas that toys lose their value when people throw them away,” she said, “then we can show people they have so much left in them. 译文：“如果我们能改变‘玩具被扔掉后就失去价值’的这种观念，那么我们就能向人们展示，它们依然蕴含着巨大的价值。” 分析： 这是一个结构复杂的复合句。主句： then we can show people they have so much left in them。 条件状语从句： If we can change the ideas ...。 同位语从句： that toys lose their value ... 作 the ideas 的同位语，解释 ideas 的具体内容。 时间状语从句： when people throw them away 修饰 lose their value。 宾语从句： they have so much left in them 作 show 的直接宾语。 词汇积累 secondhand /ˌsekəndˈhænd/ adj. 二手的 adoption /əˈdɒpʃn/ n. 收养；采纳 end up in/with 最终处于/得到（某种境地） post ... on the Internet 把...发布到网上 have ... left in them （某物）本身还具有... drop-off point 投放点，交付点 on a wide level 在广泛的层面上 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了Kelly因为看到人们捐赠旧玩具而成立Loved Before公司的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“She found people brought some toys to donate (捐献).”可知，她发现人们带了一些玩具来捐赠。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第六段“The original (原先的) owner writes down the name of the toy and a story about it.”可知，原来的主人在捐赠玩具之前写下玩具的名字和故事。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“She explains that Loved Before hopes to teach kids about the value of loving secondhand things again.”可知，她解释说，Loved Before公司希望教会孩子们再次热爱二手物品的价值。故选D。 译文 等待新的爱 Kelly 上大学时，曾在课余时间在一家商店打工。那家商店主要销售二手商品。她注意到，人们会带一些玩具来捐赠。 Kelly 能看出这些玩具对原主人而言承载着深厚的情感价值。因此，当这些玩具被廉价出售、被扔进宠物玩具区，或是直接被丢弃时，她感到非常难过。 Kelly 开始着手研究。她发现这种情况并非只在她所在的小镇发生。她了解到，全世界每年有数百万的玩具最终被丢弃在垃圾填埋场。 Kelly 决定采取行动，并将自己的想法发布到了网上。"如果我们能改变'玩具被扔掉后就失去价值'的观念，"她说，"那么我们就能向人们展示，它们依然蕴藏着巨大的价值。" 就这样，"曾经被爱过"玩具收养公司应运而生。 "曾经被爱过"公司接受玩具捐赠。人们可以通过邮寄，或者将玩具送到英国当地的指定投放点，来捐赠一个毛绒玩具。 玩具的原主人需要写下玩具的名字和一段关于它的故事。Kelly 和她的团队相信，分享这些故事能让玩具变得独特，并帮助新主人理解它的价值。 接下来，他们会清洁玩具，为其拍照，并将玩具与其名字和故事一起打包。每周一，他们会将这些玩具发布在"曾经被爱过"的官网上。公司会将每只玩具销售所得的一半及以上捐赠出去。 自Kelly 和她的团队于2019年创立公司以来，"曾经被爱过"已经售出了超过五万只玩具。但Kelly 说，公司的目标"不仅仅是试图拯救一些玩具免于被填埋"。"我们正试图在更广泛的层面上改变人们的观念。"她解释说，"曾经被爱过"希望教育孩子们，让他们理解再次喜爱二手物品的价值。 Passage B（中国乡村十年巨变） Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. Bacha Village in Heilongjiang Province is one of them. The people there have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业). You Mingfen, a 57-year-old local woman, opened a hotel in her own two-floor house. Her family also has a fishing boat. Her husband can use it to get the fresh fish. They offer the fish to the guests from all over China and make the fish skin and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors. “The busiest tourism season in Bacha lasts from May to October. It can bring us more than 50,000 yuan a year,” she said, “in winter, we can stay in a warm room and enjoy the leisure time. It was impossible before. At that time, we almost depended on fishing for a living.” Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly. The tourism industry in Bacha brings earnings for the villagers. Last year, more than 60,000 visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan. Now, the roads are wider, the houses are brighter and the living conditions are more comfortable. Thanks to the good policies of the government, villagers get more ways to make money. Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown. They can not only care for their families but also build their hometown. 1．The development of ________ makes people in Bacha become rich. A．education B．farming C．fishing D．tourism 2．Which of the following about You Mingfen is TRUE? A．She is 75 years old. B．She has a one-floor house. C．She is busier in winter. D．Her gifts are well-liked by visitors. 3．The underlined word “income” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A．earnings B．payment C．cost D．movement 4．What has encouraged young people to return to Bacha Village? A．The rise in housing prices. B．The development of tourism. C．The increase in fishing opportunities. D．The lack of job opportunities in big cities. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Fishing for a Living B．Beautiful Villages Project C．Great Changes in Bacha D．The Tourism Industry in China 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第一句）Over the past ten years, great changes have taken place in the countryside of China. 译文：在过去的十年里，中国农村发生了巨大的变化。 分析： 这是一个现在完成时的典型句子，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 时间状语： Over the past ten years (在过去的十年里)。这个时间状语常与现在完成时连用。 主干： great changes have taken place。have taken place 是现在完成时，take place 意为“发生”，是一个不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。 词汇积累 leisure /ˈleʒə(r)/ n. 闲暇 industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 行业，产业 income /ˈɪnkʌm/ n. 收入 policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 政策 make A into B 把A制成B bring (sb) earnings/income 为（某人）带来收入 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述中国乡村在过去十年发生巨变，以黑龙江省巴查村为例，介绍其通过旅游业发展，村民致富，生活条件改善，年轻人返乡建设家乡的情况。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“The people there have become rich with the development of tourism (旅游业).”可知，那里的人们随着旅游业的发展变得富裕起来。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“They make the fish skin and bones into hand-made gifts. They are very popular with visitors.”可知，游明芬和丈夫把鱼皮和鱼骨做成手工礼物，这些礼物很受游客欢迎。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“The tourism industry in Bacha brings earnings for the villagers. Last year, more than 60,000 visitors came here, and the income for each person in the village increased to 25,600 yuan.”可知，巴查村的旅游业为村民带来了收入，去年，超过 6 万名游客来到这里，村里每人的“income”增加到 25,600 元，可推知“income” 与“earnings”意思相近，意为“收入”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“Since 2016, the tourism industry in Bacha Village has developed rapidly... Many young people now come back from big cities and work in their own hometown.”可知，自2016年以来，巴查村的旅游业发展迅速……现在许多年轻人从大城市回到自己的家乡工作，可推断是旅游业的发展鼓励年轻人返乡。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕巴查村的巨变展开，介绍其旅游业发展、村民生活改善等，“Great Changes in Bacha”能准确概括主旨。故选C。 译文 中国乡村十年巨变 在过去的十年里，中国农村发生了翻天覆地的变化。黑龙江省的八岔乡便是其中之一。当地民众借助旅游业的发展走上了致富道路。 57岁的本地居民游明芬将自家的两层小楼改造成了民宿。她家还拥有一条渔船，丈夫用它来捕捞新鲜江鱼。他们将这些鱼招待来自全国各地的游客，甚至把鱼皮和鱼骨制成手工礼物。这些礼物深受游客喜爱。 "八岔乡的旅游旺季从五月持续到十月，仅此一项就能为我们家带来每年超过5万元的收入，"她说， "冬天，我们可以待在温暖的屋子里享受闲暇时光。这在以前是无法想象的。那时我们几乎全凭捕鱼为生。" 自2016年起，八岔乡的旅游业进入快速发展轨道。这为村民带来了可观收益。去年，这里接待了超过6万人次游客，村民人均收入增至25600元。如今，道路更宽阔，房屋更亮堂，生活条件也愈发舒适。 得益于政府的惠民政策，村民们获得了更多增收渠道。如今许多年轻人从大城市返回自己的家乡工作。他们既能照料家人，又能参与家乡建设。 话题写作佳句积累 1. As the saying goes, 'One man's trash is another man's treasure.' Today, we are here to prove it.” 正如谚语所说："一个人的垃圾，是另一个人的宝贝。" 今天，我们在此正为此言佐证。 2. Looking at my hometown today, I truly understand that 'Rome was not built in a day.' All the progress we see is the result of years of hard work.目睹家乡今日之貌，我深切体会到"罗马非一日建成"的真意。眼前的一切发展成就，都是经年累月辛勤付出的成果。 3. Childhood always brings back soft and sweet memories to people.童年总是勾起人们很多温柔而美好的回忆。 4. I’m interested in how my hometown is changing.我对我的家乡正在发生怎样的变化很感兴趣。 5. I’m happy to help those kids,although it’s sad to part with my favorite toy bear. 尽管和最爱的玩具熊分开很伤心,但是我还是很高兴能帮助那些孩子们。 6. I noticed that’s a true picture of my hometown.我注意到那是我家乡的真实写照。 7. I’ve had the bear when I was a baby. 当我还是小宝宝的时候,我就有了这只熊。 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （23-24八年级下·宁夏银川·期末） Here are the charity sales (义卖) for the poor African children. We will give away the money we raise in the charity sales. Come and see our things. I am Nancy. I have some soft toys to sell. The teddy bear is my thirteen-year-old birthday present (礼物). It still looks very new. You only need to pay $15 for it. Other toys are very new but cheap, too. I’m David. I have an MP4 player. It works very well now. I like listening to music by it when I feel upset. And I have downloaded (下载) some pop songs into it. I hope you will like them. It costs $220. Now, you can take it with $100. I’m Henry. I want to sell some of my fiction. I began to buy fiction when I was thirteen years old. My favorite fiction is Alice in Wonderland. I have learned a lot from it. Each fiction only costs $10. 1．Who may get the money raised from the charity sales? A．Poor African children. B．Homeless American men. C．Disabled African men. D．Poor families in America. 2．How old was Nancy when she got the teddy bear? A．12 B．13 C．14 D．15 3．According to the passage, what may David do when he is unhappy? A．Listen to music. B．Watch movies. C．Read fiction. D．Play with toys. 4．How much will you pay if you buy a book from Henry? A．$5 B．$10 C．$15 D．$20 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第四句）I like listening to music by it when I feel upset. 译文：当我感到沮丧时，我喜欢用它来听音乐。 分析： 主干: I like listening to music (主 + 谓 + 宾)。 方式状语: by it。这里的 by 表示"通过...方式/工具"。 时间状语从句: when I feel upset。 词汇积累 raise /reɪz/ v. 筹集（资金） fiction /ˈfɪkʃn/ n. 小说 give away 捐赠；赠送 take it with $100 花100美元把它拿走 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了为贫穷的非洲儿童慈善义卖的一些商品信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Here are the charity sales (义卖) for the poor African children.”可知，这场慈善义卖主要是为救助贫困的非洲儿童。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The teddy bear is my thirteen-year-old birthday present (礼物).”可知，这个泰迪熊是Nancy的13岁生日礼物。因此推测现在Nancy 13岁了。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I like listening to music by it when I feel upset.”可知，David不开心时会听音乐。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Each fiction only costs $10.”可知，每本书10元。故选B。 Passage2 （24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our country has developed rapidly during the last forty years. Because of it, many Chinese people’s lives 1 (change) a lot ever since. Yang Xiuping, who has turned 40, is from a village in Tongren, Guizhou. She spent her childhood 2 (play) in the green mountains and helping her parents with farm work every day. She had many sweet childhood 3 (memory), but life was not easy for her family at that time. She wondered whether to leave her village to make a living or not. In 1993, Yang left her village and went to Shenzhen. In Shenzhen, Yang worked in a factory. About seven years ago, she 4 (return) to her hometown and set up her first company. Yang has turned 5 “a village girl” to “a boss” over the years. Chen Shumin, 43, is a teacher from a school in Shanghai’s Pudong District. 6 she started teaching at the school, there were only farmlands around the school. Nowadays, 7 subway line has been built and there are many shopping centers there. Chen said, “Many years ago, people lived in old and crowded houses, sharing toilets and kitchens. They had little 8 (person) space. At that time, I never thought I would live my life so 9 (different). Now we are all used to 10 (live) in a big apartment.” 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第二句）Because of it, many Chinese people’s lives have changed a lot ever since. 译文：正因为如此，许多中国人的生活自那时起发生了巨大的变化。 分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是 many Chinese people's lives ... a lot。 Because of it 是介词短语作原因状语，其中 it 指代前句的“我国近四十年快速发展”这一事实。 词汇积累 farmland /ˈfɑ:mlænd/n. 农田 apartment/əˈpɑ:tmənt/n. 公寓 make a living 谋生 be used to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事（现在不做了） 【答案】 1．have changed 2．playing 3．memories 4．returned 5．from 6．When 7．a 8．personal 9．differently 10．living 【导语】本文主要通过讲述来自贵州铜仁乡村的杨秀萍和来自上海浦东区的教师陈淑敏的生活变化，介绍了我们国家的发展和变化。 1． 句意：因此，许多中国人的生活从此发生了很大的变化。由“ever since”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+过去分词，主语“many Chinese people’s lives”为复数，助动词用have。故填have changed。 2．句意：她的童年是在青山中玩耍，每天帮助父母干农活度过的。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配。故填playing。 3．句意：她有许多美好的童年回忆。根据“many”可知，此处填写名词复数，memory记忆，回忆，复数为memories，sweet memories甜美的回忆，故填memories。 4．句意：大约七年前，她回到家乡，创办了自己的第一家公司。根据“About seven years ago”可知，该句用一般过去时，return返回，过去式为returned，故填returned。 5．句意：多年来，杨已经从“农村女孩”变成了“老板”。from…to…“从……到……”，固定搭配。故填from。 6．句意：当她开始在那个学校教书时，学校周围只有农田。根据“there were only farmlands around the school.”及“she started teaching at the school”可知，该句是时间状语从句，表示“当她开始在那个学校教书时”，when当……时候，引导时间状语从句，故填When。 7．句意：如今，一条地铁线路已经建成，并且那里有许多购物中心。“subway line”是单数名词，表示泛指，以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。 8．句意：他们几乎没有自己的私人空间。根据“space”可知，此处缺少形容词作定语，person人，名词，对应的形容词为personal“私人的”，符合语境，故填personal。 9．句意：在那个时候，我从未想过我会过着如此不同的生活。根据“I would live my life”可知，此处缺少副词修饰动词，different不同的，形容词，对应的副词为differently“不同地”，故填differently。 10．句意：现在我们都习惯了住在大公寓里。be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，固定搭配。live居住，动名词为living，故填living。 模拟演练 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·全国） The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents when I was a child. The house seemed so huge to me as a child. And it had a lovely living room with a piano in it. And there was a strange room. It was the drawing room. We only used it on Sundays, or when visitors came for tea. There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes. We couldn’t enjoy this beautiful furniture. I went back to the house a few weeks ago. It has changed a lot. My uncle has modernized (使……现代化) it inside, and taken away the lovely furniture. And he has knocked a wall down so the drawing room and the living room have become one big room. Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart. When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory. 1．From the first paragraph we mainly know________. A．the house has been changed greatly B．the writer used to live with his grandparents in Crosslands C．the writer used to study in Crosslands D．the writer didn’t love Crosslands 2．When the writer was a child, he thought the house was________. A．big B．small C．modern D．ugly 3．The underlined word “sheets” means “________” in Chinese. A．床单 B．头 C．被子 D．拖把 4．What does the writer think of the house now? A．It seems much bigger now. B．It seems more comfortable. C．There is still a good memory there. D．It is a big mistake to change its style. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The writer likes today’s room better. B．The room seems smaller now. C．The old house is really bigger. D．The writer likes the old style better. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者觉得自己曾经住过的最可爱的房子是在克罗斯兰德和祖父母一起住过的房子。短文介绍了房子里面有什么。现在这座房子有了很大变化，但是作者认为旧风格是自己心中最美的，因为那里有自己最美好的回忆。 1．细节理解题。根据“The loveliest house that I have ever lived in is Crosslands. I lived there with my grandparents when I was a child.”可知，这位作者过去和他的祖父母住在克罗斯兰德。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The house seemed so huge to me as a child”可知，作者小时候认为房子很大。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据“There was the best furniture in it but it was covered with sheets—it was as if all the furniture wore clothes.”可知，盖住家具的应该是床单，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“When I see the house, I know I can’t go back and catch it. But there’s still a beautiful memory”可知，作者现在认为房子仍然是美好的回忆，故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Although it becomes modern, its old style is the most beautiful in my heart.”可知，作者更喜欢旧风格。故选D。 Passage 2（24-25八年级下·湖南娄底·期末） Rosa’s neighborhood had an empty lot (地) full of rubbish that smelled bad, especially in summer. One day, when Rosa saw the flowers outside Mr. Johnson’s house, an idea came to her mind. Why not change the lot into a garden? Then Rosa called on neighbors to join her. When they met at the lot, Rosa shouted cheerfully, “Let’s get started, everyone!” pointing to the mountains of rubbish around the lot. Rosa’s brother Diego agreed and quickly picked up a plastic bottle. Maria, Rosa’s best friend, joined in, too. “This is our community (社区) , and we all need to take care of it,” she said softly. The work was hard, but no one gave up. Diego showed Rosa how to properly deal with broken glass, and Maria helped a younger neighbor lift a heavy bag of rubbish. They talked with each other happily as they worked. After they cleaned up the rubbish, they started to plant some trees and flowers. Rosa and Maria began digging holes for the trees and flowers. They were working together happily. “This is going to make our community look much nicer,” Maria said happily. “Exactly!” Everyone agreed. That day, Rosa realized that one small idea can make a big change if people work together. 1．What was the problem with the empty lot? A．It was a terrible place for playing. B．It was filled with rubbish and smelled bad. C．It was taken up by people in the community. 2．What was Rosa’s idea? A．To turn the lot into a garden. B．To make friends with neighbors. C．To make money by selling flowers. 3．How did Rosa feel at the end of the story? A．Tired. B．Relaxed. C．Happy. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Rosa’s Neighbors. B．Cleaning up the Rubbish. C．The Garden Project. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Rosa看到社区空地堆满垃圾，提出将其改造成花园的想法并号召邻居一起参与。大家齐心协力清理垃圾、种植花草，最后Rosa意识到只要人们共同努力，一个小小的想法就能带来巨大的改变，强调了团结协作的力量。 1．细节理解题。根据“Rosa’s neighborhood had an empty lot (地) full of rubbish that smelled bad, especially in summer.”可知，空地的问题是堆满了垃圾且气味难闻，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Why not change the lot into a garden?”可知，Rosa的想法是把这块空地变成一个花园，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“That day, Rosa realized that one small idea can make a big change if people work together.”以及前文大家愉快工作的描述可知，Rosa最后是开心的，因为看到了大家共同努力带来的改变，故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文围绕Rosa提出把堆满垃圾的空地变成花园的想法，并召集邻居一起实施这个项目展开，选项C“花园项目”能准确概括文章主要内容，故选C。 Passage 3（24-25八年级上·山东日照·期末） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。 My aunt is a famous engineer in America. Last month she 1 (come) back to China. We were happy to see her on May Day. After we finished lunch, we showed her 2 the hometown. “This bridge was built last year. Look, the workers are putting up the 3 (two) one over there. ” “What 4 great change! ” my aunt said. “We will plant more trees and 5 (flower) in the town soon. And we'll do something to stop the factories from 6 (pour) the waste water into the river, ” I told her. Aunt was very pleased with 7 she saw. When we asked her to stay 8 (long), she answered, “No, I can't. I have to fly to Beijing tomorrow because of an important meeting. No matter what chance I can get, I’ll 9 （certain) come back again. Though I live in America, I’ll always be Chinese. I should do something for 10 (we) hometown. ” 【答案】 1．came 2．around 3．second 4．a 5．flowers 6．pouring 7．what 8．longer 9．certainly 10．our 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者得阿姨回到家乡，惊讶家乡的变化。 1．句意：上个月她回到了中国。根据“last month”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，came符合句意，故填came。 2．句意：吃完午饭后，我们带她参观了家乡。show sb around“带某人参观”，故填around。 3．句意：看，工人们正在那边搭第二座呢。根据“the”可知，此处需要序数词，second符合句意，故填second。 4．句意：多么大的变化啊！根据“great change”可知，此处需要不定冠词表示泛指，great是辅音音素开头，a符合句意，故填a。 5．句意：我们很快就会在镇上种更多的树和花。根据“plant more trees”可知，此处需要名词复数，flowers符合句意，故填flowers。 6．句意：我们会做些什么来阻止工厂把废水倒进河里。根据“from”可知，介词后接动名词作宾语，pouring符合句意，故填pouring。 7．句意：姑妈对她所看到的非常满意。根据“she saw”可知，缺少宾语，what符合句意，故填what。 8．句意：当我们请她多待一会儿时，她回答说：“不，我不能。根据“when we asked her to stay”可知，待得时间更长一点，longer符合句意，故填longer。 9．句意：不管有什么机会，我一定会再来的。根据“come back again”可知，副词修饰动词，certainly符合句意，故填certainly。 10．句意：我应该为我们的家乡做点什么。根据“hometown.”可知，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填our。 Passage 4（2023·吉林长春·一模） After a whole week of rain, we finally had a comfortable, beautiful summer day outside. My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter found a yard sale. We saw old toys and a couple of guitars. We saw many clothes and even a piece of furniture or two for sale. Best of all, we saw lots of smiling people talking, laughing, sitting and standing in the sunshine. Seeing all of this brought back memories of my childhood. Most of my clothes back then came from yard sales. My mom was a talented yard sale shopper. I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there. After that, I always looked for the books until it was time to go and sometimes my mom would buy me one too. Soon a large part of my home library came from yard sale books. To me, they were more priceless than new ones. Why do most people have yard sales? They get rid of (去除) old things and buy “new” old things. As for me, it certainly isn’t for the money. It’s the yard sales that bring us together. We talk and catch up with old friends and new neighbors. We connect with kindness and our love for all the old things. I think yard sales teach us something about life, too. All we get is to have the thing for a period of time. Then it is time to let it go and pass it on. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where were the writer’s family going when his daughter found a yard sale? 2．When did the writer not hate going to the yard sale? 3．How did the writer feel about the books he got at the yard sales? 4．Why do most people have yard sales? 5．What did the writer learn from the yard sales? 【答案】1．To a nearby town. 2．After/When the writer saw that they also sold old books there./Until one special day when he saw that they also sold old books there./After the special day when the writer saw that they also sold old books there. 3．They were more priceless than new ones. 4．Because they want to get rid of old things and buy “new” old things. 5．We’d better let the thing we don’t need go and pass it on./All we get is to have the thing for a period of time and it is time to let it go and pass it on. 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从庭院拍卖会中学到的生活道理。 1．根据“My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter found a yard sale.”可知要去附近的一个小镇。故填To a nearby town. 2．根据“I used to hate going to them until one special day when I saw that they also sold old books there.”可知作者曾经讨厌去他们那里，直到有一天我看到他们也卖旧书。故填After/When the writer saw that they also sold old books there./Until one special day when he saw that they also sold old books there./After the special day when the writer saw that they also sold old books there. 3．根据“To me, they were more priceless than new ones.”可知在庭院拍卖会买的旧书比新书便宜。故填They were more priceless than new ones. 4．根据“Why do most people have yard sales? They get rid of old things and buy ‘new’ old things.”可知大部分人举办庭院拍卖会是因为他们想摆脱旧的东西，买“新的”旧东西。故填Because they want to get rid of old things and buy “new” old things. 5．根据“I think yard sales teach us something about life, too. All we get is to have the thing for a period of time. Then it is time to let it go and pass it on.”可知作者学到了我们最好放弃不需要的东西，把它传递下去。故填We’d better let the thing we don’t need go and pass it on./All we get is to have the thing for a period of time and it is time to let it go and pass it on. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $