Unit 1 No Limits（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版2020必修第二册

Unit 1 No Limits 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 6 题型一：词性转换 1. ____________（n. 限制）→ ____________（adj. 有限的）→ ____________（adj. 无限的）→ ____________（adj. 无界限的）→ ____________（v. 限制）→ ____________（adj. 限制性的） 2. ____________（v. 实现；达成）→ ____________（n. 成就）→ ____________（adj. 可实现的） 3. ____________（n. 挑战）→ ____________（v. 挑战）→ ____________（adj. 具有挑战性的） 4. ____________（n. 勇气）→ ____________（adj. 勇敢的）→ ____________（v. 鼓励）→ ____________（n. 鼓励） 5. ____________（v. 探索）→ ____________（n. 探索）→ ____________（n. 探险家）→ ____________（adj. 探索性的） 6. ____________（adj. 可能的）→ ____________（adv. 可能地）→ ____________（n. 可能性）→ ____________（adj. 不可能的）→ ____________（adv. 不可能地） 7. ____________（v. 成功）→ ____________（n. 成功）→ ____________（adj. 成功的）→ ____________（adv. 成功地） 8. ____________（adj. 强壮的；坚强的）→ ____________（n. 力量；优势）→ ____________（v. 加强；巩固）→ ____________（adv. 强烈地） 9. ____________（v. 决定；决心）→ ____________（n. 决心）→ ____________（adj. 坚决的） 10. ____________（n. 冒险）→ ____________（adj. 爱冒险的；充满冒险精神的） 11. ____________（n. 恐惧）→ ____________（v. 害怕）→ ____________（adj. 害怕的）→ ____________（adj. 无畏的）→ ____________（adv. 害怕地） 12. ____________（v. 激励；鼓舞）→ ____________（n. 灵感；激励）→ ____________（adj. 受鼓舞的）→ ____________（adj. 令人鼓舞的） 13. ____________（v. 变化；不同）→ ____________（n. 多样性）→ ____________（adj. 各种各样的）→ ____________（adj. 多样化的） 14. ____________（v. 依靠；依赖）→ ____________（n. 依赖）→ ____________（adj. 独立的）→ ____________（n. 独立）→ ____________（adj. 依赖的） 15. ____________（n. 希望）→ ____________（v. 希望）→ ____________（adj. 充满希望的）→ ____________（adj. 无望的）→ ____________（adv. 有希望地） 【答案】 1. limit（n. 限制）→ limited（adj. 有限的）→ unlimited（adj. 无限的）→ limitless（adj. 无界限的）→ limit（v. 限制）→ limiting（adj. 限制性的） 2. achieve（v. 实现；达成）→ achievement（n. 成就）→ achievable（adj. 可实现的） 3. challenge（n. 挑战）→ challenge（v. 挑战）→ challenging（adj. 具有挑战性的） 4. courage（n. 勇气）→ courageous（adj. 勇敢的）→ encourage（v. 鼓励）→ encouragement（n. 鼓励） 5. explore（v. 探索）→ exploration（n. 探索）→ explorer（n. 探险家）→ exploratory（adj. 探索性的） 6. possible（adj. 可能的）→ possibly（adv. 可能地）→ possibility（n. 可能性）→ impossible（adj. 不可能的）→ impossibly（adv. 不可能地） 7. succeed（v. 成功）→ success（n. 成功）→ successful（adj. 成功的）→ successfully（adv. 成功地） 8. strong（adj. 强壮的；坚强的）→ strength（n. 力量；优势）→ strengthen（v. 加强；巩固）→ strongly（adv. 强烈地） 9. determine（v. 决定；决心）→ determination（n. 决心）→ determined（adj. 坚决的） 10. adventure（n. 冒险）→ adventurous（adj. 爱冒险的；充满冒险精神的） 11. fear（n. 恐惧）→ fear（v. 害怕）→ fearful（adj. 害怕的）→ fearless（adj. 无畏的）→ fearfully（adv. 害怕地） 12. inspire（v. 激励；鼓舞）→ inspiration（n. 灵感；激励）→ inspired（adj. 受鼓舞的）→ inspiring（adj. 令人鼓舞的） 13. vary（v. 变化；不同）→ variety（n. 多样性）→ various（adj. 各种各样的）→ varied（adj. 多样化的） 14. depend（v. 依靠；依赖）→ dependence（n. 依赖）→ independent（adj. 独立的）→ independence（n. 独立）→ dependent（adj. 依赖的） 15. hope（n. 希望）→ hope（v. 希望）→ hopeful（adj. 充满希望的）→ hopeless（adj. 无望的）→ hopefully（adv. 有希望地） 题型二：核心短语 1. _______________________________________ 对……设定限制 2. _______________________________________ 超越极限 3. _______________________________________ 把自己推向极限 4. _______________________________________ 在合理范围内 5. _______________________________________ 无限制地 6. _______________________________________ 突破限制 7. _______________________________________ 追求；寻求 8. _______________________________________ 克服挑战 9. _______________________________________ 为……奋斗 10. _______________________________________ 跟上；赶上 11. _______________________________________ 尽管；不管 12. _______________________________________ 承担；接受（任务等） 13. _______________________________________ 永不放弃 14. _______________________________________ 实现目标 15. _______________________________________ 挺身而出；应对挑战 【答案】 1. set a limit to 对……设定限制 2. go beyond limits 超越极限 3. push oneself to the limit 把自己推向极限 4. within limits 在合理范围内 5. without limit 无限制地 6. break through limits 突破限制 7. in pursuit of 追求；寻求 8. overcome challenges 克服挑战 9. strive for 为……奋斗 10. keep up with 跟上；赶上 11. in spite of 尽管；不管 12. take on 承担；接受（任务等） 13. never give up 永不放弃 14. achieve one’s goals 实现目标 15. rise to the occasion 挺身而出；应对挑战 题型三：一词多用 重点词汇1：limit（核心含义：限制） • 名词（n.）：limit 限制；限度 • 动词（v.）：limit 限制 • 形容词（adj.）：limited 有限的；limitless 无限的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. We must set a reasonable ______ (limit) to the time spent on online games. 2. The government plans to ______ (limit) the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 3. Due to ______ (limit) resources, we need to use them more efficiently. 4. With courage and perseverance, human potential is ______ (limit) — we can always achieve more. 重点词汇2：challenge（核心含义：挑战） • 名词（n.）：challenge 挑战 • 动词（v.）：challenge 向……挑战；考验 • 形容词（adj.）：challenging 具有挑战性的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. Facing difficulties bravely is the key to overcoming any ______ (challenge). 2. The difficult task ______ (challenge) our ability to work as a team. 3. She found the journey through the desert ______ (challenge) but extremely rewarding. 4. Don’t be afraid to take on new ______ (challenge) — they help you grow. 重点词汇3：achieve（核心含义：实现；达成） • 动词（v.）：achieve 实现；达成 • 名词（n.）：achievement 成就；成绩 • 形容词（adj.）：achievable 可实现的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. Through years of hard work, he finally ______ (achieve) his dream of becoming a scientist. 2. Her great ______ (achieve) in the field of medicine have inspired many young researchers. 3. Setting small, ______ (achieve) goals can help you build confidence step by step. 4. It is not easy to ______ (achieve) success without perseverance and effort. 答案： 1. limit 2. limit 3. limited 4. limitless 1. challenge 2. challenges 3. challenging 4. challenges 1. achieved 2. achievements 3. achievable 4. achieve 题型四：单句语法填空 1. The athlete pushed himself to the limit, ______ (determine) to win the championship. 2. We should set a limit ______ the time we spend on social media every day. 3. ______ (inspire) by her story of overcoming difficulties, many students decided to work harder. 4. He succeeded in breaking through the limits ______ (set) by his previous failures. 5. In spite ______ the heavy rain, the hikers continued their journey to the mountain top. 6. The scientist devoted his life to ______ (pursue) the truth about the universe. 7. She is such a determined person that she never gives ______ even when facing great challenges. 8. ______ (push) oneself too hard for a long time may lead to physical and mental exhaustion. 9. The project is within ______ (limit) of our budget, so we can start it next month. 10. He rose ______ the occasion and solved the problem that had confused everyone else. 11. The ______ (challenge) task didn’t discourage him; instead, it motivated him to try harder. 12. We need to keep up ______ the rapid development of technology to avoid being left behind. 13. ______ (have) failed many times, he still believed that he could achieve his goal. 14. The teacher encouraged us ______ (strive) for excellence in everything we do. 15. There is no limit ______ what a person can achieve if he or she works hard enough. 16. ______ (face) with so many difficulties, they didn’t lose heart and kept moving forward. 17. He took ______ the responsibility of organizing the event and did a great job. 18. The ______ (inspire) speech made everyone in the audience full of confidence. 19. She spent three years ______ (train) for the competition and finally won the gold medal. 20. ______ we set clear goals, we can better focus our efforts and avoid wasting time. 21. The team’s success was due to their ______ (unite) and perseverance in the face of hardships. 22. He is more ______ (determine) than anyone else I know, which is why he always achieves his goals. 23. ______ (not realize) the importance of time management, many students often procrastinate. 24. We should learn to balance work and rest, as working without ______ (limit) is not sustainable. 25. The doctor advised him to take on ______ (little) pressure and get more rest. 26. ______ (overcome) fear is the first step to achieving anything meaningful in life. 27. She has a strong desire ______ (prove) that women can do whatever men can do. 28. In order ______ (go) beyond limits, we need to constantly learn and improve ourselves. 29. The ______ (excite) news that our team won the game spread quickly across the school. 30. He didn’t give up his dream ______ though he encountered countless obstacles. 31. ______ (spend) too much time on entertainment will affect our study and work. 32. The company is trying to expand its business ______ (without) limit, which may bring risks. 33. We are proud ______ our classmates who have made great achievements in various fields. 34. ______ (motivate) by the desire to succeed, he worked day and night to finish the project. 35. The task is challenging, but it is ______ (within) our ability to complete it on time. 36. He advised us to set realistic goals instead of ______ (aim) too high all at once. 37. ______ (know) that time is limited, we should make every minute count. 38. She is always willing to take ______ new challenges and learn from her experiences. 39. The ______ (disappoint) result didn’t make him give up; he decided to try again. 40. ______ we work together, we can overcome any difficulty and achieve our common goals. 答案： 1. determined（v-ed形式作伴随状语） • 解析：逻辑主语the athlete与determine是被动关系（被决心驱使），用v-ed形式，be determined to do sth表示“决心做某事”。 2. to（固定搭配） • 解析：set a limit to sth是固定短语，意为“对……设定限制”。 3. Inspired（v-ed形式作原因状语） • 解析：逻辑主语many students与inspire是被动关系（被激励），用v-ed形式开头作原因状语。 4. set（v-ed形式作定语） • 解析：limits与set是被动关系（被设定的限制），用v-ed形式作后置定语，相当于定语从句which were set。 5. of（固定搭配） • 解析：in spite of是固定短语，意为“尽管；不管”，后接名词/代词/动名词。 6. pursuing（v-ing形式作介词宾语） • 解析：devote...to...中to是介词，后接动词-ing形式，pursue的-ing形式为pursuing。 7. up（固定搭配） • 解析：give up是固定短语，意为“放弃”。 8. Pushing（v-ing形式作主语） • 解析：句子缺少主语，用v-ing形式Pushing oneself too hard作主语，表抽象动作。 9. limits（名词复数） • 解析：within limits是固定短语，意为“在合理范围内”，limit用复数形式。 10. to（固定搭配） • 解析：rise to the occasion是固定短语，意为“挺身而出；应对挑战”。 11. challenging（形容词作定语） • 解析：修饰名词task，用形容词challenging（有挑战性的），区别于challenged（感到有挑战的，修饰人）。 12. with（固定搭配） • 解析：keep up with是固定短语，意为“跟上；赶上”。 13. Having（v-ing完成式作让步状语） • 解析：fail动作发生在believe之前，用having done形式，表“尽管已经失败过很多次”。 14. to strive（不定式作宾语补足语） • 解析：encourage sb to do sth是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。 15. to（固定搭配） • 解析：there is no limit to sth是固定句型，意为“……是无限的”。 16. Faced（v-ed形式作状语） • 解析：be faced with是固定短语，意为“面对……”，此处省略be动词，用Faced with作状语。 17. on（固定搭配） • 解析：take on是固定短语，意为“承担；接受”。 18. inspiring（形容词作定语） • 解析：修饰名词speech，用形容词inspiring（令人鼓舞的），区别于inspired（感到鼓舞的，修饰人）。 19. training（v-ing形式作宾语） • 解析：spend time (in) doing sth是固定句型，意为“花费时间做某事”，in可省略，故填training。 20. If/When（连词引导状语从句） • 解析：根据句意“如果/当我们设定明确目标时，我们能更好地集中精力”，用If（条件状语从句）或When（时间状语从句）均可。 21. unity（名词作宾语） • 解析：形容词性物主代词their后接名词，unite的名词形式为unity（团结）。 22. determined（形容词比较级） • 解析：more后接形容词原级，determine的形容词形式为determined（坚定的）。 23. Not realizing（v-ing否定式作原因状语） • 解析：逻辑主语many students与realize是主动关系，否定式在v-ing前加not，表“由于没有意识到时间管理的重要性”。 24. limits（名词复数） • 解析：without limits是固定短语，意为“无限制地”，limit用复数形式。 25. less（形容词比较级） • 解析：根据句意“医生建议他承受更少的压力”，用little的比较级less。 26. Overcoming（v-ing形式作主语） • 解析：句子缺少主语，用v-ing形式Overcoming fear作主语，表“克服恐惧”这一动作。 27. to prove（不定式作定语） • 解析：desire后接不定式作定语，a desire to do sth表示“做某事的愿望”。 28. to go（不定式作目的状语） • 解析：in order to do sth是固定结构，意为“为了做某事”，表目的。 29. exciting（形容词作定语） • 解析：修饰名词news，用形容词exciting（令人兴奋的），区别于excited（感到兴奋的，修饰人）。 30. even（副词修饰让步状语从句） • 解析：even though是固定短语，意为“尽管；即使”，此处填even。 31. Spending（v-ing形式作主语） • 解析：句子缺少主语，用v-ing形式Spending too much time作主语。 32. without（介词） • 解析：根据句意“公司试图无限扩展业务”，用介词without，后接名词limit。 33. of（固定搭配） • 解析：be proud of是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”。 34. Motivated（v-ed形式作原因状语） • 解析：逻辑主语he与motivate是被动关系（被激励），用v-ed形式作原因状语。 35. within（介词） • 解析：within one’s ability是固定短语，意为“在某人的能力范围内”。 36. aiming（v-ing形式作介词宾语） • 解析：instead of是介词短语，后接动词-ing形式，aim的-ing形式为aiming。 37. Knowing（v-ing形式作原因状语） • 解析：逻辑主语we与know是主动关系，用v-ing形式作原因状语，表“因为知道时间有限”。 38. on（固定搭配） • 解析：take on new challenges是固定搭配，意为“接受新挑战”。 39. disappointing（形容词作定语） • 解析：修饰名词result，用形容词disappointing（令人失望的），区别于disappointed（感到失望的，修饰人）。 40. If/When（连词引导状语从句） • 解析：根据句意“如果/当我们一起努力，我们能克服任何困难”，用If（条件状语从句）或When（时间状语从句）均可。 题型五：单词拼写 1. We should never give up when facing difficulties and always try to ______ (突破) our own limits. 2. Her ______ (决心) to succeed helped her overcome all the challenges in her study. 3. The scientist spent years doing experiments in ______ (追求) of the truth. 4. It’s important to set realistic goals and work hard to ______ (实现) them. 5. He has a strong ______ (渴望) for knowledge and reads books every day. 6. Despite the bad weather, the climbers ______ (坚持) on reaching the top of the mountain. 7. The athlete ______ (训练) hard every day to prepare for the upcoming competition. 8. His ______ (勇气) to face failure inspired many young people around him. 9. We need to ______ (调整) our plans according to the changing situation. 10. She showed great ______ (毅力) and finally finished the marathon. 11. The team ______ (合作) closely and achieved remarkable results in the project. 12. His ______ (成就) in the field of technology have won him worldwide praise. 13. We should ______ (珍惜) the opportunities given to us and make full use of them. 14. The little boy has a ______ (潜力) to become a great musician in the future. 15. ______ (尽管) the heavy workload, she still managed to balance work and life. 答案： 1. break through（动词短语）：意为“突破；冲破”，贴合单元“突破限制”主题，常用搭配“break through limits”。 2. determination（名词）：由动词“determine”变形而来，表“决心；果断”，注意拼写中“mine”后的“-ation”后缀。 3. pursuit（名词）：固定搭配“in pursuit of”（追求……），是单元核心短语对应的名词形式。 4. achieve（动词）：表“实现；达成”，常用搭配“achieve goals/dreams”，与单元“追求目标”主题呼应。 5. desire（名词）：意为“渴望；欲望”，可接介词“for”，即“desire for sth”（对……的渴望）。 6. insisted（动词过去式）：动词“insist”的过去式，固定搭配“insist on doing sth”（坚持做某事），结合语境用过去式。 7. trains（动词第三人称单数）：主语“the athlete”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中谓语动词加“-s”，表“训练”。 8. courage（名词）：不可数名词，意为“勇气”，注意与“encourage”（动词，鼓励）区分拼写。 9. adjust（动词）：意为“调整；适应”，常用搭配“adjust sth to sth”（调整某物以适应……）。 10. perseverance（名词）：表“毅力；坚持不懈”，是单元“突破困难”主题的核心词汇，拼写需注意“severe”后的“-ance”后缀。 11. cooperated（动词过去式）：动词“cooperate”的过去式，固定搭配“cooperate with sb”（与某人合作），结合语境用过去式。 12. achievements（名词复数）：由“achieve”变形而来，表“成就；功绩”，根据谓语动词“have”可知用复数形式。 13. cherish（动词）：意为“珍惜；珍视”，注意拼写中“-ish”后缀，无被动语态。 14. potential（名词）：意为“潜力；潜能”，常用搭配“have the potential to do sth”（有做某事的潜力）。 15. Despite（介词）：意为“尽管；不管”，后接名词/代词/动名词，注意与“although”（连词，后接从句）区分用法。 题型六：完成句子 1. In spite of the great difficulties, she never gave up and finally ____________ (突破了自己的极限). (break through one’s limits) 2. He ____________ (把自己推向极限) to finish the marathon, even though his legs were painful. (push oneself to the limit) 3. The scientist devotes his life to ____________ (追求真理), never afraid of failure. (in pursuit of) 4. ____________ (尽管天气恶劣), the climbers continued their journey to the top of the mountain. (in spite of) 5. We should ____________ (为梦想奋斗) and never let anything stop us. (strive for) 6. The young athlete ____________ (承担了巨大的压力) but rose to the occasion successfully. (take on) 7. ____________ (在合理范围内), we can try new things to discover our potential. (within limits) 8. The team worked day and night, ____________ (克服了一个又一个挑战) to complete the project ahead of schedule. (overcome challenges) 9. She decided to ____________ (超越极限) and learn a new language at the age of 50. (go beyond limits) 10. ____________ (为了实现他的目标), he spends two hours practicing every day. (achieve one’s goals) 答案： 1. broke through her own limits • 解析：and连接并列谓语，根据gave up可知用一般过去时，break的过去式为broke；“自己的”用one’s own，主语是she，故填her own。 • 主题关联：体现“面对困难不放弃，突破自我”的单元核心。 2. pushed himself to the limit • 解析：根据后文were可知用一般过去时，push的过去式为pushed；主语是he，反身代词用himself。 • 语法拓展：push sb. to the limit为固定短语，“把某人推向极限”，常用于描述努力拼搏的场景。 3. being in pursuit of truth • 解析：devote...to中的to是介词，后接名词或v-ing形式，in pursuit of为介词短语，故前面加being。 • 固定搭配：devote oneself to doing sth.（致力于做某事），贴合“为真理不懈努力”的主题。 4. In spite of the bad weather / In spite of the harsh weather • 解析：in spite of后接名词短语，“恶劣天气”可译为bad weather或harsh weather；注意首字母大写。 • 语法对比：in spite of + 名词短语 = though/although + 从句（例：Though the weather was bad...）。 5. strive for our dreams • 解析：should后接动词原形，“我们的梦想”用our dreams，复数形式表泛指。 • 语境提示：鼓励“为梦想奋斗”，呼应单元“无限可能”的理念。 6. took on great pressure • 解析：根据rose可知用一般过去时，take on的过去式为took on；“巨大的压力”译为great pressure，pressure为不可数名词。 • 短语拓展：take on后可接名词（如pressure, tasks, responsibilities等），表“承担、接受”。 7. Within limits • 解析：固定短语作状语，无需变形，直接置于句首；注意首字母大写。 • 用法说明：within limits表“在合理范围内”，强调“适度尝试，探索潜力”。 8. overcoming challenges one after another • 解析：逗号后作伴随状语，主语the team与overcome是主动关系，用v-ing形式；“一个又一个”译为one after another，增强语境感。 • 语法关联：v-ing作伴随状语，体现“团队协作，持续克服挑战”的动作连贯性。 9. go beyond her limits • 解析：decide to后接动词原形，故用go beyond；主语是she，形容词性物主代词用her。 • 主题升华：体现“年龄不是限制，勇于超越自我”的单元精神。 10. To achieve his goal • 解析：此处用不定式作目的状语，表“为了实现目标”；“他的目标”译为his goal，单数形式表特指。 • 语法功能：不定式作目的状语，突出“为目标持续努力”的逻辑关系。 题型一：语篇语法填空 (24-25高二上·上海交大附中分校联考·期中) Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When the Going Gets Rough Does change frighten you? There are many ways 1 (handle) the little surprises life throws at us. Stuff happens. There’s nothing we can do to change that. But the problem is that our bodies and brains are programmed to be suspicious of change — to be anxious about it. After all, change means uncertainty and in our evolutionary past, that 2 (mean) a greater risk of meeting up with a hungry lion or annoyed elephant. Therefore, when you are uncertain, the brain releases stress hormones, the fight-or-flight chemicals 3 , when we lived on the savannah, helped our ancestors avoid these hungry lions of face them down. The problem is that the uncertainties we 4 (face) with today aren’t generally as life-or-death, and don’t usually resolve to a quick getaway. So we have to deal with those excess stress hormones in a different way, which is where mindfulness can really help. Here are some top tips for dealing with change so the next time something new and challenging arises, you’ll know exactly what to do. Control What You Can Even in the most difficult of situations, there are some things that you can control. Make a list of these things, 5 small they seem, and then start doing them. You will find that ticking them off the list will make the less controllable problems appear far 6 (manageable).Opportunity, Not Disaster Suppose you don’t get the grades you need for university, or you don’t get your dream job. One natural response is to see it as a disaster and that your life is over. This will achieve nothing and make you miserable. 7 is to see it as an opportunity to do something else entirely: go travelling, apply for an apprenticeship, etc. Studies have shown that people who train themselves to think of change 8 an opportunity cope with it much better. Time it Uncertainty, 9 change itself, is the biggest cause of stress. One way of coping with it is to work out how long the uncertainty will last for. 10 (know) when things will change for the better gives your mind an end point that allows it to cope with the uncertain present. 【答案】 1．to handle 2．meant 3．that/which 4．are faced 5．however 6．more manageable 7．Another 8．as 9．rather than/instead of 10．Knowing/To know 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过阐述人们面对变化时的心理反应和应对策略，给出了如何更好地应对生活变化的方法和建议。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多方法来处理生活给我们的小惊喜。此处是固定搭配：way to do sth.意为“作某事的方法”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to handle。 2．考查动词时态。句意：毕竟，变化意味着不确定性，在我们的进化历史中，这意味着遇到饥饿的狮子或恼怒的大象的风险更大。本句是and连接的并列句，后句缺少谓语，mean作谓语，根据时间状语in our evolutionary past，用一般过去时。故填meant。 3．考查定语从句。句意：因此，当你感到不确定时，大脑就会释放压力荷尔蒙，一种“战或逃”的化学物质，当我们生活在大草原上时，这种化学物质帮助我们的祖先避开饥饿的狮子或将它们打倒。空处引导定语从句，先行词是chemicals，在从句中作主语，用which或者that引导。故填which/that。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：问题是，我们今天面临的不确定性通常不是生死攸关的，也通常不会让我们迅速逃离。本句省略that的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，此处是固定搭配：be faced with意为“面临”，根据时间状语today可知，用一般现在时。故填are faced。 5．考查状语从句。句意：把这些事情列一个清单，不管它们看起来多么小，然后开始做。空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“不管怎样”之意，用however引导让步张玉春。故填however。 6．考查形容词。句意：你会发现，把它们从清单上划掉会让那些不太可控的问题显得容易得多。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意以及空前的far可知，此处表达“容易得多”之意，用比较级。故填more manageable。 7．考查代词。句意：另一种是把它看作一个机会，去做一些完全不同的事情：去旅行，申请学徒，等等。本句缺少主语，所以空处应填代词或者名词，根据前文“One natural response is to see it as a disaster and that your life is over. This will achieve nothing and make you miserable.”可知，此处在描述遇到不顺后的可能的反应，应该有三种或以上的可能，用another作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Another。 8．考查介词。句意：研究表明，那些训练自己将变化视为机遇的人能更好地应对变化。此处为固定搭配：think of sth.as sth.意为“把某物想成某物”。故填as。 9．考查固定短语。句意：不确定性，而不是变化本身，是压力的最大原因。根据句意，空处表达“而不是”之意，可用固定搭配：rather than或者instead of。故填rather than/instead of。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：知道什么时候事情会变得更好，会给你的大脑一个终点，让它能够应对不确定的现在。本句缺少主语，所以空处可用动名词作主语，此处也可表达“去知道”之意，也可用不定式作主语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Knowing/To know。 题型二：应用文写作 (24-25高二上·上海同济大学二附中·期中) 1．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高中生张华，在本期学校英语报的“TROUBLESHOOTER (排忧解难)”专栏读到James的来信(内容如下)。你通过该专栏给James写一封回信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母的看法，你的回信须包括： (1)你的建议； (2)你的理由。 TroubleshooterI’ve been feeling quite frustrated lately because my parents don’t support me in participating in volunteer activities. They believe that my time should be fully dedicated to studying and preparing for college entrance exams. How can I change their mind? —James ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear James, I understand the frustration you’re feeling about your parents not supporting your participation in volunteer activities. It’s a common challenge for many students to balance their academic responsibilities with extracurricular interests. My suggestion is to approach your parents with a well-thought-out plan. Explain to them how volunteering can actually complement your studies. For instance, through volunteer work, you can develop important life skills such as time management, problem-solving, and teamwork, which are all valuable both academically and in later life. Moreover, you could propose a compromise. Offer to dedicate specific times to volunteering, while ensuring that your study schedule remains a priority. Show them through your actions that you can manage both effectively. Remember to be respectful and understanding of their concerns. With patience and a clear plan, you might be able to change their perspective. Best regards, Zhang Hua Mingqi High School 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于在本期学校英语报的“TROUBLESHOOTER (排忧解难)”专栏读到James的来信情况，通过该专栏给James写一封回信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggestion →advice 此外：Moreover → What’s more 提出：propose→ put forward 观点：perspective→ viewpoint 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With patience and a clear plan, you might be able to change their perspective. 拓展句：If you are patient and have a clear plan, you might be able to change their perspective. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】For instance, through volunteer work, you can develop important life skills such as time management, problem-solving, and teamwork, which are all valuable both academically and in later life.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It’s a common challenge for many students to balance their academic responsibilities with extracurricular interests.（运用了It作形式主语，动词不定式to do作真正主语的固定句型。） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 No Limits 重难词汇精练 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 4 题型六、完成句子 5 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 6 题型二、应用文写作 6 题型一：词性转换 1. ____________（n. 限制）→ ____________（adj. 有限的）→ ____________（adj. 无限的）→ ____________（adj. 无界限的）→ ____________（v. 限制）→ ____________（adj. 限制性的） 2. ____________（v. 实现；达成）→ ____________（n. 成就）→ ____________（adj. 可实现的） 3. ____________（n. 挑战）→ ____________（v. 挑战）→ ____________（adj. 具有挑战性的） 4. ____________（n. 勇气）→ ____________（adj. 勇敢的）→ ____________（v. 鼓励）→ ____________（n. 鼓励） 5. ____________（v. 探索）→ ____________（n. 探索）→ ____________（n. 探险家）→ ____________（adj. 探索性的） 6. ____________（adj. 可能的）→ ____________（adv. 可能地）→ ____________（n. 可能性）→ ____________（adj. 不可能的）→ ____________（adv. 不可能地） 7. ____________（v. 成功）→ ____________（n. 成功）→ ____________（adj. 成功的）→ ____________（adv. 成功地） 8. ____________（adj. 强壮的；坚强的）→ ____________（n. 力量；优势）→ ____________（v. 加强；巩固）→ ____________（adv. 强烈地） 9. ____________（v. 决定；决心）→ ____________（n. 决心）→ ____________（adj. 坚决的） 10. ____________（n. 冒险）→ ____________（adj. 爱冒险的；充满冒险精神的） 11. ____________（n. 恐惧）→ ____________（v. 害怕）→ ____________（adj. 害怕的）→ ____________（adj. 无畏的）→ ____________（adv. 害怕地） 12. ____________（v. 激励；鼓舞）→ ____________（n. 灵感；激励）→ ____________（adj. 受鼓舞的）→ ____________（adj. 令人鼓舞的） 13. ____________（v. 变化；不同）→ ____________（n. 多样性）→ ____________（adj. 各种各样的）→ ____________（adj. 多样化的） 14. ____________（v. 依靠；依赖）→ ____________（n. 依赖）→ ____________（adj. 独立的）→ ____________（n. 独立）→ ____________（adj. 依赖的） 15. ____________（n. 希望）→ ____________（v. 希望）→ ____________（adj. 充满希望的）→ ____________（adj. 无望的）→ ____________（adv. 有希望地） 题型二：核心短语 1. _______________________________________ 对……设定限制 2. _______________________________________ 超越极限 3. _______________________________________ 把自己推向极限 4. _______________________________________ 在合理范围内 5. _______________________________________ 无限制地 6. _______________________________________ 突破限制 7. _______________________________________ 追求；寻求 8. _______________________________________ 克服挑战 9. _______________________________________ 为……奋斗 10. _______________________________________ 跟上；赶上 11. _______________________________________ 尽管；不管 12. _______________________________________ 承担；接受（任务等） 13. _______________________________________ 永不放弃 14. _______________________________________ 实现目标 15. _______________________________________ 挺身而出；应对挑战 题型三：一词多用 重点词汇1：limit（核心含义：限制） • 名词（n.）：limit 限制；限度 • 动词（v.）：limit 限制 • 形容词（adj.）：limited 有限的；limitless 无限的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. We must set a reasonable ______ (limit) to the time spent on online games. 2. The government plans to ______ (limit) the use of plastic bags to protect the environment. 3. Due to ______ (limit) resources, we need to use them more efficiently. 4. With courage and perseverance, human potential is ______ (limit) — we can always achieve more. 重点词汇2：challenge（核心含义：挑战） • 名词（n.）：challenge 挑战 • 动词（v.）：challenge 向……挑战；考验 • 形容词（adj.）：challenging 具有挑战性的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. Facing difficulties bravely is the key to overcoming any ______ (challenge). 2. The difficult task ______ (challenge) our ability to work as a team. 3. She found the journey through the desert ______ (challenge) but extremely rewarding. 4. Don’t be afraid to take on new ______ (challenge) — they help you grow. 重点词汇3：achieve（核心含义：实现；达成） • 动词（v.）：achieve 实现；达成 • 名词（n.）：achievement 成就；成绩 • 形容词（adj.）：achievable 可实现的 单句语法填空（4题） 1. Through years of hard work, he finally ______ (achieve) his dream of becoming a scientist. 2. Her great ______ (achieve) in the field of medicine have inspired many young researchers. 3. Setting small, ______ (achieve) goals can help you build confidence step by step. 4. It is not easy to ______ (achieve) success without perseverance and effort. 题型四：单句语法填空 1. The athlete pushed himself to the limit, ______ (determine) to win the championship. 2. We should set a limit ______ the time we spend on social media every day. 3. ______ (inspire) by her story of overcoming difficulties, many students decided to work harder. 4. He succeeded in breaking through the limits ______ (set) by his previous failures. 5. In spite ______ the heavy rain, the hikers continued their journey to the mountain top. 6. The scientist devoted his life to ______ (pursue) the truth about the universe. 7. She is such a determined person that she never gives ______ even when facing great challenges. 8. ______ (push) oneself too hard for a long time may lead to physical and mental exhaustion. 9. The project is within ______ (limit) of our budget, so we can start it next month. 10. He rose ______ the occasion and solved the problem that had confused everyone else. 11. The ______ (challenge) task didn’t discourage him; instead, it motivated him to try harder. 12. We need to keep up ______ the rapid development of technology to avoid being left behind. 13. ______ (have) failed many times, he still believed that he could achieve his goal. 14. The teacher encouraged us ______ (strive) for excellence in everything we do. 15. There is no limit ______ what a person can achieve if he or she works hard enough. 16. ______ (face) with so many difficulties, they didn’t lose heart and kept moving forward. 17. He took ______ the responsibility of organizing the event and did a great job. 18. The ______ (inspire) speech made everyone in the audience full of confidence. 19. She spent three years ______ (train) for the competition and finally won the gold medal. 20. ______ we set clear goals, we can better focus our efforts and avoid wasting time. 21. The team’s success was due to their ______ (unite) and perseverance in the face of hardships. 22. He is more ______ (determine) than anyone else I know, which is why he always achieves his goals. 23. ______ (not realize) the importance of time management, many students often procrastinate. 24. We should learn to balance work and rest, as working without ______ (limit) is not sustainable. 25. The doctor advised him to take on ______ (little) pressure and get more rest. 26. ______ (overcome) fear is the first step to achieving anything meaningful in life. 27. She has a strong desire ______ (prove) that women can do whatever men can do. 28. In order ______ (go) beyond limits, we need to constantly learn and improve ourselves. 29. The ______ (excite) news that our team won the game spread quickly across the school. 30. He didn’t give up his dream ______ though he encountered countless obstacles. 31. ______ (spend) too much time on entertainment will affect our study and work. 32. The company is trying to expand its business ______ (without) limit, which may bring risks. 33. We are proud ______ our classmates who have made great achievements in various fields. 34. ______ (motivate) by the desire to succeed, he worked day and night to finish the project. 35. The task is challenging, but it is ______ (within) our ability to complete it on time. 36. He advised us to set realistic goals instead of ______ (aim) too high all at once. 37. ______ (know) that time is limited, we should make every minute count. 38. She is always willing to take ______ new challenges and learn from her experiences. 39. The ______ (disappoint) result didn’t make him give up; he decided to try again. 40. ______ we work together, we can overcome any difficulty and achieve our common goals. 题型五：单词拼写 1. We should never give up when facing difficulties and always try to ______ (突破) our own limits. 2. Her ______ (决心) to succeed helped her overcome all the challenges in her study. 3. The scientist spent years doing experiments in ______ (追求) of the truth. 4. It’s important to set realistic goals and work hard to ______ (实现) them. 5. He has a strong ______ (渴望) for knowledge and reads books every day. 6. Despite the bad weather, the climbers ______ (坚持) on reaching the top of the mountain. 7. The athlete ______ (训练) hard every day to prepare for the upcoming competition. 8. His ______ (勇气) to face failure inspired many young people around him. 9. We need to ______ (调整) our plans according to the changing situation. 10. She showed great ______ (毅力) and finally finished the marathon. 11. The team ______ (合作) closely and achieved remarkable results in the project. 12. His ______ (成就) in the field of technology have won him worldwide praise. 13. We should ______ (珍惜) the opportunities given to us and make full use of them. 14. The little boy has a ______ (潜力) to become a great musician in the future. 15. ______ (尽管) the heavy workload, she still managed to balance work and life. 题型六：完成句子 1. In spite of the great difficulties, she never gave up and finally ____________ (突破了自己的极限). (break through one’s limits) 2. He ____________ (把自己推向极限) to finish the marathon, even though his legs were painful. (push oneself to the limit) 3. The scientist devotes his life to ____________ (追求真理), never afraid of failure. (in pursuit of) 4. ____________ (尽管天气恶劣), the climbers continued their journey to the top of the mountain. (in spite of) 5. We should ____________ (为梦想奋斗) and never let anything stop us. (strive for) 6. The young athlete ____________ (承担了巨大的压力) but rose to the occasion successfully. (take on) 7. ____________ (在合理范围内), we can try new things to discover our potential. (within limits) 8. The team worked day and night, ____________ (克服了一个又一个挑战) to complete the project ahead of schedule. (overcome challenges) 9. She decided to ____________ (超越极限) and learn a new language at the age of 50. (go beyond limits) 10. ____________ (为了实现他的目标), he spends two hours practicing every day. (achieve one’s goals) 题型一：语篇语法填空 (24-25高二上·上海交大附中分校联考·期中) Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. When the Going Gets Rough Does change frighten you? There are many ways 1 (handle) the little surprises life throws at us. Stuff happens. There’s nothing we can do to change that. But the problem is that our bodies and brains are programmed to be suspicious of change — to be anxious about it. After all, change means uncertainty and in our evolutionary past, that 2 (mean) a greater risk of meeting up with a hungry lion or annoyed elephant. Therefore, when you are uncertain, the brain releases stress hormones, the fight-or-flight chemicals 3 , when we lived on the savannah, helped our ancestors avoid these hungry lions of face them down. The problem is that the uncertainties we 4 (face) with today aren’t generally as life-or-death, and don’t usually resolve to a quick getaway. So we have to deal with those excess stress hormones in a different way, which is where mindfulness can really help. Here are some top tips for dealing with change so the next time something new and challenging arises, you’ll know exactly what to do. Control What You Can Even in the most difficult of situations, there are some things that you can control. Make a list of these things, 5 small they seem, and then start doing them. You will find that ticking them off the list will make the less controllable problems appear far 6 (manageable).Opportunity, Not Disaster Suppose you don’t get the grades you need for university, or you don’t get your dream job. One natural response is to see it as a disaster and that your life is over. This will achieve nothing and make you miserable. 7 is to see it as an opportunity to do something else entirely: go travelling, apply for an apprenticeship, etc. Studies have shown that people who train themselves to think of change 8 an opportunity cope with it much better. Time it Uncertainty, 9 change itself, is the biggest cause of stress. One way of coping with it is to work out how long the uncertainty will last for. 10 (know) when things will change for the better gives your mind an end point that allows it to cope with the uncertain present. 题型二：应用文写作 (24-25高二上·上海同济大学二附中·期中) 1．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高中生张华，在本期学校英语报的“TROUBLESHOOTER (排忧解难)”专栏读到James的来信(内容如下)。你通过该专栏给James写一封回信，提供建议，帮助他改变父母的看法，你的回信须包括： (1)你的建议； (2)你的理由。 TroubleshooterI’ve been feeling quite frustrated lately because my parents don’t support me in participating in volunteer activities. They believe that my time should be fully dedicated to studying and preparing for college entrance exams. How can I change their mind? —James ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $