精品解析：广东省广州市越秀区广东实验中学越秀学校2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

广东实验中学越秀学校2025-2026学年（上）高二英语统练 （试题说明：本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，满分120分） 第Ⅰ卷 Ⅰ.阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Pet parents — cats and dogs under 20 pounds — can travel on Capitol Corridor for $30 one-way! If your furry family member fits the bill, take them on your next adventure. Check out the information below and how to book your next trip. Our check-in process is simple, making traveling with your four-legged friend easy and enjoyable. What to Know As you plan your next train trip with your pet, note that we welcome a maximum (最大) of 6pets per train. Booking needs to happen in advance and only one pet reservation is allowed per customer. Pets cannot be booked with multi-ride tickets, bus connections or unaccompanied minors (未成年人). When at the station, your pet must always travel in a carrier, which counts as one piece of carry-on baggage, and the combined weight of your pet and carrier is 20 pounds. While aboard trains, it must be able to sit, lie down and remain entirely inside without touching the sides of the carrier. It is not permitted in the Café, or Quiet Cars. How to Book Select your trip on the booking machine. Add your travel details and proceed until you see the option to customize (定制) your trip. Add a pet to your booking for $30. Contact 800-USA-RAIL if you need to change your reservation. The Rules Your pet must be at least eight weeks old and be unsmelly, harmless, not disruptive, and require no attention during travel. You confirm that your pet is up to date on all vaccinations and accept responsibility for your pet by signing the pet release document at check-in. 1. How much does a pet owner have to pay for the pet for a round-trip? A. $15. B. $30. C. $45. D. $60. 2. What does a pet owner need to do if he/she is to take a cat on board? A. Book ahead of schedule. B. Take a carrier weighing 20 pounds. C. Buy a multi-ride ticket. D. Contact 800-USA-RAIL first. 3. What are pets allowed to do? A. Eat in the Café. B. Sleep in Quiet Cars. C. Travel in a carrier. D. Lie behind the door. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了携带宠物乘坐火车的一些相关政策和要求。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Pet parents — cats and dogs under 20 pounds — can travel on Capitol Corridor for $30 one-way!(宠物父母——20磅以下的猫和狗——可以在国会走廊旅行，单程30美元！)”可知，体重在20磅以下的猫和狗乘坐火车单程需要支付30 美元，那么往返则需要支付60 美元。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Booking needs to happen in advance and only one pet reservation is allowed per customer.(需要提前预订，每位顾客只允许预订一只宠物)”可知，携带宠物乘坐火车需要提前预订。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“While aboard trains, it must be able to sit, lie down and remain entirely inside without touching the sides of the carrier.(在火车上，它必须能够坐下，躺下，并完全留在里面，而不接触载体的侧面)”可知，宠物必须待在笼子里。故选C。 Disneyland’s opening day, July 17, 1955, was a nightmare. Rides broke down. Restaurants ran out of food and drink. Long lines formed at bathrooms. All in front of a national audience of 90 million, Disney’s opening day would be known in Disney history as Black Sunday. But Disneyland’s story actually twenty years earlier with what Walt Disney called “Daddy’s Day”. On Saturdays in the 1930s and 1940s, Disney would take his two daughters to ride the Griffith Park merry-go-round. Disney saw the amusement parks they often visited as dirty and unimaginative places run by unfriendly employees. He thought he could do better. In 1939, he asked two employees to work on a plan for an amusement park. The pair spent six weeks visiting parks around the country and came up with a proposal （提议）. In 1948, Disney laid out his plans for a Mickey Mouse Park, which included a town square, a city hall, a fire station and a movie theater. By 1952 the idea had grown into a 16-acre park proposal that he presented to Burbank, California official. However, the City Council didn’t accept the proposal. Disney counted the refusal as a fortunate setback. By now, his dreams for a theme park had gone far beyond the space available in Burbank. He examined locations throughout Southern California. 160-acre land, 22 miles south of Los Angeles, was soon chosen. Groundbreaking took place in July 1954, and Disney walked the site daily to offer direction and encouragement. Disneyland wasn’t ready on opening day, but Disney decided to open the gates anyway to the media and invited guests. After the madness of opening day, newspaper headlines wrote: “Walt’s Nightmare”. The media foresaw a quick and early end. However, the public didn’t listen. Visitors arrived in droves, and within weeks Disneyland was a success. Within two months, the park had welcomed its millionth visitor. Sixty years later, Disneyland’s popularity continues to grow, and shows no signs of slowing down with total overall attendance topping 700 million. 4. What made Disney come up with the idea of building a park? A. His six-week visit to all the national parks. B. The good business opportunities in this industry. C. His unpleasant experience in other amusement parks. D. The unfriendly attitudes of employees in Griffith Park. 5. What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean? A. The refusal gave Disney a bigger chance. B. Disney felt very lucky with his proposal. C. The refusal made Disney feel frustrated. D. Disney was ready to accept the refusal. 6. In the media’s opinion, Disneyland ________. A. grew very quickly B. had a hopeless future C. would be a great success one day D. should be responsible for the public 7. How did the author mainly develop the passage? A. By discussing important events. B. By explaining reasons. C. By making comparisons. D. By following time order. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者按时间顺序，讲述了建造迪士尼乐园的起因，开业第一天的混乱场面，以及最后的成功。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段“On Saturdays in the 1930s and 1940s, Disney would take his two daughters to ride the Griffith Park merry-go-round. Disney saw the amusement parks they often visited as dirty and unimaginative places run by unfriendly employees. He thought he could do better. (在20世纪三四十年代的周六，迪士尼会带他的两个女儿去乘坐格里菲斯公园的旋转木马。迪斯尼看到他们经常去的游乐园很肮脏，很无趣，并且员工也不是很友好。他认为自己可以做得更好。)”可知，迪士尼想建公园，是因为自己和孩子不好的经历。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。第五段“However, the City Council didn’t accept the proposal. (然而，城市委员会拒绝了他的提案。)”第六段“By now, his dreams for a theme park had gone far beyond the space available in Burbank. He examined locations throughout Southern California. 160-acre land, 22 miles south of Los Angeles, was soon chosen. (到现在，他对主题公园的梦想已经远远超出了Burbank。他考察了整个南加州的地点。很快就选定了位于洛杉矶以南22英里处的160英亩土地。)”结合上下文，作者之前被拒绝，但后来拓宽了视野，想到去Burbank之外建公园。因此划线句的意思是这一拒绝给了迪士尼一个更大的机会。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。第八段“After the madness of opening day, newspaper headlines wrote: “Walt’s Nightmare”. The media foresaw a quick and early end. (在开幕日的疯狂之后，报纸头条写道：“Walt的噩梦”。媒体预测这个游乐园很快就会关门。)”可知，媒体认为迪士尼乐园前途渺茫。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中的时间“In 1939， In 1948,By 1952，in July 1954”，可知，作者以时间顺序在讲解迪士尼的发展历程。故选D项。 Two researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Alex Robel and Shi Joyce Sim, have worked on a new model for how water moves under glaciers (冰川). The new theory shows that up to twice the amount of under-glacier water that was originally predicted might be flowing into the ocean-potentially increasing glacial melting (融化), sea level rise, and so on. While there are pre-existing methods to understand under-glacier flow, these techniques involve time-consuming computations. Robel and Sim developed a simple solution, which can predict how fast exfiltration (渗漏) is, using satellite measurements of Antarctica from the last two decades. Robel explains, “Previously, people would run a model, which would have to be applied at every point under Antarctica, and then run forward over a long time period. Now the entirety of our prediction can be done in a second on a computer.” The potentially large source of under-glacier water-possibly up to double the amount previously thought-could be affecting how quickly glacial ice flows and how quickly the ice melts at its base. Robel and Sim hope that the predictions made possible by this theory can be included into ice sheet models that scientists use to predict future ice sheet change and sea level rise. Beyond sea level rise, this additional exfiltration and melting has other possible future effects. Some of the places of richest ocean productivity in the world occur off the coast of Antarctica, and being able to better predict exfiltration and melting could help ocean biologists better understand where ocean productivity is occurring, and how it might change in the future. Robel also hopes this work will open the doorway to more cooperation with groundwater hydrologists who may be able to apply their knowledge to ice sheet dynamics, while Sim stresses the need for more fieldwork. “Getting the observationalists interested in trying to help us better understand the qualities of ice sheets would produce a dramatic effect,” Sim says. “That’s our largest unknown at this point, and it heavily influences the results.” 8. What is the new model used to study? A. The risk of sea level rise. B. The changes of ocean ecosystems. C. The speed of glacial melting. D. The flow of water beneath glaciers. 9. How does the author show the advantage of the new model? A. By analyzing facts. B. By referring to figures. C. By giving examples. D. By making a comparison. 10. What does the author stress about the additional exfiltration and melting? A. It gets attention in many places. B. It may influence more than one field. C. It is responsible for sea level rise. D. It has been considered by biologists. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. An In-depth Study of Antarctic Glaciers B. A Prediction of the Future of Glaciers C. A Big Discovery About Under-glacier Flow D. A New Model Invented to Monitor Glaciers 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Georgia Institute of Technology的两位研究人员开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并发现冰川下的水流可能比原先预测的要大得多，这可能对冰川融化和海平面上升等产生影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Two researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Alex Robel and Shi Joyce Sim, have worked on a new model for how water moves under glaciers (冰川). ( 来自乔治亚理工学院的两位研究人员Alex Robel和Shi Joyce Sim开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流如何移动。)”可知，该模型用于研究冰川下的水流。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Robel explains, “Previously, people would run a model, which would have to be applied at every point under Antarctica, and then run forward over a long time period. Now the entirety of our prediction can be done in a second on a computer.” (罗伯尔解释说：“以前，人们会运行一个模型，这个模型必须应用于南极洲下的每一个点，然后才能向前运行很长一段时间。现在，我们的整个预测可以在计算机上一秒钟内完成。”)”可知，作者通过比较之前的方法和新的模型来展示新模型的优点。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Beyond sea level rise, this additional exfiltration and melting has other possible future effects. Some of the places of richest ocean productivity in the world occur off the coast of Antarctica, and being able to better predict exfiltration and melting could help ocean biologists better understand where ocean productivity is occurring, and how it might change in the future. (除了海平面上升之外，这种额外的渗漏和融化还可能对未来产生其他影响。世界上一些海洋生产力最丰富的地区位于南极洲沿岸，如果能够更好地预测渗漏和融化，将有助于海洋生物学家更好地了解海洋生产力的发生地，以及它未来可能如何变化。)”可知，在文章第四段中提到，除了海平面上升之外，这种额外的渗漏和融化还可能对未来产生其他影响。这表明额外的渗漏和融化可能会影响多个领域，因此作者强调了这一点。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了Georgia Institute of Technology的两位研究人员开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并发现冰川下的水流可能比原先预测的要大得多，这可能对冰川融化和海平面上升等产生影响。因此，文章主要讲述的是关于冰川下水流的一个重大发现，所以C选项“A Big Discovery About Under-glacier Flow”最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 D Nesting chinstrap penguins take nodding off to the extreme. These birds fall asleep many thousands of times per day, sleeping only seconds at a time. The penguins’ breeding (繁殖) areas are noisy and stressful, and dangers from predators (捕食者) and unfriendly neighboring penguins never seem to become fewer. But their special sleep habits may help protect their young while they are still getting plenty of Zzzz’s. Teaming up with other researchers, Won Young Lee, a specialist of animals’ habitats, fixed sleep trackers on the birds’ backs, and then connected these to the birds’ brains, which allowed the devices to measure brain activity. Other instruments on the devices recorded the penguins’ movements and locations. The study found nesting chinstrap penguins had incredibly inconsecutive sleep. They took more than 600 “microsleeps” an hour, and each microsleep averaged only four seconds. At times, the penguins slept with half their brain and the other half stayed awake. The more than 10,000 microsleeps each day provided more than 11 hours of sleep for each brain half. In the wild, some other animals have strange or limited sleep patterns, too. Killer whale moms and dolphin moms can stay awake for a month after giving birth — without showing any ill effects. While at sea, dolphins can sleep with half their brain at a time (and one eye open), which lets them remain watchful for over two weeks straight. But Lee says the huge number of microsleeps by chinstrap penguins is unheard-of among animals. Getting enough sleep is important for healthy brains and bodies. The penguins’ microsleep appeared to give their brains at least partially restorative (恢复性的) rest. The studied penguins functioned well enough to both survive and raise their chicks. However, it’s unclear if the penguins’ sleep patterns change after the breeding season, and that has been included in the researchers’ further plan. “Sleep seems to differ widely from one species to another,” Lee says. “By studying how animals get that shut-eye, researchers can learn how sleep developed to give their brains needed rest.” 12. Why do nesting chinstrap penguins probably form extreme sleep schedules? A. To adapt to the noisy environment. B. To store enough energy for breeding. C. To balance parenting duty with rest needs. D. To guard their land against unfriendly neighbors. 13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “inconsecutive” in paragraph 3? A. Deep. B. Broken. C. Insufficient. D. Comfortable. 14. Why are some other animals’ sleep patterns mentioned in the text? A. To show the harmful effects of microsleeps. B. To suggest other ways for penguins to sleep. C. To explain different sleep habits among animals. D. To stress the uniqueness of chinstrap penguins’ sleep. 15. What will be the researchers’ further research topic? A. Chinstrap penguins’ post-breeding sleep. B. The impact of sleep on penguins’ brains. C. Other penguin species’ sleep habits. D. Chinstrap penguins’ sleep quality. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了筑巢的帽带企鹅有着极端的睡眠习惯，其特殊睡眠方式或有保护幼崽的作用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But their special sleep habits may help protect their young while they are still getting plenty of Zzzz’s.(但是它们特殊的睡眠习惯可能有助于在它们得到充足睡眠的同时保护幼崽)”可知，筑巢的帽带企鹅形成极端睡眠时间表是为了平衡育儿责任和休息需求。故选C。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“They took more than 600 “microsleeps” an hour, and each microsleep averaged only four seconds.(它们每小时有600多次“微睡眠”，每次微睡眠平均只有4秒钟)”可知，筑巢的帽带企鹅的睡眠是不连续的，inconsecutive意思是“不连续的”，与broken意思相近。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“But Lee says the huge number of microsleeps by chinstrap penguins is unheard-of among animals.(但是Lee说帽带企鹅的大量微睡眠在动物中是闻所未闻的)”可知，文中提到其他动物的睡眠模式是为了强调帽带企鹅睡眠的独特性。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“However, it’s unclear if the penguins’ sleep patterns change after the breeding season, and that has been included in the researchers’ further plan.(然而，目前还不清楚企鹅在繁殖季节后的睡眠模式是否会发生变化，这已经被纳入研究人员的进一步计划中)”可知，研究人员进一步的研究主题是帽带企鹅繁殖后的睡眠。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Make Eye Contact Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience. ____16____ Turning your shoulders and head to face the other person’s eyes. Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate. ____17____ Position yourself a few feet away from the other person’s face, which ensures a respectful distance while still maintaining a sense of closeness. Choosing a focal point near the eyes. Most commonly, this is one of the other person’s eyes. But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way. ____18____ You can also choose to look under or above the eyes, or at a certain point around the ear. Bear in mind that maintaining eye contact with the help of an appropriate focal point is an effective way to show sincerity. ____19____ Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen. Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds. ____20____ While you don’t need to count the seconds, you should look away every once in a while to keep the conversation light and easy, but only for a few seconds. Some casual ways to do so include: laughing, nodding, and acknowledging the other person; looking at the sky; looking off to the side briefly, as if remembering something or running your hands through your hair. A. Making gentle eye-contact. B. Looking between their eyes is a good choice. C. It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain. D. Below are the reasons why you should make eye contact. E. Avoiding hesitant eye contact in a formal and important meeting. F. Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all. G. All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何在交流中正确进行眼神接触，以建立信任和吸引听众，包括面向对方眼睛、选择一个靠近眼睛的对焦点、放松视线、以及每隔5-15秒短暂地移开视线等技巧。 【16题详解】 上文“Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience.(眼神交流可能有些棘手，尤其是当你害羞或紧张的时候。但良好的眼神交流对于建立信任和吸引观众很重要)”说明眼神交流虽然有些困难，但对于建立信任和吸引观众很重要；G选项“All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze.(只需要一点练习，你就能自信地与人对视)”提出了一个解决方案，即只需要一点练习就能自信地进行眼神交流，与上文形成转折关系，并引出下文关于如何进行眼神交流的具体建议。故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate.(向对方敞开心扉有助于告诉他你在倾听、投入并准备交流)”说明向对方敞开心扉的重要性；C选项“It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain.(这也使得保持眼神交流更加自然)”进一步解释了向对方敞开心扉的好处之一，即使得眼神交流更加自然，与上文构成并列关系，并引出下文关于如何保持自然眼神交流的具体建议。故选C。 【18题详解】 上文“But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way.(但如果你真的感到不舒服，你也可以以一种明智的方式避免与他们的眼神接触)”说明在感到不舒服时可以采取明智的方式避免眼神接触；B选项“Looking between their eyes is a good choice.(看着他们的眼睛之间是一个不错的选择)”给出了一个具体的建议，即看着对方的眼睛之间，这是一种避免直接眼神接触但又能保持一定交流的方式，符合题意。故选B。 【19题详解】 下文“Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen.(想想你如何看待一幅画或一处美景——你不是全神贯注地看着它们，而是温柔地看着它们。所以，当你做出温柔的眼神交流并偶尔点头倾听时，通过慢慢呼吸来放松你的视线)”说明这一部分是关于如何温柔地进行眼神交流的；A选项“Making gentle eye-contact.(做出温柔的眼神交流)”作为小标题，概括了下文的内容，符合题意。故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds.(每隔5-15秒短暂地移开视线)”说明需要适时地移开视线；F选项“Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all.(过多的眼神交流和无眼神交流一样会让人不舒服)”解释了为什么需要适时地移开视线，即过多的眼神交流会让人感到不舒服，与上文形成因果关系，并引出下文关于如何适时移开视线的具体建议。故选F。 Ⅱ.完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom. When I went on to college, it also ____21____ for tuition and housing and — eventually — a camera. But best of all, being a waitress taught me to quickly ____22____ and understand all kinds of people. I learned how to make small talk and how to quickly put people at ease — great training for a ____23____. From the moment I picked up a camera, I was ____24____ . I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. In six months, I was able to get a lot of great ____25____. The week I finished college, I was ____26____ by the Worthington Daily Globe. By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism. One morning, a phone call ____27____ everything. “You a photographer?” asked a rough voice. When I replied that indeed I was, the voice ____28____, “This is Bob Gilka. National Geographic. I need a hail (冰雹) damage ____29____. You guys get a big hailstorm last night?” I ____30____ my nervousness and said, “Yes, sir.” When he asked if I could take the photo for him, I again said, “Yes, sir.” My little picture of hail damage was well ____31____ and launched my 40-year career with the ____32____. Through decades, my lens captured ____33____ truths: Norwegian farmers and Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ____34____. Crafting my photography exhibition, I feel each frame pulses with ____35____ stories. 21. A. paid B. earned C. spent D. afforded 22. A. praise B. confirm C. entertain D. assess 23. A. teacher B. waitress C. journalist D. student 24. A. moved B. absorbed C. struck D. thrown 25. A. money B. equipment C. knowledge D. experience 26. A. visited B. recommended C. contacted D. appointed 27. A. improved B. declared C. recorded D. changed 28. A. shouted B. responded C. doubted D. whispered 29. A. picture B. evidence C. document D. scene 30. A. withdrew B. overcame C. admitted D. showed 31. A. adopted B. examined C. received D. sold 32. A. magazine B. book C. poster D. brochure 33. A. local B. universal C. distant D. national 34. A. courage B. beauty C. fear D. pain 35. A. written B. translated C. copied D. unspoken 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从12岁开始做服务员，后来通过努力成为摄影师，并最终在《国家地理》杂志工作的经历。作者通过镜头捕捉了普遍的人性真理，展现了不同文化背景下人们共同的情感和勇气。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我继续上大学时，它也支付了学费和住房费用，最终还买了一台相机。A. paid支付；B. earned赚取；C. spent花费；D. afforded负担得起。根据前文“I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom.”可知，作者做女服务员的工作赚的钱支付了学费和住房费用。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，做女服务员教会了我快速评估和理解各种各样的人。A. praise表扬；B. confirm确认；C. entertain娱乐；D. assess评估。根据后文“understand all kinds of people”可知，作者学会了快速评估和理解各种各样的人。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了如何闲聊，如何迅速让人放松——这对一名记者来说是很好的训练。A. teacher教师；B. waitress女服务员；C. journalist记者；D. student学生。根据后文“I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily.”可知，作者后来成为了一名记者，所以做女服务员的经历对记者来说是很好的训练。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我拿起相机的那一刻起，我就被吸引住了。A. moved移动；B. absorbed吸引；C. struck打击；D. thrown扔。根据后文“I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily.”可知，作者对摄影非常着迷。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六个月内，我获得了许多宝贵的经验。A. money钱；B. equipment设备；C. knowledge知识；D. experience经验。根据前文“take pictures for the university newspaper”可知，作者为校报拍照，积累了丰富的经验。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大学毕业的那一周，Worthington Daily Globe联系了我。A. visited拜访；B. recommended推荐；C. contacted联系；D. appointed任命。根据后文“By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism.”可知，报社联系了作者并雇佣了她。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，一个电话改变了一切。A. improved改进；B. declared宣布；C. recorded记录；D. changed改变。根据后文“My little picture of hail damage was well ___11___ and launched my 40-year career”可知，这个电话改变了作者的职业生涯。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回答说我确实是摄影师时，那个声音回应说：“我是鲍勃·吉尔卡。《国家地理》的。”A. shouted大喊；B. responded回应；C. doubted怀疑；D. whispered低语。根据前文“asked a rough voice”和“When I replied”可知，对方在作者回答后进行了回应。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要一张冰雹损坏的照片。A. picture照片；B. evidence证据；C. document文件；D. scene场景。根据后文“My little picture of hail damage”可知，对方需要一张冰雹损坏的照片。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我克服了紧张，回答说：“是的，先生。”A. withdrew撤回；B. overcame克服；C. admitted承认；D. showed展示。根据前文“my nervousness”以及下文“Yes, sir”可知，前文提到接到《国家地理》Bob Gilka的电话时，作者是紧张的（nervousness）。后文作者回答“Yes, sir”时，需要克服紧张情绪才能保持专业回应。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我那张小小的冰雹损坏照片被很好地接受了，并开启了我与《国家地理》杂志40年的职业生涯。A. adopted采用；B. examined检查；C. received接受；D. sold出售。根据后文“launched my 40-year career”可知，照片被接受并开启了作者的职业生涯，文中未提及作者的这张照片被采用收录在杂志中，A项错误。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我那张小小的冰雹损坏照片被很好地接受了，并开启了我与《国家地理》杂志40年的职业生涯。A. magazine杂志；B. book书籍；C. poster海报；D. brochure手册。根据前文“National Geographic”可知，《国家地理》是一本杂志。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：数十年来，我的镜头捕捉到了普世的真理：挪威的农夫与蒙古的牧人有着如出一辙的笑纹褶皱；海啸幸存者与野火消防员展现着同等的勇气。A. local当地的；B. universal普遍的；C. distant遥远的；D. national国家的。根据后文“Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ___14___ .”可知，作者捕捉的是普遍的人性。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数十年来，我的镜头捕捉到了普世的真理：挪威的农夫与蒙古的牧人有着如出一辙的笑纹褶皱；海啸幸存者与野火消防员展现着同等的勇气。A. courage勇气；B. beauty美丽；C. fear恐惧；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter”可知，这些人在灾难面前表现出的应是勇气。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在制作我的摄影展时，我感到每一帧都跳动着无声的故事。A. written书面的；B. translated翻译的；C. copied复制的；D. unspoken无声的。根据前文“each frame pulses”可知，照片诉说着无声的故事。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷 I.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(青藏高原) is known as “China’ s watertower” It is a ___36___(whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as ___37___important ecological defense for the country. Decades ago, serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan ___38___(cause) by climate change and human activities which resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers ___39___(fall) sharply. In 2016, the pilot program for the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system was launched. Through painstaking practice, development and innovation, efforts have brought about ___40___(symbol) progress in China’s ecological civilization. Over the past years, the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ___41___(experience) comprehensive changes. Water conservation in the area has risen ___42___eleven percent every year, compared with 10 years ago. Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature, and the establishment of the national park has enabled them ___43___(transform) from exploiting (开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it. Some work as tour guides, assisting visitors from home ___44___abroad. Today, as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan, looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures, and catching sight of wild animals and birds, they cannot help but be impressed by the ____45____(vast) and timelessness of nature. 【答案】36. wholly 37. an 38. was caused 39. falling 40. symbolic 41. has experienced 42. by 43. to transform 44. and 45. vastness 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了位于青藏高原的三江源地区，它作为“中国水塔”的重要生态地位，过去因气候变化和人类活动导致的环境恶化，以及自2016年国家公园管理系统试点项目启动后取得的生态改善成果，还提及当地居民角色的转变，最后描述了如今三江源地区的自然风貌给人们带来的震撼。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态屏障。此处修饰形容词unique，应用副词wholly，意为“完全地”。故填wholly。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态屏障。defense此处意为“屏障”，是可数名词单数，important是以元音音素开头的单词，此处表示泛指“一个重要的生态屏障”，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查动词语态和时态。句意：几十年前，三江源地区严重的环境恶化是由气候变化和人类活动造成的，这导致大量湖泊干涸，野生动物数量急剧下降。根据时间状语Decades ago可知，此处用一般过去时，cause与主语serious environmental degradation之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，故填was caused。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几十年前，三江源地区严重的环境恶化是由气候变化和人类活动造成的，这导致大量湖泊干涸，野生动物数量急剧下降。此处为“result in +宾语+动名词”结构，为动名词的复合结构。故填falling。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：经过艰苦的实践、发展和创新，中国生态文明建设取得了标志性进展。此处修饰名词progress，应用形容词symbolic，意为“标志性的”。故填symbolic。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，青藏高原的生态环境经历了全面的变化。根据时间状语Over the past years可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，主语the ecological environment是单数，所以用has experienced。故填has experienced。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：与10年前相比，该地区的水源涵养量每年增长11%。表示“增长了……”，用rise by，所以此处填介词by。故填by。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地居民享受着大自然的馈赠，国家公园的建立使他们从开发自然转变为成为自然的保护者并从中受益。enable sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to transform。故填to transform。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：一些人担任导游，帮助来自国内外的游客。from home and abroad为固定短语，意为“来自国内外”，所以填and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，当人们走在三江源广袤的土地上，望着广阔的山脉、冰川、湖泊和牧场，看到野生动物和鸟类，他们不禁会对大自然的浩瀚和永恒留下深刻印象。and连接两个并列成分，根据timelessness可知，此处应用名词vastness，意为“浩瀚，广阔”。故填vastness。 Ⅱ.单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. They had a house by the _________ (边缘) of an empty sea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】edge 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们在一片空旷的海边有一所房子。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词edge“边缘”作宾语，此处为固定短语by the edge of“在……的边缘”。故填edge。 47. Every society has rules and laws for ________ (解释) how life should be lived. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】explaining 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个社会都有解释生活应该如何度过的规则和法律。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词explain“解释”，作介词for的宾语，用动名词形式。故填explaining。 48. Despite these________(可见的，明显的) benefits, there are many challenges. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】visible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管这些方面确实存在诸多益处，但同时也存在着诸多挑战。根据汉语提示可知用形容词visible，修饰名词benefits。故填visible。 49. A person who has a good-luck dumpling will be _________ (祝福). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】blessed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：拥有好运饺子的人将会受到祝福。根据汉语提示可知，此处为动词bless，a person和bless为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词，空处需填过去分词。故填blessed。 50. ________ (绵延，伸展) over 2,300 kilometres, the Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the natural wonders of the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Stretching  【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大堡礁绵延2300多公里，被认为是世界自然奇观之一。汉语提示“绵延，伸展”对应动词stretch。句中已有谓语is considered，此空应是非谓语形式。the Great Barrier Reef与stretch是主谓关系，应用现在分词stretching，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Stretching。 51. The force displayed by a seed is ________ (不可思议的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】incredible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：种子所展现出的力量是不可思议的。汉语提示“不可思议的”对应形容词incredible，在句中作表语。故填incredible。 52. As I_________(闲逛) in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】wandered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我漫步在国家美术馆内时，我惊讶地看到了所有的画作。根据汉语提示可知用动词wander，结合后文 I was amazed to see all the paintings.可知为一般过去时。故填wandered。 53. Yuan Longping overcame _________ (巨大的) technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】enormous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：1974年，袁隆平克服了巨大的技术困难，培育出了第一种可用于农业生产的杂交水稻。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词enormous“巨大的”，作定语修饰名词短语technical difficulties。故填enormous。 54. He had no ________ (胃口) in the morning. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】appetite 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他早上没有胃口。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填名词appetite“胃口”，作had的宾语，且此处为不可数名词。故填appetite。 55. Everyone should _________ (展现) that they care, especially about each other. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】show 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：每个人都应该表现出自己的关心，尤其是要关心彼此。根据汉语提示可知用动词show，作谓语，且should后跟动词原形。故填show。 Ⅱ.完成句子（共7小题；每空1分，共15分） 56. 整个故事都非常有趣，但最吸引我的是主角复杂的性格。 The whole story is extremely interesting, but what ________ ________ ________ most was the characters’ complex personalities. 【答案】 ①. appealed ②. to ③. me 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：整个故事都非常有趣，但最吸引我的是主角复杂的性格。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填“吸引我”，在what引导的主语从句中作谓语，由was可知，从句应用一般过去时，谓语动词“吸引”用过去式appealed to，后接宾语“我”me。故填appealed to me。 57. 我们应该禁止科学家使用它来增强健康的身体吗？ Should we ________ scientists ________ ________it to enhance healthy bodies? 【答案】 ①. ban/prohibit ②. from ③. using 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们应该禁止科学家使用它来增强健康的身体吗? 根据汉语提示可知，空处应填“禁止……使用”，可用动词短语ban/prohibit sb. from doing sth.表达，“使用”使用动词use，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填①ban/prohibit；②from；③using。 58. 它们因人而异，这取决于我们自己塑造我们生活的独特经历。 They ________ ________ person ________ person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. 【答案】 ①. vary ②. from ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。结合“因人而异”可知动词短语为vary from person to person，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为They，谓语用原形。故填①vary；②from；③to。 59. 员工经常与领导发生冲突，这导致了许多问题。 Often the employees come ________ ________ ________ leaders, which has led to many problems. 【答案】 ①. to ②. conflict ③. with 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。“与某人发生冲突”用短语come to conflict with sb.。故填to；conflict；with。 60. 我可以看出我有多少时间都被用来查看我的手机。 I can see how much of my time had ________ ________ ________ checking my phone. 【答案】 ①. been ②. occupied/used ③. with/for 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态与固定短语。句意：我可以看出我有多少时间都被用来查看我的手机。根据汉语提示“被用来”可知，此处考查固定短语occupy...with.../use...for...，意为“把……用于……”；主语my time与occupy/use之间是被动关系，需用被动语态；空前有助动词had，故此处为过去完成时的被动语态，结构为had been+过去分词，occupy的过去分词为occupied，use的过去分词为used。故填been occupied with/been used for。 IV.书面表达（15分） 61. 你是李华。你的英国留学生朋友Tom写邮件告知你他准备周末在附近游玩，请你回复邮件并向他推荐海珠国家湿地公园（Haizhu National Wetland Park）。 主要包括： 1.位于广州市海珠区的中心，占地面积约1.8平方公里：开园时间：9:00-17:00；门票免费； 2.主要由海珠湖、河涌以及果林组成：被誉为广州的“绿肺”； 3.游玩项目：湖边散步、骑行、野餐、观鸟、采摘水果等。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 河涌 a network of rivers 果林orchard Dear Tom, I hope this email finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I hope this email finds you well. I’m excited to hear about your weekend plans and would like to recommend Haizhu National Wetland Park to you. Located in the heart of Haizhu District, Guangzhou, the park covers an area of about 1.8 square kilometers. It opens from 9:00 to 17:00 and is free of charge. The park mainly consists of Haizhu Lake, a network of rivers, and orchards, earning it the nickname “the Green Lung of Guangzhou”. You can enjoy various activities there, such as walking by the lake, cycling, picnicking, bird watching, and fruit picking. I’m sure you’ll have a great time there. Don’t miss it! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据朋友Tom的邮件内容，回复并推荐海珠国家湿地公园，包括其地理位置、开园时间、门票情况、主要组成以及游玩项目等信息。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 位于：located in → situated in 免费的：free of charge → for free/complimentary 组成：consist of → be made up of 各种各样的：various → a variety of/all kinds of 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：The park mainly consists of Haizhu Lake, a network of rivers, and orchards, earning it the nickname “the Green Lung of Guangzhou”. 拓展句：The park mainly consists of Haizhu Lake, a network of rivers, and orchards, which earns it the nickname “the Green Lung of Guangzhou”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Located in the heart of Haizhu District, Guangzhou, the park covers an area of about 1.8 square kilometers. (运用了过去分词作状语) 【高分句型2】I’m sure you’ll have a great time there. (运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广东实验中学越秀学校2025-2026学年（上）高二英语统练 （试题说明：本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，满分120分） 第Ⅰ卷 Ⅰ.阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Pet parents — cats and dogs under 20 pounds — can travel on Capitol Corridor for $30 one-way! If your furry family member fits the bill, take them on your next adventure. Check out the information below and how to book your next trip. Our check-in process is simple, making traveling with your four-legged friend easy and enjoyable. What to Know As you plan your next train trip with your pet, note that we welcome a maximum (最大) of 6pets per train. Booking needs to happen in advance and only one pet reservation is allowed per customer. Pets cannot be booked with multi-ride tickets, bus connections or unaccompanied minors (未成年人). When at the station, your pet must always travel in a carrier, which counts as one piece of carry-on baggage, and the combined weight of your pet and carrier is 20 pounds. While aboard trains, it must be able to sit, lie down and remain entirely inside without touching the sides of the carrier. It is not permitted in the Café, or Quiet Cars. How to Book Select your trip on the booking machine. Add your travel details and proceed until you see the option to customize (定制) your trip. Add a pet to your booking for $30. Contact 800-USA-RAIL if you need to change your reservation. The Rules Your pet must be at least eight weeks old and be unsmelly, harmless, not disruptive, and require no attention during travel. You confirm that your pet is up to date on all vaccinations and accept responsibility for your pet by signing the pet release document at check-in. 1. How much does a pet owner have to pay for the pet for a round-trip? A. $15. B. $30. C. $45. D. $60. 2. What does a pet owner need to do if he/she is to take a cat on board? A. Book ahead of schedule. B. Take a carrier weighing 20 pounds. C. Buy a multi-ride ticket. D. Contact 800-USA-RAIL first. 3. What are pets allowed to do? A. Eat in the Café. B. Sleep in Quiet Cars. C. Travel in a carrier. D. Lie behind the door. Disneyland’s opening day, July 17, 1955, was a nightmare. Rides broke down. Restaurants ran out of food and drink. Long lines formed at bathrooms. All in front of a national audience of 90 million, Disney’s opening day would be known in Disney history as Black Sunday. But Disneyland’s story actually twenty years earlier with what Walt Disney called “Daddy’s Day”. On Saturdays in the 1930s and 1940s, Disney would take his two daughters to ride the Griffith Park merry-go-round. Disney saw the amusement parks they often visited as dirty and unimaginative places run by unfriendly employees. He thought he could do better. In 1939, he asked two employees to work on a plan for an amusement park. The pair spent six weeks visiting parks around the country and came up with a proposal （提议）. In 1948, Disney laid out his plans for a Mickey Mouse Park, which included a town square, a city hall, a fire station and a movie theater. By 1952 the idea had grown into a 16-acre park proposal that he presented to Burbank, California official. However, the City Council didn’t accept the proposal. Disney counted the refusal as a fortunate setback. By now, his dreams for a theme park had gone far beyond the space available in Burbank. He examined locations throughout Southern California. 160-acre land, 22 miles south of Los Angeles, was soon chosen. Groundbreaking took place in July 1954, and Disney walked the site daily to offer direction and encouragement. Disneyland wasn’t ready on opening day, but Disney decided to open the gates anyway to the media and invited guests. After the madness of opening day, newspaper headlines wrote: “Walt’s Nightmare”. The media foresaw a quick and early end. However, the public didn’t listen. Visitors arrived in droves, and within weeks Disneyland was a success. Within two months, the park had welcomed its millionth visitor. Sixty years later, Disneyland’s popularity continues to grow, and shows no signs of slowing down with total overall attendance topping 700 million. 4. What made Disney come up with the idea of building a park? A. His six-week visit to all the national parks. B. The good business opportunities in this industry. C. His unpleasant experience in other amusement parks. D. The unfriendly attitudes of employees in Griffith Park. 5. What does the underlined sentence in the passage mean? A. The refusal gave Disney a bigger chance. B. Disney felt very lucky with his proposal. C. The refusal made Disney feel frustrated. D. Disney was ready to accept the refusal. 6. In the media’s opinion, Disneyland ________. A. grew very quickly B. had a hopeless future C. would be a great success one day D. should be responsible for the public 7. How did the author mainly develop the passage? A. By discussing important events. B. By explaining reasons. C. By making comparisons. D. By following time order. Two researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Alex Robel and Shi Joyce Sim, have worked on a new model for how water moves under glaciers (冰川). The new theory shows that up to twice the amount of under-glacier water that was originally predicted might be flowing into the ocean-potentially increasing glacial melting (融化), sea level rise, and so on. While there are pre-existing methods to understand under-glacier flow, these techniques involve time-consuming computations. Robel and Sim developed a simple solution, which can predict how fast exfiltration (渗漏) is, using satellite measurements of Antarctica from the last two decades. Robel explains, “Previously, people would run a model, which would have to be applied at every point under Antarctica, and then run forward over a long time period. Now the entirety of our prediction can be done in a second on a computer.” The potentially large source of under-glacier water-possibly up to double the amount previously thought-could be affecting how quickly glacial ice flows and how quickly the ice melts at its base. Robel and Sim hope that the predictions made possible by this theory can be included into ice sheet models that scientists use to predict future ice sheet change and sea level rise. Beyond sea level rise, this additional exfiltration and melting has other possible future effects. Some of the places of richest ocean productivity in the world occur off the coast of Antarctica, and being able to better predict exfiltration and melting could help ocean biologists better understand where ocean productivity is occurring, and how it might change in the future. Robel also hopes this work will open the doorway to more cooperation with groundwater hydrologists who may be able to apply their knowledge to ice sheet dynamics, while Sim stresses the need for more fieldwork. “Getting the observationalists interested in trying to help us better understand the qualities of ice sheets would produce a dramatic effect,” Sim says. “That’s our largest unknown at this point, and it heavily influences the results.” 8. What is the new model used to study? A. The risk of sea level rise. B. The changes of ocean ecosystems. C. The speed of glacial melting. D. The flow of water beneath glaciers. 9. How does the author show the advantage of the new model? A. By analyzing facts. B. By referring to figures. C. By giving examples. D. By making a comparison. 10. What does the author stress about the additional exfiltration and melting? A. It gets attention in many places. B. It may influence more than one field. C. It is responsible for sea level rise. D. It has been considered by biologists. 11. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. An In-depth Study of Antarctic Glaciers B. A Prediction of the Future of Glaciers C. A Big Discovery About Under-glacier Flow D. A New Model Invented to Monitor Glaciers D Nesting chinstrap penguins take nodding off to the extreme. These birds fall asleep many thousands of times per day, sleeping only seconds at a time. The penguins’ breeding (繁殖) areas are noisy and stressful, and dangers from predators (捕食者) and unfriendly neighboring penguins never seem to become fewer. But their special sleep habits may help protect their young while they are still getting plenty of Zzzz’s. Teaming up with other researchers, Won Young Lee, a specialist of animals’ habitats, fixed sleep trackers on the birds’ backs, and then connected these to the birds’ brains, which allowed the devices to measure brain activity. Other instruments on the devices recorded the penguins’ movements and locations. The study found nesting chinstrap penguins had incredibly inconsecutive sleep. They took more than 600 “microsleeps” an hour, and each microsleep averaged only four seconds. At times, the penguins slept with half their brain and the other half stayed awake. The more than 10,000 microsleeps each day provided more than 11 hours of sleep for each brain half. In the wild, some other animals have strange or limited sleep patterns, too. Killer whale moms and dolphin moms can stay awake for a month after giving birth — without showing any ill effects. While at sea, dolphins can sleep with half their brain at a time (and one eye open), which lets them remain watchful for over two weeks straight. But Lee says the huge number of microsleeps by chinstrap penguins is unheard-of among animals. Getting enough sleep is important for healthy brains and bodies. The penguins’ microsleep appeared to give their brains at least partially restorative (恢复性的) rest. The studied penguins functioned well enough to both survive and raise their chicks. However, it’s unclear if the penguins’ sleep patterns change after the breeding season, and that has been included in the researchers’ further plan. “Sleep seems to differ widely from one species to another,” Lee says. “By studying how animals get that shut-eye, researchers can learn how sleep developed to give their brains needed rest.” 12. Why do nesting chinstrap penguins probably form extreme sleep schedules? A. To adapt to the noisy environment. B. To store enough energy for breeding. C. To balance parenting duty with rest needs. D. To guard their land against unfriendly neighbors. 13. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “inconsecutive” in paragraph 3? A. Deep. B. Broken. C. Insufficient. D. Comfortable. 14. Why are some other animals’ sleep patterns mentioned in the text? A. To show the harmful effects of microsleeps. B. To suggest other ways for penguins to sleep. C. To explain different sleep habits among animals. D. To stress the uniqueness of chinstrap penguins’ sleep. 15. What will be the researchers’ further research topic? A. Chinstrap penguins’ post-breeding sleep. B. The impact of sleep on penguins’ brains. C. Other penguin species’ sleep habits. D. Chinstrap penguins’ sleep quality. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Make Eye Contact Making eye contact can be tricky, especially if you are shy, or nervous. But good eye-contact is important for building trust and engaging an audience. ____16____ Turning your shoulders and head to face the other person’s eyes. Opening up your body to the other person helps to tell him you are listening, engaged, and ready to communicate. ____17____ Position yourself a few feet away from the other person’s face, which ensures a respectful distance while still maintaining a sense of closeness. Choosing a focal point near the eyes. Most commonly, this is one of the other person’s eyes. But if you do feel uncomfortable, you can also avoid their eyes in a wise way. ____18____ You can also choose to look under or above the eyes, or at a certain point around the ear. Bear in mind that maintaining eye contact with the help of an appropriate focal point is an effective way to show sincerity. ____19____ Think of how you would look at a painting or great view — you are not focusing intently on them, but instead looking at them gently. So, relax your gaze (注视) by breathing slowly as you make gentle eye-contact and nodding occasionally while you listen. Breaking eye contact briefly every 5-15 seconds. ____20____ While you don’t need to count the seconds, you should look away every once in a while to keep the conversation light and easy, but only for a few seconds. Some casual ways to do so include: laughing, nodding, and acknowledging the other person; looking at the sky; looking off to the side briefly, as if remembering something or running your hands through your hair. A. Making gentle eye-contact. B. Looking between their eyes is a good choice. C. It also makes eye contact more natural to maintain. D. Below are the reasons why you should make eye contact. E. Avoiding hesitant eye contact in a formal and important meeting. F. Too much eye-contact can be as uncomfortable as none at all. G. All it takes is a little practice to confidently hold someone’s gaze. Ⅱ.完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom. When I went on to college, it also ____21____ for tuition and housing and — eventually — a camera. But best of all, being a waitress taught me to quickly ____22____ and understand all kinds of people. I learned how to make small talk and how to quickly put people at ease — great training for a ____23____. From the moment I picked up a camera, I was ____24____ . I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. In six months, I was able to get a lot of great ____25____. The week I finished college, I was ____26____ by the Worthington Daily Globe. By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism. One morning, a phone call ____27____ everything. “You a photographer?” asked a rough voice. When I replied that indeed I was, the voice ____28____, “This is Bob Gilka. National Geographic. I need a hail (冰雹) damage ____29____. You guys get a big hailstorm last night?” I ____30____ my nervousness and said, “Yes, sir.” When he asked if I could take the photo for him, I again said, “Yes, sir.” My little picture of hail damage was well ____31____ and launched my 40-year career with the ____32____. Through decades, my lens captured ____33____ truths: Norwegian farmers and Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ____34____. Crafting my photography exhibition, I feel each frame pulses with ____35____ stories. 21. A. paid B. earned C. spent D. afforded 22. A. praise B. confirm C. entertain D. assess 23. A. teacher B. waitress C. journalist D. student 24. A. moved B. absorbed C. struck D. thrown 25. A. money B. equipment C. knowledge D. experience 26. A. visited B. recommended C. contacted D. appointed 27. A. improved B. declared C. recorded D. changed 28. A. shouted B. responded C. doubted D. whispered 29. A. picture B. evidence C. document D. scene 30. A. withdrew B. overcame C. admitted D. showed 31. A. adopted B. examined C. received D. sold 32. A. magazine B. book C. poster D. brochure 33. A. local B. universal C. distant D. national 34. A. courage B. beauty C. fear D. pain 35. A. written B. translated C. copied D. unspoken 第Ⅱ卷 I.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers, the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(青藏高原) is known as “China’ s watertower” It is a ___36___(whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as ___37___important ecological defense for the country. Decades ago, serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan ___38___(cause) by climate change and human activities which resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers ___39___(fall) sharply. In 2016, the pilot program for the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system was launched. Through painstaking practice, development and innovation, efforts have brought about ___40___(symbol) progress in China’s ecological civilization. Over the past years, the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ___41___(experience) comprehensive changes. Water conservation in the area has risen ___42___eleven percent every year, compared with 10 years ago. Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature, and the establishment of the national park has enabled them ___43___(transform) from exploiting (开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it. Some work as tour guides, assisting visitors from home ___44___abroad. Today, as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan, looking at the expansive mountains, glaciers, lakes, and pastures, and catching sight of wild animals and birds, they cannot help but be impressed by the ____45____(vast) and timelessness of nature. Ⅱ.单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. They had a house by the _________ (边缘) of an empty sea. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Every society has rules and laws for ________ (解释) how life should be lived. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. Despite these________(可见的，明显的) benefits, there are many challenges. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. A person who has a good-luck dumpling will be _________ (祝福). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. ________ (绵延，伸展) over 2,300 kilometres, the Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the natural wonders of the world. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. The force displayed by a seed is ________ (不可思议的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. As I_________(闲逛) in the National Gallery, I was amazed to see all the paintings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. Yuan Longping overcame _________ (巨大的) technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. He had no ________ (胃口) in the morning. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. Everyone should _________ (展现) that they care, especially about each other. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) Ⅱ.完成句子（共7小题；每空1分，共15分） 56. 整个故事都非常有趣，但最吸引我的是主角复杂的性格。 The whole story is extremely interesting, but what ________ ________ ________ most was the characters’ complex personalities. 57. 我们应该禁止科学家使用它来增强健康的身体吗？ Should we ________ scientists ________ ________it to enhance healthy bodies? 58. 它们因人而异，这取决于我们自己塑造我们生活的独特经历。 They ________ ________ person ________ person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped our lives. 59. 员工经常与领导发生冲突，这导致了许多问题。 Often the employees come ________ ________ ________ leaders, which has led to many problems. 60. 我可以看出我有多少时间都被用来查看我的手机。 I can see how much of my time had ________ ________ ________ checking my phone. IV.书面表达（15分） 61. 你是李华。你的英国留学生朋友Tom写邮件告知你他准备周末在附近游玩，请你回复邮件并向他推荐海珠国家湿地公园（Haizhu National Wetland Park）。 主要包括： 1.位于广州市海珠区的中心，占地面积约1.8平方公里：开园时间：9:00-17:00；门票免费； 2.主要由海珠湖、河涌以及果林组成：被誉为广州的“绿肺”； 3.游玩项目：湖边散步、骑行、野餐、观鸟、采摘水果等。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 河涌 a network of rivers 果林orchard Dear Tom, I hope this email finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $