Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元基础知识全方位精练(Section A) （单词、短语、语法、句型）英语人教版2024八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元基础知识全方位精练 (Section A) 【重点单词练习】 1、 根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. The green and brown parts are (陆地). 2. People often give (玫瑰) to express their love on Valentine’s Day. 3. The panda lives in Sichuan and eat (竹子). 4. Cao Chong said that he had an idea to (称……的重量) the elephant. 5. Hanfu is (流行的) among Chinese young people now. 6. Even if you don’t agree, you should at least have the (美德) to be polite! 7. Don’t (相信) completely what the newspaper says.【答案】believe 8. A smile (出现) on her face when she saw the gift. 9. (实际上), he is only 10 years old, but he is 1.6 meters tall. 10. Can you (射击) that bird at the top of the tree? 11. My father always keeps a set of  (工具) in the back of his car. 12. The bird can’t fly because there’s something wrong with its two (翅膀). 2、 重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. amaze / amazing / amazed / amazement (1) I was to learn she was still writing her stories. (2) Just the size of the place her. She didn’t see a place like this. (3) To her , the lost wallet was returned with all the money still inside. (4) The view from the top of the mountain is . 2. popular / popularly / popularity (1) “AI self-study rooms” are gaining(获得) great in China. (2) How can I become among my classmates? (3) The technique(技艺) first began showing up in art around the 14th century. 3. appear / appearance / disappear / disappearance (1) Bianzhong first in the Shang Dynasty when 3 to 5 bells were put together to make music. (2) Because of pollution and overfishing, the Yangtze River was in great danger. For example, the Chinese paddlefish (中华白鲟) 2 years ago. (3) Andean bears mainly live in South America. They can be easily recognized (认出) because of their . (4) Police are investigating(调查) the of a young woman. 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He (shoot) at the “bear”, but then he found it was only a picture. 2．The of the movie Ne Zha 2 has quickly spread across the world. (popular) 3．Ann cared a lot about her (appear) and spent a long time getting dressed in the morning. 4．The plane safely at the airport. (land) 5．I am your new teacher. You can feel free (ask) me questions about English learning. 6．In spring, you can see many (butterfly) dancing gracefully among the blooming (盛开的) flowers. 7．The big bell on the old tower (weigh) about 3,000 kilograms. 8．Because of eating too much meat, his (weigh) has increased to 100 kilograms. 9．The music show is so (amaze) that all the people in the hall stand up and clap for the players. 10．The (fold) table can be easily stored when not in use. 11．We (buy) some fresh vegetables at the market yesterday morning. 12．We Chinese people always use chopsticks (eat) noodles. 13．My brother is interested robots. He wants to know more about them. 14．—What do people usually use bamboo here? —Many tools and instruments. 15．Sharing our joy w other people can bring us more joy. 16．There must be over a (thousand) people in the square. (Thousand) of lights lit up the night sky. 4、 一词多义(写出词汇在下列句子中的中文意思) 1. shoot (1) The same goes for different kinds of leafy green vegetables, such as Chinese cabbage and pea shoots. (2) They are shooting a new movie in the city. (3) He shot the ball into the basket (4) One after another, Hou Yi shot down nine suns.  (5) A plane shot across the sky. (6) Ticket prices shot up last year. 2. up to (1) Shall we eat out or stay in? It's up to you. (2) I can take up to four people in my car. (3) He's not up to the job. (4) Why did you need a room unless you were up to something? (5) I’m still young because we sharks can usually live up to about 70 years old. (6) Lots of teenagers hope to get into good schools and live up to expectations from parents.  3. weigh (1) The boy weighs 55 kilos. (2) She weighed the stone in her hand. (3) Mr. Brown though twice and weighed his words. (4) The separation(分离) weighed on both of them. (5) They weighed different opinions before making the decision. 五、单项填空 1．—________ is the weight of the little cat?         —It ________ only 150 grams. A．How much; weigh B．How heavy; weigh C．What; weighs D．How many; weighs 2．Our shop sold 306 computers in June. In July, the number ________ to 512 and then ________ to 435 in August. A．rise; fall B．rose; fall C．rise; fell D．rose; fell 3．In the digital age, online shopping has become extremely ________. A．popular B．direct C．traditional D．natural 4．—When will you leave for Beijing? —It’s___________ the weather. A．up to B．interested in C．close to D．good at 5．—Would you like to have some coffee, Jack? —________ I don’t like it, but I will try a little this time. A．Probably B．Finally C．Especially D．Actually 6．—Be careful! Never let such a spelling mistake ________ again in the coming test. —OK, I will. A．appear B．spare C．land D．sense 7．The environment here is better now because ________ of the land ________ covered with plants. A．three fourth; is B．three fourths; is C．three fourths; are D．three fourth; are 8．Everything seems ________ getting faster now. A．be B．is C．being D．to be 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 折扇 2. 最受欢迎的主题之一 3. 美德的象征 4. 在中国文化里 5. 制作工具和仪器 6. 竹笋 7. 导游 8. 和某人分享某物 9. 可以随便做某事 10. 在世界上，在人间 11. 接近，直到 12. 成千上万的 13. 散步 14. 给他们内心带来快乐 2、 补全句子或翻译句子 1. 如今，共享汽车变得越来越受欢迎。 Nowadays, shared cars . 2. 如果您有任何问题，随时向我提问。 If you have any questions, anytime. 3. 中国人喜欢银杏树，因为它是希望和长寿的象征。 Chinese people love the ginkgo, . 4．这个教室里最多可以容纳50名学生。(up to) 5．晚饭后和我去散步怎么样? (How about) 【重点语法练习】 形容词和副词的最高级 一、单项填空 1. I think July is ________ month of the year in Beijing. A．hot B．hotter C．the hottest D．hottest 2. Among all the basketball players in the team, Peter is ________ one. A．talented B．more talented C．most talented D．the most talented 3. —The film Nobody is ________ excellent one. What do you think of it?   —It’s one of ________ most meaningful films this year. A．a; the B．an; a C．the; the D．an; the 4. —Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest city; any other B．the biggest cities; any other C．the biggest city; the other D．the biggest cities; the other 5. Canada is ________ country in the world by area after Russia. A．second largest B．the second large C．the second larger D．the second largest 6. Shanghai isn’t so large ________ Nanjing. However, it’s the second ________ city in population in China. A．as, largest B．like, largest C．as, larger D．as, large 7. Lily is a(n) ________ student. She answers the teachers’ questions ________ in her class. A．active; more actively B．more actively; more active C．more active; the most actively D．active; the most actively 8. —Did Kate listen to the teacher in every class? —Yes, actually, of all the students, she listened _________ . A．the most careful B．more careful C．the most carefully D．more carefully 9. Tom won the first prize in this competition because he worked ________ among us. A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 10. —Which subject do you like ______, math, Chinese or English?     —Of course English. A．well B．better C．best D．good 11. Are you sure he practiced ________ times as the other members? He dances worse than ________ in the team. A．as many; any other member B．as much; any member C．more; any of the other members D．more; all the members 12. —How do you like the song Chengdu sung by Zhao Lei? —Oh, I have never enjoyed a ________ one before. It always makes me smile. A．success B．best C．worst D．better 13. —How was your trip to Japan? —Oh, ________. I don’t even want to talk about it. A．wonderful B．it couldn’t be worse C．wait a moment D．it couldn’t be better 14. —Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim? —Tom. He won the first place. A．high B．higher C．the higher D．highest 二、用所给词的适当形式填空，使得语法正确，句意通顺 1. Yunnan has ________ (large) population of ethnic minorities (少数民族) in southwest China. 2. I think traveling by train is the second ________ (comfortable)and far ________(enjoyable) than a rushed trip by air. 3. I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ (high)than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________(beautiful)of all. C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 4. This is the (bad) film I have ever seen. It is just a waste of time to watch it. 5. George is the (care) one of these kids. He always makes the same mistakes. 6. China is one of the oldest (country) in the world. We are all proud of it. 7. The Green Lake Park is one of the (beautiful) parks in Kunming. 8. Based on the survey, texting is the (two)most popular way among teenagers. 9. From the chart, we can learn that texting is the second (popular)way to communicate. 10. Jim runs than Tony, but Frank runs of them. (fast) 11. Of all the students in my class, he writes (careful). 12. Which activity do the students like (many), playing basketball, singing or dancing? 13. —Who does homework (carefully), Joan, Tom or Bob? —Joan. She is (careful) than Tom and Bob. 14. —Who can jump the (far) in your class, Sandy, Lucy or Kate? —Sandy. 三、按要求完成句子或翻译句子 1. Betty is slimmer than any other girl in her class. (改为同义句) Betty is in her class. 2. Nothing is more important than health. (改为同义句) Health is of all. 3. 徐霞客是中国历史上最伟大的旅行家。(traveller) 4. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。 5. 京剧是中国最受欢迎的传统表演形式之一。 Peking Opera is traditional forms of performance in China. 6. 在所有学生中，谁分享的想法最少？ 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1．—Mother’s Day is coming. Shall we make a big dinner for Mum? —Good idea! But please give me some guidance (指导), ________ I don’t know how to cook. A．though B．but C．as D．while 2．In Beijing, some 24-hour libraries are very popular with people ________ they are open all the time and in good places with big spaces and other good things. A．even if B．unless C．as D．or 3．—Ruby, do you know ________ fish can only live in the water? —Yes, because there are lots of cats on the ground. A．why B．how C．whether D．what 4．—Do you know ________ our Chinese teacher often goes to work on foot? —Of course. To get more exercise. A．how B．where C．why D．when 5．I believe ________ David will come to help me. A．which B．that C．when D．if 6．—Do you believe ________ man can live on Mars in the future? —It’s hard to say. I am not sure ________ we can grow plants on Mars. A．if; that B．whether; if C．that; that D．that; whether 7．I started taking drawing lessons at the Children’s Palace ________ I was a little boy. A．until B．when C．before D．after 8．David is a tennis player. He ________ to play tennis when he was six years old. A．begin B．begins C．began D．begun 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1. 我在那里时，学到了很多有趣的东西。 · 回译：I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. · 解析：此句中when引导了一个过去时态的时间状语从句，主句也用相应的过去的时态。 · 仿写：他小的时候足球踢得很好。 2. 中国人钟爱银杏，因为它象征着希望和长寿。 · 回译：Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. · 解析：此句中as表示“因为”，引导一个原因状语从句。 · 仿写：如今，博物馆越来越受欢迎，因为人们想更多地了解文化和历史。 3. 你能告诉我为什么中国人如此喜欢竹子吗？ · 回译：Can you tell me why the Chinese people like bamboo so much ? · 解析：此句中why引导一个宾语从句充当tell后的之间宾语。why是连接副词，连接从句时在从句中充当状语成分。 · 仿写：你能告诉我你为什么如此喜欢蝴蝶吗？ 4. 人们相信明亮的黄色叶子能给他们的内心带来快乐。 · 回译：People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. · 解析：believe可以表示“相信，认为...有可能”。此句中believe后跟了一个宾语从句，从句的连接词是that。在宾语从句中，that引导宾语从句时没有意义，也不充当成分，故一般情况可以省略。 · 仿写：我们都相信有一天我们能去月球旅行。 ( 第 1 页 共 15 页 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元基础知识全方位精练 (Section A) 【重点单词练习】 1、 根据中文或首字母提示填写单词 1. The green and brown parts are (陆地). 【答案】land 2. People often give (玫瑰) to express their love on Valentine’s Day. 【答案】roses 3. The panda lives in Sichuan and eat (竹子). 【答案】bamboo 4. Cao Chong said that he had an idea to (称……的重量) the elephant. 【答案】(w)eigh 5. Hanfu is (流行的) among Chinese young people now. 【答案】popular 6. Even if you don’t agree, you should at least have the (美德) to be polite! 【答案】goodness 7. Don’t (相信) completely what the newspaper says. 【答案】believe 8. A smile (出现) on her face when she saw the gift. 【答案】appeared 9. (实际上), he is only 10 years old, but he is 1.6 meters tall. 【答案】Actually 10. Can you (射击) that bird at the top of the tree? 【答案】shoot 11. My father always keeps a set of  (工具) in the back of his car. 【答案】tools 12. The bird can’t fly because there’s something wrong with its two (翅膀). 【答案】wings 2、 重点词汇变形(根据构词法猜测单词词性和词意，并选词填空) 1. amaze / amazing / amazed / amazement (1) I was amazed to learn she was still writing her stories. (2) Just the size of the place amazed her. She didn’t see a place like this. (3) To her amazement, the lost wallet was returned with all the money still inside. (4) The view from the top of the mountain is amazing. 2. popular / popularly / popularity (1) “AI self-study rooms” are gaining(获得) great popularity in China. (2) How can I become popular among my classmates? (3) The technique(技艺) first began popularly showing up in art around the 14th century. 3. appear / appearance / disappear / disappearance (1) Bianzhong first appeared in the Shang Dynasty when 3 to 5 bells were put together to make music. (2) Because of pollution and overfishing, the Yangtze River was in great danger. For example, the Chinese paddlefish (中华白鲟) disappeared 2 years ago. (3) Andean bears mainly live in South America. They can be easily recognized (认出) because of their appearance. (4) Police are investigating(调查) the disappearance of a young woman. 3、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He (shoot) at the “bear”, but then he found it was only a picture. 【答案】shot 2．The of the movie Ne Zha 2 has quickly spread across the world. (popular) 【答案】popularity 3．Ann cared a lot about her (appear) and spent a long time getting dressed in the morning. 【答案】appearance 4．The plane safely at the airport. (land) 【答案】landed 5．I am your new teacher. You can feel free (ask) me questions about English learning. 【答案】to ask 6．In spring, you can see many (butterfly) dancing gracefully among the blooming (盛开的) flowers. 【答案】butterflies 7．The big bell on the old tower (weigh) about 3,000 kilograms. 【答案】weighs 8．Because of eating too much meat, his (weigh) has increased to 100 kilograms. 【答案】weight 9．The music show is so (amaze) that all the people in the hall stand up and clap for the players. 【答案】amazing 10．The (fold) table can be easily stored when not in use. 【答案】folding 11．We (buy) some fresh vegetables at the market yesterday morning. 【答案】bought 12．We Chinese people always use chopsticks (eat) noodles. 【答案】to eat 13．My brother is interested robots. He wants to know more about them. 【答案】in 14．—What do people usually use bamboo here? —Many tools and instruments. 【答案】for 15．Sharing our joy w other people can bring us more joy. 【答案】with 16．There must be over a (thousand) people in the square. (Thousand) of lights lit up the night sky. 【答案】 thousand Thousands 4、 一词多义(写出词汇在下列句子中的中文意思) 1. shoot (1) The same goes for different kinds of leafy green vegetables, such as Chinese cabbage and pea shoots. (n.)幼苗 (2) They are shooting a new movie in the city. (v.)拍摄 (3) He shot the ball into the basket (v.)投，抛 (4) One after another, Hou Yi shot down nine suns.  (v.)射击 (5) A plane shot across the sky. (v.)（使朝某方向）冲，奔，扑，射，飞驰 (6) Ticket prices shot up last year. 快速上升 2. up to (1) Shall we eat out or stay in? It's up to you. be up to sb 是…的职责（或责任）；由…决定 (2) I can take up to four people in my car. 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有 (3) He's not up to the job. （体力或智力上）能胜任 (4) Why did you need a room unless you were up to something? 搞小动作;做手脚 (5) I’m still young because we sharks can usually live up to about 70 years old. live up to 活到 (6) Lots of teenagers hope to get into good schools and live up to expectations from parents.  live up to不辜负 3. weigh (1) The boy weighs 55 kilos. (v.)有…重；重 (2) She weighed the stone in her hand. (v.)称重量 (3) Mr. Brown though twice and weighed his words. weigh one’s words 推敲；斟酌字句 (4) The separation(分离) weighed on both of them. weigh on使烦恼;使忧虑 (5) They weighed different opinions before making the decision. (v.) 权衡;认真考虑 五、单项填空 1．—________ is the weight of the little cat?         —It ________ only 150 grams. A．How much; weigh B．How heavy; weigh C．What; weighs D．How many; weighs 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这只小猫的重量是多少？——它只有150克重。 考查疑问词辨析和动词时态。How much多少，接不可数名词，或询问价格、重量；How heavy多重，询问重量；What什么；How many多少；weigh称重，动词原形；weighs称重，动词第三人称单数形式。根据“the weight of the little cat”可知，第一空需用What构成句式“What is the weight of…?”；第二空主语It是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式weighs，符合语境。故选C。 2．Our shop sold 306 computers in June. In July, the number ________ to 512 and then ________ to 435 in August. A．rise; fall B．rose; fall C．rise; fell D．rose; fell 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们商店六月份卖出了306台电脑。七月份，销量上升到了512台，然后八月份又下降到了435台。   考查动词时态。根据“in June”“in July”“in August” 可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以谓语动词要用过去式。“rise” 的过去式是 “rose”，“fall” 的过去式是 “fell”。故选D。 3．In the digital age, online shopping has become extremely ________. A．popular B．direct C．traditional D．natural 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在数字时代，网上购物变得非常流行。 考查形容词辨析。popular流行的；direct直率的；traditional传统的；natural自然的。根据“In the digital age”可推知，此处表示在数字时代，网上购物变得非常流行。故选A。 4．—When will you leave for Beijing? —It’s___________ the weather. A．up to B．interested in C．close to D．good at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你什么时候动身去北京？——这要由天气决定。up to 由…决定、取决于；interested in对…感兴趣；close to接近于；good at擅长…。结合句意判断，答案选A。 5．—Would you like to have some coffee, Jack? —________ I don’t like it, but I will try a little this time. A．Probably B．Finally C．Especially D．Actually 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想喝杯咖啡吗，杰克？——实际上我不喜欢，但这次我会尝试一下。 考查副词辨析。Probably大概；Finally最终；Especially尤其；Actually实际上。根据“but I will try a little this time”可知，实际上杰克不喜欢喝咖啡。故选C。 6．—Be careful! Never let such a spelling mistake ________ again in the coming test. —OK, I will. A．appear B．spare C．land D．sense 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小心点！在即将到来的考试中，决不能让这样的拼写错误再次出现。 考查动词辨析。appear出现；spare抽出；land降落；sense感觉到。根据“Never let such a spelling mistake … again in the coming test.”可知，在即将到来的考试中决不能让这样的拼写错误再次出现。故选A。 7．The environment here is better now because ________ of the land ________ covered with plants. A．three fourth; is B．three fourths; is C．three fourths; are D．three fourth; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里的环境现在更好了，因为四分之三的土地都被植物覆盖了。 考查分数表达和主谓一致。分数的表达方式为“基数词+序数词”，基数词是分子，序数词是分母，分子大于1时，分母用复数，故 “四分之三” 表达为three fourths；“分数 + of + 名词” 作主语时，谓语动词与名词一致，land为不可数名词，谓语用单数is。故选B。 8．Everything seems ________ getting faster now. A．be B．is C．being D．to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：现在一切似乎都变快了。 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.意为“似乎要做某事”，固定词组。故选D。 【重点短语练习】 1、 短语英汉互译 1. 折扇 folding fan 2. 最受欢迎的主题之一 one of the most popular subjects 3. 美德的象征 a symbol of goodness 4. 在中国文化里 in Chinese culture 5. 制作工具和仪器 make tools and instruments 6. 竹笋 bamboo shoots 7. 导游 tour guide 8. 和某人分享某物 share sth. with sb. 9. 可以随便做某事 feel free (to do sth.) 10. 在世界上，在人间 on earth 11. 接近，直到 up to 12. 成千上万的 thousands of 13. 散步 take a walk 14. 给他们内心带来快乐 bring joy to their heart 2、 补全句子或翻译句子 1. 如今，共享汽车变得越来越受欢迎。 Nowadays, shared cars . 【答案】are becoming more and more popular 2. 如果您有任何问题，随时向我提问。 If you have any questions, anytime. 【答案】feel free to ask me 3. 中国人喜欢银杏树，因为它是希望和长寿的象征。 Chinese people love the ginkgo, . 【答案】as it is a symbol of hope and long life 4．这个教室里最多可以容纳50名学生。(up to) 【答案】The classroom can hold up to 50 students. 5．晚饭后和我去散步怎么样? (How about) 【答案】How about taking a walk/going for a walk with me after supper? 【重点语法练习】 形容词和副词的最高级 一、单项填空 1. I think July is ________ month of the year in Beijing. A．hot B．hotter C．the hottest D．hottest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为七月是北京一年中最热的月份。 考查形容词最高级。hot热的；hotter更热的；the hottest最热的；hottest最热的。根据“of the year in Beijing”表示比较范围可知，此处含有最高级的含义，用最高级形式，形容词最高级前需要加定冠词the，C项正确。故选C。 2. Among all the basketball players in the team, Peter is ________ one. A．talented B．more talented C．most talented D．the most talented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在球队的所有篮球队员中，彼得是最有天赋的那一个。 考查形容词用法。talented有天赋的，形容词原级；more talented比较级；most talented最高级；the most talented最高级。根据“Among all the basketball players in the team”可知，此处强调彼得在所有篮球队员中的表现，比较对象大于三者，用形容词最高级“most talented”表达，且其前应加定冠词the。故选D。 3. —The film Nobody is ________ excellent one. What do you think of it?   —It’s one of ________ most meaningful films this year. A．a; the B．an; a C．the; the D．an; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——电影《Nodody》是一部优秀的电影。你觉得怎么样？——这是今年最有意义的电影之一。 考查冠词。第一个空泛指“一部优秀的电影”，excellent以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an；固定搭配“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”，因此第二空用the。故选D。 4. —Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China. A．the biggest city; any other B．the biggest cities; any other C．the biggest city; the other D．the biggest cities; the other 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国任何其他城市都大。 考查one of句型及形容词比较级。the biggest city最大的城市；any other其他任何；the biggest cities最大的城市；the other另一个。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“……中最……之一”，第一空用the biggest cities；“any other+可数名词单数”表示“任何其他的……”，用于同一范围内的比较，上海属于中国，所以用any other。故选B。 5. Canada is ________ country in the world by area after Russia. A．second largest B．the second large C．the second larger D．the second largest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：加拿大是世界上面积第二大的国家，仅次于俄罗斯。 考查形容词最高级。second largest第二大的；the second large错误表达；the second larger错误表达；the second largest第二大的。序数词+形容词最高级表示“第几最……”，序数词前要加定冠词the。故选D。 6. Shanghai isn’t so large ________ Nanjing. However, it’s the second ________ city in population in China. A．as, largest B．like, largest C．as, larger D．as, large 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上海没有南京大。然而，它是中国人口第二大城市。 考查固定搭配和形容词最高级。as正如；like像；largest最大的（最高级）；larger更大的（比较级）。根据“Shanghai isn’t so large...Nanjing.”可知，此处应用“not so...as”结构，表示“不如……”；根据“it’s the second...city in population in China”可知，此处应用“序数词+最高级”结构。故选A。 7. Lily is a(n) ________ student. She answers the teachers’ questions ________ in her class. A．active; more actively B．more actively; more active C．more active; the most actively D．active; the most actively 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Lily是一个积极的学生。她在课堂上最积极地回答老师的问题。 考查比较级和最高级。active积极的，形容词；more active更积极的，形容词比较级；more actively更积极地，副词比较级；the most actively最积极地，副词最高级。第一空是描述Lily是一个积极的学生，没有比较含义，用形容词原级；第二空根据“in her class”可知，三者之间的比较用最高级。D选项符合题意，故选D。 8. —Did Kate listen to the teacher in every class? —Yes, actually, of all the students, she listened _________ . A．the most careful B．more careful C．the most carefully D．more carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意： ——凯特每节课都认真听讲吗？——是的，事实上，她是所有学生中听得最认真的。 考查副词最高级。根据“of all the students”可知是比较范围是所有学生，需要最高级，且修饰动词用副词，空处需用最高级the most carefully。故选C。 9. Tom won the first prize in this competition because he worked ________ among us. A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆在这次比赛中获得了一等奖，因为他是我们中工作最努力的。    考查副词最高级。hard努力地；hardly几乎不；harder更努力地；hardest最努力地。根据“among us”可知，此处表示“在我们中是最努力的”，需用最高级形式。故选D。 10. —Which subject do you like ______, math, Chinese or English?     —Of course English. A．well B．better C．best D．good 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——数学、语文和英语，你最喜欢哪门学科？——当然是英语。 考查副词最高级。well好地，副词原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；good好的，形容词原级。根据“math, Chinese or English”可知，三者比较应使用最高级，且此处修饰动词like，应用副词best。故选C。 11. Are you sure he practiced ________ times as the other members? He dances worse than ________ in the team. A．as many; any other member B．as much; any member C．more; any of the other members D．more; all the members 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你确定他练习的次数和其他成员一样多吗？他跳舞比队里其他人都差。 考查原级和“副词比较级+than any other+名词单数”的用法。“times”（次数）是可数名词，可排除B项，much修饰不可数名词；根据“…times as the other members”可知，此处为原级比较，可排除C项和D项，根据第二个空后的“in the team”可知，当比较对象是同一团队时，需排除自己，以避免逻辑错误，第二个空用any other member。故选A。 12. —How do you like the song Chengdu sung by Zhao Lei? —Oh, I have never enjoyed a ________ one before. It always makes me smile. A．success B．best C．worst D．better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得赵雷唱的《成都》这首歌怎么样？——哦，我以前从来没有欣赏过一首更好的歌。它总是让我微笑。 考查比较级用法。success成功；best最好的；worst最差的；better更好的。“never + 比较级”是英语中表“最高级含义”的常用结构，意为“从来没有更……的了”（即“最……”），此处需用形容词比较级，且句中“a”后需接形容词修饰名词“one”，排除名词和最高级；根据“It always makes me smile”可知，没有比这首歌更好的了。故选D。 13. —How was your trip to Japan? —Oh, ________. I don’t even want to talk about it. A．wonderful B．it couldn’t be worse C．wait a moment D．it couldn’t be better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你去日本的旅行怎样？——太糟糕了。我甚至都不想讨论它。 考查情景交际。wonderful棒极了的；it couldn’t be worse不能更糟糕了，特别不好；wait a moment等一下；it couldn’t be better再好不过了，特别好。根据“I don’t even want to talk about it.”可知，此处表示旅行体验不好以至于都不想谈及。故选B。 14. —Who jumps ________ in the high jump, Sam, Tom or Jim? —Tom. He won the first place. A．high B．higher C．the higher D．highest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在跳高比赛中谁跳得最高，萨姆、汤姆或者吉姆？——汤姆。他赢得了第一名。 考查副词最高级。high高；higher更高；highest最高。根据“Sam, Tom or Jim”可知，是三者之间的比较，要用最高级。故选D。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空，使得语法正确，句意通顺 1. Yunnan has ________ (large) population of ethnic minorities (少数民族) in southwest China. 【答案】the largest 2. I think traveling by train is the second ________ (comfortable)and far ________(enjoyable) than a rushed trip by air. 【答案】most comfortable, more enjoyable 3. I think Mount Taishan is not only ________ (high)than the other mountains in Shandong, but also ________(beautiful)of all. C．high; the most beautiful D．higher; more beautiful 【答案】higher; the most beautiful 4. This is the (bad) film I have ever seen. It is just a waste of time to watch it. 【答案】worst 5. George is the (care) one of these kids. He always makes the same mistakes. 【答案】most careless 6. China is one of the oldest (country) in the world. We are all proud of it. 【答案】countries 7. The Green Lake Park is one of the (beautiful) parks in Kunming. 【答案】most beautiful 8. Based on the survey, texting is the (two)most popular way among teenagers. 【答案】second 9. From the chart, we can learn that texting is the second (popular)way to communicate. 【答案】most popular 10. Jim runs than Tony, but Frank runs of them. (fast) 【答案】 faster fastest 11. Of all the students in my class, he writes (careful). 【答案】most carefully/the most carefully 12. Which activity do the students like (many), playing basketball, singing or dancing? 【答案】most 13. —Who does homework (carefully), Joan, Tom or Bob? —Joan. She is (careful) than Tom and Bob. 【答案】 the most carefully/most carefully more careful 14. —Who can jump the (far) in your class, Sandy, Lucy or Kate? —Sandy. 【答案】farthest/furthest 三、按要求完成句子或翻译句子 1. Betty is slimmer than any other girl in her class. (改为同义句) Betty is in her class. 【答案】 the slimmest girl 2. Nothing is more important than health. (改为同义句) Health is of all. 【答案】 the most important 3. 徐霞客是中国历史上最伟大的旅行家。(traveller) 【答案】Xu Xiake is the greatest traveller in Chinese history. 4. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。 【答案】Beijing is one of the largest/biggest cities in China. 5. 京剧是中国最受欢迎的传统表演形式之一。 Peking Opera is traditional forms of performance in China. 【答案】one of the most popular 6. 在所有学生中，谁分享的想法最少？ 【答案】Who shared the fewest ideas among all the students? 【重点句型练习】 一、单项填空 1．—Mother’s Day is coming. Shall we make a big dinner for Mum? —Good idea! But please give me some guidance (指导), ________ I don’t know how to cook. A．though B．but C．as D．while 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——母亲节快到了。我们为妈妈做一顿丰盛的晚餐好吗？——好主意！但是请给我一些指导，因为我不知道怎样烹饪。 考查连词辨析。though尽管；but但是；as因为；while当……时。“I don’t know how to cook.”是“But please give me some guidance”的原因，用as引导原因状语从句。故选C。 2．In Beijing, some 24-hour libraries are very popular with people ________ they are open all the time and in good places with big spaces and other good things. A．even if B．unless C．as D．or 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在北京，一些24小时开放的图书馆很受人们的欢迎，因为它们一直开放，而且处在有大空间和其他好东西的好地方。 考查连词辨析。even if即使，尽管；unless除非；as因为；or或者。根据“In Beijing, some 24-hour libraries are very popular with people...they are open all the time and in good places with big spaces and other good things.”可知，空格前后句为因果关系，前果后因，故此处应用as引导原因状语从句。故选C。 3．—Ruby, do you know ________ fish can only live in the water? —Yes, because there are lots of cats on the ground. A．why B．how C．whether D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——鲁比，你知道为什么鱼只能生活在水里吗？——知道，因为地上有很多猫。 考查宾语从句。why为什么；how怎样；whether是否；what什么。根据答语“because there are lots of cats on the ground”可知，此处询问原因，why符合。故选A。 4．—Do you know ________ our Chinese teacher often goes to work on foot? —Of course. To get more exercise. A．how B．where C．why D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道为什么我们的语文老师经常步行上班吗？——当然。为了多锻炼。 考查宾语从句的引导词。how如何；where哪里；why为什么；when什么时候。根据“our Chinese teacher often goes to work on foot?”以及“To get more exercise.”可知此处询问是为什么步行上班，用why引导宾语从句。故选C。 5．I believe ________ David will come to help me. A．which B．that C．when D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我相信大卫会来帮助我的。 考查宾语从句。which哪个；that引导宾语从句，无意义，可省略；when什么时候；if是否。根据句意可知，本题考查动词后接一个表述事实的陈述句，由that作为引导词，that可省略。故选B。 6．—Do you believe ________ man can live on Mars in the future? —It’s hard to say. I am not sure ________ we can grow plants on Mars. A．if; that B．whether; if C．that; that D．that; whether 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你认为人类将来能在火星上生活吗？——很难说。我不确定我们是否能在火星上种植植物。 考查宾语从句引导词。 根据“Do you believe...man can live on Mars in the future?”可知，believe 表示“相信”，当后接一个陈述性从句时，常用that引导宾语从句，故第一空填that；not sure表示“不确定”，常用if或whether引导宾语从句。故选D。 7．I started taking drawing lessons at the Children’s Palace ________ I was a little boy. A．until B．when C．before D．after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我开始在少年宫上绘画课。 考查连词辨析。until直到；when当……时；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据“I started drawing lessons at the Children’s Palace...I was a little boy.”可知，此处表达的是“当我还是个小男孩时”，强调两个动作同时发生的时间点，应用when引导时间状语从句，故选B。 8．David is a tennis player. He ________ to play tennis when he was six years old. A．begin B．begins C．began D．begun 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫是一名网球运动员。他六岁时开始打网球。 考查动词时态。根据“to play tennis when he was six years old.”可知，该句是一般过去时，谓语动词填过去式began。故选C。 二、教材原句回译与仿写 1. 我在那里时，学到了很多有趣的东西。 · 回译：I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. · 解析：此句中when引导了一个过去时态的时间状语从句，主句也用相应的过去的时态。 · 仿写：他小的时候足球踢得很好。 He could play football well when he was young. 2. 中国人钟爱银杏，因为它象征着希望和长寿。 · 回译：Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. · 解析：此句中as表示“因为”，引导一个原因状语从句。 · 仿写：如今，博物馆越来越受欢迎，因为人们想更多地了解文化和历史。 Nowadays museums are becoming more popular as people want to learn more about culture and history. 3. 你能告诉我为什么中国人如此喜欢竹子吗？ · 回译：Can you tell me why the Chinese people like bamboo so much ? · 解析：此句中why引导一个宾语从句充当tell后的之间宾语。why是连接副词，连接从句时在从句中充当状语成分。 · 仿写：你能告诉我你为什么如此喜欢蝴蝶吗？ Can you tell me why you like butterflies so much ? 4. 人们相信明亮的黄色叶子能给他们的内心带来快乐。 · 回译：People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. · 解析：believe可以表示“相信，认为...有可能”。此句中believe后跟了一个宾语从句，从句的连接词是that。在宾语从句中，that引导宾语从句时没有意义，也不充当成分，故一般情况可以省略。 · 仿写：我们都相信有一天我们能去月球旅行。 We all believe (that)we can travel to the moon one day. 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