Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？自然生态（话题阅读精练）英语鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？ 自然生态 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读表达 说明文 326 科学家发现南极下的秘密。介绍了南极的气候条件，及科学家们在南极的工作。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 272 新西兰“首都几维鸟项目”见成效，但几维鸟仍面临种群数量下降、受天敌威胁等问题，多个机构正开展保护工作。 真题示例 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 313 讲述了Liivand为了提高人们对塑料污染的认识，用橡胶脚蹼在海水中游泳，并多次打破记录的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 258 介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法。 模拟演练 Passage1 短文填空 说明文 158 主要介绍了中国东北的长白山及其山顶的天池。 Passage2 阅读表达 说明文 302 主要介绍了雪林 (又称北方森林或针叶林) 的重要性、分布情况、面临的威胁以及保护措施。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 254 通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，说明由于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 283 主要介绍了海豚的智慧表现，并探讨了不同动物在智力方面的独特能力。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Nature is the art of God. （Dante Alighieri）自然界是造物主的杰作。（但丁）《神曲》 · The earth is not our possession; we are its stewards.人类是地球的守护者，而非主宰者。 · A river does not flow through the forest without felling the trees.河流穿过森林时，总会放倒一些树木。 自然生态系统“力量相互作用、动态平衡”。 · Even a small stream can erode a mountain over time. 涓滴小溪，日久也能蚀山。 时文阅读 Passage A（科学家发现南极下的秘密） The South Pole is part of a large, frozen continent (大陆). It is very cold and quiet. Ice and snow are everywhere. It is almost all white. There is not much color. There are no trees, no grass, no gardens, no roads and no shops. There are a number of large research stations for scientists there. Some of them are far apart from each other and each stands alone on the white ice. The scientists work for a long time every day. In the summer months, there is no change from light to dark. It is light all the time. It is hard to know when it is day or night. They have to dress up warmly to go outside. It is cold and dangerous. They have to check that the ice does not crack under their feet. They have to make sure they do not fall down any of the big holes in the ice. They have to make sure they do not get lost. The winter months are very cold and dangerous. It is dark all the time. The winds blow strongly. Snow is picked up and blown around. The scientists often cannot see where they are going. They have to work inside the research station too. The scientists study nature to understand more about our world. They learn more about the gases in the air. They find out how the weather changes over the years. They look at the ice and how it moves. The scientists also study the stars and space. All this helps us prepare for the future. No planes can reach them to bring food and medicines. They have to make sure that they have enough food to last the winter months. It is a very difficult time. It is cold. It is boring. It is all so white. The scientists do important work in this wild and dangerous place. They live and work on the ice. 1．What’s at the South Pole everywhere? 2．During the summer time, is it hard or easy to know when it is day or night? 3．Where do the scientists work in the winter months? 4．Why do scientists study at the South Pole? 5．How do you like the work at the South Pole? Passage B（新西兰几维鸟保护见成效） Conservationists have discovered two kiwi chicks in Wellington,the first wild births recorded for the bird in the New Zealand capital in over 150 years. The two new chicks come just a year after the Capital Kiwi Project reintroduced the country's iconic national bird to the city of around 400,000 people. Their births in Makara,a suburb just 25 minutes from Wellington's city center,make the local total to 65 North Island brown kiwis. The brown kiwi is one of New Zealand's most common kiwi species,but according to New Zealand's Department of Conservation,the birds could be extinct in the wild within two generations without adequate conservation and support. Another 18 brown kiwi chicks are expected to hatch as part of the Capital Kiwi Project,which hopes to restore a large-scale wild population of kiwis to New Zealand's capital.The project plans to use transmitters to monitor the two new kiwi chicks as well as any others that hatch. The flightless birds,which once numbered around 12 million in New Zealand,have seen their population fall to just 68,000,according to the Save the Kiwi charity.The charity is among approximately 90 kiwi conservation programs aiming to boost the population. According to New Zealand's Department of Conservation,the country's kiwi population is declining at an average of 2%a year,mostly due to predators like stoats,cats,dogs and ferrets. 95%of wild-born kiwis in New Zealand are killed before they reach adulthood,according to Save the Kiwi. The Capital Kiwi Project team leader Paul Ward expressed optimism about the project,after the release of the 63 kiwis near Wellington last November which marked for the first time in about a century that wild kiwis have lived in the area. 1.What can we learn about kiwi birds from the passage? A.In over 150 years,there were no births of wild birds in Wellington. B.The two new kiwi chicks were born a year ago. C.In New Zealand there are altogether 65 North Island brown kiwi birds. D.The kiwi is New Zealand's national bird. 2.Wild-born kiwis in New Zealand are killed by the following animals EXCEPT___. A.cats B.dogs C.kangaroos D.ferrets 3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.Capital Kiwi Project hopes to increase a lot of wild kiwis to Wellington. B.Kiwi birds can't fly at all. C.Save the Kiwi is one of the kiwi conservation programs to protect the kiwi. D.Team leader Paul Ward is pessimistic about their project. 话题写作佳句积累 1. Animals are good friends to humans,so it's very important to protect them.（动物是人类的好朋友，因此保护它们十分重要。） 2. Now the number of animals is becoming smaller and smaller. Why？Here are two main reasons.（如今动物的数量正变得越来越少。为什么？主要有两个原因。） 3. Besides,people should stop polluting the environment.（此外，人们应停止污染环境。） 4. We should plant more trees to make homes for them and make laws to stop them from being killed.（我们应当种植更多树木为动物营造家园，并制定法律禁止捕杀它们。） 5. Let's work together to protect wild animals.（让我们携手保护野生动物。） 6. It is necessary that everyone should treat them as our friends and protect their homes.（每个人都应当将动物视作朋友并守护它们的家园，这是至关重要的。） 7. Every life deserves respect. Please love animals.每一个生命都值得尊重。请爱护动物。 8. Protect wildlife and coexist with nature.（保护野生动物，人与自然共存。） 9. Remember saving the animals means saving the earth and ourselves.（要牢记：拯救动物，就是拯救地球，更是拯救我们自身。） 10. Protecting wildlife means protecting human beings themselves！保护野生动物就是保护人类自己！ 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2025·湖南长沙·中考真题） 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Liivand was little, she was often sick. To get stronger, she 1 swimming. Soon after, she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions, sometimes even in icy water. Several years ago, Liivand moved to Florida, but she continued to 2 in the sea. One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea. That experience made Liivand think of all the sea animals. These animals face 3 problems every day like her. So she decided to do something to raise people’s awareness (意识) of 4 pollution. Thinking about sea animals gave Liivand the idea of swimming like a sea animal. Instead of using her arms, she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send “a bigger message”. Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a rubbery fin in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2021, she broke the 6 by swimming 30 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida. But Liivand believed she could go 7 . Every day, she got up at 4:00 a.m., put on her fin and went swimming. To improve her strength (力量), she sometimes even pulled other people in the water. On May 7, 2022, Liivand managed to break her record again. 8 , she swam 42.2 kilometers. It took her nearly 12 hours. Along the way, the woman collected all the 9 she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish. “Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being 10 to help the community and the world means much more,” Liivand said. 1．A．took up B．put off C．gave up 2．A．fish B．swim C．boat 3．A．similar B．different C．opposite 4．A．air B．sound C．plastic 5．A．stopped B．started C．regretted 6．A．leg B．rule C．record 7．A．farther B．slower C．higher 8．A．Unluckily B．Unbelievably C．Uncertainly 9．A．ice B．oil C．rubbish 10．A．warm-hearted B．cold-blooded C．weak-kneed Passage2 （2025·浙江·中考真题） 阅读理解 Plains wanderers are small, rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds, female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males. Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes, while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm. These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass, making them look like part of the landscape. Sadly, their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities. To save them, scientists are using AI. The key is the birds’ calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly. Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night. Then they put these recordings into a computer program. The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have. “AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,” says Dr. Lee, who leads the project. “We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places.” Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds. Without AI, they might not have found it. Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife. 1．What do we know about plains wanderers? A．Males are larger than females. B．They are easy to find in grasslands. C．Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D．They are common in many habitats. 2．The underlined word “monitor” in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．see B．catch C．feed D．follow 3．How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers? A．By taking photos of their nests. B．By tracking their flying paths. C．By counting eggs in the grass. D．By analyzing calls from mother birds. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why plains wanderers are rare. B．How mother wanderers protect their chicks. C．What AI can do in daily life. D．How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers. 模拟演练 Passage 1 （2025·辽宁·模拟预测） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Changbai Mountain 1 (lie) in the northeast of China. It gets 2 (it) name because there are beautiful  sights of being white almost  all year round. The Changbai Mountain 3 (form) around 2.77 million years ago, after volcano eruptions ( 火山喷发 ) because 4 the movement of the earth crust (地壳). At the top of the main mountain there is a lake, called “Tian-Chi” in Chinese, with a height of 2,100 5 (meter) above sea level. Tianchi is 6 deepest mountain lake around the world. The average 7 (deep) of water is 204 meters. It has stored over 2 billion tons of fresh water, which is able 8 (provide) the population in Beijing downtown for 22 months. The winter lasts for 9 months in the Changbai Mountain, 9 the mountain top is covered by snow most of the time. It is 10 (terrible) difficult to visit the mountain during the winter. Passage 2（2025·河北唐山·三模） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Snow forests make up about 30% of the world’s total forest areas. These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon or other rain forests, but they are important. To mark the International Day of Forests, we report on why they are so important for Earth’s health and why they are in danger. Also known as northern or taiga (针叶林) forests, snow forests are found in the far north of the world, in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall. They lie across parts of Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the US. Snow forests spread for thousands of miles and cover about 17% of the Earth’s total land area. Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months, but even so, they are home to all kinds of animals. In the US and Canada, as many as 5 billion (十亿) birds from more than 300 species (物种) live in the forests in the breeding (繁殖) season. Snow forests are facing several challenges. Trees are being cut down faster and faster for their wood, which can be used for building. Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses. All these endanger the homes of wildlife. In more southern snow forest areas, 1% of the land is being cleared of trees each year. Environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to make snow forests protected areas. This means that cutting down trees is stopped or controlled in some areas. When wood is needed, replanting plans and careful forest management help to reduce the bad influence. Hopefully this means that the forest is managed in a way that it can live. 1．What are snow forests also known as? 2．How much of the Earth’s total land area do snow forests cover? 3．How long does the winter in snow forests last? 4．What challenges are snow forests facing? (写出1个即可) 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? Give some suggestions on how to protect snow forests. Passage 3（2025·河南平顶山·二模）      After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat— has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean.     The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute.     A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal’s life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story. D．By using a saying. 2．What does the underlined word “demand” mean? A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need. D．Price. 3．What do we know from Paragraph 3? A．If sharks die out, tuna will die out soon. B．Tuna will be more popular in restaurants. C．Tuna play an important role in the ecosystem. D．Tuna disappeared because they found no food. 4．(新考法·写作意图) What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D．To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 5．What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A．We need to care about wildlife. B．We need to eat wild animals. C．We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs. D．We don’t want to protect wild animals. Passage 4（25-26八年级上·全国·期末） Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more. Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells (海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools. In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers! So dolphins are clearly clever. But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time”? That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼), who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction, and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important, making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter. At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure: dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins! 1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question? A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest. 2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3? A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers. C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people. 3．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses’ ability is not really important. C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on earth. D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment. 4．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What's the highest mountain in the world？ 自然生态 话题阅读精练 版块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 PassageA 阅读表达 说明文 326 科学家发现南极下的秘密。介绍了南极的气候条件，及科学家们在南极的工作。 PassageB 阅读理解 说明文 272 新西兰“首都几维鸟项目”见成效，但几维鸟仍面临种群数量下降、受天敌威胁等问题，多个机构正开展保护工作。 真题示例 Passage1 完形填空 记叙文 313 讲述了Liivand为了提高人们对塑料污染的认识，用橡胶脚蹼在海水中游泳，并多次打破记录的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 258 介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法。 模拟演练 Passage1 短文填空 说明文 158 主要介绍了中国东北的长白山及其山顶的天池。 Passage2 阅读表达 说明文 302 主要介绍了雪林 (又称北方森林或针叶林) 的重要性、分布情况、面临的威胁以及保护措施。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 254 通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，说明由于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 283 主要介绍了海豚的智慧表现，并探讨了不同动物在智力方面的独特能力。 时文阅读 话题谚语小知识 · Nature is the art of God. （Dante Alighieri）自然界是造物主的杰作。（但丁）《神曲》 · The earth is not our possession; we are its stewards.人类是地球的守护者，而非主宰者。 · A river does not flow through the forest without felling the trees.河流穿过森林时，总会放倒一些树木。 自然生态系统“力量相互作用、动态平衡”。 · Even a small stream can erode a mountain over time. 涓滴小溪，日久也能蚀山。 时文阅读 Passage A（科学家发现南极下的秘密） The South Pole is part of a large, frozen continent (大陆). It is very cold and quiet. Ice and snow are everywhere. It is almost all white. There is not much color. There are no trees, no grass, no gardens, no roads and no shops. There are a number of large research stations for scientists there. Some of them are far apart from each other and each stands alone on the white ice. The scientists work for a long time every day. In the summer months, there is no change from light to dark. It is light all the time. It is hard to know when it is day or night. They have to dress up warmly to go outside. It is cold and dangerous. They have to check that the ice does not crack under their feet. They have to make sure they do not fall down any of the big holes in the ice. They have to make sure they do not get lost. The winter months are very cold and dangerous. It is dark all the time. The winds blow strongly. Snow is picked up and blown around. The scientists often cannot see where they are going. They have to work inside the research station too. The scientists study nature to understand more about our world. They learn more about the gases in the air. They find out how the weather changes over the years. They look at the ice and how it moves. The scientists also study the stars and space. All this helps us prepare for the future. No planes can reach them to bring food and medicines. They have to make sure that they have enough food to last the winter months. It is a very difficult time. It is cold. It is boring. It is all so white. The scientists do important work in this wild and dangerous place. They live and work on the ice. 1．What’s at the South Pole everywhere? 2．During the summer time, is it hard or easy to know when it is day or night? 3．Where do the scientists work in the winter months? 4．Why do scientists study at the South Pole? 5．How do you like the work at the South Pole? 长难句解析 原句：（第一段第六句）There are a number of large research stations for scientists there, some of which are far apart from each other and each stands alone on the white ice. 译文：那里有许多为科学家建立的大型研究站，其中一些彼此相距甚远，每一个都独自矗立在白色的冰原上。 分析：本句是一个复合句。 主句:There be句型，从句：由"some of which"引导的非限制性定语从句。修饰前面的"research stations"。 词汇积累 continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆；大洲 Antarctica /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/n. 南极洲 satisfaction /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ n. 满足感 crack /kræk/ v. 破裂；裂开 n. 裂缝 outer space 外太空 keep free from 使免受；防止 set foot on 踏上；进入 stand out 突出；显眼 【答案】 1．Ice and snow. 2．It’s hard to know. 3．Inside the research station. 4．They help us prepare for the future. 5．It’s hard and cold. 【导语】本文主要介绍了南极的气候条件，以及科学家们在南极艰难地开展工作。 1．根据“Ice and snow are everywhere.”可知，到处都是冰和雪。故填Ice and snow. 2．根据“In the summer months, there is no change from light to dark. It is light all the time. It is hard to know when it is day or night.”可知，很难知道现在是白天还是黑夜。故填It’s hard to know. 3．根据“They have to work inside the research station too.”可知，冬季科学家们在研究站内工作。故填Inside the research station. 4．根据“... All this helps us prepare for the future.”可知，他们研究南极，帮助我们为未来做准备。故填They help us prepare for the future. 5．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了南极的气候条件，以及科学家们在南极艰难地开展工作；由此判断在南极工作困难且寒冷的。故填It’s hard and cold. 译文 南极是一块巨大冰冻大陆的一部分。这里气候严寒，环境静谧，到处都是冰雪。眼前几乎一片雪白，没什么其他颜色。这里没有树木，没有草地，没有花园，没有道路，也没有商店。不过，那里有许多供科学家使用的大型研究站。其中一些研究站彼此相距遥远，每一座都孤零零地矗立在白色的冰原上。 科学家们每天要工作很长时间。在南极的夏季，这里没有昼夜交替，全天都处于白昼状态，人们很难分辨当下是白天还是黑夜。 他们外出时必须穿得暖暖和和的，因为外面又冷又危险。他们得检查脚下的冰面是否会开裂，必须确保自己不会掉进冰面上的任何一个大冰窟窿里，还得防止自己迷路。 南极的冬季则更为寒冷和危险。这里全天都处于黑暗之中，狂风呼啸，雪花被卷起后四处飞舞。科学家们常常看不清前方的路，在冬季，他们也只能在研究站内部开展工作。 科学家们研究自然，是为了更深入地了解我们所生活的世界。他们深入分析空气中的气体成分，探寻多年来的天气变化规律，观察冰体及其移动方式。此外，科学家们还会研究恒星与宇宙空间。所有这些研究，都能帮助我们为未来做好准备。 冬季没有飞机能够抵达南极，为他们运送食物和药品。因此，他们必须提前储备足够的食物，以支撑整个冬季的需求。这是一段非常艰难的时期：天气寒冷，生活单调，眼前所见也尽是一片雪白。但即便在这样荒凉而危险的地方，科学家们仍在从事着重要的工作 —— 他们在冰原上生活、工作。 Passage B（新西兰几维鸟保护见成效） Conservationists have discovered two kiwi chicks in Wellington,the first wild births recorded for the bird in the New Zealand capital in over 150 years. The two new chicks come just a year after the Capital Kiwi Project reintroduced the country's iconic national bird to the city of around 400,000 people. Their births in Makara,a suburb just 25 minutes from Wellington's city center,make the local total to 65 North Island brown kiwis. The brown kiwi is one of New Zealand's most common kiwi species,but according to New Zealand's Department of Conservation,the birds could be extinct in the wild within two generations without adequate conservation and support. Another 18 brown kiwi chicks are expected to hatch as part of the Capital Kiwi Project,which hopes to restore a large-scale wild population of kiwis to New Zealand's capital.The project plans to use transmitters to monitor the two new kiwi chicks as well as any others that hatch. The flightless birds,which once numbered around 12 million in New Zealand,have seen their population fall to just 68,000,according to the Save the Kiwi charity.The charity is among approximately 90 kiwi conservation programs aiming to boost the population. According to New Zealand's Department of Conservation,the country's kiwi population is declining at an average of 2%a year,mostly due to predators like stoats,cats,dogs and ferrets. 95%of wild-born kiwis in New Zealand are killed before they reach adulthood,according to Save the Kiwi. The Capital Kiwi Project team leader Paul Ward expressed optimism about the project,after the release of the 63 kiwis near Wellington last November which marked for the first time in about a century that wild kiwis have lived in the area. 1.What can we learn about kiwi birds from the passage? A.In over 150 years,there were no births of wild birds in Wellington. B.The two new kiwi chicks were born a year ago. C.In New Zealand there are altogether 65 North Island brown kiwi birds. D.The kiwi is New Zealand's national bird. 2.Wild-born kiwis in New Zealand are killed by the following animals EXCEPT___. A.cats B.dogs C.kangaroos D.ferrets 3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.Capital Kiwi Project hopes to increase a lot of wild kiwis to Wellington. B.Kiwi birds can't fly at all. C.Save the Kiwi is one of the kiwi conservation programs to protect the kiwi. D.Team leader Paul Ward is pessimistic about their project. 长难句解析 原句：（第三段第一句）Their births in Makara,a suburb just 25 minutes from Wellington's city center,make the local total to 65 North Island brown kiwis. 译文：它们出生在距离惠灵顿市中心仅25分钟路程的郊区马卡拉，这使得当地的北岛褐几维鸟总数达到65只。 分析：本句是一个复合句。本句主语是their births,谓语是make,宾语是the local total。a suburb是Makara的同位语。just 25 minutes from Wellington's city center是suburb的定语。 原句：（第五段第一句）Another 18 brown kiwi chicks are expected to hatch as part of the Capital Kiwi Project,which hopes to restore a large-scale wild population of kiwis to New Zealand's capital. 译文：作为首都几维鸟项目的一部分，预计还将孵化18只褐几维鸟雏鸟，该项目希望恢复新西兰首都大规模的野生几维鸟种群。 分析：本句是一个复合句。as partof the Capital Kiwi Project是介词短语作状语。which引导的是定语从句，作the Capital KiwiProject的定语。 词汇积累 conservationist/konsa'verʃanist/n.环境保护主义者 chick /tʃik/n.雏鸟 iconic /ar'konik/adj.标志性的 species /'spi:[iz/n.物种，种类 adequate /'edikwat/adj.足够的，适当的 hatch /hæetj/v.孵化，孵出 large-scale /la:dʒ'skeil/adj.大规模的，大范围的 boost/bust/vt.使增长，推动 predator /'predatə(r)/n.捕食者 reintroduce/ri:ntra'djus/vt.再引入 transmitter/træenz'mrta(r)/n.发射机 optimism/'pptmizam/n.乐观 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】新西兰“首都几维鸟项目”重新引入几维鸟一年后，惠灵顿首次记录到该鸟150多年来的野外繁殖，项目团队对此持乐观态度，但几维鸟仍面临种群数量下降、受天敌威胁等问题，多个机构正开展保护工作。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“the country's iconic national bird”，“the country”指代新西兰，明确几维鸟是新西兰国鸟，故选D。 2．细节理解题。第七段列出几维鸟的天敌为“predators like stoats,cats,dogs and ferrets（白鼬、猫、狗和雪貂）”，选项中“kangaroos（袋鼠）”未被提及，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第九段“Paul Ward expressed optimism about the project（保罗・沃德对项目表示乐观）”，“optimism（乐观）”与“pessimistic（悲观的）”完全相反，D项错误。 译文 自然资源保护者在惠灵顿发现了两只几维鸟雏鸟，这是150多年来新西兰首都首次记录到该鸟类的野外繁殖案例。 距离“首都几维鸟项目”将这种新西兰标志性国鸟重新引入这座约40万人口的城市，仅过去一年，这两只新雏鸟便诞生了。 它们出生在距惠灵顿市中心仅25分钟车程的郊区马卡拉，这使得当地北岛褐几维鸟的总数达到了65只。 北岛褐几维鸟是新西兰最常见的几维鸟物种之一，但根据新西兰自然资源保护部的说法，若缺乏足够的保护与支持，该鸟类可能在两代之内野外灭绝。 作为“首都几维鸟项目”的一部分，预计还将有18只褐几维鸟雏鸟孵化。该项目旨在为新西兰首都恢复大规模的几维鸟野外种群，同时计划使用发射器监测这两只新雏鸟及其他所有孵化的雏鸟。 据“拯救几维鸟”慈善机构称，这种不会飞的鸟类（几维鸟）在新西兰曾有约1200万只，如今种群数量已降至仅6.8万只。该慈善机构是约90个旨在增加几维鸟数量的保护项目之一。 新西兰自然资源保护部表示，该国几维鸟种群数量正以年均2%的速度下降，主要原因是白鼬、猫、狗和雪貂等捕食者的威胁。 “拯救几维鸟”机构指出，新西兰95%的野外孵化几维鸟在成年前就会死亡。 “首都几维鸟项目”团队负责人保罗・沃德对该项目表示乐观。去年11月，项目在惠灵顿附近放生了63只几维鸟，这标志着约一个世纪以来，该地区首次有野生几维鸟生存。 话题写作佳句积累 1. Animals are good friends to humans,so it's very important to protect them.（动物是人类的好朋友，因此保护它们十分重要。） 2. Now the number of animals is becoming smaller and smaller. Why？Here are two main reasons.（如今动物的数量正变得越来越少。为什么？主要有两个原因。） 3. Besides,people should stop polluting the environment.（此外，人们应停止污染环境。） 4. We should plant more trees to make homes for them and make laws to stop them from being killed.（我们应当种植更多树木为动物营造家园，并制定法律禁止捕杀它们。） 5. Let's work together to protect wild animals.（让我们携手保护野生动物。） 6. It is necessary that everyone should treat them as our friends and protect their homes.（每个人都应当将动物视作朋友并守护它们的家园，这是至关重要的。） 7. Every life deserves respect. Please love animals.每一个生命都值得尊重。请爱护动物。 8. Protect wildlife and coexist with nature.（保护野生动物，人与自然共存。） 9. Remember saving the animals means saving the earth and ourselves.（要牢记：拯救动物，就是拯救地球，更是拯救我们自身。） 10. Protecting wildlife means protecting human beings themselves！保护野生动物就是保护人类自己！ 实战演练 真题示例 Passage1 （2025·湖南长沙·中考真题） 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Liivand was little, she was often sick. To get stronger, she 1 swimming. Soon after, she was taking part in open-water swimming competitions, sometimes even in icy water. Several years ago, Liivand moved to Florida, but she continued to 2 in the sea. One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea. That experience made Liivand think of all the sea animals. These animals face 3 problems every day like her. So she decided to do something to raise people’s awareness (意识) of 4 pollution. Thinking about sea animals gave Liivand the idea of swimming like a sea animal. Instead of using her arms, she 5 swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together. She believed that swimming with a rubbery fin would send “a bigger message”. Liivand first set the world record for swimming with a rubbery fin in 2019. She swam 10 kilometers off the coast of California. In 2021, she broke the 6 by swimming 30 kilometers, this time in Miami, Florida. But Liivand believed she could go 7 . Every day, she got up at 4:00 a.m., put on her fin and went swimming. To improve her strength (力量), she sometimes even pulled other people in the water. On May 7, 2022, Liivand managed to break her record again. 8 , she swam 42.2 kilometers. It took her nearly 12 hours. Along the way, the woman collected all the 9 she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish. “Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being 10 to help the community and the world means much more,” Liivand said. 1．A．took up B．put off C．gave up 2．A．fish B．swim C．boat 3．A．similar B．different C．opposite 4．A．air B．sound C．plastic 5．A．stopped B．started C．regretted 6．A．leg B．rule C．record 7．A．farther B．slower C．higher 8．A．Unluckily B．Unbelievably C．Uncertainly 9．A．ice B．oil C．rubbish 10．A．warm-hearted B．cold-blooded C．weak-kneed 长难句解析 原句：（第四段第四句）Along the way, the woman collected all the rubbish she found and put it in the small boat that was following her. 译文：一路上，这位女士把找到的所有垃圾都收集起来，放进了一直跟着她的小船里。 分析：含两个定语从句的复合句。 结构：主句：the woman collected all the rubbish and put it in the small boat “收集垃圾并把它放进小船” 定语从句 1：she found（修饰先行词 rubbish） 定语从句 2：that was following her（修饰先行词 the small boat） 词汇积累 swallow /ˈswɒləʊ/ v. 吞下，咽下 awareness/əˈweənəs/n. 意识，认识 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料 adj. 塑料的 community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区 take up 从事；拿起 open-water swimming: 公开水域游泳 raise awareness of...: 提高对...的意识 mean a lot to sb.: 对某人来说意义重大 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了Liivand为了提高人们对塑料污染的认识，用橡胶脚蹼在海水中游泳，并多次打破记录的故事。 1．句意：为了让自己更强壮，她开始学习游泳。 took up开始从事；put off推迟；gave up放弃。根据“To get stronger, she...swimming.”可知，为了让自己更强壮，她开始学习游泳。故选A。 2．句意：几年前，利瓦德搬到了佛罗里达州，但她仍继续在海里游泳。 fish钓鱼；swim游泳；boat划船。前文提到她学习游泳，并且参加了开放水域的游泳比赛，故选B。 3．句意：这些动物每天都会面临和她相似的问题。 similar相似的；different不同的；opposite对面的。根据“One day during her training, she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea.”可知，她差点吞下了海里的一些塑料垃圾，而海洋动物每天都会面临和她相似的问题。故选A。 4．句意：于是她决定采取一些行动来提高人们对塑料污染问题的认识。 air空气；sound声音；plastic塑料。根据前文“she almost swallowed (吞) some plastic (塑料) waste in the sea”可知，是塑料污染，故选C。 5．句意：她不再用手臂划水，而是脚上绑着一块橡胶脚蹼，然后通过双腿并拢踢水的方式向前游去。 stopped停止；started开始；regretted后悔。根据“Instead of using her arms, she...swimming with a rubbery fin (橡胶脚蹼) on her feet and swam forward by kicking her legs together.”可知，她不再用手臂划水，而是开始在脚上绑着一块橡胶脚蹼游泳，故选B。 6．句意：2021年，她在佛罗里达州迈阿密完成了30公里的游泳挑战，打破了纪录。 leg腿；rule规则；record记录。根据“In 2021, she broke the...by swimming 30 kilometers”可知，她打破了纪录，故选C。 7．句意：但Liivand认为自己还能游得更远。 farther更远；slower更慢；higher更高。根据“by swimming 30 kilometers”和“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知，Liivand认为自己还能游得更远并且她做到了，故选A。 8．句意：令人难以置信的是，她游了42.2公里。 Unluckily不幸地；Unbelievably难以置信地；Uncertainly不确定地。根据“she swam 42.2 kilometers”可知，这是令人难以置信的，故选B。 9．句意：在这一过程中，这位女士收集了她所发现的所有垃圾，并将其放入跟随她的小船上。 ice冰；oil油；rubbish垃圾。根据“Finally, the small boat held three full bags of rubbish.”可知，收集了她所发现的所有垃圾，故选C。 10．句意：打破纪录对我来说意义重大，但热心帮助社区和世界则意义更为深远。 warm-hearted热心的；cold-blooded冷血的；weak-kneed软弱的。根据“Breaking a record means a lot to me, but being...to help the community and the world means much more”可知，热心帮助社区和世界则意义更为深远，故选A。 Passage2 （2025·浙江·中考真题） 阅读理解 Plains wanderers are small, rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds, female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males. Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes, while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm. These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass, making them look like part of the landscape. Sadly, their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities. To save them, scientists are using AI. The key is the birds’ calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly. Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night. Then they put these recordings into a computer program. The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have. “AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,” says Dr. Lee, who leads the project. “We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places.” Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds. Without AI, they might not have found it. Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife. 1．What do we know about plains wanderers? A．Males are larger than females. B．They are easy to find in grasslands. C．Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D．They are common in many habitats. 2．The underlined word “monitor” in the last paragraph probably means “________”. A．see B．catch C．feed D．follow 3．How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers? A．By taking photos of their nests. B．By tracking their flying paths. C．By counting eggs in the grass. D．By analyzing calls from mother birds. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Why plains wanderers are rare. B．How mother wanderers protect their chicks. C．What AI can do in daily life. D．How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers. 长难句解析 原句：（第二段第七句）The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises, like the wind blowing or insects chirping. 译文：AI 学习将平原 wanderer 的叫声与风声、虫鸣等其他噪音区分开来。 分析：结构：主句: The AI learns to tell the wanderers’ calls apart from other noises. 同位语: like the wind blowing or insects chirping (比如风声或虫鸣)，用于举例说明“other noises”具体指什么。 重点：tell ... apart from ... (将...与...区分开) 词汇积累 wanderer /ˈwɒndərə(r)n. 流浪者；漫游者 habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt n. 栖息地 take the lead 带头；领先 take over占据；接管 thanks to多亏；由于 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males.”及“Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals”可知，母鸟体型较大，并会保护幼鸟，故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them”“We can find the most important areas for them”“Once, the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds”可知，AI可以帮助人们监控到这些鸟的一些情况，所以划线单词与follow词义最相近，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger. These calls are quiet and easy to miss, but AI can hear them clearly.…This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have.”可知，通过分析母鸟的叫声来寻找平原流浪鸟，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Thanks to this technology, there is new hope for these rare birds, showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife.”可判断，本文介绍了濒危鸟类平原流浪鸟的独特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方法，故选D。 模拟演练 Passage 1 （2025·辽宁·模拟预测） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The Changbai Mountain 1 (lie) in the northeast of China. It gets 2 (it) name because there are beautiful  sights of being white almost  all year round. The Changbai Mountain 3 (form) around 2.77 million years ago, after volcano eruptions ( 火山喷发 ) because 4 the movement of the earth crust (地壳). At the top of the main mountain there is a lake, called “Tian-Chi” in Chinese, with a height of 2,100 5 (meter) above sea level. Tianchi is 6 deepest mountain lake around the world. The average 7 (deep) of water is 204 meters. It has stored over 2 billion tons of fresh water, which is able 8 (provide) the population in Beijing downtown for 22 months. The winter lasts for 9 months in the Changbai Mountain, 9 the mountain top is covered by snow most of the time. It is 10 (terrible) difficult to visit the mountain during the winter. 【答案】 1．lies 2．its 3．was formed 4．of 5．meters 6．the 7．depth 8．to provide 9．so 10．terribly 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国东北的长白山及其山顶的天池。 1．句意：长白山位于中国的东北部。lie“位于”，动词，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是The Changbai Mountain，单三，故此处动词也用单三形式。故填lies。 2．句意：它之所以得名，是因为一年中几乎全年都是美丽的白色景观。名词“name”前用形容词性物主代词，it“它”，主格，其形容词性物主代词为its“它的”。故填its。 3．句意：长白山是在大约277万年前，由于地壳运动引起的火山喷发而形成的。form“形成”，动词，根据“The Changbai Mountain...around 2.77 million years ago,”可知，此处应是一般过去时的被动语态，构成为主语+was/were+过去分词；主语为The Changbai Mountain，单数，故此处用was；form的过去分词为formed。故填was formed。 4．句意：长白山是在大约277万年前，由于地壳运动引起的火山喷发而形成的。根据“because... the movement of the earth crust (地壳).”可知，此处应是because of+短语。故填of。 　　　　　　 5．句意：长白山主峰顶部有一个湖，名为“天池”，海拔2100米。此处表示2100米，2100后面接名词复数。故填meters。 6．句意：天池是世界上最深的火山湖。此处是最深的，形容词最高级deepest前面应用定冠词the。故填the。 7．句意：平均水深204米。此处表示平均深度，deep“深的”，形容词，其名词为depth“深度”。故填depth。 8．句意：它储存了超过20亿吨的淡水，足以供应北京市区22个月的用水量。根据“which is able...”可知，此处是be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。故填to provide。 9．句意：长白山的冬季长达9个月，所以山顶大部分时间被雪覆盖。根据“The winter lasts for 9 months in the Changbai Mountain,...the mountain top is covered by snow most of the time.”可知，此处是因果关系，此处用so“因此”引导结果状语从句。故填so。 10．句意：冬季前往长白山非常困难。此处应用副词修饰形容词difficult。故填terribly。 Passage 2（2025·河北唐山·三模） 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Snow forests make up about 30% of the world’s total forest areas. These wonderful woodlands are not as famous as the Amazon or other rain forests, but they are important. To mark the International Day of Forests, we report on why they are so important for Earth’s health and why they are in danger. Also known as northern or taiga (针叶林) forests, snow forests are found in the far north of the world, in areas that are quite cold and usually have a lot of snowfall. They lie across parts of Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the US. Snow forests spread for thousands of miles and cover about 17% of the Earth’s total land area. Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months, but even so, they are home to all kinds of animals. In the US and Canada, as many as 5 billion (十亿) birds from more than 300 species (物种) live in the forests in the breeding (繁殖) season. Snow forests are facing several challenges. Trees are being cut down faster and faster for their wood, which can be used for building. Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses. All these endanger the homes of wildlife. In more southern snow forest areas, 1% of the land is being cleared of trees each year. Environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to make snow forests protected areas. This means that cutting down trees is stopped or controlled in some areas. When wood is needed, replanting plans and careful forest management help to reduce the bad influence. Hopefully this means that the forest is managed in a way that it can live. 1．What are snow forests also known as? 2．How much of the Earth’s total land area do snow forests cover? 3．How long does the winter in snow forests last? 4．What challenges are snow forests facing? (写出1个即可) 5．What does the passage mainly talk about? Give some suggestions on how to protect snow forests. 【答案】1．Northern or taiga forests. 2．17%. / Seventeen percent. 3．Up to six months. 4．Trees are being cut down faster and faster. / Some forests are being cleared. 5．Why snow forests are so important for Earth’s health and why they are in danger. Stop cutting down trees. / Replant trees… 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪林 (又称北方森林或针叶林) 的重要性、分布情况、面临的威胁以及保护措施。 1．根据文章第2段“Also known as northern or taiga forests”可知，雪林也被称为北方森林或针叶林。故填Northern or taiga forests. 2．根据文章第2段“cover about 17% of the Earth’s total land area”可知，雪林覆盖了地球约17%的陆地面积。故填17%. / Seventeen percent. 3．根据文章第3段“Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months”可知，雪林的冬季可以持续长达六个月。故填Up to six months。 4．根据文章第4段“Trees are being cut down faster and faster for their wood”或“Some forests are being cleared to make space for new roads and houses”可知，雪林面临的挑战包括树木被快速砍伐用于木材或为新建道路和房屋腾出空间。故填Trees are being cut down faster and faster. / Some forests are being cleared. 5．根据全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了为什么雪林对地球的健康如此重要，以及为什么它们处于危险之中。保护建议包括：根据文章第5段“making snow forests protected areas”、“cutting down trees is stopped or controlled”、“replanting plans and careful forest management”可知，建议将雪林设为保护区、停止或控制砍伐、实施重新造林计划和进行仔细的森林管理。故填Why snow forests are so important for Earth’s health and why they are in danger. Stop cutting down trees. / Replant trees… Passage 3（2025·河南平顶山·二模）      After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat— has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean.     The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute.     A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal’s life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story. D．By using a saying. 2．What does the underlined word “demand” mean? A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need. D．Price. 3．What do we know from Paragraph 3? A．If sharks die out, tuna will die out soon. B．Tuna will be more popular in restaurants. C．Tuna play an important role in the ecosystem. D．Tuna disappeared because they found no food. 4．(新考法·写作意图) What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D．To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 5．What does the last paragraph want to tell us? A．We need to care about wildlife. B．We need to eat wild animals. C．We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs. D．We don’t want to protect wild animals. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文作者通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，向读者说明由于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 1．推理判断题。根据“After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery...”可知，作者根据科学家研究发现的事实引入本文内容。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat.”可知，很多人从鱼肉中获取蛋白质，医生也称赞海洋食物低脂肪，这造成了对鱼类需求的增加，所以demand意为“需求”，与“need”同义。故选C。 3． 推理判断题。根据“When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down.”可知，金枪鱼在生态系统中起着重要作用。故选C。 4． 推理判断题。根据“If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear.”和“If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs”可知，作者通过本文想要呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“‘If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,’ says Morgan. ‘Then decide what you’re going to eat.’”可知，作者在最后一段表明了我们需要反思我们自己的价值观和信仰。故选C。 Passage 4（25-26八年级上·全国·期末） Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more. Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells (海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools. In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers! So dolphins are clearly clever. But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time”? That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼), who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction, and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important, making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter. At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure: dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins! 1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question? A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest. 2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3? A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers. C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people. 3．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with? A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses’ ability is not really important. C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on earth. D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment. 4．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found? A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了海豚的智慧表现，并探讨了不同动物在智力方面的独特能力。 1．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Are dolphins brainy (聪明的)? The answer must be yes!”可知，通过提问引起读者兴趣，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers!”可知，海豚能够比较数字，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment.”可知，每一种动物都善于找到适应多变环境的生存方式，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据全文讨论动物智力表现的内容，最可能出现在“动物世界”单元，故选C。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $