2.2.4地表形态的变化导学案-2025-2026学年高二地理湘教版选择性必修1

年级：  高二       科目：    地理   备课人：        日期：           

第二节地表形态的变化  第四课时（导学案）

一、学习目标

1.观察、描述常见风力侵蚀地貌和堆积地貌，说出其特点及成因。

2.能够分析不同地区的典型地貌类型及成因。

3.通过黄土高原的形成和地貌演化过程图文材料，理解内外力作用对地表形态的影响，

二、教学重难点   

风力作用与地表形态、黄土高原地貌的变化与外力作用

三、教材逻辑结构

 风力作用对地表形态影响      黄土高原的形成与演化（内外力综合作用）                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

四、自学指导与检测

自学指导	自学检测及课堂展示
知识点一.风力作用与地表形态（阅读课本P43-45，完成右框内容）	一．风力作用与地表形态 1．风蚀作用 (1)含义：指风力对地表岩土的破坏作用。 (2)类型：①吹蚀作用   ②磨蚀作用   （教材第43页概念，在课本上画出来） (3)对地貌的影响：造成地表物质的       ，使地表遭到       ，从而形成各种风蚀地貌。 2．风积作用 (1)含义：指风所       的沙粒由于条件改变而发生       。 (2)对地貌的影响：形成各种形态的       。 【合作探究】阅读教材P44文字材料,完成相关任务。 （1）列举黄土是风成的证据。     （2）推测黄土墚和黄土峁的形成过程。

	（3）根据黄土高原的区城特征，提出治理水土流失的对策措施。   总结回顾 地貌类型 地貌形态及特征 分布地区 风成地貌      地貌        、风蚀蘑菇、风蚀洼地、风蚀沟谷、风蚀城堡、戈壁、裸岩荒漠、新疆的      地貌         及邻近的半干旱地区      地貌     （新月形、长垄状、蜂窝状）、沙垄黄土高原的黄土堆积
知识点二.地质演化顺序（阅读课本P45，完成右框内容）	二．地质演化顺序 【合作探究】看课本45图，回答下列问题。 （1）该地区地质历史上至少发生过几次地震?判读这几次地震发生的先后顺序，并说明理由。       （2）该地区的地面上，难以找到古地震留下的痕迹。这是什么原因造成的?   （3）结合所学知识，议一议，该地区大致经历了怎样的地质演化过程?
知识点三.河流弯道横向环流的应用.（阅读课本P45-46，完成右框内容）	三．河流弯道横向环流的应用 【合作探究】阅读教材P45-46文字材料,完成相关任务。 （1）在洪水期，为什么都江堰能保证灌区不受洪水威胁?在枯水期，又如何保证有足够的水量进人灌区?         （2）为什么都江堰能最大限度地减少泥沙通过宝瓶口进入灌区?