内容正文:
专项04 首字母填空
01 解题小技巧
02【题型一】 首字母填空
解题小技巧
小学英语首字母填空核心考查语境理解、词性变化、时态匹配及固定搭配,掌握以下技巧可快速破题
一、首字母填空类:先定时态语境,再联单词形式
· 第一步:第一步:通读短文,圈出表时间的词(如 “every Saturday”“It’s Sunday”),确定整体时态(一般现在时、现在进行时等)。
· 第二步:根据首字母和上下文联想单词,如 “p_____ are on the road” 结合交通场景,首字母 “p” 可填 “posters”;“like s_____” 结合 “beach”(沙滩)场景,首字母 “s” 可填 “swimming”。
· 第三步:检查单词形式,确认名词是否变复数(“friend” 变 “friends”)、动词是否变三单或现在分词(“like” 变 “likes”“sit” 变 “sitting”)。
【题型一】首字母填空类
(一)
Read and write(根据短文内容填空,每空一词,首字母已给)
There are some extreme sports(极限运动)in the world. People must have some skills(技能)to p 1 extreme sports because most of them are very d 2 . And they n 3 some special equipment(器材,装备)for safety(安全).
Bungee jumping(蹦极)is a kind of extreme sports. People jump f 4 a high tower with some special l 5 ropes. They need the ropes f 6 their safety. Rock climbing also needs some long ropes for sport p 7 . Those ropes are different from the o 8 we use in our daily life. One easier extreme sport is skateboarding. You need a s 9 and a helmet. Young people like to play it outdoors. Some of the players can do a lot of difficult movements(动作)on the b 10 .
(二)
Read and write(根据短文内容填空,每空一词,首字母已给)
Look at my f 1 . He is a doctor in a hospital. He works h 2 for all his patients(病人). He always come home l 3 . He often says to my m 4 , ‘My patients are waiting f 5 me. Because I can make them feel better.’ He always has lots of w 6 to do. When he comes back f 7 work, he reads some books a 8 his work. He is really a model d 9 . Everyone likes to talk w 10 him.
(三)
Read and write(根据短文内容填空,每线一词,首字母已给)
When you are reading something in E 1 , you may often come across a new w 2 . What’s the best way to know it?
You may look it u 3 in the English-Chinese dictionary(词典). It will tell you a lot a 24 the word: the pronunciation(发音), the part of speech(词性), the Chinese meaning and also how to u 5 this word. But how can you k 6 where the word is in thousands of English words? How to f 7 it in a dictionary both quickly and correctly?
You may s 8 the words beginning with the letter, A, then B, C, D… If there are two words beginning with the s 9 letter, you may look at the second letter. Then the third, and the fourth. Do you understand h 10 to look up a word in a dictionary?
(四)
Read and complete 首字母填空。
Rose is a n 1 girl. She can d 2 very well. She can draw rabbits, tigers, m 3 , and e 4 . She can s 5 an English song. She is h 6 every day.
(五)
阅读短文,填入适当的单词,使其内容通顺,每线一词,首字母已给。
Who is he? He's Jim. He's my f 1 . We are in the same class. He's a thin b 2 . He likes r 3 books and newspapers. He doesn't like playing football. He can d 4 some pictures. Look,it's a picture of supergirl. She can fly,but she c 5 cook(煮饭).
Jim is a good boy.
(六)
阅读短文,填入适当的单词,使其内容通顺,每线一词,首字母已给。
Hello, boys and girls. Welcome to this place. This is a f 1 station. It’s big. We can see some fire engines. They are r 2 . How many fire engines? Let me count. One, two, three…Ten are new, a 3 two are old. The man is a f 4 . He’s Jill’s father. He’s Mr Black. He’s a t 5 man. He likes helping people. He likes his job.
(七)
Read and fill. (阅读短文,填入所缺单词,首字母已给)
Look at the 1 in the purple skirt. She’s my a 2 . H 3 name is Helen. She has l 4 hair. She has big eyes. She’s beautiful. She can d 5 very well. She likes dancing very much. I like her.
(八)
阅读短文,填入适当的单词,使其内容通顺,每线一词,首字母已给。
Danny's father is a firefighter. He works at fire station. He's very brave. He h 1 short yellow hair. He is tall and thin. His c 2 are orange. He likes putting out the f 3 . Danny's mother is a t 4 . She works in a school. Her students like her very much. She has a b 5 and two dresses. They are purple.
They are nice. She likes playing games with her students. She is a good teacher.
(九)
阅读短文,填入适当的单词,使其内容通顺,每线一词,首字母已给。
Who's that man? Let me tell you. He's my uncle. He's tall. He is s 1 years old. He's only a student. He likes r 2 and writing. He's my m 3 brother. H 4 name is Jack. I have two uncles. One is Jack. The other is John. John is 23 years old. He's tall, too. He's a p 5 officer. He can swim and dive. He's my father's brother.
参考答案及解析
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【题型一】
(一)
1.play 2.dangerous 3.need 4.from 5.long 6.for 7.players 8.ones 9.skateboard 10.board
【解析】1.“play extreme sports” 是固定短语,意为 “进行极限运动”,这里表示人们进行极限运动需要技能,所以填 play 。
2.极限运动大多是危险的,“dangerous” 表示 “危险的”,符合语境,说明需要技能和装备的原因,所以填 dangerous 。
3.为了安全他们 “需要” 一些特殊装备,“need” 有 “需要” 的意思,主语是 they,用原形,所以填 need 。
4.“jump from...” 是 “从…… 跳下”,蹦极是从高塔跳下,所以填 from 。
5.蹦极需要特殊的 “长” 绳,“long” 表示 “长的”,符合蹦极绳索特点,所以填 long 。
6.“for one's safety” 是 “为了某人的安全”,这里指为了他们(进行蹦极的人)的安全,所以填 for 。
7.攀岩也需要长绳给运动 “参与者;运动员”,“players” 是 “player(运动员;参与者 )” 的复数形式,所以填 players 。
8.:这里 “ones” 指代前文提到的 “ropes(绳索 )”,避免重复,所以填 ones 。
9.滑板运动需要 “滑板”,“skateboard” 就是 “滑板”,所以填 skateboard 。
10.在 “滑板” 上做动作,“board” 指代滑板,所以填 board 。
(二)
1.father 2.hard 3.late 4.mother 5.for 6.work 7.from 8.about 9.doctor 10.with
【解析】1.从后文 “He is a doctor...” 以及家庭相关描述可知,这里说的是 “我的父亲”,所以填 father 。
2.“work hard” 是固定短语,意为 “努力工作”,描述父亲为病人努力工作,所以填 hard 。
3.因为工作努力,所以总是 “很晚” 回家,“late” 表示 “晚;迟”,所以填 late 。
4.父亲经常对 “我的母亲” 说……,在家庭语境中,所以填 mother 。
5.“wait for” 是固定短语,意为 “等待”,病人等待父亲(医生),所以填 for 。
6.他总是有很多 “工作” 要做,“work” 表示 “工作”,符合语境,所以填 work 。
7.“come back from work” 是 “下班回来”,所以填 from 。
8.读一些 “关于” 他工作的书,“about” 表示 “关于”,所以填 about 。
9.他是一名模范 “医生”,呼应前文职业描述,所以填 doctor 。
10.“talk with sb.” 是 “和某人交谈”,大家喜欢和他交谈,所以填 with 。
(三)
1.English 2.word 3.up 4.about 5.use 6.know 7.find 8.see 9.same 10.how
【解析】1.当你读用 “英语” 写的东西时,“in English” 是 “用英语”,所以填 English 。
2.阅读时会遇到新 “单词”,“word” 表示 “单词”,所以填 word 。
3.“look up” 是固定短语,意为 “查阅(字典等 )”,查阅新单词用这个短语,所以填 up 。
4.字典会告诉你很多 “关于” 这个单词的内容,“about” 表示 “关于”,所以填 about 。
5.字典还会说明如何 “使用” 这个单词,“use” 表示 “使用”,所以填 use 。
6.但你怎么 “知道” 这个单词在众多英语单词里的位置呢,“know” 表示 “知道”,所以填 know 。
7.如何快速准确地在字典里 “找到” 它(单词 ),“find” 表示 “找到”,所以填 find 。
8.你可以 “查看;看” 以字母 A 开头的单词,然后 B、C、D……,“see” 有 “查看;看” 的意思,所以填 see 。
9.如果有两个单词以 “相同的” 字母开头,“same” 表示 “相同的”,所以填 same 。
10.你明白 “如何” 在字典里查单词了吗,“how” 表示 “如何;怎样”,所以填 how 。
(四)
1.nice 2.dance 3.monkeys 4.elephants 5.sing 6.happy
【解析】1.形容女孩,“nice” 有 “美好的;友善的” 等意思,可表示罗斯是个好女孩,所以填 nice 。
2.从后文 “She can draw rabbits...” 可知她 “画画” 很好,“draw” 表示 “画画”,所以填 draw 。
3.这里列举她能画的动物,以 m 开头,“monkeys(猴子 )” 符合,所以填 monkeys 。
4.同样列举动物,以 e 开头,“elephants(大象 )” 符合,所以填 elephants 。
5.“sing an English song” 是 “唱一首英文歌”,所以填 sing 。
6.描述她每天的状态,“happy” 表示 “开心的;快乐的”,所以填 happy 。
(五)
1.friend 2.boy 3.reading 4.draw 5.can't
【解析】1.句意:他是我的朋友。My是形容词性物主代词,后接名词,由句意可知,此处应用friend,意为“朋友”,故答案为friend。
2.句意:他是一个瘦瘦的男孩。由He(他)可知,此处应用boy,意为男孩,故答案为boy。
3.句意:他喜欢读书看报。读书看报用read。喜欢做某事用like+动词ing的形式,故答案为reading。
4.句意:他会画画。画画是draw pictures。can 是情态动词,在句中的意思是“能;会”,情态动词后必须接动词原形,故答案为draw。
5.句意:她会飞,但是她不会煮饭。But意为“但是”,根据句意,前后是转折关系,故答案为can’t。
(六)
1.fire 2.red 3.and 4.firefighter 5.tall
【解析】1.句意:这是……站。fire engine消防车,可知在消防站,fire station消防站,故答案为fire。
2.句意:它们是……。they指fire engine,消防车,一般是红色的,red红色的,故答案为red。
3.句意:让我数一数。一,二,三……十辆是新的,两辆是旧的。and和,并列关系,故答案为and。
4.句意:那个人是一个……。a是不定代词,后面接名词单数,以首字母f开头,firefighter消防员,故答案为firefighter。
5.句意:他是一个……的男人。根据man是名词,前面用形容词修饰,以首字母t开头,tall高的,故答案为tall。
(七)
1. lady 2.aunt 3. Her 4. long 5.dance
【详解】1.看穿紫色裙子的那个 “女士”,“lady” 表示 “女士;夫人”,所以填 lady 。
2.她是我的 “姑姑;阿姨” 等女性亲属,“aunt” 符合,所以填 aunt 。
3.“她的” 名字是海伦,“Her” 是形容词性物主代词,修饰 name,所以填 Her 。
4.形容头发,“long” 表示 “长的”,她有长头发,所以填 long 。
5.从后文 “She likes dancing very much.” 可知她 “跳舞” 很好,“dance” 表示 “跳舞”,所以填 dance 。
(八)
1.has 2.coats 3.fire 4.teacher 5.blouse
【解析】1.句意:他_____一头短短的黄头发。主语是第三人称单数,谓语用动词单三形式,以首字母h开头的单词has有,故答案为has。
2.句意:他的_____是橙色的。are与名词复数搭配,以首字母c开头的单词,coats外套,故答案为coat。
3.句意:他喜欢扑灭_____。put out the fire扑灭火灾,固定搭配,故答案为fire。
4.句意:丹尼的母亲是一名_____。a修饰单数名词,以首字母t开头的职业名词,teacher老师,故答案为teacher。
5.句意:她有一件_____和两件连衣裙。a修饰单数名词,以首字母b开头的,表示衣着的名词,blouse女衬衫,故答案为blouse。
(九)
1.sixteen 2.reading 3.mother's 4.His 5.police
【解析】1.句意:他……岁了。根据years old岁,前面用数词,sixteen16,故答案为sixteen。
2.句意:他喜欢……和写作。以首字母r开头,read读,like doing sth喜欢做某事,reading阅读,故答案为reading。
3.句意:他是我……弟弟。brother是名词,前面用名词所有格修饰,mother's妈妈的,故答案为mother's。
4.句意:……名字叫杰克。根据Jack是男孩,前面用形容词性物主代词修饰,以首字母h开头,his他的,故答案为His。
5.句意:他是一名……。police officer警官,固定搭配,故答案为police。
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